Concept Of Agriculture Research Articles

Karakterisasi Pertanian Berkelanjutan di Pulau Kecil

The character of Hiri Island, which is located in the cluster of small islands in North Maluku in the study of sustainable crop cultivation practices, has yet to be documented in the Islands Agriculture database. This research reveals local farmers' cultivation practices using production inputs. The methods used are observation and interviews. Respondents were determined by deliberate methods. Research variables included sustainable agriculture indicators such as land conservation, agroforestry, integrated pest control, protective crops, crop nutrient management, and crop diversification. Data were obtained through a closed questionnaire with "Yes" or "No" questions. The answer "Yes" was given a score of 1, while the answer "No" was a score of 0. Next, the data is tabulated and analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results showed that farmers on Hiri Island maintain agricultural productivity by implementing sustainable agricultural practices with several indicators such as water source management 42%, integrated pest control 50%, crop diversification 65%, crop nutrition management 65%, land conservation 75%, and agroforestry 83%. Farmers on this island have implemented the concept of sustainable agriculture, but it needs to be done continuously by maximizing cultivation practices on small islands.
 
 Keywords: hiri, small island characteristics, archipelago agriculture

Electrification of a Remote Rural Farm with Solar Energy—Contribution to the Development of Smart Farming

Rural farms constitute a vital component of a country’s agricultural landscape, traditionally reliant on energy installations known for their reliability yet notorious for their energy-intensive and inefficient characteristics. While the smart farm concept, integrating renewable energy sources and resource management technologies, has seen widespread adoption in domestic and industrial sectors, rural farms have been slower to embrace these innovations. This study presents a groundbreaking solution, deployed on a rural farm in Portugal, resulting in an impressive 83.24% reduction in energy consumption sourced from the grid. Notably, this achievement translates to a substantial reduction in CO2 emissions, aligning with the growing need for environmentally sustainable farming practices. The technical intricacies of this pioneering solution are comprehensively described and juxtaposed with other scientific case studies, offering valuable insights for replication. This initiative represents a vital first step towards the integration or combination of conventional farming with photovoltaic energy production, exemplified by agrivoltaic systems. In conclusion, this research showcases the potential for rural farms to significantly enhance energy efficiency and financial viability, thereby contributing to a more sustainable and cost-effective agricultural sector. These findings serve as a model for similar endeavors, paving the way for a greener and more economically viable future for rural farming practices.

Regenerative Agriculture as a Sustainable System of Food Production: Concepts, Conditions, Perceptions and Initial Implementations in Poland, Czechia and Slovakia

In order to produce agri-food products in a sustainable way, a new and pro-environmental farmer attitude to soil is of key importance. In a situation of significant degradation of agricultural land as a result of the spread of intensive farming, there has been growing interest in regenerative agriculture. Based on a literature review as well as quantitative and qualitative primary data, the authors aim to analyse various ways in which regenerative agriculture is defined, understood and implemented, with selected countries, namely Poland, Czechia and Slovakia, serving as examples. The objective of the study is also to recognise how and to what extent the concepts and practices of regenerative agriculture meet the principles of sustainable food production. An examination of the literature shows that regenerative agriculture is a relatively new and diversely described concept drawing on many models of agriculture. The results of a bibliometric and webometric analysis suggest that the scientific, expert and public perceptions of regenerative agriculture are still limited. In the countries under consideration, regenerative agriculture is often identified with the concept of biological farming (biologisation of agriculture), and the conscious implementation of its practices at farms is infrequent, usually only taking place at large farms. The study was conducted from the point of view of the social sciences and agricultural economics, is comparative in character, and includes recommendations for agricultural policy as well as guidelines for possible future research.

AGROECOLOGICAL PROJECTS

The assessment of agroecological projects conducted by the Federal University of the São Francisco Valley (UNIVASF) and the State University of Bahia (UNEB) was incorporated into the curriculum activities of the Agroecology course, which is part of the Doctoral Program in Human Ecology and Environmental Management (PPGEcoH/UNEB). This study theoretically details two sustainability-focused projects: the “Sisteminha”, hosted by UNIVASF, and the “Caerdes”, implemented by the Center for Agroecology, Renewable Energies, and Sustainable Development of UNEB. The applied methodology is grounded in a bibliographic approach, combined with a case study, and is of a qualitative, exploratory, and documentary nature. Data collection was carried out through direct on-site observations and notes in field journals. The visits to SISTEMINHA and CAERDES provided a firsthand view of the research area and the introduction of various agricultural practices based on agroecological principles, pinpointing challenges and potential adaptations for the Semi-arid context. Both projects under review align with the organic agriculture concepts discussed in the classroom. However, to maximize their impact and relevance for family farmers, certain adjustments and enhancements need to be considered.

Building the resilience of smallholder farmers to climate variability: Using climate-smart agriculture in Bono East Region, Ghana

The concept of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) emerges from a requirement to come up with advanced solutions towards the intricate and combined objectives of enhancing crop yields, ameliorating resilience, and encouraging a low-emissions agricultural sector. This study examines how smallholder farmers are building their resilience to climate variability using CSA practices in the Bono East Region, Ghana. Specifically, the study sought to: (i) assess the trends of temperature and rainfall for the period 2011 to 2021; (ii) identify and rank CSA practices used by the smallholder farmers for resilience building in agricultural systems; and; (iii) determine the barriers militating against smallholder farmers' implementation of the prioritized CSA practices. Standardized rainfall and temperature anomalies integrated with Sen's slope were used to determine the temperature and rainfall trends. One hundred and fifty random household surveys in five selected communities (Benkai, Fiaso, Traa, Awurano, and Bomini) accompanied by five key informant interviews were used to collect field data. The CSA practices identified by the farmers and the barriers opposing the implementation of these practices were ranked using the Relative Importance Index (RII) and Weighted Average Index (WAI) respectively. Results showed that rainfall was inconsistent and temperature rose from 2011 to 2021 in the study area. Results also revealed that the key CSA practices implemented by the farmers were appropriate fertilizer application (RII = 0.758), mixed farming (RII = 0.735), and crop diversification (RII = 0.717). However, in the implementation of these CSA practices, the farmers were confronted with key barriers including increased occurrences of diseases and pests (WAI = 1.173), restricted access to agricultural technologies (WAI = 1.100), and excessive price of improved crop varieties (WAI = 1.067). The study concludes that the resilience of smallholder farmers in Ghana can be built through the effective implementation of the aforementioned CSA practices.

Humic Acid Aplication in Catfish Farming Using Bucket System in Muncul Fish Farm, Banyuwangi, Indonesia

In Banyuwangi, Indonesia, where the vast potential of natural resources remains largely untapped optimally, the community partnership program (CPP) was introduced to enhance freshwater fish production, with a specific focus on catfish farming in the Muncul fish farm. The region's catfish production, the largest among consumer fish commodities, had been hampered by traditional and semi-intensive methods, limited facilities, disease risks, and uncertain market conditions. To address these challenges, the CPP employed a participatory approach, fostering a close relationship between the community development team and partner groups. Through scientific problem-solving discussions, valuable input from partners, and active participation in decision-making, catfish farmers were empowered. The central innovation of applying humic acid in a bucket fish farming system significantly improved catfish productivity and profitability. As a result, partners gained knowledge and skills in intensive bucket fish farming, substantially increasing their productivity and income. To further expand the benefits of this program, promoting urban farming concepts, especially the bucket fish farming system, should be encouraged to engage more individuals with limited space in small-scale aquaculture for food security and income generation.

Conservation Agriculture for Sustainable Crop Productivity and Economic Return for the Smallholders of Bangladesh: A Systematic Review

Agricultural farming is a complicated system that involves continuous interactions among its multiple components over a period of time. The series of activities involved in farming practices have enormous contributions to ensure food security for the humanity. With the passage of time, agriculture sector faces diversified challenges like high food demand of rapidly growing population, scarcity of available resources and adverse effect of climate change. In developing countries like Bangladesh, food sufficiency is mostly achieved through intensive farming which has detrimental effects on natural resources, surrounding environment, and the whole ecosystem. The review attempts to discover the potentials of conservation agriculture practices for sustainable crop productivity and economic profitability of smallholder farmers in Bangladesh. This study revealed that conservation farm management practice is a cost-effective modernized technique that has the ability to accelerate crop productivity and farmers income through minimum utilization of agricultural inputs. Although the concept of conservation agriculture is widely practiced in other parts of the world, Bangladesh is experiencing a slow rate of adoption during the last few years. The policy implication of the study suggests that the government should take coordinated and combined initiatives involving both public and private sector organizations to incorporate this concept into the mainstream agricultural system of Bangladesh.

Pelatihan Smart Farming Berbasis IoT Kepada Kelompok Tani Jamur Tiramu Dalam Peningkatan Ekonomi Di Kabupaten Kampar

Purpose - This community service activity aims to socialize Smart Farming as a new concept in agriculture by integrating technology as an innovation. Smart Farming makes it easy for farmers to increase the quality and quantity of agricultural products through technology. The technology used in this activity is IoT (Internet of Things), a mushroom media sprayer that can be controlled automatically and adjusted to the required temperature. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology used in this community service activity is mentoring and outreach. This activity is a training that concerns two activity themes, namely mentoring the installation of IoT on mushroom media and socializing the business management of oyster mushroom products. Assistance activities will be carried out by technology experts who will guide partners in assembling IoT circuits. In comparison, the socialization that will be carried out will involve resource persons who are experts in agribusiness and will provide debriefing on the management of oyster mushroom input supplies. Findings – Community service activities for Tiramu oyster mushroom partners that are carried out obtain the results of activities that bring significant benefits to partners. The benefit obtained from this activity is an automatic sprayer technology that can be adjusted to the room temperature conditions of the oyster mushroom required by the oyster mushroom. Partners' skills and knowledge also increase with socialization activities that equip partners with knowledge in improving the quality and quantity of oyster mushroom products produced. From some of the things mentioned above, community service activities with results in a series of IoT and partner skills can be said to have enormous benefits for Tiramu oyster mushroom partners. Originality/value – The implications of community service activities produce smart farming technology tools and the ability of Tiramu oyster mushroom partners to improve product quality and quantity.

GREEN BONDS AND THE GOALS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

This article discuss the possibility of using green bonds as a way to promote sustainable family agriculture, to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), to which Brazil has made a commitment since the signing of 2016 Paris Agreement. This study aims to analyze the viability of using green bonds as a way to promote sustainable family agriculture, seeking to achieve the objectives of sustainable agriculture proposed by SDG number 2 of the 2030 Agenda. The specific objectives are to present a concept of sustainable agriculture, specify the procedure of green bond emissions, and demonstrate the viability of using these green bonds by the rural family producer as a way of promoting its production with sustainable techniques. As for the methodology applied, an inductive approach was used in the investigative phase, and the Cartesian method was employed in the data treatment phase. The research confirmed the initial hypothesis that, indeed, the use of green bonds to promote sustainable family agriculture and instrumentalize the Sustainable Development Goals is viable.

Rotational Tillage Practices to Deal with Soil Compaction in Carbon Farming

Conservation tillage practices, such as reduced tillage and no-tillage, have recently garnered significant attention as core elements of the regenerative agriculture and carbon farming concepts. By minimizing mechanical soil disturbance, these practices preserve soil carbon and facilitate CO2 fixation in the soil. Despite the widely acknowledged benefits, many farmers still approach no-tillage with skepticism. Their primary concerns are weed management and soil compaction. While weeds can be effectively controlled with the deployment of integrated weed management strategies, urgent soil compaction problems can be rapidly resolved only with mechanical interventions. That is why many no-till farmers resort to occasional heavy tillage, in a scheme characterized as rotational tillage, inadvertently sacrificing their regenerative assets in soil carbon. This is also a pivotal issue within carbon farming: the fate of soil carbon at the end of a compliant scheme focused on carbon fixation. The present study explores data of soil organic matter (SOM), soil penetration resistance (PR), and dry bulk density (DBD) from the initial, six-year period of a long-term tillage experiment in Greece. During that period, modifications to the experimental design allowed diverse combinations of five tillage methods (conventional tillage, 3 reduced tillage methods, and no-tillage). The findings indeed underscore the farmers’ concerns about soil compaction. High levels of PR and DBD were observed even at the topsoil layer of the no-tillage (NT). Conventional, moldboard plowing (MP) or reduced, chisel plowing (CP) applied after four years of uninterrupted no-tillage ameliorated most of the soil compaction; however, at the same time, this induced unfavorable consequences for SOM. In contrast, NT applied permanently for six years resulted in a substantial enhancement in SOM that reached 2.24%, for a sampling depth 0–0.30 m compared to 1.54% for permanent MP. When no-tillage was rotated with plowing in the fifth year, almost 50% of the sequestered carbon was lost and the SOM dropped to 1.87%. Nevertheless, the amount of SOM observed at the deeper 0.15–0.30 m layer was greater compared to permanent NT. This suggests that while plowing induced some loss of SOM, it also facilitated the uniform distribution into the soil profile, in contrast with the accumulation in the topsoil at prolonged NT. The permanent CP method and the NT/CP rotation provided comparative outcomes in terms of both soil compaction and soil carbon sequestration with the rotational NT/MP scheme, while all the other tillage combinations were inferior.

Review on Chinese agricultural science and technology research from a low-carbon economy perspective: hotspots, evolution, and frontiers

Against the background of global climate change, agricultural science and technology play a vital role in achieving a low-carbon economy and sustainable development. Based on the research data of agricultural science and technology in Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, adopting the bibliometric method, a knowledge graph was drawn using CiteSpace software; this paper analyzes the hotspot distribution, structural relationship and evolution process context while also comparing the difference between China and abroad from 1998 to 2023. The results indicate that existing research is mainly distributed in the following core modules, namely, agricultural science and technology, industrialization, modern agriculture, low-carbon agriculture, etc. The evolution of the research context features three stages: the traditional agricultural, current agricultural, and high-quality agricultural stages respectively. Research in China and abroad demonstrates both overlaps and differences in terms of knowledge structure, and such differences are related mainly to the concept of low-carbon agriculture, a variety of research perspectives, and the agricultural science and technology system. To expand the knowledge structure, deepening the research on, respectively, the evaluation and measurement of agrarian carbon footprint, micro-production entities, and strengthening international agricultural science and technology cooperation are innovative directions for future studies. This article systematically reviews agricultural scientific research from the perspective of a low-carbon economy, providing a reference point for the green and low-carbon transformation of agriculture in every country.

Significance of Phosphate Nano-Fertilizers Foliar Application: A Brief Real-Field Study of Quantitative, Physiological Parameters, and Agro-Ecological Diversity in Sunflower

One of the challenges in agriculture practices is guaranteeing an adequate and bioavailable phosphorus supply for plants on phosphorus-deficient soils. A promising alternative lies in the utilization of phosphate nano-fertilizers (NFs) through spray applications. Therefore, this short-term study aimed to investigate the yet undetermined widespread impact of P-NFs on crops characterized by broad leaves, an intensive rate of photosynthesis, and belonging to the oilseed plant, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). To achieve this, NFs were applied at lower concentrations of various phosphate-based NFs, including (i) nano-hydroxylapatite (nano-Hap) and (ii) a mixture of nano-calcium zinc phosphate and macro-sized parascholzite (nano/macro-ZnPhos), in comparison to the NF-free control. The study was carried out under authentic field conditions during the 2022 vegetation season at the Dolná Malanta site within the Central European Region. The empirical evidence presented herein indicates that the utilization of biocompatible and bioactive nano-Hap, initially engineered for biomedical applications, and nano/macro-ZnPhos, now foliarly applied at reduced concentrations, elicited a statistically significant elevation in quantitative parameters and seasonal physiological responses. The parameters analyzed included head diameter, dry head weight, seed yield per hectare, nutritional seed oiliness, etc. as well as the physiological normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), stomatal conductance index (Ig), and crop water stress index (CWSI). In terms of agro-ecological terrestrial bio/diversity, it was evident that the nano/macro-ZnPhos was the most hospitable variant for the terrestric insect community, but surprisingly, the agronomically more popular nano-Hap showed only statistically insignificant changes in the diversity of the detected communities. However, the relevance of outcomes highlighted using nano-fertilizers, supporting the concept of precision and sustainable agriculture under field conditions.

Climate smart agriculture for sustainable productivity and healthy landscapes

In rural areas of developing countries, more than 70% of the population still depends on agriculture. However, economic crises, unscientific land allocation and climate change issues have hindered attempted gains in agricultural productivity and related rural development outcomes. Technology-driven breakthrough has usually pushed agriculture to the brink of another development that can affect not only plant diversity and yield, but also climatological and socio-economic outcomes. The concept of sustainable agriculture has become increasingly popularized as research and farming communities believe that productivity with environmental and social consequences need to be judiciously balanced. Agriculture of developed nations has practically benefitted of this concept worldwide during the 1990 s. In order to be successful worldwide, extensive research must be conducted not only for large-scale farms in developed nations but also for small-scale farms in developing nations. Climate smart agriculture conserves biodiversity by adopting coherent, multifunctional, and multi-cropping approach through design oriented spatial planning and flow among them. Here, a spatiotemporal data driven paradigm for sensing monitoring and directing agricultural ecosystem has been proposed to optimize the use of climate smart circular agricultural system.

Consumer Segmentation for Pesticide-free Food Products in Germany

Global sustainability challenges need to be addressed with innovative measures to comprehensively drive sustainable production and consumption patterns, and, thus sustainability change. A new farming concept, non-organic but characterized by complete renunciation of pesticides, has the potential to facilitate the transformation toward more sustainable agriculture. To examine this market potential of pesticide-free animal food products, we conducted an analysis of consumer attitudes using online survey data from 1010 German consumers. Through latent profile analysis (LPA), four profiles were identified, distinct in their acceptance of pesticide-free products and their attitudes toward pesticide use. One profile, the Prospective Consumers (22.9 %), indicated a willingness to consume pesticide-free products. They are willing to pay 31 % more for pesticide-free milk, 23 % more for pesticide-free cheese, and 24 % more for pesticide-free butter, compared to conventional dairy. However, the largest representation is the Unwilling Consumers (39.3 %), who will probably not be among the potential buyers of pesticide-free food products. Beyond, the Indecisive Consumers (30.9 %), and the smallest profile (6.9 %), the Ambivalent Consumers, are undecided in their purchase intention. Overall, the optimal target group represents the Prospective Consumers, whereas it cannot be ruled out that the Indecisive Consumers and the Ambivalent Consumers will develop into potential buyers, although this will require further research into suitable communication measures. Decision makers in the agri-food industry can make use of our findings and develop a marketing strategy that allows an understandable labelling of products while ensuring credibility in society.

Implementation of Smart Farming in Horticultural Cultivation Aquaponics Method in Ngeposari Village

Ngeposari Village, Semanu District, Gunung Kidul Regency, DIY, is 40 km from the campus. Most people work in the agricultural sector. In particular, the community uses a rain-fed agricultural system. Rain-fed agriculture has limited water availability and relies on rainwater as a source. Rain-fed agricultural land is at high risk of drought. Therefore, through the PPK ORMAWA program, students are trying to contribute, educating the public on agricultural development, through the concept of smart farming in cultivating horticultural plants. The community can implement the concept of smart farming, horticulture, and tilapia cultivation through the aquaponics method. This is an effort to meet the need for healthy food and increase the income of village communities. The program uses a community empowerment system through 3 stages, namely awareness, capacity building and empowerment. The awareness stage is intended to provide understanding and awareness for the community regarding the potential they have and the sectors that can be developed. The community awareness stage is a crucial first step and is the basis for community empowerment. At the capacity building stage, the community is given counseling and assistance to be able to actively implement smart farming as an empowerment stage. Activities were carried out well until the end of the third stage.

Humic Acid for Soil Quality Improvement with Application of Scan Automation on Seedless Watermelon Cultivation

Purpose: Sustainable agricultural intensification needs to be well developed. Therefore, food and agricultural production activities can be continuously produced without damaging the ecosystems and environment. One that can be used is a plant biostimulant based on humus. This research was conducted to examine the effect of humic acid as a soil biostimulant and the impact of its use on the yield of seedless watermelon cultivated on marginal land. This study involve IoT technology through monitoring soil quality which is carried out based on the concept of precision agriculture using the farm management system (FMS) Agrooscan tool. Methods: The study used humic acid factor for five treatments (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 g/L). Observations included soil conditions monitored with Agrooscan instruments such as soil pH, nutrients (N, P, K), as well as measuring plant height, fruit weight, fruit volume and total sugar content (Brix). Results: The results showed that application of humic acid increased the nutrient content in the soil and significantly affected soil pH and seedless watermelon yields. The 8 g/L treatment gave the highest soil N and K values, and was significantly different from no treatment (control). Conclusions: Thus, exogenous use of humic acid as a soil nutrient supplement can be used to help increase marginal land use, including in the development of seedless watermelon cultivation. The use of Agrooscan as a tool to scan soil conditions plays a very important role in maintaining the quality of nutrients so that the growth of watermelon cultivation can run better.

An Adaptive Framework for Regenerative Agriculture based on Environmental Management

Introduction The scope of implementing innovative research findings aimed at sustainable development goals seems to be inherently limited by economic and social acceptance, despite their technical efficacy. There exists a huge demand for coordinated efforts to mitigate the negative impacts of the so-called ‘development’ activities that are tampering with the very existence of humanity, natural resources, and the environment. Agriculture, though historically the first and foremost occupation of humans, has always been intrigued by nature at the cost of natural calamities and uncertainties in ensuring the availability and timely distribution of essential resources. In the modern context of water-energy-food paradigms, the agriculture sector can play a pivotal role in bolstering the state economy in multifaceted ways by assuming the adaptability of recent scientific advancements to the core functional attributes of sustainability. In this scenario, the concept of regenerative agriculture can be better understood as a holistic, self-adaptive, and integrated approach towards not only bringing about a revolutionary breakthrough in agricultural productivity but also providing a retroactive and reconstructive strategy for minimizing the inevitable consequences of destructive developments. An organized, synthesized approach in this direction would certainly culminate in fabricating close-connected, supportive interlinking pathways for related fields of science and technology to make them more beneficial towards the responsible productivity expected from the agriculture sector [1].The prospects of environmental research have established a close interlink with the agriculture sector, mainly through the attributes of material, energy, and living species. It is envisaged that the environment is a bigger space with multiple spheres of activity, while agriculture comprises a smaller sect with limited but well-defined interactions with the environment [2]. Even though it is generally accepted that most of these interactions (such as soil quality and crop growth, water requirement and crop selection, raining pattern and cropping seasons, etc.) are mutually directed, one could perceive them as if initially driven by agricultural activities. However, there are some other interactions where environmental attributes are driving agricultural activities and outputs [3-5]. Most of these interactions are, nonetheless, subtle and complex, and little is known about their individual lead roles. Hence, it is important to identify the specific attributes of some of the well-known interactions and look for the key drivers towards addressing the original problem of agriculture and sustainability.A dynamic interaction between agriculture and environment is observed to be well-reinstated through the simultaneous existence and exchanges of the energy, materials and activities (Figure 1). It is, however, expected that a compensating step is essential to redirect (or push forward) such exchanges without creating adverse environmental impacts as well as agricultural losses.List of About the Conference, Conference Model, Publication of the Proceedings, Proceedings Editors, Technical Advisory Committee are available in this Pdf.

Survey and analysis of national standardization trends for smart farm ICT equipment

The rapid advancement of information and communication technology (ICT) has significantly transformed the agricultural sector, giving rise to the concept of smart farming. Smart farming involves the integration of various ICT equipment and technologies to enhance agricultural practices, improve productivity, and ensure sustainable resource utilization. As smart farming gains momentum, the need for standardized practices and equipment becomes crucial to ensure interoperability, reliability, and widespread adoption. This paper presents a comprehensive survey and analysis of national standardization trends for smart farm ICT equipment in smart farming. It introduces the standardization trends, smart farm ICT equipment national standard diffusion support project, and evaluation of testing ICT equipments. Additionally, it highlights the necessity and consequences of ensuring interoperability for ICT equipment in smart farming. Furthermore, the paper explores the challenges and opportunities associated with smart farm ICT equipment standardization. Challenges include reconciling diverse technical requirements, addressing security and privacy concerns, and maintaining adaptability to evolving technological landscapes. On the other hand, standardization offers the opportunity to accelerate innovation, enable market growth, and establish a foundation for sustainable agricultural practices.

The Impact of Indonesia Green Economy in Masterplan for Future Urban Farming Indonesia

Indonesia is an agrarian country with 38.70 million people working in the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries sectors, accounting for 28.61% of the total workforce. With a contribution of 12.98 percent to the GDP, agriculture is one of the crucial economic sectors in Indonesia. However, rapid urban development has reduced the vegetable supply, and urban farming in cities can be a solution by utilizing community yards to meet food needs, reduce household expenses, and increase farmer income. Utilizing community yards to meet food needs, reduce household expenses, and increase farmer income, urban farming in cities can be a solution. The research method employs a normative juridical approach, examining elements in positive law and making comparisons with other countries. Based on this approach, the study indicates that amid food issues and a declining interest in farming, Indonesia needs an urban farming program, but the current implementation of the program is not optimal. Therefore, the Indonesia Masterplan for Future Urban Farming (IM-for-FUF) is introduced as an innovation expected to better support the implementation of the green economy within the framework of positive law for sustainable economics in Indonesia. One effort to enhance food availability and environmental quality is the IM-for-FUF. Additionally, the farming concept is unique as it utilizes existing areas, eliminating the need for extensive space. By supporting IM-for-FUF, communities can acquire new skills and knowledge about farming, positively impacting the environment by utilizing the surrounding areas.

Antisense RNA (asRNA) technology: the concept and applications in crop improvement and sustainable agriculture.

Antisense RNA (asRNA) technology is a method used to silence genes and inhibit their expression. Gene function relies on expression, which follows the central dogma of molecular biology. The use of asRNA can regulate gene expression by targeting specific mRNAs, which can result in changes in phenotype, disease resistance, and other traits associated with protein expression profiles. This technology uses short, single-stranded oligonucleotide strands that are complementary to the targeted mRNA. Manipulating and regulating protein expression during its translation can either knock out or knock down the expression of a gene of interest. Therefore, functional genomics can benefit from this technology since it allows for the regulation of protein expression. In this review, we discuss the concept, and applications of asRNA technology which include delaying ripening, prolonging shelf life, biofortification, and increasing biotic and abiotic resistance among others in crop improvement and sustainable agriculture.