Training Concept Research Articles

Transferring Policy: The African Union's Protection of Civilians Policy in Peacekeeping Missions in Somalia and South Sudan

The African Union's (AU's) doctrine underlying Peace Support Operations (PSOs) highlights the fact that the AU should take the lead in providing political direction for all AU PSOs. This includes mainstreaming the standards and operating procedures applicable to the Protection of Civilians (PoC). The PoC guidelines mandate the AU to support and complement the efforts of the host state by enhancing its capacity to secure civilians and prevent abuse against them. The guidelines have allowed the AU to develop and grow its institutional capacity and emerge as the continent's leading institution. It provides fragile member states with technical support through African-led and AU-mandated missions (crafting the concept of operations, training and implementation and procedures for peace operations). However, little is known about how the AU transfers its PoC policy to member states during peacekeeping missions. This paper assesses the institutional capacity of the AU and its ability to influence specific national PoC policies and approaches through AU PSO and United Nations Peacekeeping Operations (UN PKOs). The paper highlights that although the AU has made progress in PoC policy, it has not been implemented effectively and practically in South Sudan and Somalia, despite being a significant priority for the organisation.

The informatization role of the educational process for quality training of specialists

The article reveals the role of informatization of the educational process for high-quality training of specialists in order to achieve in the educational process a systemic vision of the future innovative activity of specialists, its perception as a single system of professional functions and tasks, giving preference to informatization. The purpose of the article is to clarify the role of informatization of the educational process for quality training of specialists to achieve a systemic vision of future innovative activity in the educational process, its perception as a single system of professional functions and tasks. , giving preference to informatization. The methodical concept of scientific training of future specialists in the conditions of informatization of the educational process for high-quality training of specialists reflects the relationship and interaction of scientific approaches to the study of a fundamental problem. Informatization of the educational process was considered in aspects: system, activity and information. The positive factors of informatization of the educational process, which increase the effectiveness of the training of education seekers and factors that contribute to the prompt updating and solving of tasks, filling the content of the educational environment through the use of new technologies, have been determined.

Current situation in radiation oncology residency—Results of a national survey performed by the working group Young DEGRO of the German Society of Radiation Oncology

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the current status of the radiation oncology (RO) residency programs in Germany. For this, RO residents and RO specialists were surveyed regarding the current situation of the RO residency training and the working conditions in Germany.MethodsThe Continuing Education Section of the Young DEGRO (yDEGRO) Working Group of the German Society of Radiation Oncology (DEGRO) developed a survey to assess (1) the overall satisfaction, learning objectives, and teaching methods used during training; and (2) the perception of the importance of specific disease patterns in RO training. Open-ended questions were also asked to elicit opinions on areas for improvement. From 21 November to 27 December 2022, RO residents registered with DEGRO and/or in the working group yDEGRO were invited to participate anonymously in an online questionnaire.ResultsOverall, 97 participants completed the survey, including 65 RO residents (67%) and 32 RO specialists (33%); 66 (68%) of the respondents reported being employed in the university setting, 23 (23.7%) in the non-university setting, and 8 (8.3%) in private practice. Within the training, heterogeneity was found in the teaching methods used. In terms of knowledge transfer, the greatest importance was accorded to annual continuing education discussions with the head of the residency training (92.8%), participation in tumor boards (85.6%), written training concepts (81.4%), and evaluations at the beginning (76.3%) and end of a rotation (80.4%). The arithmetic mean of satisfaction with specialist training was 6/10 points (SD: 1.99); 88.7% of respondents would like to see a nationally uniform and mandatory curriculum in RO residency training.ConclusionThe study provides suggestions for improving RO medical training in Germany: further development of accompanying education and training programs in cooperation with professional associations, e.g., the DEGRO, structured feedback, and supervision.

The Impact of Core Complex Training on Some Basketball-Related Aspects of Physical Strength and Shooting Performance.

Exercises for the core can be categorized as promoting core-stability, core-strength, or functionality, as these are crucial aspects of most sports activities. This study aimed to examine the effects of using core complex training (CCT), complex training (CT), and core exercise (CE) on some aspects of muscle strength and shooting performance in basketball players. The 36 participants were divided into three groups of 12 each, and then the experimental approach was applied to each group. The groups were labeled as follows: the core complex training group (N = 12; age, 18.58 ± 0.67 years; height, 178.08 ± 0.79 cm; weight, 76.42 ± 1.38 kg; training age, 7.42 ± 0.51 years); the complex training group (N = 12; age, 18.50 ± 0.52 years; height, 177.92 ± 1.31 cm; weight, 76.67 ± 1.78 kg; training age, 7.33 ± 0.49 years); and the core exercise group (n = 12; age, 18.42 ± 0.52 years; height, 177.75 ± 1.29 cm; weight, 76.58 ± 1.38 kg; training age, 7.42 ± 0.67 years). For ten weeks, each of the three groups participated in three training sessions every week. This study investigates the impact of core complex training on basketball shooting ability and muscle strength. The eight-week program, consisting of weight training, plyometric exercises, and core exercises, yielded improvements in muscle strength and shooting accuracy. In tests of muscular strength and basketball shooting ability, the CCT group outperformed the CE and CT groups. The F value varied from 3.75 to 58.77, which are function values with a p < 0.05 significance level. The core complex training group exhibited superior muscle strength to that of both the complex training group and the core exercise group, in some areas. This is shown in the results of the javelin quadrathlon medicine ball test, the core muscle strength and stability test, the sit-up abdomen test, the sit-up back test, the standing long jump test, the Sargent jump test, and the shooting test (p < 0.005). Due to the effect of the core complex training program on improving performance efficiency and muscle strength, which affects the results of matches, we have recommended using the proven basic strength training program at other age stages, with the objective of including the concept, importance, and design of compound basic strength training in training programs used by basketball coaches.

ПСИХОСОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ИНФОРМИРОВАННОГО ДОБРОВОЛЬНОГО СОГЛАСИЯ В СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ

The reason for the psychosocial discomfort in the majority of dentists when providing medical care at the present time is not the difficulties in providing dental care and services, namely the changes that have occurred in terms of obtaining informed voluntary, informed, written consent to the invasion of the sphere of physical and personal integrity, as well as the need for a doctor to help comprehend and explain to the patient the conditions, on which medical intervention will be performed. Healthcare organizers and medical workers are often not ready to carry out organizational and psychological changes themselves, and in order to optimize the processes of digitalization, it is necessary to build psychological cross-counseling of workers to overcome difficulties in interacting with patients.&#x0D; The subject of the study is the awareness of doctors about the importance of informed voluntary consent in dental practice.&#x0D; The relevance of this study is due to the need to standardize the process of obtaining informed voluntary consent for medical intervention from patients of dental institutions.&#x0D; The aim of the study is to develop the concept of organizational and psychological determinants that determine the role of IDS in the context of the effectiveness of interaction between a dentist and a patient. &#x0D; Methodology. The general scientific methodology of the study was determined by the following principles of consideration of complex social objects: consistency, determinism, unity of consciousness and activity, development.&#x0D; We relied on the general psychological theory of activity, the concept of the development of professionalism and the image of the professional world. The study used methodological and theoretical foundations of the analysis of labor activity, the concept of group training; the theory of planned and step-by-step formation of actions.&#x0D; Conclusions. The concept of informed consent and its role in dental practice is analyzed. The reasons of insufficient awareness of medical workers and patients as a source of conflict situations and a factor of dissatisfaction of patients in dental practice are investigated. The impact of insufficient patient awareness on various aspects of the work of dental organizations was assessed. Organizational standardized solutions to problems in informing the patient are proposed.

Recommendations for Education in Sonography in Prehospital Emergency Medicine (pPOCUS): Consensus paper of DGINA, DGAI, BAND, BV-ÄLRD, DGU, DIVI and DGIIN

Point-of-care sonography is aprecondition in acute and emergency medicine for the diagnosis and initiation of therapy for critically ill and injured patients. While emergency sonography is amandatory part of the training for clinical acute and emergency medicine, it is not everywhere required for prehospital emergency medicine. Although some medical societies in Germany have already established their own learning concepts for emergency ultrasound, auniform national training concept for the use of emergency sonography in the out-of-hospital setting is still lacking. Experts of several professional medical societies have therefore joined forces and developed astructured training concept for emergency sonography in the prehospital setting. The consensus paper serves as quality assurance in prehospital emergency sonography.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Video Audio Visual Sebagai Inovasi Pembelajaran, Media Ekspresi dan Penunjang Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Seni Budaya Di SMP Negeri 1 Jatirogo

Practically, the subject of Culture and Arts at schools is closely related to the advancement of information technology. However, the utilization remains low, causing the instructional process to be less innovative. Knowledge of art and culture in the subject should be an expressive, interactive, and dynamic lesson if technology is used as one of the teaching-learning media. One example is the creation of audiovisual videos about art and culture. A training was created for selected junior high school students at SMP Negeri 1 Jatirogo to make audiovisual short films. The purpose is to teach knowledge on using one of the latest advancements in information technology, particularly audiovisual video, and a participative learning experience that differs from past techniques. The approach employed is participatory, with students serving as learning resources to improve soft skills and abilities in processing and applying concepts in audiovisual form and training to be autonomous and responsible in the learning process. The outcomes of this program provide new ideas for instructors, particularly Cultural and Arts teachers, to create further learning innovations for more engaging, expressive, and apprehensible class meetings through audiovisuals. Another outcome is that students gain diverse learning experiences, including an understanding of short filmmaking, which is another approach to incorporating arts into learning, particularly in Culture and Arts.

Testing a Proof of Concept of an Online Simulator-Based Training for Facilitators of Evidence-Based Sexual Health Education Interventions: A Small Randomized Trial Involving Making Proud Choices

Well-trained facilitators are critical for prevention programs. However, in-person facilitator training can be expensive and inconvenient. To make facilitator training affordable and accessible, we tested a prototype of online simulator-based training for Making Proud Choices! (MPC) facilitators using a mixed-method approach of survey assessments and observations of teaching. MPC is a leading evidence-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), sexually transmitted infection (STI), and teen pregnancy risk-reduction program. A convenience sample of 53 adults was randomly assigned to receive facilitator training on one MPC activity either via an online simulation or via in-person. Participants completed pre–post-surveys and role-played the activity to demonstrate both fidelity and quality of instruction post-training. Pre–post-survey findings demonstrated that the online simulation group was no different compared to the in-person group for improvement in creating a safe and inclusive environment and for engagement of students. This was not the case for knowledge of the curriculum and steps of proper condom use, self-efficacy, and self-reported handling of some sensitive questions and student whispering. However, we did find comparable pre–post-change between the two groups on these measures. Role-play observation results showed that the online simulation group was no different, and in many cases better, than the in-person group on fidelity and quality indicators. Participants reported high levels of acceptability, likability, and applicability to teach youth about sexual health and safety using the prototype. Findings suggest online simulation training can replicate the learning experience from in-person methods, which, in turn, increases access to effective educator training.

Determining the Perceptions of Fine Arts High School Music Department Students About the Concept of Instrument Training Through the Word Association Test

Determining the Perceptions of Fine Arts High School Music Department Students About the Concept of Instrument Training Through the Word Association Test

Evidence, Availability and Future Visions in Simulation in General and Visceral Surgery

Practice makes perfect - a saying that everyone has certainly heard. Surgeons of all levels of training can demonstrably practice to some extent on simulators. This training outside the operating theatre and independent of patients makes sense, both ethically and financially. Although the effectiveness of simulation in surgery has been proven several times, simulation training is not a mandatory part of surgical specialist training in Germany. Simulation covers a very wide range in terms of application, effort and costs. This review is intended to give an overview of the systems and their areas of application and the target group. The focus lies on the commonly available systems and possible advantages and disadvantages. Practical skills are in the foreground and all three pillars of general and visceral surgery - conventional techniques, laparoscopy and robotics - are taken into account. However, simulators alone do not achieve cost-benefit effectiveness. The full potential of such an investment can only be exploited with a site-specific, structured training concept in which simulation training according to the post-graduate year and appropriate allocation to surgeries in the operating room are closely interlinked. It should always be possible to train basic skills on site. The significant additional costs for complex simulation systems are possible, depending on the financial resources, or should be purchased in a network or for national courses. The techniques of immersive virtual reality in combination with artificial intelligence and deformation algorithms will certainly play a decisive role for the future of simulation, whereby the use of the available systems must be a primary goal. The integration of simulation into specialist training should be striven for, not least in order to justify the costs.

CREATION OF DIGITAL BUILDING DOCUMENTATION BY THE BUILDING TRADE

For the sustainable and efficient use of buildings, the construction and real estate industry needs the relevant data for the operation of the installed building products and technical systems. In the course of digitization in the construction industry, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a promising solution for this, which can be used to link product information with a 3D data model, among other things. In Germany, the building trade plays a central role in the creation of building documentation. Efficient and sustainable building documentation contributes to the achievement of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals, making documentation even more important. In the course of this, the topic of sustainability in the construction industry is assigned greater importance, as concrete templates must also be created for the documentation and evaluation of construction products from a sustainable point of view. As part of the research project "BIM Use Cases in the Building Trade", templates for creating building documentation are being developed in collaboration between the BIM Institute at the University of Wuppertal, the Fraunhofer Institute for Factory Operation and Automation IFF and a total of 14 practice partners. These can then be used by public clients as a basis for client information requirements. In addition, an advanced training concept for the building trade is being developed, which can be used to create model-based building documentation with high efficiency

English Speaking Training to Hotel Staff for a Better Hotel Service Quality

Improving service quality is one of the most crucial issues in surviving in the increasingly competitive global hospitality sector. Communication skills, particularly speaking talents, are necessary to maintain a positive image in the eyes of clients. However, not all hotels employ English-speaking employees. This community service program aims to improve the English communication skills of Alana hotel staff. The training method includes lectures, demonstrations, and role playing. The training concept encompasses hospitality services and complaint management. 10 employees from the front office and cleaning divisions took part in the training. The training results reveal that staff's ability to communicate in English has improved. This is evident from the average pre-test score of 59.3 and the average post-test score of 76.3. This program has been running successfully since it can improve the communication skills among the Alana Hotel Solo staff members, thereby supporting an increase in the professionalism of carrying out daily duties in the workplace. Therefore, it was recommended that the hotel establish a space where staff can practice using English in the workplace.

Course map learning with graph convolutional network based on AuCM

Concept map provides a concise structured representation of knowledge in the educational scenario. It consists of various concepts connected by prerequisite dependencies. With the abundance of educational resources available through MOOCs, encyclopedias, and electronic textbooks, extracting prerequisite dependencies and building concept maps becomes feasible. However, publicly accessible taxonomies or learning object information that can help identify prerequisites are rare. To address this, we have constructed a comprehensive dataset called the Australian Course Map data (AuCM), specifically tailored for training concept maps in the IT/CS field. The dataset comprises course descriptions from 14 different Australian universities. To identify prerequisite relationships between course concepts, we have employed an embedding-based approach that combines the Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) with pairwise features of concepts. We have evaluated the performance of our model with non-neural classifiers and neural networks for extracting these prerequisite relations.

Conception and prospect of talent training of Traditional Chinese Medicine encephalopathy nurse specialists

Conception and prospect of talent training of Traditional Chinese Medicine encephalopathy nurse specialists

Augmented Reality Holographic Visualization System for Surgery Auxiliary Visualization: Proof of Concept for Surgical Training.

An Augmented Reality (AR) system based on the holographic projection of the relevant anatomic structures is proposed for auxiliary visualization during surgeries. The current two-dimensional visualization systems require the surgeons to mentally extract the associated three-dimensional information during the interventions, which entails risks and complications. This work shows an AR holographic projection system for real-time three-dimensional representation of the relevant surgical information, thus overcoming this problem. As an initial proof of concept, the system is experimentally assessed as potential surgery training tool.Clinical Relevance- This work explores the potential of AR holographic projection systems for intraoperative assistance to the surgical team, starting from its possible use as surgery training and planning tool.

Extraction of Phrase-based Concepts in Vulnerability Descriptions through Unsupervised Labeling

Software vulnerabilities, once disclosed, can be documented in vulnerability databases, which have great potential to advance vulnerability analysis and security research. People describe the key characteristics of software vulnerabilities in natural language mixed with domain-specific names and concepts. This textual nature poses a significant challenge for the automatic analysis of vulnerability knowledge embedded in text. Automatic extraction of key vulnerability aspects is highly desirable but demands significant effort to manually label data for model training. In this article, we propose unsupervised methods to label and extract important vulnerability concepts in textual vulnerability descriptions (TVDs). We focus on six types of phrase-based vulnerability concepts (vulnerability type, vulnerable component, root cause, attacker type, impact, and attack vector) as they are much more difficult to label and extract than name- or number-based entities (i.e., vendor, product, and version). Our approach is based on a key observation that the same-type of phrases, no matter how they differ in sentence structures and phrase expressions, usually share syntactically similar paths in the sentence parsing trees. Specifically, we present a source-target neural architecture that learns the Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging to identify a token’s functional role within TVDs, where the source neural model is trained to capture common features found in the TVD corpus, and the target model is trained to identify linguistically malformed words specific to the security domain. Our evaluation confirms that the proposed tagger outperforms (4.45%–5.98%) the taggers designed on natural language notions and identifies a broad set of TVDs and natural language contents. Then, based on the key observations, we propose two path representations (absolute paths and relative paths) and use an auto-encoder to encode such syntactic similarities. To address the discrete nature of our paths, we enhance the traditional Variational Auto-encoder (VAE) with Gumble-Max trick for categorical data distribution and thus create a Categorical VAE (CaVAE). In the latent space of absolute and relative paths, we further apply unsupervised clustering techniques to generate clusters of the same-type of concepts. Our evaluation confirms the effectiveness of our CaVAE, which achieves a small (85.85) log-likelihood for encoding path representations and the accuracy (83%–89%) of vulnerability concepts in the resulting clusters. The resulting clusters accurately label six types of vulnerability concepts from a TVD corpus in an unsupervised way. Furthermore, these labeled vulnerability concepts can be mapped back to the corresponding phrases in the original TVDs, which produce labels of six types of vulnerability concepts. The resulting labeled TVDs can be used to train concept extraction models for other TVD corpora. In this work, we present two concept extraction methods (concept classification and sequence labeling model) to demonstrate the utility of the unsupervisedly labeled concepts. Our study shows that models trained with our unsupervisedly labeled vulnerability concepts outperform (3.9%–5.14%) those trained with the two manually labeled TVD datasets from previous work due to the consistent boundary and typing by our unsupervised labeling method.

On the State of Training in Parent-Infant/Toddler Psychotherapy in Germany

Regulation disorders in early childhood and postpartum mental disorders of parents can be effectively treated by interventions that involve parents and child (so-called parent-infant psychotherapy, PIP). Availability of PIP in routine care remains low, even though the intervention is in high demand. This study aims to map the current situation of psychotherapy training in PIP in Germany, to record existing obstacles from the perspective of the institutes, and to obtain indications for improving training. Contact persons of training institutes all over Germany were invited to participate in an online survey. N = 95 persons answered questions about possible training in PIP and related advantages and hurdles as well as conditions for a future implementation. Nineteen (22.4 %) of the institutions indicated that PIP was part of their training concept. In 84.2 % of the cases this was aimed at child and adolescent psychotherapists. In 63.6 % of the institutes PIP was treated comprehensively. On average, 2.55 barriers were perceived, most frequently of an organizational nature. 75.9 % of the institutes that did not yet offer PIP would be willing to do so in the future under at least one condition. Among those conditions, information on PIP curricula and specific training content was most frequent (40.7 %).The low implementation of PIP in training seems to be mainly due to barriers of an organizational nature that can be overcome by some simple means, such as the dissemination of model curricula.

IKNOWgynetics - A web-based learning concept to empower primary care gynecologists to participate in the care of patients with a family history of breast and ovarian cancer.

Familial cancer burden and genetics play an increasingly important role in the early detection and prevention of gynecological cancers. However, people with hereditary cancer risks are often identified late when they already have cancer. We aimed at developing and evaluating a training concept for primary care gynecologists-iKNOWgynetics-to improve their knowledge and awareness of genetic cancer syndromes and their ability to identify patients with increased familial cancer risks based on up-to-date evidence and current guidelines (in Germany, primary care includes all doctors treating patients on an outpatient basis without a clear separation of the expertise of the doctor or of their specialty). Starting off with a needs assessment among primary care gynecologists, we developed and evaluated an online training concept-using a web-based learning platform in combination with a live virtual seminar-to convey practice-relevant knowledge about familial cancer. After registration, participants get access to the web-based learning platform (www.iknowgynetics.de) to prepare for the virtual seminars and to use it as online reference to re-access the contents after the training. Evaluation included multiple-choice (MC) questions on knowledge and participants' self-efficacy to implement the acquired knowledge, which were administered in a pre-post design. Of 109 participants, 103 (94.5%) filled out pre- and post-questionnaires. Eighty-five participants were gynecologists in primary care from Berlin (81.2%) and Brandenburg (18.8%) and had an average of 24.1 years (SD = 8.5 years) of professional experience. After the training, participants answered significantly more knowledge questions correctly (M = 15.2 of 17, SD = 1.3) than before (M = 13.8 of 17, SD = 1.7) (p < 0.01) and felt more confident to be able to apply referral criteria for specialized counseling in practice (p < 0.001). The online-based training iKNOWgynetics considers the busy schedule of primary care gynecologists and supports them in acquiring practice-relevant information on familial cancer risks and on how to identify healthy persons at risk, which may ultimately help to improve the prevention of gynecological cancers. In future studies, the reported concept could be transferred to other entities.

The outcomes of postgraduate palliative care education and training: assessment and comparison of nurses and physicians

BackgroundWithin Germany, there is a heterogeneous range of training and continuing education in palliative care for different professional groups. The German Society for Palliative Medicine (DGP), together with the German Hospice and Palliative Care Association (DHPV), have defined quality requirements for postgraduate training in palliative care. These requirements include the evaluation of course structures and the assessment of outcomes.AimTo assess the ‘learning gains’ in palliative care nurses and physicians undertaking continuing education programmes, and evaluate the structures and processes. To identify if/how the continuing education programmes could be improved.Material and methodsThe development of Nurses’ and Physicians’ learning was determined using a retrospective self-assessment procedure. The evaluation was based on learning objectives developed in the DGP Education Working Group, using a six-point Likert scale for each item, and space for ‘free-text’ comments. Assessments were conducted after training.ResultsFive hundred twenty nine self-assessments were recorded (456 nurses / 73 physicians). An increase in learning is demonstrated in all areas (knowledge, skills, social and self-competence) for each profession. The greatest gain was in symptom control. However, there were significant differences in the extent of learning gains between nurses and physicians.ConclusionAnalysis suggests current training results in improvements, but personal competences progress less than knowledge and skills. One way to improve this would be to introduce more interprofessional continuing education elements. Evaluation, as a basis for improving training concepts, is essential for continual development.

Tafakkur: A Contemplation of Students’ Spiritual and Emotional Intelligence (in The Perspective of Sufism &amp; Transpersonal Psychology)

The phenomenon of the educational process creates students who frequently feel fatigue/boredom which has an impact on increasing levels of anxiety, suppression, repression, and depression. Various learning methods are applied to be able to overcome the boredom/burden of fluctuating thoughts and emotions, namely through implementing changes that tend to involve one's personal internal strength. The practice of contemplation is a training concept that is integrated with several schools. The purpose of this academic paper is to advance the concept of tafakkur in the discipline of education and establish a framework for developing instruments that enhance students' emotional and spiritual intelligence. Employing a qualitative research approach with a literature review and examination of information from Islamic scientific sources (the Qur'an and the Sunnah), as well as contemporary Islamic literature and Western literature for comparison. Description of a few previous research investigations on student therapy for anxiety and depression. Conclusions of the analysis of the concept of tafakkur from two perspectives, namely Sufism and transpersonal psychology, provide the foundation for thinking about school students' learning theory, which is inherent in the Islamic religious education curriculum because the content of tafakkur learning activities can present tawhid values, which function as the primary fundamentals of Islamic religious education. The utilization of tafakkur as a teaching tool will assist students to focus on their studies, which has implications for improving their spiritual and emotional intelligence. This provides students a strong soul and mentality as well as enables them to deal with the pressures and challenges of both the present and the future periods of globalization.