Concept Of Information Science Research Articles

Algorithmic counterspaces: exploring Afro-Latino youth information practices using TikTok

PurposeThis paper investigates the digital information practices of Afro-Latino youth, focusing on their engagement with mental health content on TikTok. It aims to understand how racial and ethnic identity dimensions shape their information behaviors in digital spaces.Design/methodology/approachEmploying qualitative methods, the study involved interviews with thirteen Afro-Latino teens. This exploratory approach, draws connections between Afro-Latino identity and information practices using three constructs: (i) typology of information practices, (ii) intersectionality, and (iii) assemblages.FindingsThe study reveals that Afro-Latino youth actively construct “information assemblages” and “algorithmic counterspaces” on TikTok, enabling them to engage with content that resonates with their identities. However, it also highlights the challenges posed by these spaces' temporary and algorithm-dependent nature in maintaining consistent engagement with mental health information.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is limited by its small sample size and focus on a single platform, which may affect generalizability. Future research should explore other platforms, and draw a deeper distinction between content creators and other users.Practical implicationsThis paper underscores the need for designers and educators to prioritize the importance of algorithmic literacy and design affordances that empower users to transparently understand algorithmic functionality, so as to support on-going engagement with algorithmic counterspaces.Originality/valueThis research offers novel insights into the digital information practices of Afro-Latino youth, a typically underrepresented group in academic research. It introduces new concepts in information science and digital media studies, highlighting the importance of intersectional identities in digital information practices.

The intricate web: network and rhizome metaphors in hypertext and the web and the epistemic challenge of fake news

PurposeThis article analyses the structure of hypertext and the world wide web through the contrasting metaphors of the network and the rhizome and applies that analysis to the epistemic challenge presented by fake news.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is a critical and theoretical study of the development of concepts in information science. It outlines the limitations of the network metaphor and analyses the ways in which it has influenced both the development and critical understanding of the World Wide Web and its wider social and cultural consequences. The paper develops an alternative description of the ontological structure of the Web in terms of interrupted and dissipated energy flows.FindingsThe paper argues that the Web is better described as a dynamic reorganization of the socio-cultural system that has no determinate boundaries and which is constituted properly in the spaces between technologies and the spaces between persons.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to and extends research into the rhizomic nature of hypertext and the Word Wide Web and in understanding the role of metaphor in descriptions of hypertext and the web.

Intersectional Information Work Practices: Surfacing Care amidst COVID-19.

This paper brings together and enriches the heretofore dispersed literature on information work and information practices. It does so under the auspices of Critical Race Theory (CRT), specifically intersectionality, and care work. Using the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States as the context for an exploratory, qualitative case study, we propose the concept of intersectional information work practices (IIWP) to denote the cluster of information-centric tasks in which Black women carers engaged. Seeking, scanning, searching, monitoring, finding, receiving, retrieving, using, and sharing information-Black women carers performed each of these IIWPs in dealing with health care providers, tests, illness and treatment, wellness, logistics, and avoiding misinformation. An IIWP lens sheds light on the too often invisible labor of Black women carers. Such a lens also brings into high relief the importance of scrutinizing power and (in)equity, race, gender, and class in exploring foundational Information Science concepts.

Vocabularies for Publishing Research Data

ABSTRACT Research data are essential for the development of science, and one of the issues to be addressed is its organization and representation. Based on these basic concepts of Information Science, we seek to explore the Data Catalog Vocabulary (DCAT) and the vocabularies used by it in the context of research data publication. We assert that the use of metadata vocabularies to represent research data is necessary to improve access, findability, interoperability, and the retrieval of datasets. We verify that DCAT enables the standardization of catalogs and datasets through specific terms for this purpose, presenting itself as an adequate vocabulary to represent the research data.

Reconciling Authority and Agency through Information Practices Research

AbstractAuthority and Agency have been central concepts in information science since its beginnings in 19th century documentalism. This paper begins with a brief historical overview of how these concepts have been constructed in the traditional and user‐centred paradigms. It will then explore how an information practices perspective affords the possibility of seeing authority and agency not as oppositional but rather as synergistic: two sides of the same theoretical coin. This exploration will be contextualised by examples drawn from the author's own research over more than two decades across a range of studies. This body of research includes studies of academic, artistic and serious leisure communities.

Measuring information flow among international stock markets: An approach of entropy-based networks on multi time-scales

Information flow among stock markets leads to the co-movement of stock prices and even the financial risk contagion globally. Measuring information flow on multi time-scales helps to develop optimal portfolio strategy for market participants and establish targeted financial regulation for policy makers, but is a challenge for traditional econometrics. This study aims to construct the information flow networks on multi time-scales among international stock markets. First, we use the data of 31 stock market indices during 2007 to 2018, and decompose each of stock index series into short and mid-long time-scale components by empirical mode decomposition (EMD). Then, we extend a novel concept in information science, called transfer entropy (TE), to measure information flow and characterize causality structure between two stock markets, and find that information flows inside of EU stock markets only cluster on short time-scale but not on mid-long time-scale. Moreover, both out-node and in-node centrality measurements for developed markets in the entropy-based networks are much higher on short time-scale, indicating that these markets are more dominant but more vulnerable to short-term risk contagion. Finally, based on the minimum spanning tree (MST) model, we extract the most probable risk contagion paths from entropy-based networks. The results show that outflow MSTs on short time-scale follow a star-like structure to precipitate the risk contagion in the international stock markets, especially during crisis period (2007∼2010). Overall, we emphasize the financial risk contagion on short time-scale.

Analysis and Application of Formal Concept in Information Science

Based on Information Science, new mechanism, two types and basic characteristics of information processing are discussed in the paper. Besides, as a new method of unsteady information processing, the paper not only introduces some basic ideas, concepts, techniques of formal concept analysis (FCA) and Galois liaison but also expounds the feasibility of formal concept analysis for knowledge representation and knowledge acquisition through examples. Finally, the application and research progress of formal concept analysis in information science are further analyzed in the paper.

Arquitetura para integração de bibliotecas digitais geográficas por meio de mecanismos de geoprocessamento no contexto da ciência da informação

Objetivo: Construir uma arquitetura conceitual, com elementos para a criação de uma Biblioteca Digital Geográfica, utilizando os padrões e os conceitos da Ciência da Informação em conjunto com o Geoprocessamento.Método: Por meio de um estudo teórico, exploratório e bibliográfico nas áreas de Ciência da Informação e Geoprocessamento, foi possível desenvolver um modelo conceitual de arquitetura para a Biblioteca Digital Geográfica. A proposta foi estruturada em três camadas: a Cliente, responsável pelo processo de visualização; a Aplicação, que possui os processos de gerenciamento e análise; e a camada de dados, que contempla os serviços Web de dados, com foco na recuperação de metadados, via protocolo PMH (Protocol Metadata Harvesting).Resultado: A arquitetura conceitual criada atendeu os requisitos de representação da informação, as formas de comunicação com o protocolo de coleta de metadados e objetos digitais, possibilitando assim, o compartilhamento dos acervos informacionais geográficos distribuídos em diferentes Bibliotecas Digitais Geográficas ao redor do mundo. Os elementos informacionais enfocados no Geoprocessamento e as formas de representação temática e descritiva, de organização e recuperação de informação da Ciência da Informação confirmou-se o potencial de utilização recíproca e compartilhada de conceitos e ferramentas destas duas áreas.Conclusões: Os principais aspectos da pesquisa foram: com a implantação das três camadas e quatro processos, é possível a utilização de sistema de informações geográficas e aplicativos de interface ao usuário para facilitar o processo de compartilhamento e recuperação da informação. A utilização do gerenciador e do padrão de metadados proporciona a recuperação de informação precisa, juntamente com o editor de geo-ontologia único para todas as bibliotecas participantes.

INVESTIGATION OF THE STATE OF USING EDUCATIONAL COMPUTER INTERACTIVE SIMULATORS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE INFORMATIONAL AND EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT FOR PREPARATION BACHELORS IN AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

The article presents the study of using educational interactive computer simulators in the conditions of the informational and educational environment for preparation bachelors in agricultural engineering. There are considered the concept of information science and educational environment, educational interactive computer simulator, defined, what skills should be mastered by bachelors in agricultural engineering. It is presented the classification of educational interactive computer simulators. Educational interactive computer simulators can be divided into test, graphic, animated and gamificated training simulators. The use of each type in accordance with the purpose of the discipline provides a wide range of mastering engineering skills for bachelors in agricultural engineering. There are presented the statistical data of the questionnaire of tutors of the speciality “Agricultural engineering”. On the basis of the received data, there is an opportunity to correct the educational content, forms and methods of its submission in the conditions of the informational and educational environment and to choose educational interactive computer simulators for preparation of training courses for preparation of bachelors in agricultural engineering.

Implications of the embodied, enactive mind on theorizing about information experience

ABSTRACTInformation Experience is a recent and growing concept in Information Science that is proposed as a holistic approach to explicitly examine the human experience of information interactions, including an individual's perceptual, cognitive and embodied experience. Valuable to this discussion is setting out a suitable philosophical position about the conception of the mind. This paper proposes that the concepts of embodied cognition and the non‐representational, enactive mind are necessary conceptions of mind for an adequate theoretical account of Information Experience. Furthering this discussion, the concept of information as an enactive cognitive phenomenon is explored, as constructed by the individual, embodied by their experience and contextually situated. These conceptions will provide a foundation for further development of the emerging field of information experience, and prove thought provoking for the Information Science field generally in the development of new approaches to the ways we use and share information in our communities and the future technologies we build for this.

Os conceitos de apropriação: contribuições à Ciência da Informação

O conceito de apropriação tem sido muito utilizado na Ciência da Informação em relação a diferentes situações: apropriação da informação, de bens culturais, de espaço, de dispositivos tecnológicos, dentre outros. Esse fato nos faz indagar sobre o sentido do conceito nessa área. Por isso, este trabalho tem como objetivo sistematizar referências sobre o conceito de apropriação em diferentes áreas do conhecimento, diferenciando-o de outros, como adaptação, assimilação, interiorização, incorporação e transmissão. A partir dessas referências, são destacados conceitos-chave pertinentes aos usos do conceito em Ciência da Informação. Como método de trabalho, foi feita uma revisão de literatura em diferentes disciplinas em que o conceito é utilizado. Como resultado, são sistematizadas as principais contribuições sobre apropriação que têm relevância e pertinência à Ciência da Informação.Palavras-chave: Apropriação. Conceito. Ciência da Informação.Link: https://seer.ufrgs.br/EmQuestao/article/view/74317

Information society as a scientific-conceptual-practionological paradigm of the development of the global information system of the XXI century

The relevance of the research topic is that the essence and importance of informatics is revealed, which is a theoretical and practical basis for information management of the organization. The essence of information science as the most important paradigm of the 21st century is revealed, which influences the development of the Internet as a global information system. The main goal is the conceptualization of information science as the basis for information management of the organization in the conditions of the formation and development of the global information system. Methodology is an informational approach that allows deep penetration into the essence of the information society and reveals its problems. The research is based on the identification of the principle of the development of the global information system, based on information support for the management of the organization. Conclusion - the concepts of information science as the basis of information support for the management of an organization in the conditions of the formation and development of a global information system are disclosed; the evolution of the Internet as a global information system; the directions of information support of the organization management in the conditions of the global information system are revealed. It is reported that information science contributes to the national interests of highly developed countries, improves the manageability of the economy, serves the development of science-intensive industries and high technologies, increases labor productivity, improves socio-economic relations, enriches spiritual life and further democratizes society

Modeling the spread of computer virus via Caputo fractional derivative and the beta-derivative

The concept of information science is inevitable in the human development as science and technology has become the driving force of all economics. The connection of one human being during epidemics is vital and can be studied using mathematical principles. In this study, a well-recognized model of computer virus by Piqueira et al. (J Comput Sci 1:31−34, 2005) and Piqueira and Araujo (Appl Math Comput 2(213):355−360, 2009) is investigated through the Caputo and beta-derivatives. A less detail of stability analysis was discussed on the extended model. The analytical solution of the extended model was solved via the Laplace perturbation method and the homotopy decomposition technique. The sequential summary of each of iteration method for the extend model was presented. Using the parameters in Piqueira and Araujo (Appl Math Comput 2(213):355−360, 2009), some numerical simulation results are presented.

The Encyclopedia Gallica of Events - or Why Geographic Information Science Is Not Like Physics

GIScience 2016 Short Paper Proceedings The Encyclopedia Gallica of Events (or Why Geographic Information Science is Not Like Physics) H. Couclelis University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA 93106-4060, USA Email: cook@geog.ucsb.edu Abstract As a contribution towards the further development of user-centered information systems, I present an argument for a contextual and subjective view of events and related concepts in information science that is distinct from the factual view prevalent in empirical science and everyday life. The central notion is that of ‘R-Event’, where ‘R’ stands for ‘Relevant’. Drawing on representations of process such as dynamic models or AI approaches to problem-solving and planning, R-Events would improve the precision and value of search results by foregrounding and ranking information about events of high relevance to the user. There is no suggestion here that this proposal is easily implementable. It is offered at this stage as a potentially fruitful thought experiment. 1. Introduction The title is one that Borges would have loved 1 . Had he written the story of the Encyclopedia Gallica of Events, this would have also included processes, perdurants, occurrences, and non-events. And the Encyclopedia in question would have had to be infinite in length, and self-contradictory. I will argue that in an informational (as opposed to an empirical) context, (a), the above concepts do not refer to intersubjectively definable individuals and (b), unlike most other abstract concepts, the things these refer to are not free-standing notions but binary relations connecting information source and observer, and depending on the specific interest the latter has in certain detectable state(s) or change(s) in the world. Thus the news of my birth signaled a momentous event for my family (and a very real painful process for my mother) – but for the rest of humanity the fact of my birth was a non-event, barely registering as a blip of plus-one added to some country’s population. Similarly, major flooding in south-eastern Tajikistan may be an empirical fact, but it is an event if you are in the business of importing cotton from that area, a process if you are in charge of evacuating local populations, an occurrence if you are tabulating floods in Central Asia, and noise if south-eastern Tajikistan is not among the things you care about. Similar kinds of context-dependency also hold for the endurant-perdurant distinction, and as has been argued repeatedly over the years, also in the case of fields and objects. Information systems sensitive to user-centered semantics should be able to make these determinations. 2. On Science and Metascience It may be useful to distinguish clearly between the empirical sciences that directly measure and represent phenomena in the world, and the information sciences (which are meta-sciences) that process and present information about these phenomena in ways that meet and support the interests and purposes of information users. These are really two different epistemic layers, with different See Borges (1939) The Total Library; Borges (1943) The Library of Babel; and the “certain Chinese Encyclopedia” in Borges (1952) The Analytical Language of John Wilkins.

BUILDING AN ADVANCE DOMAIN ONTOLOGY MODEL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE (OIS)

The paper describes the process of modelling domain knowledge of Information Science (IS) by creating an Ontology of Information Science domain (OIS). It also reports on the life cycle of the ontology building process using Methontology, based on the IEEE standard for development software life cycle process, which mainly consists of: specification, conceptualization, formalization, implementation, maintenance and evaluation. The information resource used in acquisition and evaluation has been obtained from Information Science. The conceptualization consists of identifying IS concepts and grouping them into a hierarchy tree based on a faceted classification scheme. The OIS ontology is formalized by using the ontology editor Protege to generate the ontology code. The achieved result is OIS ontology which has fourteen facets: Actors, Method, Practice, Studies, Mediator, Kinds, Domains, Resources, Legislation, Philosophy & Theories, Societal, Tool, Time and Space. The model is evaluated using ontology quality criteria to check the ontology’s usefulness, and how it could be transferred into application ontology for Information Science education.

Content and process concepts relevant to computer science education: A cross-cultural study

The development of a K–12 computer science curriculum based on constructivist principles needs to be informed by knowledge of content and process concepts that are central to the discipline of computer science. These central concepts play an important role in multiple domains of computer science, can be taught on every intellectual level, will be relevant on the long term, and are related to everyday language and/or thinking. Two empirically based catalogues of central concepts of information science (content and process concepts) have recently been developed and validated for the German context. Examples of central content concepts are problem, model, and algorithm; examples of central process concepts are analyzing, categorizing, and classifying. Taking a cross-cultural approach, this study compares the combinations of content and process concepts identified as important in Germany with those considered relevant in the US context. Results show that (1) the combinations identified in Germany can be generalized to the US context, (2) other combinations can be identified in the US context that are also important in the German context, and (3) the combinations of content and process concepts identified in the two contexts can be integrated to generate a broader perspective that is valid for both contexts.

The changed and changing ADI/ASIS/ASIS&T after 75 years

AbstractEditor's SummaryA review of the history and growth of ASIS&T since its origin as the American Documentation Institute (ADI) reflects the development of the concept of information science. Spearheaded by Watson Davis in 1937, the ADI focused on micro‐photographic techniques and bibliography and on documentation principles and practices. Despite a shaky start and meager funding, the ADI adapted to new technologies, terminology and subject analysis methods, and started the journal American Documentation in 1950. Growth in science research in the '50s and '60s sparked an explosion of technical reports, prompting coordination with the Special Libraries Association and other groups and leading to a demand for more specialized professional skills, which was met in the '60s and '70s by expansion and focus on education in information science. The membership shifted to a majority in academia and shrinking minority in industry, and debate continued over the geographic scope and name of the organization, which added “and Technology” to its name in 2000. American Documentation transitioned in stages into the Journal of the American Society for Information and Technology, while the Bulletin and Annual Review were added, and annual conferences provided another educational resource. The publications became the basis of an arrangement with the publisher Wiley that would stabilize finances. Over 75 years, from ADI to ASIS to ASIS&T, the organization has met the evolving needs of the information science and technology community.

Value and context in data use: Domain analysis revisited

Abstract“Context” is an elusive concept in Information Science –often invoked, and yet rarely explained. In this paper we take a domain analytic approach to examine five sub‐disciplines within Earth Systems Science to show how the contexts of data production and use impact the value of data. We argue simply that the value of research data increases with their use. Our analysis is informed by two economic perspectives: first, that data production needs to be situated within a broader information economy; and second, that the concept of anti‐fragility helps explain how data increase in value through exposure to diverse contexts of use. We discuss the importance of these perspectives for the development of information systems capable of facilitating interdisciplinary scientific work, as well as the design of sustainable cyberinfrastructures.

Introductory Concepts in Information Science (2nd ed.)

Introductory Concepts in Information Science (2nd ed.)

Idea Collider: From a theory of knowledge organization to a theory of knowledge interaction

AbstractEditor's SummaryA new and novel addition to core concepts of information science and technology is the Idea Collider, adapting the conceptual basis of the particle accelerator. The Idea Collider is presented as a theory of information and an information retrieval tool that deconstructs text to the underlying elements – the concepts, ideas, knowledge entities, taxons and knowledge bases – and then reconstitutes groupings of data. The authors champion the idea of a “multiverse of knowledge,” in contrast to the “universe of knowledge” that is an important metaphor in traditional classification theory. A historical review of outstanding theoretical landmarks in classification theory explores the universe of knowledge metaphor, faceted classification theory and the universe of concepts, moving from a holistic view of existing knowledge to an elemental deconstruction that can account for all knowledge, past and future. The Idea Collider is proposed as a theoretical approach to identifying the essential parts of knowledge, dissociating those elements from culture‐ and time‐bound dimensions and making them available for a bottom‐up reassembly process.