Various Concentrations Of Electrolytes Research Articles

Effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol on body weight and brain electrolytes in the chicken.

Baby chicks were administered daily injections of δ 9-THC and records were kept of their body weight. The drug produced a marked decrease in weight gain. At 3 weeks of age, these animals were sacrificed and the concentration of various electrolytes in their brains was determined, along with another group of drug-naive animals. There were no differences in electrolyte concentrations for the chronically treated animals, but sodium and potassium levels were markedly increased in the acute group.

Desorption Potentials of Alkyl Alcohols and Specific Adsorption of Anions

Abstract The potentials of desorption of various alkyl alcohols have been studied as a function of concentration of alcohol and of the nature and concentration of various electrolytes. Specific adsorption of the electrolyte ions is reflected in shifts of the desorption peaks of the alcohols. At anodic potentials, the order of specific adsorption appears to be chloride > sulfate >perchlorate > fluoride, and at cathodic potentials (vs. S. C. E.), chloride > perchlorate > sulfate > fluoride.

Gustatory Response by the Imported Fire Ant to Various Electrolytes

The gustatory response of Solenopsis sacvissima richteri Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) to 100-millimolar concentrations of various electrolytes was determined to establish the ants' order of preference. The results were obtained by counting the ants drinking each solution at 4 consecutive 15-minute intervals. The greatest responses were to the carbonates and hydroxides. The order of preference for the cations was Zn++> Mg++> NH4 +> Ca++= Al+++= Ba++> Cu++> H+≥ Li+≥ K+> Fe+++. The preference for sodium was variable. In general, most electrolytes were less acceptable than water. At 1-millimolar concentrations most of the electrolytes failed to elicit a response different from that to water.

Proteinpolysaccharide Complex from Bovine Nasal Cartilage: A Comparison of low and high shear extraction procedures

Two procedures for isolating 80 to 85% of the total hexuronic acid from bovine nasal cartilage as proteinpolysaccharide complex are described and compared. The first method, termed disruptive, extracts the complex by exhaustive high speed homogenization of the tissue in salt solutions of low ionic strength; proteinpolysaccharides used in most previous investigations were extracted similarly. The preparation is then purified by precipitation as the cetylpyridinium salt. The second method, termed dissociative, avoids shear by extracting proteinpolysaccharides into solvents containing optimal concentrations of various electrolytes and then utilizes equilibrium density gradient sedimentation to remove glycoprotein and soluble collagen. The effects of pH, temperature, and nature and concentration of electrolyte on the efficiency of dissociative extraction are presented; of the parameters investigated, only the type and concentration of electrolyte appear to be critical. Although both procedures yield products which exhibit bimodal distributions of sedimentation coefficients in the ultracentrifuge, the disruptive method denatures the macromolecules and decreases their average sedimentation coefficients. The faster sedimenting mode reversibly disaggregates under dissociative extraction conditions, suggesting that disaggregation is fundamental to the extraction process. Aggregation appears to be effected through strong ionic interactions; however, reduction and alkylation of cystine residues prevents reaggregation, suggesting that the interaction also depends on the conformation of protein moieties of the macromolecules.

Nonionic surface-active compounds. V. Effect of electrolyte

The effect of electrolyte on the micellar properties in aqueous solution of a series of polyoxyethylene derivatives of lauryl and tridecyl alcohols, and of nonyl phenol, has been studied. Changes in the critical micelle concentration and micellar size have been followed as a function of concentration of various electrolytes. The critical micelle concentration (c.m.c.) is lowered in a way comparable with that observed with ionic surface-active agents, but there is little increase in micellar size, except with the least soluble compounds. With more soluble compounds, in fact, there appears to be a slight decrease in micellar size. Many of the data can be explained in terms of a positive double layer charge arising from hydronium ion formation.

CXXIII.—The relative concentrations of various electrolytes required to salt out soap solutions

Download options Please wait... Article information DOI https://doi.org/10.1039/JR9262900893 Article type Paper Download Citation J. Chem. Soc., 1926,129, 893-898 BibTex EndNote MEDLINE ProCite ReferenceManager RefWorks RIS Permissions Request permissions CXXIII.—The relative concentrations of various electrolytes required to salt out soap solutions J. W. McBain and A. V. Pitter, J. Chem. Soc., 1926, 129, 893 DOI: 10.1039/JR9262900893 To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page. If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page. Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content. Search articles by author James William McBain Albert Vincent Pitter