Concentration Of Selenium Nanoparticles Research Articles

Environmentally friendly nano-selenium to improve antioxidant system and growth of groundnut cultivars under sandy soil conditions

Abstract Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) as environmental friendly agent were applied for induces enhancement in the growth of three different groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars (NC, Gregory and Giza 6). The tested cultivars are different at biochemical and physiological levels. Foliar application of SeNPs (0, 20 and 40 ppm) was applied during vegetative stage. Foliar application of SeNPs (0, 20 and 40 ppm) was applied during vegetative stage. Effect of SeNPs on growth depends upon the used concentration of selenium nanoparticles and groundnut cultivar. Application of SeNPs improved growth of Gerogory cv. and Giza 6 cv., respectively, while the growth parameters of NC cv. were relatively negative affected by SeNPs treatments. The effects of SeNPs on growth of groundnut cultivars were linked with physiological and biochemical plant properties i.e. the changes in photosynthetic pigments, lipid peroxidation, antioxidants enzymes (catalase, peroxidase and ascorbic acid peroxidase), total phenols, total flavonoids and total soluble sugars. Generally, nano selenium act as stimulator and/or stressor enhanced the antioxidant defense systems in tested groundnut cultivars leads to the improvement of plant tolerance under sandy soil conditions.

Impact of selenium nano-particles in semen extender on bull sperm quality after cryopreservation

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding different concentrations of selenium nano-particles (Se-NPs) in semen extender on bull sperm cryopreservation. Five healthy, fertile Friesian bulls were used, and the ejaculates were obtained using an artificial vagina. Semen of all bulls were pooled and diluted in a tris-yolk fructose (TYF) extender supplemented with Se-NPs at concentrations of 0 (T1, control), 0.5 (T2), 1.0 (T3) and 1.5 (T4) μg/ml for a final sperm concentration of 80 × 106 sperm cells/ml. Diluted semen was packed in straws (0.25 ml) and stored in liquid nitrogen (−196 °C) for one month. After thawing, semen of each treatment was evaluated for sperm quality parameters, including sperm progressive motility, livability, morphological abnormalities, plasma membrane integrity and chromatin integrity. Apoptosis and sperm ultrastructure were also examined. Total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation markers were determined in seminal plasma of semen in each treatment. Finally, the effect of Se-NPs on fertilization capacity was checked in vivo using n = 81cows. Results showed that T2 and T3 had a positive effect (P < 0.05) on post-thawing sperm progressive motility, livability and membrane integrity as compared with the control. Percentage of viable sperm increased (P < 0.05), while percentages of early apoptotic, apoptotic and necrotic sperm cells decreased (P < 0.05) in T3 as compared to T1. Total antioxidants capacity (TAC) in seminal plasma increased (P < 0.05) and malondialdhyde (MDA) concentration decreased (P < 0.01) in T3 as compared to T1, but did not differ in T4 from that in T1. In vivo fertility rate was higher in T3 (90%) than in T1 (59%).In conclusion, enrichment of semen extender with Se-NPs at a concentration of 1.0 μg/ml improved post-thaw sperm quality of Holstein bulls, and consequently in vivo fertility rate by reducing apoptosis, lipid peroxidation and sperm damage occurring by cryopreservation.

SCOLICIDAL EFFICACY OF SELENIUM NANOPARTICLES AGAINST PROTOSCOLECES OF HYDATID CYST

The hydatid disease known as hydatidosis or echinococcosis is a cyclozoonotic disease widely distributed in the viscera and other organs of humans and animals. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of different concentrations of selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) (100, 250 and 500μg/ml), albendazole sulfoxide (ABZ sulfoxide) (50μg/ml) andNaCl 0.9% as control with different exposure times (10, 20, 30, 60 min and 3 days) on protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus). They were cultured in test tubes containing RPMI 1640 medium. Viability was examined by use of 0.1% eosin solution and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed for different samples. Exposure to Se NPs at 100μg/ml had a scolicidal effect 100% after 60 min and 3 days only while they killed 93.7%, 95.3%,98.7% at 10, 20 & 30 min application respectively. Also, on exposure to a concentration of 250 μg/ml, the scolicidal activity of Se NPs was 100% after 20, 30, 60 min and 3 days while it was 99.7% after 10 min. On exposure to a concentration of 500μg/ml of Se NPs, all protoscoleces (100%) were killed at all times. Furthermore, exposure to albendazole sulfoxide exhibited partial scolicidal efficacy. SEM of different samples showed obvious alterations with Se NPs 500 μg after 3 days of exposure included invaginated scolex, degenerated rostellum and more severe affection of internal tissue with loss of integrity of the tegument and appearance of blebs.

HsDNA groove binding, photocatalytic activity, and in vitro breast and colon cancer cell reducing function of greener SeNPs.

Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have attracted great attention because of their superior optical properties and wide utilization in biological and biomedical studies. This paper reports an environmentally benign procedure of greener monodispersible SeNP synthesis using the reducing power of Trigonella foenum-graecum extract, characterization and their protective effect against unfolded (Herring sperm DNA) hsDNA. We investigated the anti-cancer activity of SeNPs against MCF-7, MDA MB 435 and COLO-205 cells. The photocatalytic activity of SeNPs was investigated for the degradation of a Sunset Yellow FCF (SYFCF) dye using ultraviolet-B light. The reduction of the Se ion to SeNPs was monitored by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis). The size and morphology of the SeNPs were characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The SeNPs were stable, and the diameter was homogeneous at around 5-12 nm. Interactions of various concentrations of SeNPs with hsDNA were systematically investigated by UV-vis, fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD), polarimetry and FTIR spectroscopy under physiological conditions. The results from fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that SeNPs quenched the fluorescence intensity of hsDNA with increasing concentrations. The modified Stern-Volmer quenching rate constant Ksv, binding constant K and binding sites n at different temperatures and the corresponding thermodynamic parameters ΔH°, ΔG° and ΔS° were calculated. Hoechst 33258 and methyl green (MG) site markers, melting experiment (Tm), viscosity measurements and sequence specificity verification by DNA bases clarified that SeNPs bind to hsDNA via a groove site. The rate of photocatalytic degradation of the SYFCF dye in the presence and absence of photocatalysts (SeNPs) was studied using UV-vis, the results showed appreciable degradation of the SYFCF dye. Our results suggested that nano Se can be used as a promising selenium species with potential application in cancer treatment. These nanoparticles were found to be the most active cytotoxic agent prepared in a new green synthesis manner, causing >50% inhibition of MCF-7, MDA MB-435 and COLO-205 cell proliferation at concentrations <10(-7) M. Hence these SeNPs could be recognized as promising materials for biomedical applications.

Cytotoxicity of selenium nanoparticles in rat dermal fibroblasts

Background:Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a deadly nosocomial infection caused by contaminated endotracheal tubes. It has been shown that polyvinyl chloride (PVC, the endotracheal tube substrate) coated with elemental selenium nanoparticles reduces bacterial adherence and proliferation on PVC by over 99%. However, it is not known if selenium nanoparticles elicit a cytotoxic effect in vitro. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of PVC coated with selenium nanoparticles on fibroblasts, which are mammalian cells central to endotracheal tube intubation.Methods:Different concentrations of selenium nanoparticles were precipitated onto the PVC surface by reduction of selenium salts using glutathione. Characterization of PVC coated with selenium nanoparticles was done by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray, and contact angle measurements. For the cytotoxicity experiments, fibroblasts were seeded at a density of 5000 cm2 onto PVC coated with three different concentrations of selenium nanoparticles (high, medium, low) and incubated for 4 hours (adhesion) as well as for 24 hours and 72 hours (proliferation). The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value was determined after 72 hours using an ultrahigh concentration. MTT assays were used to assess cell viability at the indicated time points.Results:The three concentrations of selenium nanoparticles did not elicit a cytotoxic effect after 72 hours (P < 0.01, n = 3). It was found that the IC50value was at the ultrahigh concentration of selenium nanoparticles. The nanoparticulate elemental selenium concentration previously shown to decrease the function of bacteria was shown not to cause a cytotoxic effect on fibroblasts in vitro.Conclusion:These findings demonstrate great selectivity between bacteria and healthy cells, and are a viable option for coating endotracheal tubes in order to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia.