Concentration Of Nanochitosan Research Articles

Polylactic acid films incorporated with nanochitosan, nanocellulose, and Ajwain essential oil: Synthesis, characterizations, with in-vitro and in-vivo antimicrobial properties for infected wound healing

Nowadays developing wound dressing with higher antimicrobial properties which is accelerates healing, considered an emerging issue. In this study, we designed polylactic acid (PLA) films incorporated with different concentrations of nanochitosan (NCH), nanocellulose (CNC), and Trachyspermum ammi (Ajwain) essential oil (AEO) with in-vitro and in-vivo antimicrobial properties, for infected wound healing. In this study, AEO was extracted and the components were analyzed. The appearance, thickness, release of AEO, and the in-vitro antimicrobial properties of films were evaluated and the films with higher antimicrobial properties were used as dressing the wounds of rats. The mechanical properties of selected films with higher healing properties were analyzed. The results showed that thymol, P-cymene, and γ-terpinene were the main components of AEO. Also, all PLA films with AEO had antimicrobial properties, especially gram-positive bacteria. Finally, PLA films incorporated with 4 % NCH and 3 % AEO showed the highest antibacterial and wound healing properties. According to the results obtained in the tensile strength test, the PLA/NCH films had good strength and NCH improved the mechanical properties of the films. According to the results obtained in this study, the PLA films incorporated with NCH and AEO oil can be a suitable option for new wound dressings.

Efficacy of chitosan nanoparticles and wax coatings on maintaining post-harvest quality of “Murcott” mandarins

Because of its high degree of biodegradability, chitosan is widely used as a component in food packaging. However, its poor physical properties, such as permeability, limit its applicability. Consequently, applying nano chitosan is regarded as the most effective solution to this issue. In the current study, we studied the effect of using different materials in the coating process on the quality of “Murcott” mandarin during cold storage. We used different concentrations of nano chitosan (50 and 100 ppm) without wax and 100 ppm nano chitosan with wax. We investigated the impact of these compounds on the chemical composition and quality of fruits. The most successful treatment for preventing weight loss from discarded fresh fruit was a combination of wax and 100 ppm nano chitosan. This combination also prevented the deterioration of vitamin C, maintained the fruit pulp, and preserved the fruit's superior taste during cold storage and shelf life. It also maintains a better total soluble solids and total acidity level than other treatments. In addition, the total antioxidants and enzymes levels indicates no degradation of plant tissues compared to those not coated with nano chitosan. It also reduces the microbial load on the coated fruits. Consequently, this coating combination could suggest prolonging post-harvest life and increasing the marketing period of mandarin fruits.

Nano-chitosan Spray as a Preservative and Food Security of Fishery Products in The Middle of the Covid-19 Pandemic

Highlight ResearchThe author mentioned 2 highlights from their results research Nano-chitosan has the best susceptibility to bacterial strains of E. coli, S. enteritidis, L. monocytogenes, B. cereus and S. aureus.Nano-chitosan showed higher degree of inhibition than that done by chitosan. AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the fisheries sector, a decline in exports and fishermen's income caused by the disconnection of the marketing chain due to lockdown implementation in several export destination countries. Fish is a source of protein and as perishable goods, it experiences quality damage due to spoilage, commonly caused by hampered distribution of catches. Natural preservatives are needed to preserve catch so it won’t get spoiled and can be accepted by consumers in suitable conditions for consumption. This study aims to evaluate the particle size of nano-chitosan and determine the effectiveness of nano-chitosan spray with different concentrations as a natural preservative in caught fish. This research method begins with making chitosan through 3 stages: demineralization, deproteination, and deacetylation. Chitosan was made into nano-chitosan with various concentrations of 3:1, 4:1, and 5:1 using ionic gelation. Nano-chitosan underwent several tests, including PSA, antibacterial activity by disc diffusion, organoleptic, and the effectiveness of preservatives. Antibacterial activity of nano-chitosan was able to inhibit Bacillus subtilis at three different concentrations, the potential to inhibit Escherichia coli was optimal at 5:1 treatment. The effectiveness of nano-chitosan preservative bacteria inhibition at three different concentrations proved to be sufficient to be used to extend shelf life and ensure the safety and quality of fishery products. The best concentration of nano-chitosan was 3:1 treatment. Nano-chitosan spray from crab shell waste has good antibacterial activity and preservative effectiveness. It could serve as an antibacterial agent and natural preservative for fishery products during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Role of Nanochitosan on the Expression of Rice Resistance Genes against Bacterial Leaf Blight

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) has been reported to cause ± 20–50% of rice yield loss around the world. Resistant varieties are used to control this disease, however due to rapid evolution of this pathogen, the resistances was broken down in a few years. This study is aimed to determine the role of nanochitosan in the expression of rice Xa21 and Xa1 resistant genes against Xoo. The BLB susceptible rice cultivar IR64, the Xoo isolate MAG2 and a 0.065% concentration of nanochitosan were used in this experiment. Application of nanochitosan was carried out within 1-week intervals starting at rice aged 2–10 weeks after transplanting. The expression of Xa21 and Xa1 genes against Xoo were analyzed using conventional PCR and qPCR methods at 0 and 4 days after Xoo inoculation followed by 4x scoring of disease symptoms in 1-week interval. The treatments used in this study included the mock one/inoculated with sterile distilled water, K (+)/ plants inoculated with Xoo, CNP (-)/ with nanochitosan and sterile distilled water inoculation, and CNP (+)/ with nanochitosan and Xoo inoculation. The results showed that the 0.0065% concentration nanochitosan application was able to increase the expression of Xa21 and Xa1 genes on CNP (-). Disease intensity and AUDPC values did not show any significant difference between K (+) and CNP (+). This study concluded that nanochitosan at 0.065% was able to increase the expression of rice Xa21 and Xa1 resistance genes. However, the gene expression was not able to significantly suppress the infection development of Xoo.

Enhancement of Dyeability and Antibacterial Characteristics of Silk Fabrics using Chitosan Nano-Particles

The present work was carried out to study the effect of prepared chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) on the dye ability of silk fabric dyed with mono and bi functional reactive dyes. In order to obtain the optimum condition of using nano chitosan the silk fabric was treated with different concentration of nano-chitosan using three different methods (a)pre-treatment,(b)one bath process and (c)post-treatment. The colour strength (K/S) and colour parameters of dyed silk samples were measured for each method. The change in silk fabric surface morphology after using nano chitosan was examined with SEM. The K/S results of silk dyed samples treated with nano chitosan solution were higher comparable to the untreated samples.furthermore nanochitosan exhibit superior behaviour as antibacterial agent against both gram-positive and negative bacteria .

Chitosan and Nano-Chitosan Efficacy Against the Land Snails Eobania vermiculata and Monacha obstructa (Muller) Under Laboratory Conditions

The effect of chitosan and nano-chitosan on the land snails Eobania vermiculata and Monacha obstructa was investigated. Under laboratory conditions, the LC50 values recorded, 8.6%. and 6.9 % for E. vermiculata and M. obstructa treated with chitosan, respectively. On the other hand, snails treated with different concentrations of nano-chitosan, resulted in LC50 values of 1.4% and 0.16% for E. vermiculata and M. obstructa, respectively. The effects of both compounds on certain biochemical parameters were recognized. When chitosan and nano-chitosan were applied at the LC50 level, the total protein activities showed significant increase compared to control for E. vermiculata. The same compounds showed a significant decrease in the level of total protein for M. obstructa . Natural chitosan increased the level of total lipid from 32.5 to 52.5 g/dL after the treatment. While nano-chitosan increased it up to 78.33 g/dL for E. vermiculata. Also, natural chitosan increased the total lipid from 25.0 to 37.5 g/dL for M. obstructa compared to an increase of 52.5g/dL attained by the effect of nano-chitosan particles.

Effect of Nano Chitosan on Growth, Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Phaseolus vulgaris under Salt Stress

Salt stress is one of the abiotic stresses; it is a major factor which reduces crop productivity. Nano particles have become a pioneer material in agriculture research nowadays because they have unique physicochemical properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chitosan nanoparticles on germination and seedling growth parameters under salt stress condition for bean plant (Phaseolus vulgaris L). Moreover the effect of nano chitosan combined with selected concentration of salinity (100mM NaCl) on germination and vegetative growth was also examined. Different concentrations of salinity (50 mM, 100 mM and 150 mM NaCl) was used. Data indicated that salinity decreased salt tolerance index S.T.I of germination percentage as well as seedling growth. The bad effect was higher in 150 mM concentration; so the second experiment was continued with the 100 mM NaCl concentration. The treatment of bean plantwith 100 mM of salt combined with different concentration of nano chitosan (0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%) indicated that nano chitosan in all concentrations significantly promoted seed germination and radical length under salt stress. The best treatment on germination was 0.3 % of nano chitosan. Growth variables (plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry weights of the shoot and root) were increased significantly. High significant increase in both M.S.I and Chl.a, similarly , catalase , proline, RWC, Chl.b , caroteniods and antioxident enzymes showed positive eefect at 0.1% concentrarion.

Research on Properties of Antibacterial Paper Sprayed by Nano-Chitosan

Antibacterial paper for packaging was sprayed by nanochitosan as antibacterial ingredients. The bacteriostatic circle method was adopted to evaluate its antibacterial effect on E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus. We investigated the effects of different concentrations of nanochitosan on antibacterial paper thickness, tensile strength, bursting strength, folding strength and antibacterial properties.The results showed that: tensile strength, bursting strength and folding strength of the antibacterial paper is better than the control paper and the thickness has no obvious change. The antibacterial paper enhanced the antibacterial effect following the increasing concentration of nanochitosan. The same concentration of nanochitosan antibacterial paper, its inhibitory effect on E.coli was greater than that of Staphylococcus aureus.

Effect of nanochitosan on electrochemical, interfacial and thermal properties of composite solid polymer electrolytes

PEO-based solid polymer electrolyte films with various concentrations of nanochitosan as filler and LiCF3SO3 as salt were prepared by membrane hot-press technique. Nanochitosan was prepared from chitosan by conventional chemical cure method. The prepared composite membranes were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, thermal, SEM, AFM analyses, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and compatibility studies. The ionic conductivity and thermal stability of the polymer membranes were enhanced significantly by addition of nanofiller. The compatibility studies reveal that filler incorporated membrane is better compatible with lithium interface than filler free electrolyte.