Cortisone Concentrations Research Articles

BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON SOCKEYE SALMON DURING SPAWNING MIGRATION: VII. STEROID HORMONES IN PLASMA

Cortisone, cortisol, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone were isolated from the plasma of prespawning Fraser River sockeye salmon. The female plasma contained double the concentration of cortisone and cortisol found in male plasma, 41 μg and 26 μg/100 ml respectively as compared with 22 μg and 11 μg/100 ml.Corticosterone is probably present at a very low concentration and neither 11-desoxycorticosterone nor aldosterone was detected in the plasma from approximately 100 fish. Cortisone, cortisol, and total 17-hydroxysteroids were quantitatively determined in plasma samples obtained from two pure races of sockeye captured at various stages of sexual maturity. The combined concentration of cortisone and cortisol which, at the mouth of the river was three times that of the normal human, increased to as high as 17 times this level following spawning. The results are discussed in relation to the death of the fish.

Studies of cerebrospinal fluid following oral administration of cortisone acetate or hydrocortisone.

SUMMARY 1. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), obtained in the course of routine air encephalography, was examined for the presence of adrenocortical steroids by the method of extraction followed by paper chromatography. Compounds provisionally identified as cortisone and hydrocortisone were found in approximate concentrations of 0·1–0·2 and 0·2–0·40·4μg/100 ml. respectively. Other uncharacterized compounds were also found. 2. After oral administration of either cortisone acetate or hydrocortisone the concentration in the CSF of the compound considered to be hydrocortisone was increased. This increase was greater after administration of hydrocortisone than after cortisone acetate and was maximal 4–4½ hr after the dose. No increase was detected in the concentration of cortisone. 3. The physiological and therapeutic implications of these results are discussed with special reference to the conversion in vivo of cortisone to hydrocortisone.

Interference in cortisone-treated hosts.

Discussion and SummaryThe results reported herein have shown that prior injections of cortisone in embryonated eggs subsequently given minimal completely interfering doses of inactivated virus followed by challenge virus resulted in yields of viral hemagglutinins which were 7- to 10-fold greater than that found in untreated eggs. All 3 concentrations of cortisone (2.5, 5 and 7.5 mg) utilized in these experiments appeared to be equally effective in this respect.An enhanced growth of influenza viruses in cortisone-treated eggs has been described previously (4), and the viral concentration of pooled allantoic fluids from cortisone-treated eggs was shown to be 123 to 155% of the viral concentration of control eggs (for influenza A virus). In the interference experiments reported in this paper, the yield of virus in cortisone-treated eggs was 700 to 1000% of the yield in untreated embryos. In view of this discrepancy in the increased yields of virus in the two reports, it would appear that enhancement of repro...

Effect of cortisone upon chondroitin sulfate synthesis by animal tissues.

Summary1. The experiments described indicated that cortisone inhibits the synthesis of chondroitin sulfate by embryonic and wound tissues maintained in vitro. Graded responses were obtained with graded concentrations of cortisone in the medium. Cortisone was shown to inhibit the synthesis of soluble organic sulfate by heart and skeletal muscle; it had no such effect upon the synthesis of soluble ester sulfate by liver tissue. 2. Concentrations of cortisone which suppressed sulfate fixation, had no apparent effect upon the initial migration of fibroblasts. Cortisone had no effect upon the pulsations of heart tissue. 3. It was suggested that the palliative action of cortisone in the connective tissue diseases may be due to its inhibitory effect upon the synthesis of the chondroitin sulfate moiety of the connective tissue ground substance.