Conative Dimensions Research Articles

Role of attitudes in Brazil's country brand image

For the past three decades, the academic community has sought to advance the analysis relating to the image of several countries around the world. However, despite the importance of the theory of attitude in evaluating the image of a country, the majority of papers in the field has focused on the cognitive component of attitude only, having the other components, affective and conative, not thoroughly being examined. The purpose of this paper is to investigate Brazil's country brand image, based on the three-attitudinal categories 'cognitive', 'affective', and 'conative'. The study population consisted of the 427 undergraduate students at foreign institutions partaking agreements with a Brazilian public university. Attitudes were analysed using exploratory factor analysis to correlate potential impact on Brazils' country brand image. Results of this study indicate that the conative dimension received the highest scores of the respondents implying strong behavioural intentions in relation to Brazil's country brand image.

Role of attitudes in Brazil's country brand image

For the past three decades, the academic community has sought to advance the analysis relating to the image of several countries around the world. However, despite the importance of the theory of attitude in evaluating the image of a country, the majority of papers in the field has focused on the cognitive component of attitude only, having the other components, affective and conative, not thoroughly being examined. The purpose of this paper is to investigate Brazil's country brand image, based on the three-attitudinal categories 'cognitive', 'affective', and 'conative'. The study population consisted of the 427 undergraduate students at foreign institutions partaking agreements with a Brazilian public university. Attitudes were analysed using exploratory factor analysis to correlate potential impact on Brazils' country brand image. Results of this study indicate that the conative dimension received the highest scores of the respondents implying strong behavioural intentions in relation to Brazil's country brand image.

KAJIAN EDUKASI RAMAH LINGKUNGAN DAN KARAKTERISTIK KONSUMEN SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP SIKAP DAN PERILAKU RAMAH LINGKUNGAN

The quality decreasing of the environment could be caused by household consumption behavior. Consumer's positive attitude toward environmental issues can be encouraged through socialization about eco-friendly lifestyles. Kelompok Tani Cipta Mandiri is one of the organic vegetable producers that used eco-friendly issues marketing. This study were aimed to analyze eco-friendly education which was conducted by Cipta Mandiri farmer group; consumer attitudes about environmental issues; and the influence of eco-friendly education and demographic characteristics toward consumer eco-friendly attitude and behavior. Respondents in this study were 60 consumers who bought through the 'Small Market'. Descriptive and path analysis were used to accomplish the objectives of this study. The results showed that eco-friendly education which is conducted by Cipta Mandiri farmers group encourages consumers' positive behaviour about environment friendly issues. Most of the consumers understood the purpose and benefits of educational activities, feel attracted to these activities, and be willing to behave environment friendly. The income had significantly influence on the consumer's attitude, especially affective and conative dimensions. Meanwhile, consumer's attitude had a positive impact on eco-friendly behavior. Therefore, government or other institutions can encourage producers to do social business activities to increase consumer awareness of environment friendly behavior.

Influence of brand relationship on customer attitude toward integrated resort brands: a cognitive, affective, and conative perspective

ABSTRACTDespite the significance of understanding customer behavior in the integrated resort setting, only limited research has been conducted on this topic. Thus, this study aims to identify and assess the antecedents of integrated resort brand loyalty from the perspective of Oliver’s cognitive, affective, and conative theory of attitudinal brand loyalty model. . A total of 443 respondents who had experienced integrated resorts participated and completed a survey questionnaire. A positive relationship was observed between two-way communication and brand attitude, emotional exchange and brand attitude, brand partner quality and brand attitude, and brand attitude and behavioral intention toward integrated resort brand. Results revealed the association between cognitive, affective, and conative dimensions and integrated resort brand value. This notion suggests that integrated resort brands carry a high awareness of relationship, and the brand will invoke an emotional value in customers. Therefore, integrated resorts should consider customer–brand relational aspects to achieve long-term success for the integrated resort brand.

Fully Charged: Process Acceptance of Different EV Charging Processes

Electric vehicles are a viable solution to mitigate the effects of pollution and energy security. A nonsufficient infrastructure and range anxiety hinder the adoption of EVs. E-mobility can be considered as a service system. Especially the underlying processes in this service system determine its success. Recently, inductive charging, which requires highly accurate positioning of the EV, has been proposed. Charging remains a frequent and unpleasant process for an EV driver.The aim of this study was to examine two different charging processes and to investigate their process acceptance as perceived by the EV driver. To this end, an experiment with 60 subjects was conducted using an EV prototype equipped with a novel magnetic pulse positioning system. Process acceptance was measured in its affective, cognitive and conative dimension. Results indicate that the two processes exhibit different acceptance levels. Thus, the results may increase the overall acceptance of the e-mobility service system.

Salesperson work engagement and flow

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to provide an interpretation of the lived experiences of salespersons’ work engagement and work-related flow and how these states are related.Design/methodology/approach– A mixed-methods qualitative investigation on a sample of 14 salespeople from a large Australian-based consumer goods enterprise was conducted. Using interpretative phenomenological analyses and ethnographic content analyses the antecedents and conditions for salesperson work engagement and work-related flow were investigated.Findings– The data showed that affective, cognitive and conative dimensions underpinned the experience of work engagement and work-related flow. Work engagement was interpreted as an aroused and self-regulated psychological state of energy, focus and striving aimed to address the situational and task relevant opportunities and demands encountered. Work-related flow was characterized by passion, absorption, eudaimonia and automatic self-regulation of goal pursuit.Research limitations/implications– The sample was from a single manufacturing organization with sales roles focussed primarily on business-to-business selling, and as such the generalizability of results to salespeople working in different contexts (e.g. retail sales, telesales) needs to be established.Practical implications– The research helps sales managers to take more account of the conditions that foster salesperson engagement and flow.Originality/value– This study represents one of the first attempts to interpret, compare and contrast the lived experience of salesperson work engagement with that of work-related flow. The study also adds to the relative paucity of research published on work engagement using qualitative methods.

Comment initier une exploration collective ? Proposition d’un dispositif organisationnel, prélude aux partenariats d’exploration

L’article présente un dispositif collectif expérimenté afin de valoriser une technologie issue d’un laboratoire de recherche universitaire. La littérature sur les partenariats d’exploration a montré que la coordination et la cohésion étaient difficiles dans ces collectifs faute d’applications bien définies pour le concept étudié et faute de marché connu. La cartographie présentée dans l’article contribue à faciliter la coopération en guidant la trajectoire d’exploration du collectif. Le dispositif organisationnel conçu pour initier un premier partenariat d’exploration vise à renforcer sa cohésion par l’introduction d’une dimension conative. Codes JEL : O31, O32

A Psychological Approach to Define Trust in Exchange Relationships - Trust Characterized by Cognitive, Affective, and Conative Dimensions

In marketing, little effort has been made to systematically define trust while numerous empirical studies operationalize it and address its measures in an ad hoc manner. Thus, the construct of trust is implicitly understood to include mixed meanings and feelings. This conceptual study examines these meanings and feelings, and addresses a model to conceptualize trust as a psychological state. The model explains that trust consists of cognitive, affective, and conative components, and these components relate to each other as suggested by the hierarchy-of-effects model. In this relationship, the three psychological components induce an exchange party to engage in such behaviors as vulnerable to the actions of the other party.

Measures of Lower Limit of Reliability of Tests with A Covariance Matrix of Particles in Determination of the Structure of Conative Dimensions of Selected Volleyball Players

Measures of Lower Limit of Reliability of Tests with A Covariance Matrix of Particles in Determination of the Structure of Conative Dimensions of Selected Volleyball Players

Improved Health-Related Quality of Life, and More Days out of Hospital with Supplementation with Selenium and Coenzyme Q10 Combined. Results from a Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Prospective Study.

The impact of supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on health-care usage and health-related quality of life (Hr-QoL) in community-dwelling elderly people has, to our knowledge, not previously been investigated. To investigate the effect of 48 months supplementation with CoQ10 and selenium on community-dwelling elderly as regards: (I) the number of days out of hospital, and (II) the effect on Hr-QoL. A 48-month double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial was carried out. A total of 443 participants were given CoQ10 and organic selenium yeast combined, or a placebo. All admissions to the Department of Internal Medicine or Cardiology were evaluated. Hr-QoL were measured with the Short Form-36 (SF-36), the Cardiac Health Profile (CHP) and one item overall-quality of life (overall-QoL). A total of 206 participants were evaluated after 48 months. No changes were found in the number of days out of hospital or Hr-QoL. A sub-analysis of participants matched for age, gender and baseline cardiac wall tension as measured by NT-proBNP was performed. The mean number of days out of hospital was 1779 for those taking the active substance compared to 1533 for those taking the placebo (p=0.03). Those with active substance declined significantly less in the HR-QoL domains of physical role performance (p=0.001), vitality (p=0.001), physical component score (p=0.001), overall QoL (p=0.001), somatic dimension (p=0.001), conative dimension (p=0.001) and global function (p=0.001). In a match-group analysis selenium and CoQ10 increased the number of days out of hospital and slowed the deterioration in Hr-QoL.

The effects of application of music on the formation of students’ attitude towards physical education

A positive attitude towards physical education (PE) is an important component of students? engagement in classes and extracurricular physical activities. Relying on students? interests when planning the class work can contribute to the formation of such an attitude. The research was aimed at verifying the effects of the experimental programme ?Inclusion of music in Physical Education classes? on the formation of students? attitude towards PE. An experiment with parallel groups that lasted for 26 classes was applied in the research on the sample of 141 primary school students attending the seventh grade. In the initial and final testing two instruments for measuring the attitudes were applied: the Students? Attitudes toward Physical Education - SATPE and the Connotative Differential (CD-15). In the final testing, the experimental group also completed the questionnaire on students? assessment of classes with and without music. The analysis of variance has shown that the experimental group achieved considerably higher scores at the final testing compared to the initial on the cognitive and conative subscales of the CD-15 instrument. This change was not linked to gender, PE grade and involvement in music. It has been shown that students in the experimental group assessed more positively the classes accompanied by music compared to the classes without music, measured by the questionnaire on students? assessment of classes with and without music. It can be concluded that the application of music has influenced the development of a more positive attitude towards PE, observed via the cognitive and conative dimension, which points to the fact that it is justifiable and desirable to use music in PE education.

The Cognitive-Affective-Conative Model of Destination Image: A Confirmatory Analysis

ABSTRACT Destination image influences tourist behavior before, during, and after travel, as it is an important instrument which contributes to tourists’ loyalty. Although Gartner (1993) advocates that the cognitive, affective, and conative dimensions of destination image are hierarchically interrelated, there is no empirical evidence to support the complete model. This study aims to test the hierarchical nature of the relationship between the dimensions of destination image. The results of structural equation modeling confirm Gartner's theoretical model, validating the theory that the influence of the cognitive component on the conative dimension is higher when mediated by the affective component, raising managerial implications.

The Grounded Theory Approach to Consumer-brand Engagement: The Practitioner's Standpoint

Since currently there is no established, unitary and shared theory on consumer–brand engagement (CBE), this exploratory study is aimed at inductively proposing a preliminary conceptual framework of CBE disclosing the knowledge embedded in marketing practice. Our study is designed according to a Grounded Theory approach and it is focused on how practitioners conceive and pursue CBE through their branding strategies and tactics. Findings reveal that CBE is seen by practitioners as a dynamic and process-based concept evolving in intensity on the basis of the brand capability of increasingly intercepting consumers' desires and expectations using all possible physical and virtual touchpoints between brand and consumers. CBE appears as an overarching marketing concept encapsulating different consumer decision-making dimensions, from brand preference to brand purchase. Furthermore CBE emerges as a multi-dimensional construct that beyond traditional cognitive, emotional and conative dimensions seems to be based on emerging experiential and social dimensions that appear as its central elements.

SCUBA divers' underwater responsible behaviour: can environmental concern and divers' attitude make a difference?

The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between general environmental attitude and specific SCUBA diving attitude with responsible behaviour among divers underwater. The empirical data were collected from divers (N = 413) at the five most popular islands for SCUBA diving in Malaysia using the combination of purposeful, quota and convenience sampling. The revised New Environmental Paradigm (NEP) scale [Dunlap, R.E., Van Liere, K., Mertig, A., & Jones, R. (2000). Measuring endorsement of the New Ecological Paradigm: A revised NEP scale. Journal of Social Issues, 56(3), 425–442] was utilised to measure the general environmental concern (attitude) among divers. Measurement of SCUBA diving attitude and underwater responsible behaviour was self-developed based on both literature review and expert opinions. Correlation and regression analyses were employed to examine the relationships among the constructs. Divers are mostly ecocentric and highly responsible underwater and possess a positive SCUBA diving attitude. Divers' behaviour underwater has a direct relationship with both environmental concern and specific SCUBA diving attitude. The latter partially mediates the relationship between environmental concern and responsible behaviour underwater. The cognitive and conative dimensions of specific SCUBA diving attitude are strongly related to skill diving behaviour and safety diving behaviour, respectively. The affective dimension of specific SCUBA diving attitude has a strong relationship with non-contact diving behaviour. Based on the study findings, this paper presents some of its theoretical and managerial contributions.

Editorial for the Special Section on Ethics and Affective Computing

Editorial for the Special Section on Ethics and Affective Computing

Conative Dimensions of Machine Ethics: A Defense of Duty

Immanuel Kant is one of the giants of moral theorizing in the western philosophical tradition. He developed a view of moral imperatives and duty that continues to inspire thought up to the present. In a thought-provoking series of papers, Anthony Beavers argues that Kant's conception of morality will not be applicable to machines. In other words, it will turn out that when we design machines at a level of sophistication such that ethical constraints must be built into their behavior, Kant's understanding of morality will not be helpful. Specifically, the notion of duty as involving some sort of internal conflict can be jettisoned. The argument in this paper is that there are aspects of duty that can be preserved for machine ethics. The goal will not be to defend any of the details of Kant's position. Rather, it is to motivate some ways of thinking about duty that may be useful for machine ethics.

Effect of Settlement Size and Religiosity on Sense of Place in Communal Settlements

The effect of religiosity and settlement size on sense of place was studied among residents of Jewish communal settlements in Judea and Samaria. Sense of place was defined as a multidimensional concept of cognitive, affective, and conative dimensions. Sense of place was found to be significantly higher for religious than for secular residents. Sense of place was found to be higher for religious residents in small settlements, whereas for secular residents it was higher in large settlements. The study suggests reasons for these findings.

Corporate Social Responsibility: A Process Model of Sensemaking

In contrast to content-based models of corporate social responsibility (CSR), we propose a process model of organizational sensemaking explaining how managers think, discuss, and act with respect to their key stakeholders and the world at large. We also propose a set of cognitive, linguistic, and conative dimensions to identify such an intrinsic orientation that guides CSR-related activities. Recognizing patterns of interrelationships among these dimensions might lead to a better understanding of a firm's CSR impact and generate a rich research agenda that links key organizational features to CSR character.

Innovation, Communication, and Leadership: New Developments in Strategic Communication

Strategic communication, in contrast to everyday public relations, concentrates on the core drivers of organizational success. It also expands the traditional set of institutionalized communication measures in order to manage meaning in all kinds of interactions with internal and external stakeholders. Along this line, this article argues that communication should play a new role in promoting innovation management as a crucial process in today's society, and that this can be achieved by a new understanding of leadership communication. Theoretical concepts and empirical findings can be integrated into a wheel of leadership communication on innovations that combines the social, cognitive, affective, and conative dimensions of a new role in the innovation process supported by communication management.

Ervaringsgeoriënteerde geloofsoordrag: geloofwaardige waarheid

The central question in a theological communication theory is the mediation between tradition and experience. How can the reality of God and the reality of human beings be connected on the level of experience? The transmission of the Christian faith is about the mediation of a symbolic reality, meant to bring about spiritual experience and experience of meaning. Not only the cognitive dimension, but the affective, emotive, conative, aesthetic and social dimensions have to play an active role. The communication of faith on all levels of experience is thus a sine qua non for theologians and educators of religion. The challenge for theology is to recognize ways in which experience-driven religious education can be practised.