Computer Science Education Research Articles

Computational Thinking Assessment: Bibliometric Analysis-VOSviewer

Computational thinking is a very important ability in the transitional era of the industrial revolution 4.0 to 5.0 because it has a role in supporting problem solving, especially in the field of Education by applying computer thinking. Seeing the role of computational thinking in education, an assessment is needed to assess students' ability to apply computational thinking to solve problems, especially in learning computer science. Therefore, the aim of this study is to present a high-quality bibliometric review of various literature on assessment computational thinking. This type of research is bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer. Literature was collected from the Scopus database of 191 articles published in 2019-2023. The results of this study show that in the network visualization results there are 5 clusters, namely cluster 1 (43 items), cluster 2 (31 items), cluster 3 (27 items), cluster 4 (21 items), and cluster 5 (19 items). Meanwhile, on the results of overlay visualization and density visualization, it can be seen that the computational thinking assessment research shows that when it is associated with the themes of instrument, validity, reliability, and computer science education, not much research has been done so that there are opportunities for renewable research by taking these themes.

Electronic support for the process of teaching future computer science teachers programming

Electronic support for the process of teaching future computer science teachers programming

Analysing Flipped Classroom Themes Trends in Computer Science Education (2007–2023) Using CiteSpace

Flipped classroom (FC) overcomes many drawbacks of traditional teaching and has a wide range of applications in the field of (computer science) CS education. Systematically analysing the research themes and keywords of the flipped classroom in CS teaching is of great significance in guiding the improvement of the teaching quality of the flipped classroom. In this study, we used CiteSpace to statistically analyse the data of 229 articles published in the core library of Web of Science from 2007 to July 18, 2023, and visualize author co-citation clustering, and keyword co-occurrence. The results of the study showed that (1) the statistical analysis indicated that the application of flipped classroom in CS education has entered a trough period; (2) based on the cluster of author co-citation network, three research themes of CS flipped implementation, online learning, and skill development were identified in this study. (3) Based on the co-occurrence of keywords, this study identified three research hotspots: integration strategies, flipping effectiveness, and challenges faced.

Using Interactive Maps as a Means of Developing Fundamental Mathematical Knowledge

Introduction. Mathematics as a science and academic discipline has rich educational potential. However, due to the lack of motivation among students to master it, difficulties often arise in acquiring fundamental mathematical knowledge. The author believes that questions of the history of mathematics can help to understand how this discipline has developed over the centuries, how it influences modern life, and the tools of the digital educational environment will make it possible to do this in an accessible and understandable interactive form. The aim of the study is to present a way to use digital interactive maps as a means of developing deep mathematical knowledge in students, based on historical aspects of mathematical theory. Methodology: analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature on the research topic, generalization of many years of experience in training future teachers of mathematics and computer science, results of organizing design and research activities of students at Leningrad State University named after A. S. Pushkin (Saint Petersburg). The digital interactive map presented by the author is based on substantive aspects of the development of mathematics from the history of the Saint Petersburg mathematical school. Results. Digital interactive maps are characterized as an option for a teacher to use the functionality of a digital educational environment to fundamentalize students’ mathematical training. Interactive maps increase studentsʼ interest in educational material, integrate various types of data, use various interactivity tools, are the basis for providing detailed reference information, provide productive interaction with the map, and others. The author presents an example of creating an interactive map that reflects various locations in Saint Petersburg associated with historical aspects of the development of mathematical theory. Conclusions. A conclusion is made about the methodologically justified creation and use by the teacher of materials on the history of mathematics for the development of students’ system of fundamental mathematical knowledge, the formation of interest in the subject, the patriotic education of students, which together contributes to the conscious study of each individual topic of the school and university mathematics course, a deep immersion in the essence tasks to be solved.

On Formal Methods Thinking in Computer Science Education

Formal Methods (FM) radically improve the quality of the code artefacts they help to produce. They are simple, probably accessible to first-year undergraduate students and certainly to second-year students and beyond. Nevertheless, in many cases, they are not part of a general recommendation for course curricula, i.e., they are not taught — and yet they are valuable. One reason for this is that teaching “Formal Methods” is often confused with teaching logic and theory. This paper advocates what we call FM thinking : the application of ideas from Formal Methods applied in informal, lightweight, practical and accessible ways. And we will argue here that FM thinking should be part of the recommended curriculum for every Computer Science student. For even students who train only in that “thinking” will become much better programmers. But there will be others who, exposed to those ideas, will be ideally positioned to go further into the more theoretical background: why the techniques work; how they can be automated; and how new ones can be developed. Those students would follow subsequently a specialised, more theoretical stream, including topics such as semantics, logics, verification and proof-automation techniques.

Code Clones: A Novel Approach to Detecting Plagiarism in Binary Decomposition of C Programs

Abstract The escalation of code plagiarism in computer science education has necessitated the development of more sophisticated detection methods, particularly for binary files which pose a unique challenge. This study introduces a novel approach to plagiarism detection through binary decomposition, which decompiles binary files back into high-level code to reveal similarities that may be hidden at the binary level. The methodology is crucial for scenarios where students submit compiled programs, enabling the application of traditional code similarity analysis methods to detect instances of plagiarism. Statistical data on code similarity among student submissions in a C programming course are presented, highlighting the urgent need for robust detection strategies. This paper explores the ethical implications of plagiarism, the technical challenges of binary file analysis, and the potential for applying this technique across various programming languages and educational contexts.

Artificial intelligence is important! A mini systematic literature review of bioethics in science learning

The focus and concern of researchers on the theme of bioethics and its relationship with science learning is highly expected, as evidenced by publications in reputable journals. The purpose of this systematic literature review (SLR) was to review and compare investigations of researches on article published by scopus indexed journals. We used the phrase "bioethics+learning+science" in the search menu of the scopus database, and found 138 articles. Furthermore, 15 articles met the criteria to be analyzed. The inclusion and exclusion model used is PRISMA. The publication of "bioethics" in the scopus database is likely to increase in 2012. Although in 2013-2022 there were fluctuations. This theme can be approached through qualitative or quantitative and even mix-method. Almost all types of populations/samples have been used as subjects, showing that this theme is broad in dimension and involves all parties. Leonora Kaldaras is the most dominant researcher in reference. Bioethics specs are related to artificial intelligence. The keyword artificial intelligence is related to student, teaching, engineering education, computer science education, education computing, and education. Interesting things on the theme of artificial intelligence related to learning systems and computer aided instruction. The theme of "bioethics" is the focus of researchers from all continents and is generally written in groups. There are four institutions in the world that fund research and publications on bioethics, while the others are not mentioned. Most publications have fulfilled one of the ethics in publication, which is to clearly mention the name of the institution / institution that funds their research and publication. We formulate and discuss all aspects of the trend. The alignment of researchers continues to increase regarding "bioethics", which can be seen based on distribution year, research types / methods, instruments, aspects of study, author, keywords, author's internationality, and collaboration. This information or findings gives us new insights to think clearly about research and the relationship between bioethics, science learning and artificial intelligence.

Enhancing Computer Science Education Through Electronic Team-Based Learning: A Hybrid Approach to Collaborative Learning

Enhancing Computer Science Education Through Electronic Team-Based Learning: A Hybrid Approach to Collaborative Learning

Examining the impact on TPACK and knowledge subcomponents in dually certifying secondary mathematics teacher candidates with a Computer Science add-on endorsement

This study examined the impact on secondary mathematics teacher candidates (TCs) TPACK knowledge and knowledge subcomponents of a two-course sequence based on the high school Advanced Placement (AP) Computer Science Principles (CSP) course leading to add-on teaching credentials for Computer Science (CS). We further examined the outcomes of Praxis II preparation modules on CS content knowledge of the preservice TCs compared to inservice teachers seeking an additional teaching field of CS. Our results indicate strong findings on the Technology Knowledge (TK) and TPACK factors for TC participants compared to their peers, as well as higher Praxis II scores than inservice teachers. We discuss the findings and implications for CS teacher certification embedded within other secondary teaching disciplines.

Teaching CCI in Computer Science and Computer Science Education

This paper elaborates on a series of Child–Computer Interaction courses conducted at three universities in Germany. It emphasizes the integration of hands-on activities and a significant project development component, allowing students to practically apply and enhance their CCI knowledge. The article details the course structure, students’ engagement, and the evolution of content, underlining the importance of experiential learning in CCI education. Additionally, it offers reflections on the outcomes and lessons learned, serving as a resource for university lecturers looking to incorporate similar courses in their curriculum.

«FRIPPED CLASSROOM» TECHNOLOGY IN COMPUTER LESSONS IN PRIMARY GRADES

The article is devoted to the "flipped classroom" technology. Purpose: to carry out a systematic analysis of the application of the "flipped classroom" technology in computer science lessons in primary school. The article uses theoretical methods of scientific and pedagogical research, in particular: system-structural analysis, synthesis, classification, comparison, abstraction, generalization. The essence of the "flipped classroom" technology has been clarified. A comparative analysis of the researched technology with the traditional learning technology was carried out according to certain characteristics. The reasons for using the "flipped classroom" technology in computer science lessons in primary school are outlined. The peculiarities of the application of the researched technology are analyzed. The optimal methods and means of the "inverted classroom" technology are singled out. Models of implementation of this technology were analyzed as well. A number of recommendations on the effective use of technology in computer science lessons in primary school are highlighted. On the basis of the conducted research, it was concluded that the "flipped classroom" technology, in case it is organized properly, can be effective, increase the level of motivation and success of primary school children. The "flipped classroom" allows to change an approach from passive to active learning, thanks to which primary school children in computer science classes will have more time for practical work, which can help them develop digital skills. The features of the researched technology are that it focuses attention on the effective use of learning time in the classroom, promotes individualization of learning, allows younger students to take responsibility for learning, strengthens the interaction between the teacher and the student and changes the role of the teacher in the educational process from a translator to a facilitator. In the course of the research, the implementation model of the "flipped class" technology was adapted for computer science lessons in primary school, and tasks were developed for selected topics. It was found that the choice of the model depends on many factors, in particular: the topic of the lesson, the level of training of students, access to resources, planning of each stage. Therefore, the flipped classroom technology has significant potential to improve the quality of computer science education in primary school.

Exploring the Predictive Potential of Complex Problem-Solving in Computing Education: A Case Study in the Introductory Programming Course

Programming is acknowledged widely as a cornerstone skill in Computer Science education. Despite significant efforts to refine teaching methodologies, a segment of students is still at risk of failing programming courses. It is crucial to identify potentially struggling students at risk of underperforming or academic failure. This study explores the predictive potential of students’ problem-solving skills through dynamic, domain-independent, complex problem-solving assessment. To evaluate the predictive potential of complex problem-solving empirically, a case study with 122 participants was conducted in the undergraduate Introductory Programming Course at the University of Maribor, Slovenia. A latent variable approach was employed to examine the associations. The study results showed that complex problem-solving has a strong positive effect on performance in Introductory Programming Courses. According to the results of structural equation modeling, 64% of the variance in programming performance is explained by complex problem-solving ability. Our findings indicate that complex problem-solving performance could serve as a significant, cognitive, dynamic predictor, applicable to the Introductory Programming Course. Moreover, we present evidence that the demonstrated approach could also be used to predict success in the broader computing education community, including K-12, and the wider education landscape. Apart from predictive potential, our results suggest that valid and reliable instruments for assessing complex problem-solving could also be used for assessing general-purpose, domain-independent problem-solving skills in computing education. Likewise, the results confirmed the positive effect of previous programming experience on programming performance. On the other hand, there was no significant direct effect of performance in High School mathematics on Introductory Programming.

A Human-Centric Approach towards Equity and Inclusion in AI Education

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become pervasive in modern lives, with AI generative tools driving further transformation. However, a notable issue persists: the underrepresentation of females and individuals from ethnic and racial minorities in the tech industry. Despite generally positive attitudes toward technology among young students, this enthusiasm often does not extend to aspirations for careers in the field. To address this disparity, many schools in the United States are now offering computer science and AI courses at the high school level. Nevertheless, students from underrepresented groups often feel disconnected from these subjects, leading to low enrollment rates. Research underscores that students' career aspirations are solidified between the ages of 10-14 yrs, highlighting the importance of engaging them with computer science and computing skills during this formative period. Leveraging the Bourdieusian concept of social capital, this paper proposes educational interventions tailored for elementary schools. By nurturing students' technical social capital, these interventions aim to foster an inclusive ecosystem from an early age, when aspirations are taking shape. Ultimately, the goal is to enhance the accessibility of computer science education and related skills, empowering young students from underrepresented groups to pursue higher studies and careers in computer science and AI fields.

Sometimes I still do not see myself as a computer scientist: Negotiating a computer science identity as a Latina undergraduate and youth mentor

This study puts forth the counternarrative of the first author Gislaine, a first-generation undergraduate student, Latina, and computer science major. Gislaine participated in a research internship and STEM mentorship program led by the second author, Meredith. Through this program, Gislaine designed and taught CS lessons to predominantly low-income, African-American middle school students over an 8-day urban summer school program. By analyzing Gislaine’s written account of her journey to CS, as well as planning documents and written reflections on her daily experiences mentoring youth, we explore how Gislaine’s intersecting social identities shape her experiences both as a CS learner and as a mentor to youth. Gislaine’s counternarrative illuminates the systems of oppression present in schools and the CS field, while also highlighting Gislaine’s transformative approaches to mentoring students in CS. Gislaine’s narratives emphasize the importance of humanizing CS and leveraging students’ strengths to promote equitable access to CS education. Through her experiences, she underscores the significance of recognizing and addressing systemic barriers, while also advocating for inclusive and empowering educational practices.

Preparing Future Computer Science Teachers Through using Innovative Technologies

This article presents theoretical and practical information and recommendations on the use of innovative technologies in the training of future computer science teachers, in particular Collaborative Learning technology in teaching the science of programming basics, and the development of students’ digital and software-technological competencies. new approaches and issues are discussed.

Feeling the weight of the water: a longitudinal study of how capital and identity shape young people’s computer science trajectories over time, age 10–21

ABSTRACT Background and Context There is a call for more young people to continue into higher education computer science (CS). Objective To understand young people’s choices into and away from CS, by addressing the inequalities their trajectories as shaped over time and in relation to their capital and identities. Method Ninety-four longitudinal interviews were conducted with nine young people and their parents from age 10/11 to age 21/22, analysed through the lens of identity and capital. Findings CS-related capital facilitated “smooth” transitions into CS-degrees, with family capital being salient in the choice-process, and out-of-school experiences for navigating CS-courses. Other young people faced disjunctures between their capital, identity and the field of CS education, feeling “the weight of the water”, experiencing study challenges and being at risk of withdrawing. Finally, a group of young people were “navigating a different waterway”, reflecting a greater fit with a different field. Implications We call for actions to broadening what counts as CS.

Rethinking Undergraduate Computer Science Education: Using the 4Es Heuristic to Center Students in an Introductory Computer Science Course

Rethinking Undergraduate Computer Science Education: Using the 4Es Heuristic to Center Students in an Introductory Computer Science Course

Introduction to the Special Issue on Situating the Intersectional Experiences of Black Girls and Women in Computing & Technology

This special issue builds on and expands computing’s engagement with Black feminist epistemologies like Intersectionality and Black Feminist Thought, exploring the intersectional experiences of Black girls and women in computing, technology, and computing education and workforce. The set of articles examines, explores, and uncovers structural and systemic barriers in computing, CS education, and technology; the roles of social supports and social capital in ensuring Black women thrive; quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approaches that center Black girls and women instead of making them comparative groups to white or other people of color of all genders; and issues around equity and inclusivity in computing, CS education, and technology more broadly. Taken together, this collection serves as a model for centering one community often marginalized in computing, technology, and computing education: Black girls and women.

From Theory to Practice: Project-Based Learning in Computer Science Education

This study aims to explore the application and effectiveness of Project-Based Learning (PBL) in enhancing the programming capabilities of college students. Given the current disconnect between computer science education models and industry demands, we propose a reform plan centered on practical experience. Through empirical research, we analyzed the positive impact of PBL on students' technical skills, problem-solving abilities, and teamwork spirit, and offered a series of strategies and recommendations to optimize the implementation of PBL.

Development and Implementation of Visualization of CPU Components using AR

Augmented Reality (AR) technology presents innovative solutions for visualizing complex concepts and systems. This paper investigates the utilization of AR in the visualization of CPU (Central Processing Unit) components, with the objective of augmenting comprehension and learning within computer architecture. By developing an AR application, CPU components are depicted in three dimensions, enabling users to interactively explore and comprehend their functionalities and interconnections. The paper delineates the design and execution of the AR system and discusses its potential advantages for education, training, and technical problem-solving in computer science and engineering. Keywords: Augmented Reality, CPU Components, Visualization, Computer Architecture.