Computer Projector Research Articles

Utilization of Electrical Energy in Lecture Building at Universitas Bangka Belitung

Electrical energy has become necessary in supporting human life activities, one of which is in higher education institutions. Universitas Bangka Belitung, as one of the public universities in the Province of Bangka Belitung Islands, currently has 12 lecture buildings to provide the best academic services in the 20 available undergraduate programs. Through measurements carried out during lecture activity hours in a few weeks at the main panel in 12 lecture buildings, also obtained the average current, average voltage, and average real power in the R phase, S phase, and T phase. lecture building with sampling data every 15 minutes. Based on measurements, the entire lecture building’s electrical energy consumption is in the range 2-5 kWh with electronic equipment used, including air conditioning, LCD computer projectors, and room lighting

Experimental Investigation of the Dynamical Modes of Four Pulse‐Coupled Chemical Micro‐Oscillators

We present an experimental system of four identical microreactors (MRs) in which the photosensitive oscillatory Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction occurs. The inhibitory coupling of these BZ MRs is organized via pulses of light coming to each MR from a computer projector. These pulses are induced by spike(s) in other MR(s) of the same network. Time delay between the spike in one BZ MR and the pulsed perturbation of the other BZ MR(s), the amplitude of light pulses, their duration, and the connectivity of the MRs are controlled by the LabVIEW software. Recording the dynamics of the BZ reaction in the MRs via a microscope equipped with a CCD camera, we observe all the main dynamical modes of our network of MRs, which are the IP (in-phase), AP (anti-phase), W (walk), and WR (walk reverse) for the unidirectional coupling, and the IP, two-cluster, three-cluster, and splay modes for the all-to-all coupling. Our software detects all the modes of the network automatically and makes it possible to switch between them on demand using a few special "switching" pulses. As the result of the present work, the experimental implementation of the adaptive behaviour of the pulse-coupled chemical micro-oscillator networks becomes available.

A Practical Approach to Teach Web Programming Course

Web programming is an interesting and important course, which commands innovative methods to reach the students in large. This paper describes an approach to effective teaching of this course in our department. The traditional method of teaching this course includes the use of black board and power point presentations. But to enable students to apply the learned concepts in real time projects, the usage of different constructs was demonstrated live in the classrooms using a computer projector. The highlight of the course was to make students in batches of 2 or 3 to develop a simple web portal and host it on internet. The whole process enhanced student learning, their confidence to take up live projects and fostered communication skills and human relationship. This indirectly led to the development of better student community in the department, hence the institute.

The Three-Dimensional Imaging of Rock Wall Surface with the Use of Computer-Based Image Processing and Analysis

Abstract The paper presents two methods of digital mapping of rock walls in three dimensional space. The methods have been developed with the use of low-cost devices, which enable image acquisition, and processing methods based on digital image processing and analysis. Both methods are based on so-called shadow profilometry. One of those methods involved mapping the shape of the rock wall on casted mapped surface with analyzed laser lines. The second method was based on the analysis of projected set of bit planes. The planes were projected by computer projector. Both measurement methods have been tested in Miękinia porphyry quarry. The study involved rock wall measurements, which were repeated several times. The part of rock material was removed from the measured wall after each measurement. In order to verify the accuracy of the proposed methods of measurement, volume results obtained and based on digital methods were compared to the volume of removed rock material during measurement. Calculated results were characterized by small deviations which prove to be correct, and are a solid basis for further work on practical application of presented methods.

The Effect of the Use of Interactive Whiteboard on Students' Motivation.

The purpose of this study is to determine how the use of smart board affects the motivation levels of students. This research was carried out with true experimental group and a control group. The sample of the study consists of 50 sophomore students, studying at the Department of Classroom Teaching of the Elementary Education Division at Gazi University in the 2009 to 2010 academic session. In the experimental group, interactive whiteboards (computer-projector and board connection) were used with 25 students; while in the control group, only computer projector was employed, with 25 students also. The experiment lasted for four weeks. The results indicated a significant difference between the experimental and control groups. In comparing their motivation scale scores after the experiment, a statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups and this difference was in favor of the experimental group. Key words: Smart board, motivation, designing material, technologies.

Optically monitoring and controlling nanoscale topography during semiconductor etching

We present epi-diffraction phase microscopy (epi-DPM) as a non-destructive optical method for monitoring semiconductor fabrication processes in real time and with nanometer level sensitivity. The method uses a compact Mach–Zehnder interferometer to recover quantitative amplitude and phase maps of the field reflected by the sample. The low temporal noise of 0.6 nm per pixel at 8.93 frames per second enabled us to collect a three-dimensional movie showing the dynamics of wet etching and thereby accurately quantify non-uniformities in the etch rate both across the sample and over time. By displaying a gray-scale digital image on the sample with a computer projector, we performed photochemical etching to define arrays of microlenses while simultaneously monitoring their etch profiles with epi-DPM. Semiconductor etching can now be monitored in real time at nanoscale resolution using a non-destructive optical imaging technique that combines a conventional microscope with a compact Mach–Zehnder interferometer. Developed by Chris Edwards, Amir Arbabi, Gabriel Popescu, and Lynford Goddard at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in the United States, epi-diffraction phase microscopy makes it possible to collect three-dimensional videos of semiconductor fabrication processes using a CCD camera. The approach is able to measure etch rates at each location across the sample with a resolution of 0.085 nm s−1 per pixel. Such an in situ monitoring capability could be useful for improving the manufacturing quality of a wide variety of semiconductor devices.

Micro-assembly using optically controlled bubble microrobots

Bubbles controlled by optically induced heating were made to function as novel microrobots for micromanipulation and micro-assembly. Using light patterns generated by a commercial computer projector, bubble microrobots were controlled and used to manipulate glass microbeads and perform the micro-assembly of micro-blocks and cell-encapsulating hydrogel beads. Two manipulation modes, pulling and pushing, were used to move micro-objects into place and manipulate glass beads with a velocity of up to 350 μm/s. The simultaneous independent control of three bubble robots was also demonstrated.

Aqueous droplet manipulation by optically induced Marangoni circulation

The manipulation of picoliter droplets is demonstrated using optically induced microscale circulatory flows. The circulation results from Marangoni effects induced by optical heating from light patterns created by a computer projector. Manipulation of single droplets and parallel manipulation of multiple droplets are achieved with induced forces of up to 1 nN and an average resolution of 146.5 μm.

KOMPIUTERINĖS TECHNOLOGIJOS GAMTAMOKSLINIO UGDYMO PROCESE: SOCIOEDUKACINIAI ASPEKTAI

It is obvious that ICT makes the process of teaching/learning more effective and beneficial whereas the education system starts functioning faster. The development of ICT and the process of globalization determine alteration in the education system as well as in the whole society. The implementation of new technologies in the educational process raises new possibilities for both teacher and learner, enhances educa-tion quality and makes the educational process more versatile. Hence, the object of research is the use of computer-based technologies in the process of teach-ing/learning sciences. Research is aimed at establishing the positions of 1st year students on applying com-puter-based technologies in comprehensive school learning sciences and at disclosing the frequency of us-ing these technologies in the classroom during the lessons on sciences, and also to find out some infor-mation about students` own skills in using computer technologies. Pilot research Student and Computer-Based Technologies was conducted in October – November, 2009. To collect the required data, an anonymous questionnaire was prepared. Research sample consisted of 211 respondents who were 1st year university students (freshmen). To collect the required data, an anonymous questionnaire including four main blocks was prepared. • The level of ability to use computer (in total, 30 parameters were included, for example, ability to use programs and documents, ability to operate fail search system etc.). • The methods of using computers (5 parameters were included, for example, learned during in-formatics classes; during classes in other subjects; during extracurricular activities; helped family members, friends etc.; individual learning). • The evaluation of the frequency of applying computer-based technologies during the classes of sciences (5 parameters were included, for example, the frequency of using a computer projector by the teacher; the frequency of demonstrations done by the teacher, the frequency of applying computer-based technologies by the students for the purpose of practical experimentation; the frequency of communication between students and teachers outside the classroom etc.). • Opinions on applying computer-based technologies during the classes of sciences at school. 20 closed type questions were addressed, for example, using computer-based technologies to make lessons more interesting, to increase motivation, for communication purposes etc. In the majority of cases, the students learn to use computer independently, whereas next comes help provided by friends and family members. The lessons of informatics have a higher impact on the learners from regional centres and female students. The classes on other subjects and extracurricular activities have no significant impact on increasing knowledge of work at computer. It has been established that computer-based technologies are very rarely used during the lessons of other subjects. The teachers relatively fre-quently used computer during the lessons of physics and biology, les frequently - during the classes of chemistry and physics. The teachers of sciences very rarely use computer-based technologies outside the classroom, i.e. for tutoring, giving advice, performing different tasks. The respondents think that using computer-based technologies in the classroom during the lessons of sciences has the highest impact on cog-nitive abilities (knowledge acquisition, self-sufficient studies etc.). However, they do not find important the impact of technologies on motivation for learning, practical use, communication and collaboration between students. Moreover, applying computer-based technologies in the classroom helps with concentration, pre-vents from distracting attention and does not lead to stressful situations, i.e. has no negative impact on the state of health and personal development. The level of ability to use computer (for example, ability to use programs and documents, ability to operate fail search system etc.) Computer knowledge and abilities does not depend on the duration of com-puter usage per day. The best skills are demonstrated in ability to carry out the simple functions of editing of the text, to use search systems and e-mail. The weakest skills, according to respondents, are connected with abilities to create websites, to establish and change parametres of computer programs, and also to instal new computer programs. Some differences depending on the sex of respondents are established also. For example, male students are better in ability to use complex functions of operating systems, than female students. Key words: computer-based technologies, science education, skills, science lessons.

Quantum tic-tac-toe: A teaching metaphor for superposition in quantum mechanics

Quantum tic-tac-toe was developed as a metaphor for the counterintuitive nature of superposition exhibited by quantum systems. It offers a way of introducing quantum physics without advanced mathematics, provides a conceptual foundation for understanding the meaning of quantum mechanics, and is fun to play. A single superposition rule is added to the child’s game of classical tic-tac-toe. Each move consists of a pair of marks subscripted by the number of the move (“spooky” marks) that must be placed in different squares. When a measurement occurs, one spooky mark becomes real and the other disappears. Quantum tic-tac-toe illustrates a number of quantum principles including states, superposition, collapse, nonlocality, entanglement, the correspondence principle, interference, and decoherence. The game can be played on paper or on a white board. A Web-based version provides a refereed playing board to facilitate the mechanics of play, making it ideal for classrooms with a computer projector.

A digital micro‐mirror device‐based system for the microfabrication of complex, spatially patterned tissue engineering scaffolds

Our ability to create precise, pre-designed, spatially patterned biochemical and physical microenvironments inside polymer scaffolds could provide a powerful tool in studying progenitor cell behavior and differentiation under biomimetic, three-dimensional (3D) culture conditions. We have developed a simple and fast, layer-by-layer microstereolithography system consisting of an ultra-violet light source, a digital micro-mirror masking device, and a conventional computer projector, that allows fabrication of complex internal features along with precise spatial distribution of biological factors inside a single scaffold. Photo-crosslinkable poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylates were used as the scaffold material, and murine bone marrow-derived cells were successfully encapsulated or seeded on fibronectin-functionalized scaffolds. Fluorescently-labeled polystyrene microparticles were used to show the capability of this system to create scaffolds with complex internal architectures and spatial patterns. We demonstrate that precisely controlled pore size and shapes can be easily fabricated using a simple, computer-aided process. Our results further indicate that multi-layered scaffolds with spatially distributed factors in the same layer or across different layers can be efficiently manufactured using this technique. These microfabricated scaffolds are conducive for osteogenic differentiation of marrow-derived stem cells, as indicated by efficient matrix mineralization.

World History Teachers' Use of Digital Primary Sources: The Effect of Training

Through surveys, interviews, observations, and field notes, I examined the beliefs and practices of six high school world history teachers regarding the use of digital primary sources and the potential added value of formal training in technology as a tool for instruction. Access to equipment (namely computer projectors and school computing facilities) was paramount in terms of digital primary source use; teachers with high levels of access to computing equipment were high-frequency users of digital primary sources, while those without access were not. While formal training did not necessarily result in an increased use of digital primary sources, it did affect the manner in which they were used. Teachers with low levels of technology training tended to use digital primary sources as an additive to their instruction instead of as a vehicle from which to engage students in historical thinking.

Assessing computer projection technology needs.

Computer projection technology is a widely accepted tool for delivering presentations. Many educators are responsible for purchasing the equipment for their departments to use, however, deciding which product to buy can be overwhelming. The authors present an overview of essential factors to consider when examining computer projectors. Also included is a 4-step process to assist educators when making these purchasing decisions.

Teaching molecular 3‐D literacy

Teaching molecular 3‐D literacy

Animation of Crystal Structure Variations with Pressure, Temperature and Composition

The mineralogical literature is full of images of crystal structures. These images provide a satisfying way to understand and interpret the results of a crystal structure analysis. They also provide a visual model for understanding many physical properties. For instance, an atomic-scale understanding of the cleavage in mica is immediately obtained once an image of its structure has been seen. Now, however, with the advent of personal computers that can compute and display images quickly, it is possible to routinely create dynamic images of crystal structures, not only by simply spinning them about an axis, but also as a function of temperature, pressure and composition. Examples of these animations are found on the cover of this volume and at the edges of the pages of this chapter. Such dynamic images are effective means for presenting papers at meetings using computer projectors, and could have a place in on-line journals. They can be a useful guide for understanding the results of an experiment and are indispensable in the classroom situation. Constructing a series of images, stored as bitmaps, and then displaying these images one after another is an effective way to make the computer animations. This paper presents an outline of the procedures for making these sorts of movies. It is anticipated that the contents of this chapter will soon be outdated, because computer-generated animation techniques are still rapidly developing. As such, we at least hope to provide a starting point and some motivation for those who would like to present and visualize their data in a new and exciting way. A movie can be easily constructed from a set of data if the data can be characterized by a one-dimensional parameter. Because a movie is a set of images, or frames, displayed as a function of time, we can use …

Development of a Digital Micromirror Spectrometer for Analytical Atomic Spectrometry

A digital micromirror device (DMD) has been incorporated into a novel spectrometer for use in analytical atomic spectrometry. The device can be taken from a commercial computer projector. A protective glass window covering the DMD chip limits the viewable wavelengths to the visible range. The DMD is used to project an image of the light source onto the exit plane of a flat-field spectrograph. A single photomultiplier tube is used for detection. The high switching rate of the micromirrors (15 μs) enables rapid full-spectrum capture, wavelength-modulation, source-modulation, fast narrow-wavelength window scans, and rapid-wavelength "jumping." Calcium, sodium, and potassium have been determined in several standard reference materials (tomato leaves, bovine liver, rice flour, total diet) by flame atomic absorption and emission spectrometry. Absorption sensitivities for each element are near the 0.02 μg/mL level, and detection limits for both absorption and emission are near the 0.01 μg/mL level. Elemental recoveries were within 10% of certified values for most reference materials.

Using Presentation Graphics Software to Introduce On-Line Sources

Internet workshops and other classes involving online tools can be made more effective through the use of presentation graphics software. Such software allows presenters to snapshot and modify screens of computer information. They can then highlight the information paths and techniques they want the audience to be aware of and, during the presentation, can click through the captured screens without having to worry about typing errors, slow response time, or other computer glitches. Presentation software is ideal for presentations using computer projectors, but can also be helpful in other contexts. This article discusses the creation of a presentation about the Internet using Freelance Graphics and lists other presentation software programs.