Computer-integrated Technologies Research Articles

Methodology of software development for artificial microclimate control systems

The specificity of accelerated software development for microcontrollers is considered. The software development technique for a program-logic controller is presented on the example of an algorithm for controlling the industrial premises microclimate. The method of “dew point” for the control system of industrial air conditioning. The analysis of the functioning of the control system of industrial air conditioning according to the “dew point” method has been carried out and a block diagram of the control system of an artificial microclimate has been proposed. Structurally, the mathematical description of an artificial microclimate system is presented, which takes into account the nonlinearity of mass-exchange processes of air preparation. It can be used by specialists to implement computer-integrated technologies and to analyze and adjust the parameters of the control system of industrial air conditioners.

Проектно-орієнтовані STEM-дисципліни для студентів інженерних спеціальностей

One of the world-recognized practices of modern higher education is the application of problem-based and project-based approaches to teaching STEM-disciplines. In case of integration of problem-based and project-based learning, the educational process is organized around the problem to be solved by students and stimulates them to find optimal strategies for solving, and project activities are chosen as a way of organizing work. The article describes the ongoing experience of implementation of project-based STEM-courses "Hydro- and Gas Dynamics" and "Applied Mechanics and Fundamentals of Design", which is part of training of engineering students of 151 Automation and Computer-integrated technologies speciality at the Bohdan Khmelnytskyy National University of Cherkasy during 2017-2019 academic years. The impact of problem-based and project-based approaches to teaching STEM-disciplines on the formation of professional and general competencies of future engineers had been analyzed. The dynamics of changes of personal and interpersonal skills of junior students during the teamwork on mono- and multidisciplinary projects had been studied. The case study method was chosen as the general research method, which corresponds to the number of research participants and the active role of researchers in the educational process. The results of surveys developed using the 5-point Likert scale, demonstrates that students mostly positively evaluate the projects and teamwork. The possibility of self-grouping, which made possible to form teams based on common interests and promote freer and more natural communication within the team, was the important factor of positive perception of project work. The disadvantages of the implemented approaches include the difficulties that manifested itself at the stage of students' planning of the project process. One of the reasons for this is the lack of previous experience in the realization of students' team projects. The introduction of multidisciplinary projects made it possible to optimize the workload of students working simultaneously on a project in two disciplines and increase the motivation to study the disciplines of the STEM cycle.

COMPONENTS OF AUTOMATED INTELLECTUAL SYSTEMS SUPPORTING DECISIONS AT THE STAGE OF OPERATION AND EQUIPMENT DIAGNOSTICS OF NUCLEAR POWER UNITS

The results of studies of parameters, characteristics and performance of NPP units by mathematical modeling methods using computer-integrated technologies for their implementation, which allow to simulate many functional states of systems and equipment of NPP units during the simulation experiment are presented. The general structure of interaction of blocks of software complex for analysis of efficiency of work and parametric diagnostics of NPP units with WWER is developed. The structure of the block of programs of parametric diagnostics of equipment of NPP units is presented. The essence of methods and approaches of parametric diagnostics of power unit equipment is considered.

Інженерно-технічна освіта і наука: здобутки та перспективи

Проаналізовано здобутки інженерно-технічної освіти і науки в НЛТУ України. Коротко висвітлено історію формування Навчально-наукового інституту інженерної механіки, автоматизації та комп'ютерно-інтегрованих технологій. Окреслено спеціальності, за якими в інституті готують бакалаврів, магістрів і докторів філософії. Розглянуто структуру інституту, його кадрове та матеріально-технічне забезпечення. Викладено інформацію про участь фахівців інституту в розроблянні проектів стандартів вищої освіти України для бакалаврського й магістерського рівнів та в удосконалюванні науково-технічної термінології. Подано результати впровадження наскрізної програми екологізування навчального процесу. Наголошено на важливості застосування матеріальної бази курсів готування водіїв транспортних засобів для навчання студентів за спеціальностями інституту. Охарактеризовано оригінальні наукові школи, основні наукові проблеми та напрями досліджень. Розглянуто доробок науковців інституту за десятирічний термін. Виокремлено важливість проведення освітянської та наукової діяльності у співпраці з галузевими підприємствами. Висвітлено складники міжнародної співпраці для розвивання інженерно-технічної освіти. Викладено перспективи розвивання її в НЛТУ України для фахівців лісового господарства, деревообробної та меблевої промисловості.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE GASES REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY FROM CALCIUM SODA PRODUCTION SOLUTIONS

The theoretical bases of gas regeneration from solutions of calcined soda production by ammonia (HCV) and algorithms of mathematical statistics for the development of model by one of the methods of regression analysis are considered in the article. As a result of the calculations, a multi-parameter mathematical model was obtained. To test the hypothesis about the adequacy of the obtained mathematical model (stationarity of the process), for one series of studies and 300 studies in it, the value of the Fisher criterion (Frazr.) Was calculated. The values of Fisher's criterion were analyzed, which showed that the condition Frazr. > Ft. Therefore, the obtained multivariable mathematical model is adequate to the experimental data. It is proved that the relationship between dependent and independent parameters is not accidental. The calculated values of Student's t-criteria for the parameters of the developed mathematical model are given. Analysis of the obtained calculated Student's t-test values for the three parameters of the mathematical model shows that they are all larger than the Student's t-test values, and therefore significant in the obtained mathematical model and characterize the ranking of the corresponding parameters by the magnitude of their influence on this model as a whole. It is substantiated that the obtained mathematical model can be used for the development of computer-integrated technology of gas regeneration from HCV solutions based on modern microprocessor controllers, which will contribute to the effective functioning and energy saving of HCV as a whole.

Обґрунтування автоматизації комп’ютерно-інтегрованої технології ідентифікації та моніторингу нафтових забруднень

Обґрунтування автоматизації комп’ютерно-інтегрованої технології ідентифікації та моніторингу нафтових забруднень

ПРОГРАМНІ ЗАСОБИ NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS У НАВЧАННІ ОСНОВ ІДЕНТИФІКАЦІЇ ОБ'ЄКТІВ АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЇ СТУДЕНТІВ-ІНЖЕНЕРІВ

The purpose of this paper is to consider the possibilities concerning the organization of learning activity of engineering students in "151. Automatization and Computer-Integrated Technologies" in the case of study of the discipline "Systems of design, identification and modelling" by using the software of National Instruments corporation. An example of using of system identification tasks as problem tasks, which are solved during the preparation of course work by engineering students, is described. The peculiarities of using of such software as NI System Identification Assistant and NI LabVIEW are also considered. The realization of procedure of parametric identification of automation objects by NI System Identification Assistant for case of data obtained with using NI virtual measurement instruments is presented in detail.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НАЛАШТУВАННЯ CFD-ПРОГРАМ ДЛЯ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ВИТРАТОМІРІВ

In this paper, the authors conducted study of a number of parameters configuring the CFD-program Flow Simulations of the CAD SolidWorks for increasing the efficiency of modelling of ultrasonic flowmeters and orifice flowmeters. According to the results of the work, the authors proposed criterion for the accuracy of mass flow reproduction by means of CFD simulation and the ranges of CFD-program Flow Simulations parameters setup of the CAD SolidWorks: the optimal type of boundary conditions at the inlet and outlet of the three-dimensional layout of the measuring section of the pipeline with a flow meter of a certain type is selected; location of the inlet section of the flowmeter; minimum-sufficient value of the level of fragmentation of the basic simulation grid; the distance between the creator modified grid of a three-dimensional layout. The recommendations suggested by the authors provide an opportunity to provide a reproduction of mass flow during the modelling of gas-dynamic phenomena in the considered flow meters with an error of not more than 1%, with the minimum possible duration of the model's solution. This allows you to improve the efficiency of simulations of flowmeters using the CFD-program Flow Simulations of the CAD SolidWorks. The results of the work are especially relevant when using computational fluid dynamics for conducting time-limited training courses for students of technical specialties, in particular in the field of automation and computer-integrated technologies. The recommendations given by the authors of the work on the software settings of CFD-program Flow Simulations of the CAD SolidWorks can be interpreted for both the considered and other CFD-programs that are used to solve scientific applications of ultrasonic flowmeters and orifice flowmeters.

Parametric classification of pistons of internal combustion engines parts according to the "hole axis shift relative to the piston axis" criterion

As a result of the research, a classification rule has been established that allows to determine whether the piston belongs to the class of good, or to the class of rejection by the criterion "hole axis shift relative to the piston axis". The resulting classification rule has the form of a linear discriminant function and can be applied in decision support systems when choosing design solutions within the framework of a computer-integrated technology for cast piston design

Computer­integrated technology for the early detection of breaches in the borehole walls stability in the drilling process

We substantiated and examined computer-integrated technology for the early detection of breaches in the stability of walls of a borehole based on the knowledge base of clear rules that allow operating the sets of input technological parameters and preventing emergencies. A formal mechanism is proposed for supporting the decision-making process in real time based on the operation with logic functions to detect breaches in the stability of walls of a borehole. This makes it possible to directly operate with the developed clear logic structure and information on the current values of controlled factors and to provide intelligent support for the process of decision-making when establishing governing values for the controlled parameters of a technological process. A basis of the devised formal mechanism is the model that is presented in the normal disjunctive form. It provides for a high level of analysis of the current input information and the formation of decision on the breach of stability of the walls of a borehole with the loss of circulation. We realized the scheme of logic device (finite automaton), designed for the early detection of breach in the stability of walls of a borehole in the process of drilling oil and gas boreholes, which is based on logic function and the Veitch-Karnaugh methods. The designed device, based on the current information about the factors of drilling process, generates optimal decision regarding early detection of breach in the stability of walls of a borehole.

Computer Integrated Construction and Facility Management

The construction industry is the next frontier as a new, computer-integrated technologies, just as it did 25 years ago of the manufacturing industry. Recently, earlier is the unlikely birth of Internet intranet technologies for design and created a new cooperation mechanism. The advances that have occurred in the manufacturing industry in the areas of collaborative design, intelligent process planning and computer-integrated manufacturing provide significant insights for formulating analogous paradigms for computer-integrated construction. However, in many ways, enabling technologies to achieve development in the construction sector this shift rather than repackaging existing technologies and tools, has been as subtle as manufacturing. In this paper, we draw attention to some of the significant research opportunities and challenges that exist in these areas of collaborative design and computer-integrated construction.

Use of computer-integrated technologies of designing in foundry

The results of mathematical modeling of shrinkage and formation of shrink defects in the moulded body parts, using a variety of materials and structural components of foundry equipment, are given in the article.

Use of computer-integrated systems and technology in the production of pistons

У статті наведені результати комп’ютерного моделювання усадки та формування усадкових дефектів в литих деталях типа «поршень» при використанні різних термоізолюючих покриттів кокіля. На основі отриманих результатів зроблено висновок про важливість підбору матеріалу термоізолюючого покриття для зниження усадкових дефектів.

Multidimensional Arrays and the nArray Package

At the Johns Hopkins University’s Engineering Research Center for Computer-Integrated Surgical Systems and Technology (ERC-CISST) laboratory, we have designed and developed a platformindependent C++ software package, called the nArray library, that provides a unified framework for efficiently working with multidimensional data sets. In this paper, we present and discuss the core elements of the library, including its intuitive and uniform API, efficient arithmetic engine algorithm, and efficient sub-volume algorithm. We then compare the performance of the nArray library with that of an existing multidimensional array toolkit, ITK. We conclude that the nArray library is more efficient than ITK in many situations, especially in operations on sub-arrays, and that the two packages have comparable performance in many other scenarios. The underlying algorithms, if incorporated in ITK, can help improve its performance.

Development of an auto-painting technology for dental burs

This paper describes the development of an auto-painting machine of dental burs using computer-integrated technology to complete the mechatronic work. Computer-aided techniques are employed in the design of the painting system, allowing clear presentation of ideas and modifications to be made easily. The proposed automatic design proves to be superior to manual operation, not only in terms of greater efficiency and higher quality, but also lower production costs.

Simulating the Transfer of New Production Technologies

New methods are proposed for assessing the efficiency of multi-model computer systems for the analysis of adoption and transfer of complex computer-integrated technologies under unfavorable economic conditions.

Computer-integrated collaborative design and operation in the construction industry

The construction industry is emerging as the next frontier for computer-integrated technologies, just as the manufacturing industry did 25 years ago. More recently, the emergence of Internet–Intranet technologies is creating new mechanisms for collaborative design and operation that were previously impossible. The advances that have occurred in the manufacturing industry in the areas of collaborative design, intelligent process planning and computer-integrated manufacturing provide significant insights for formulating analogous paradigms for computer-integrated construction. However, in many aspects, the development of enabling technologies (for design, operation and decision-making) to achieve this transformation in the construction industry is not as trivial as repackaging existing technologies and tools that have been developed for the manufacturing industry. In this paper, we draw attention to some of the significant research opportunities and challenges that exist in these areas of collaborative design and computer-integrated construction, and outline some related researches at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Using IDEF and QFD to develop an organizational decision support methodology for the strategic justification of computer-integrated technologies

The paper presents some issues relevant to the strategic justification of computer-integrated enterprise technologies for small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises. To address the issue of making a strategic justification or ‘business case’ for these technologies, an organizational decision-making methodology that incorporates the strategies of the firm is needed, among other requirements. A research and development approach that integrates Quality Function Deployment and idef0 functional modeling to determine the requirements and processes for the justification methodology is presented. This approach has implications for future research and development for similar organizational decision-support processes and business-process reengineering.

Human Resource Management and Technical Change.

PART ONE: INTRODUCTION TO THE ISSUES Personnel Management, Human Resource Management and Technical Change - Jon Clark The Role of Personnel Specialists - Karen Legge Centrality or Marginalization? PART TWO: HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND TECHNICAL CHANGE IN PRACTICE Findings from the Workplace Industrial Relations Surveys - W W Daniel and Neil Millward Personnel Leadership in Technical and Human Resource Change - Chris Hendry Human Resource Specialists and Technical Change at Greenfield Sites - David Preece Full Flexibility and Self-Supervision in an Automated Factory - Jon Clark Human Resource Management in 'Surveillance' Companies - Graham Sewell and Barry Wilkinson Introducing On-Line Processing - David Collinson Conflicting Human Resource Policies in Insurance Technical Change and Human Resource Management in the Non-Union Firm - Ian McLoughlin Towards Factory 2000 - John Bessant Designing Organizations for Computer-Integrated Technologies PART THREE: CONCLUSION Managing People in a Time of Technical Change - Jon Clark Conclusions and Implications

Organization design for factory 2000

AbstractEvidence suggests that the effective implementation of advanced computer‐integrated technologies in manufacturing depends upon a considerable degree of organizational adaptation. One interpretation of such radical technological change suggests that it is part of a pervasive paradigm shift which is reframing the rules governing best practice in manufacturing and that organization design needs to involve a complete reappraisal rather than a minor adjustment. This article reviews evidence for the emergence of such a paradigm shift and presents some case study data on the nature of organizational changes which characterize it. It concludes with some suggested guidelines for organization designers working toward suitable models for factory organization and management into the next century.