Digital Files Research Articles

Novel digital technique for measuring the volumetric healing process of free gingival grafts surrounding dental implants

The objective of the present study was to analyze and describe a new digital technique for analyzing the volumetric healing process of free gingival grafts in both donor and recipient locations surrounding a dental implant, as well as to compare the reliability of conventional and digital techniques for measuring the width of the free gingival graft in the recipient location throughout the healing process.Materials and methodsTen patients presenting with mucositis linked to a dental implant were included. A preoperative soft tissue width <2 mm, with probing pocket depth <5 mm, edema and inflammation and bleeding on probing was determined A digital impression was taken of both donor and recipient locations using an intraoral scan, generating a Standard Tessellation Language digital file both preoperatively (STL1) and after 1 week (STL2), 1 month (STL3), 3 months (STL4), and 6 months (STL5) of follow-up. Afterwards, the digital files (STL1-STL5) were aligned using a reverse engineering morphometric software, and Student's t-test was used to analyze changes in volume at the donor and recipient locations. Additionally, widths were measured both clinically and digitally so as to compare the reliability of these measurement techniques. The repeatability and reproducibility of both these measurement techniques were also analyzed using Gage R&R statistical analysis.ResultsGage R&R found that total variability of the digital technique was 0.6% (among the measures of each operator) and 7.6% (among operators); as variability was under 10%, the results were repeatable and reproducible. In addition, there were statistically significant differences between donor and recipient locations in healing process volume (mm3) after one week (p = 0.0110), one month (p = 0.0007), three months (p < 0.0001) and six months (p = 0.0004) of follow-up.ConclusionThe digital measurement technique provided accurate, repeatable, and reproducible results when analyzing the volumetric and lineal measures of the healing process in both the donor and recipient locations of a free gingival graft surrounding a dental implant, with significantly higher tissue volume in the recipient location.

Effect of testosterone therapy on breast tissue composition and mammographic breast density in trans masculine individuals

BackgroundThe effect of gender-affirming testosterone therapy (TT) on breast cancer risk is unclear. This study investigated the association between TT and breast tissue composition and breast tissue density in trans masculine individuals (TMIs).MethodsOf the 444 TMIs who underwent chest-contouring surgeries between 2013 and 2019, breast tissue composition was assessed in 425 TMIs by the pathologists (categories of lobular atrophy and stromal composition) and using our automated deep-learning algorithm (% epithelium, % fibrous stroma, and % fat). Forty-two out of 444 TMIs had mammography prior to surgery and their breast tissue density was read by a radiologist. Mammography digital files, available for 25/42 TMIs, were analyzed using the LIBRA software to obtain percent density, absolute dense area, and absolute non-dense area. Linear regression was used to describe the associations between duration of TT use and breast tissue composition or breast tissue density measures, while adjusting for potential confounders. Analyses stratified by body mass index were also conducted.ResultsLonger duration of TT use was associated with increasing degrees of lobular atrophy (p < 0.001) but not fibrous content (p = 0.82). Every 6 months of TT was associated with decreasing amounts of epithelium (exp(β) = 0.97, 95% CI 0.95,0.98, adj p = 0.005) and fibrous stroma (exp(β) = 0.99, 95% CI 0.98,1.00, adj p = 0.05), but not fat (exp(β) = 1.01, 95%CI 0.98,1.05, adj p = 0.39). The effect of TT on breast epithelium was attenuated in overweight/obese TMIs (exp(β) = 0.98, 95% CI 0.95,1.01, adj p = 0.14). When comparing TT users versus non-users, TT users had 28% less epithelium (exp(β) = 0.72, 95% CI 0.58,0.90, adj p = 0.003). There was no association between TT and radiologist’s breast density assessment (p = 0.58) or LIBRA measurements (p > 0.05).ConclusionsTT decreases breast epithelium, but this effect is attenuated in overweight/obese TMIs. TT has the potential to affect the breast cancer risk of TMIs. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the effect of TT on breast density and breast cancer risk.

Pretransplant NT-proBNP levels are associated with mortality among lung transplant recipients.

The prognostic significance of pretransplant N-terminal pro-brain (B)-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level has not been investigated in lung transplant recipients. The electronic files of 173 patients with chronic lung disease who underwent lung transplantation in 2018-2022 at a tertiary medical center were retrospectively reviewed. Right heart catheterization (RHC) and NT-proBNP determination were performed preoperatively in all cases. Pretransplant demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were compared between posttransplant survivors and nonsurvivors. Correlations of NT-proBNP values with lung function and RHC parameters and all-cause mortality were analyzed. NT-proBNP level correlated positively with mean pulmonary artery pressure (R = 0.51, p < 0.001) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) (R = 0.45, p = 0.0013), and negatively with diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide (R = -0.25, p = 0.0017), cardiac index (R = -0.26, p = 0.001), and cardiac output (R = -0.23, p = 0.004). Over a median follow-up time of 23.22 months, 74 patients died. On univariate analysis, mortality was significantly associated with higher log-NT-proBNP (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15-2.05, p = 0.016), older age at transplant registration (HR = 1.033, 95% CI 1.009-1.058, p = 0.0068), higher PVR (HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.07-1.23, p = 0.015), and lower cardiac output (HR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.42-0.92, p = 0.045). On multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index, mortality significance was maintained only for higher log-NT-proBNP (HR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.12-2.11, p = 0.007). Among lung transplant recipients, pretransplant NT-proBNP levels correlated well with RHC parameters and were strongly associated with posttransplantation mortality. Assessment of NT-proBNP may improve risk stratification of lung transplant candidates.

ACCESSING TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE OF AN ELECTRONIC RECORDS MANAGEMENT PLATFORM FOR ACADEMIC RECORDS ‘E-COF’ AMONG ACADEMICIAN

Using technology to manage files can increase the organization's quality and productivity. This study addressed the product innovation of the electronic course file management system known as an e-COF platform used by academicians at a public university in Negeri Sembilan designed for managing the course files. This study investigated the academicians’ perceived of usefulness, perceived ease of use, user satisfaction, attribute of usability, and behavioural intention to use the e-Cof platform. Descriptive and inferential statistics were analysed using the latest version of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Findings indicated that perceived of usefulness, perceived ease of use, user satisfaction, attribute of usability, and behavioral intention to use towards e-Cof platform were at a positive level with an average overall mean of 4.0 for all the statements. Findings also indicated that the gender and years of working experience of the academicians do not differ towards e-COF. This study provides significant feedback on public university academicians’ acceptance of new technology used for academic file management. This study will also help university administrators to better understand and cater to the need for reliable and stable electronic file management at public universities.

New ways of working and psychological well-being: work intensity as a target variable of job resources

PurposeDigitalization and flexibility of workplaces as aspects of new ways of working are associated both positively and negatively with employees’ well-being. However, the mechanisms behind this relationship are not clear yet. We present work intensity as a link between new ways of working and psychological well-being. Furthermore, we address two job resources to alter this association: autonomy and boundary control.Design/methodology/approachOverall, 1,099 employees of a public administration organization participated in the survey and answered a web-based questionnaire. The organization was in the transition to new ways of working including the introduction of a digital filing system and remote work.FindingsThe results of regression analyses provided evidence that flexibility and dissolution of boundaries were positively related to work intensity, which in turn was associated with emotional exhaustion and work engagement. Thus, new ways of working were negatively associated with psychological well-being, mediated by work intensity. Further analyses revealed that the job resources of autonomy and boundary control moderated the relationship between flexibility respectively dissolution of boundaries with work intensity. Thus, these job resources acted as buffering factors and mitigated the association of new ways of working with work intensity.Originality/valueThe results indicated that work intensity could be perceived as a conceptual bridge between new ways of working and psychological well-being providing a promising target variable for the deployment of job resources to preserve employees’ well-being.

Forecasting the cutting force in end milling

The object of this study is the process of end milling, taking into account the discontinuity of the process, simultaneous cutting with several flutes arranged in a spiral, tool runout, and feedback in the elastic machining system, in particular, for the depth of cutting. The subject of the study is the cutting force and identification of its empirical model. During identification, the cutting force coefficient is automatically determined when matching the theoretical and experimental oscillograms of the cutting force component. The reported results related to forecasting the cutting force at end milling are based on a mechanistic approach and involve the process modeling method for forecasting. The simulation uses an algorithm for representing the interaction of the cutter flutes workpiece engagement, based on the scan of the cutter according to the rotation angle coordinate. The algorithm makes it possible to identify empirical coefficients and exponents of the cutting force model based on experimental oscillograms of cutting force components. The built model is implemented in an application program and owing to the representation of the machining system in the form of a closed structural diagram, it allows predicting the elastic displacement, which will determine the actual cutting depth. The developed program under an interactive mode using digital files of experimental cutting force components makes it possible to perform model identification and predict cutting force components with an error of 4.6 %. The adequacy of the algorithms was confirmed by measuring the profile of the machined surface in the places where the cutting mode changed with the feed stopped. The developed simulation algorithm makes it possible to take into account the simultaneous cutting by several flutes arranged in a spiral, the runout of the tool, and the feedback in the elastic machining system, in particular, the depth of cutting

Offering family intervention for psychosis in a forensic service; a quality improvement project

There is strong evidence supporting the use of family intervention (FI) as standard practice for all families of service users with psychosis (NICE, 2014). In practice, most mental health services have been found to fall short of this ideal, most commonly due to limitations in resources such as dedicated time and training (Ince et al., 2016). Other barriers named in this systematic review include staff lack of confidence in skills, undervaluing the model of therapy and dominance of the medical model of treatment. This paper details a quality improvement project examining the provision and barriers to provision of FI in an NHS forensic mental health service consisting of medium secure wards, low secure wards and a community team. Information was gathered from a range of sources including electronic files, questionnaires and interviews. Approximately a third of the client group (n=208) were found to be eligible for FI on the basis of diagnosis and family contact, but records indicated that FI had only been considered for a third of those eligible. Barriers to delivery of FI in the service are identified alongside recommendations for service improvement. Whilst these are specific to the service studied, there are parallels with findings from other research, and the recommendations may be transferable to other services

Assessing PCR-Positive Acanthamoeba Keratitis-A Retrospective Chart Review.

Ophthalmologists' diagnostic and treatment competence in Acanthamoeba keratitis varies widely. This investigator-initiated, retrospective, single-center chart review examined the electronic patient files regarding PCR-positive Acanthamoeba keratitis. We included corneal and contact lens assessments. We further reviewed the patient's medical history, corneal scraping results regarding viral or fungal co-infections, and the duration from symptom onset to final diagnosis. We identified 59 eyes of 52 patients from February 2010 to February 2023, with 31 of 52 (59.6%) being female patients. The median (IQR, range) patient age was 33 (25.3 to 45.5 [13 to 90]) years, and the mean (SD, range) time to diagnosis after symptom onset was 18 (10.5 to 35 [3 to 70]) days. Overall, 7 of 52 (7.7%) patients displayed a bilateral Acanthamoeba infection, and 48 (92.3%) used contact lenses at symptom onset. Regarding other microbiological co-infections, we found virologic PCR testing in 45 of 52 (86.5%) patients, with 3 (6.7%) positive corneal scrapings. Fungal cultures were performed in 49 of 52 (94.2%) patients, with 5 (10.2%) positive corneal scrapings. The medical treatment success rate was 45/46 (97.8%). This study raises awareness of patient education in contact lens handling and screens for further microbial co-infections in suspected Acanthamoeba cases.

Health status of Hemodialysis Patients with End Stage Kidney Disease in Kirkuk City

Background: Hemodialysis is a treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in which a machine filters waste and excess fluids from the blood for patients whose kidneys can no longer perform this function on their own. The health status of a hemodialysis patient can vary depending on several factors, including the underlying cause of their kidney disease, their overall health and medical history, the effectiveness of their dialysis treatments, and their adherence to their treatment plan. Aim: This study aimed to assess health status of hemodialysis patients with end stage kidney disease in Kirkuk city: 2023-2024. Methods: Cross –sectional study design conducted from 10 February 2023 to 22 May 2024.This study was conducted at Kirkuk City Hospitals . A purposive sample (non-probability) consisting of 100 patients under hemodialysis at Kirkuk city hospitals . . Data were collected using an interview-structured questionnaire. The structured questionnaire consisted of three main domain includes demographic data, medical data and health status domain which includes (independency, daily physical activity, psychosocial, and life adaptation. A three-point Likert scale was employed, with (3) representing always, (2) some times and (1) for never. Mean of score categorized as low significant less than 1.8, moderate significant :1.8 to 2.39 and high significant between 2.4 to 3. The data were prepared, organized and entered into the computer file; Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) (23 version .The significance level for statistical analysis was set at p&lt;0.05.. The descriptive data analysis (frequencies, percentages) and inferential statics by use Anova and T, test was used for categorical variables Results: The results shows the male more than female and constitute 60 (60.0%), most of "Age Groups", between (50-59) years and constitute 35.0% in the dialysis patients Conclusions: health status of patients with hemodialysis patients different according to independency, daily physical activities, psycho- social aspects, and adaptation of life., mean score for hemodialysis patients were high and moderate in most items, Health status of hemodialysis patients were poor, Socio-demographic characteristics of hemodialysis patients age, gender, marital status and occupation has significant effect on health status at p&lt;0.05.

Predictive value of invasive mechanical ventilation parameters for mortality in COVID-19 related ARDS: a retrospective cohort study

The 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) can generate acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), requiring advanced management within the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) using invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV However, managing this phenomenon has seen learning and improvements through direct experience. Therefore, this study aims were to describe the assessment of the different IMV variables in patients with post-COVID-19 hospitalized in the ICU and their relation with mortality. Observational and retrospective study. The sample was divided into two, the surviving group (SG) and the non-surviving group (NSG). Clinical data were extracted from the electronic clinical file and the respiratory therapist record sheet. The following information was obtained: Patient medical history: gender, age, co-morbidities, arterial gases, days on IMV, and IMV parameters. Out of a total of 101 patients, the total mortality was 32%. There was a significant decrease in respiratory rate (RR) (29.12 ± 4.24–26.78 ± 3.59, p = 0.006), Driving pressure (DP) (11.33 ± 2.39–9.67 ± 1.84, p = 0.002), Ventilatory rate (VR) (2.26 ± 0.66–1.89 ± 0.45, p = 0.001) and a significant rise in Static compliance (Cest) (35.49 ± 8.64–41.45 ± 9.62, p = 0.003) and relation between Arterial oxygen pressure/Inspirated oxygen fraction (PaO2/FiO2) (201.5 ± 53.98- 227.8 ± 52.11, p = 0.008) after 72 h of IMV, within the NSG compared to the SG. Apart from these points, multi-morbidity (HR = 3.208, p = 0.010) and DP (HR = 1.228, p = 0.030) and VR variables (HR = 2.267, p = 0.027) had more death probabilities. The results of this study indicate that there was a significant increase in RR, DP, VR, and CO2 and a significant drop in Cest and PaO2/FiO2 among the NSG compared with the SG. Apart from this, the DP and VR variables, multi-morbidity and being male. have more possibility of death.

Exploring the link between ambient PM2.5 concentrations and respiratory diseases in the elderly: a study in the Muang district of Khon Kaen, Thailand.

The impact of air pollution is a major public health concern. However, there are few studies on the correlation between PM2.5 and respiratory infections. This study aimed to determine a link between PM2.5 and respiratory diseases among the elderly in Thailand. The data source for this study consisted of 43 electronic files from the Khon Kaen Provincial Health Office covering years 2020 and 2021 and surveyed a total of 43,534 people. The generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to determine the adjusted odds ratio (AOR), and 95 % CI. We found that exposure to PM2.5 concentrations (in 10 μg m-3 increments) was associated with respiratory diseases (AOR: 3.98; 95 % CI [1.53-10.31]). Respondents who are male, aged less than 80 years, single, self-employed, or working as contractors, have a body mass index (BMI) not equal to the standard, have NCDs (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease), are smokers, live in sub-districts where more than 5 % of the land is planted to sugarcane, or live in close proximity to a biomass power plant were at significantly higher risk of developing respiratory diseases (p<0.05). Therefore, environmental factors including ambient PM2.5 concentrations, the proportion of sugarcane plantation areas, and biomass power plants impact the occurrence of respiratory diseases among the elderly. Also, demographic factors and NCDs are serious issues. Systematic approaches to reducing PM2.5 levels in industrial and agricultural sectors are necessary for both the general population and vulnerable groups, including the elderly and NCD patients.

Document Verification and Validation based on Blockchain Technology

Based on statistics provided by the Indian Ministry of Education, it is evident that approximately one million graduates enter the job market or pursue higher education each year. Some individuals will pursue further education at high schools or university institutions, while others will be equipped to seek employment opportunities. The students with performance records, transcripts ofgrades, diplomas, etc., will serve as a crucial point of reference for admission to new institutions or jobs when they have completed their studies. Schools include only the names of students and schools when creating various prizes or diplomas. Events that result in the graduation document being forged are frequently recognized since there is no effective anti-forge system. The blockchain-based digital document system would be suggested as a solution to the issue of document forgery. In this system, issuing digital documents is done in the manner listed below. Create an electronic version of a paper document and add it to the database, along with any relevant data. Meanwhile, it is necessary to determine the hash value of the electronic file. This hash value must then be appendedto the block within the chain system. To attach to the paper document, the system will generate a connected QR code and an inquiry string code. It will enable the demand unitto check the validity of the paper document using website searches or mobile phone scanning. The technology not only increases the legitimacy of various paper-based documents but also significantly lowers the chance of document loss because of the blockchain's changeable qualities. Keywords: Blockchain, Data Mining, Multi-cloud Data Security, Proxy Key Generation.

Dosing and treatment duration of suppressive antimicrobial therapy in orthopedic implant infections: a cohort study.

Introduction: Limited data inform about the optimal dosing and duration of suppressive antimicrobial therapy (SAT) for orthopedic implant infection (OII). We aimed to compare the effectiveness of low-dosage with standard-dosage SAT and evaluate the safety of stopping SAT. Methods: All patients with OII treated with SAT from 2011 to 2022 were retrospectively included. Data were extracted from electronic patient files. Low-dosage SAT was defined as antimicrobial therapy dosed lower than the standard dosage recommended for OII. The association of dosing strategy and other factors with failure-free survival were assessed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard models. Results: One-hundred-and-eight patients were included. The median follow-up time after SAT initiation was 21months (interquartile range (IQR) 10-42 months). SAT was successful in 74 patients (69 %). Low-dosage SAT ( ) was not associated with failure in univariate (hazard ratio (HR) 1.23, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.53-2.83) and multivariate analyses (HR 1.24, 95 % CI 0.54-2.90). In 25 patients (23 %), SAT was stopped after a median treatment duration of 26 months. In this group, one patient (4 %) developed a relapse. Conclusions: In this study, low-dosage SAT was as effective as standard dosage SAT. Moreover, stopping SAT after 2 to 3years may be justified in patients with a good clinical course. These findings warrant further research on optimal dosing and duration of SAT and on the durability of in vivo biofilms.

Early postoperative pain and 30-day complications following major abdominal surgery: a retrospective cohort study

BackgroundIncreasing evidence supports a positive relationship between the intensity of early postoperative pain, and the risk of 30-day postoperative complications. Higher pain levels may hamper recovery and contribute to immunosuppression...

The maximal Tori of finite exceptional groups of Lie type

Let G(q) be a twisted or untwisted finite exceptional group of Lie type over GF ( q ) , either adjoint or simply connected, and let W be the Weyl group of G(q). This paper compiles an extensive data set on the maximal tori of G(q). A systematic labeling is given, via the corresponding conjugacy classes of W, together with a complete list of the structures of the maximal tori in terms of their torsion coefficient decomposition. Additionally the associated admissible graphs and the structure or shape of centralizers of elements in W are given as well as compatible computer files. Also various apparent inconsistencies in the current literature on simply connected groups are discussed and resolved.

Comparing the trueness of 3D printing and conventional casting for the fabrication of removable partial denture metal frameworks for patients with different palatal vault depths: An in vitro study

Statement of problemThe success of a removable partial denture depends on its fit, and, with conventional casting, the framework is more distorted in patients with a deep palatal vault. Questions remain about whether the three-dimensional (3D) printing technique for fabricating a framework can improve the accuracy of fit for these patients. PurposeThe purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the trueness of metal frameworks fabricated by selective laser melting, 3D printing pattern casting, and conventional casting for different palatal vault depths. Material and methodsA total of 30 partially edentulous maxillary casts were custom-made in 15 medium and 15 deep palatal vaults. All stone casts were scanned as reference models in digital files. For the medium palatal vault casts, Co-Cr frameworks of the conventional casting (CON) group (n=5) were fabricated with the lost wax technique. For the 3D printing pattern casting (PPC) group (n=5), wax patterns of the framework were printed, followed by metal casting. The frameworks created for the selective laser melting (SLM) group (n=5) were printed directly by using the SLM machine. The same procedures were followed for the deep palatal vault group. All the metal frameworks were scanned and superimposed with the reference casts by using the Geomagic Control X software program. Discrepancies were measured as mean ±standard deviation (trueness), and the data were statistically analyzed with a 2-way ANOVA test to evaluate the interaction of 2 independent factors (fabrication techniques and palatal vault depths) on a trueness outcome (α=.05). ResultsThe lowest mean ±standard deviation value was 0.092 ±0.023 mm, found from the SLM framework with deep palatal vault group, while the highest value was 0.194 ±0.017 mm, found from the CON framework with deep palatal vault group. Different fabrication techniques interacted with different palatal vault depths in terms of trueness (P<.05); however, no significant differences were observed in the medium palatal vault groups (P>.05). Additionally, color mapping demonstrated the gaps of metal frameworks among the 6 groups. ConclusionsWith the conventional casting technique, the accuracy of the metal framework was affected by the depth of the palate. For medium palatal vaults, all fabricated frameworks had clinically acceptable fit. For deep palatal vaults, the SLM frameworks showed the lowest discrepancy. As a result, the SLM technique is advised for fabricating a better-fitting metal framework for patients with a deep palatal vault.

Soft-Tissue Augmentation Around Dental Implants by a New Laser-Aided Pouch Roll Technique: Volumetric and Clinical Evaluation After 1 Year.

The ultimate goal in implantology is to restore the whole tooth-gingival complex in a fashion that cannot be distinguished from the rest of the natural dentition. This study assesses the volumetric and clinical changes in vestibular gingival soft tissues, crucial for satisfactory engraftment and esthetic results, upon treatment with laser-aided pouch roll augmentation in second-stage surgery for dental implant uncovering. Twelve patients with mild ridge deficiencies in 16 edentulous sites, including distal elements, were enrolled and reevaluated for up to 1 year. Digital impressions, taken with an intraoral laser scanner and software, were analyzed before (day 0) and after (month 12) treatment. The digital STL files were superimposed to assess volumetric and linear dimensional variations in selected peri-implant regions of interest by 3D analysis software. Clinical periodontal parameters (probing depth [PD], bleeding on probing [BoP], plaque index [PI]) and subjective patient-reported outcomes were also evaluated. In all patients, the applied technique induced a substantial increase in the volume of the vestibular peri-implant gingiva at 12-month follow-up (range, 24%-69%, mean 40.4%) with respect to day 0. The gingival mucosa appeared normal at both inspection and evaluation of the periodontal parameters (PD 2.7 ± 1 mm; BoP 0.11 ± 0.2 seconds; PI 0.19 ± 0). Patients' satisfaction with perceived pain/discomfort and esthetic outcome was high. These findings indicate that laser-aided pouch roll flap is a safe, patient-liked procedure whose long-term effectiveness has been objectively demonstrated by volumetric and clinical assessment.

Large file encryption in a reduced-round permutation-based AES file management system

In the rapid evolving digital landscape, the imperative to ensure data security has never been more crucial. This paper addresses the pressing challenges in data security by introducing a file encryption management system, leveraging a modified advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm with reduced round iterations and bit permutation. This system aims to comprehensively secure various file types, providing a dependable solution for file exchange. Our findings reveal substantial improvements in both encryption and decryption processes using the reduced-round permutation-based AES (RRPBA). The adapted algorithm demonstrates a significant 38.8% acceleration in encryption time and a remarkable 44.86% improvement in decryption time, positioning it as a pivotal component for efficient file operations within the management system. Moreover, the throughput assessments showcase a remarkable 33.73% improvement in encryption and 23.72% in decryption, outperforming the original AES, emphasizing the algorithm's superior computational effectiveness, signaling positive implications for future high-performance applications. In conclusion, the study not only addresses critical security challenges but also presents a viable solution with tangible speed advantages for file encryption and decryption processes within digital file management systems.

New e-book technologies

It is possible to turn all these books on library shelves into small electronic files, which can be marketed online in the form of CDs, computers have provided enormous possibilities for compressing, uploading, and handling files electronically. However, the required transition from the traditional paper book form to its digital counterpart still needs to develop specialized electronic devices, that allow readers to easily deal with the e-book, Without the need to connect to the network every time to browse books, in addition, such a transition requires a change in the marketing strategies of the books themselves and the overall administrative culture prevailing in the field of publishing. The e-book is making its way into the publishing field and the global book market, and this transformation is not intended to replace the paper book, but rather to provide an additional form of access for books to the readers

Experimental Study of the Tensile Behavior of Structures Obtained by FDM 3D Printing Process.

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is one of the layer-based technologies that fall under the umbrella term "Additive Manufacturing", where the desired part is created through the successive layer-by-layer addition process with high accuracy using computer-aided design data. Additive manufacturing technology, or as it is commonly known, 3D (three-dimensional) printing, is a rapidly growing sector of manufacturing that is incorporated in automotive, aerospace, biomedical, and many other fields. This work explores the impact of the Additive Manufacturing process on the mechanical proprieties of the fabricated part. To conduct this study, the 3D printed tensile specimens are designed according to the ASTM D638 standards and printed from a digital template file using the FDM 3D printer Raise3D N2. The material chosen for this 3D printing parameter optimization is Polylactic acid (PLA). The FDM process parameters that were studied in this work are the infill pattern, the infill density, and the infill cell orientation. These factors' effects on the tensile behavior of printed parts were analyzed by the design of experiments method, using the statistical software MINITAB2020.