Computer Applications Research Articles

Leveraging Large Language Models and BERT for Log Parsing and Anomaly Detection

Computer systems and applications generate large amounts of logs to measure and record information, which is vital to protect the systems from malicious attacks and useful for repairing faults, especially with the rapid development of distributed computing. Among various logs, the anomaly log is beneficial for operations and maintenance (O&M) personnel to locate faults and improve efficiency. In this paper, we utilize a large language model, ChatGPT, for the log parser task. We choose the BERT model, a self-supervised framework for log anomaly detection. BERT, an embedded transformer encoder, with a self-attention mechanism can better handle context-dependent tasks such as anomaly log detection. Meanwhile, it is based on the masked language model task and next sentence prediction task in the pretraining period to capture the normal log sequence pattern. The experimental results on two log datasets show that the BERT model combined with an LLM performed better than other classical models such as Deelog and Loganomaly.

IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications

IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications

IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications

IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications

IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications

IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications

IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications

IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications

An examination of Emotional Intelligence disparities between first-year B.Sc. Students choosing Physical Education and BCA students: a Comparative Analysis

This research paper explores the dimensions of Emotional Intelligence (EI) among first-year college students in two distinct academic disciplines: Physical Education within the Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) program and Computer Applications (BCA). Recognizing the potential impact of educational choices on emotional competencies, the study investigates whether students in these fields exhibit nuanced differences in EI. The focus arises from the divergent curricular emphases, with Physical Education emphasizing physical wellness, teamwork, and leadership, while BCA delves into the complexities of computer science. Emotional Intelligence is contextualized as a crucial factor in academic, personal, and professional realms, encompassing self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, motivation, and social skills. The objectives involve both analysis and comparison of EI between the two groups of students. The research employed a survey method with random sampling of 40 male students from Holkar Science College, Indore, aged 18-21. Emotional Intelligence was measured using the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) developed by Anukul Hyde, Sanjyot Pethe, and Upindar Dhar (2005). Descriptive statistics and the Independent T-test were applied for analysis. Results: reveal no significant differences in the ten factors of Emotional Intelligence between B.Sc. students in Physical Education and those pursuing BCA. The study concludes that, based on the statistical analysis, the chosen academic path does not lead to a significant variance in Emotional Intelligence levels among these first-year students. This finding contributes to our understanding of how different academic trajectories may not necessarily shape distinct emotional competencies during this crucial phase of higher education.

A proactive grey wolf optimization for improving bioinformatic systems with high dimensional data

This paper introduces a new methodology for optimization problems, combining the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) with Simi-stochastic search processes. Intelligent optimizations represent an advanced approach in machine learning and computer applications, aiming to reduce the number of features used in the classification process. Optimizing bioinformatics datasets is crucial for information systems that classify data for intelligent tasks. The proposed A-Proactive Grey Wolf Optimization (A-GWO) solves stagnation in GWO by applying a dual search with a Simi-stochastic search. This target is achieved by distributing the population into two groups using a different search technique. The model's performance is evaluated using two benchmarks: the Evolutionary Computation Benchmark (CEC 2005) and seven popular biological datasets. A-GWO demonstrates highly improved efficiency in comparision to the original GWO and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Specifically, it enhances exploration in 66% of CEC functions and achieves high accuracy in 70% of biological datasets.

The main principles of the education of librarians of new qualification

The application of computers and the changing technology of library work reveal new professional demands for librarians, which necessitate changes in the education for librarianship and information work. The article addresses the theoretical questions of the content of education for the specialty "Librarianship and Bibliography" at the University of Vilnius. The offered complex of subjects is analyzed, and the main tendencies in the development of the curriculum are traced. The modification of library education is based on a new learning plan, which allows for the integration of individual subjects into blocks. This approach enables the selection of a central subject that forms the foundation of the new educational system and integrates separate blocks into one complex. In our opinion, this central subject is "Information Retrieval Systems." The main reasons for this choice, as well as the practical and theoretical advantages, are examined and justified.

New technology in libraries work and the problems of education in the field of librarianship and bibliography

The article deals with the problem of the changing demands of education for librarianship and information work in developed capitalist countries as a result of the application of computers and changing technology of library work. There are indications that, under these conditions, education and training must be something rather different from traditional library education. The changing role of information, which becomes one of the natural resources of a country, and the rapid development of computer technology reveal new professional demands for librarians. They are becoming something like gatekeepers of information, mediators between information stored in databases and information users. As a result of this tendency, the teaching of online bibliographic searching is of great importance in the curricula of library schools all over the world. The main trends of alteration in the programs of library schools during the last 10 years are surveyed, and principal tendencies of future development in the education of librarians are revealed.

Assessing the possible influence of human activities on sediment transport in the Saskatchewan River and its delta

Sediment transport is a complex, multi-dimensional process. With the advancement in computing power and sophistication of computer applications over recent decades, it has become possible to conduct detailed analysis and simulations of soil erosion and sediment transport. The primary objective of this study was to examine and predict the potential influence of human activities on sediment transport. This was achieved by analyzing sediment transport in the Saskatchewan River beneath the E.B. Campbell Dam and in the Saskatchewan River Delta. The Hydrologic Engineering Center's-River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) was deployed to ascertain the sediment transport capacity and estimate erosion, sedimentation, and riverbed changes. Cross-sectional data, flow data, and sediment data were used in conjunction with HEC-RAS. The simulation results reveal that sediment transport below the E.B. Campbell Dam is limited, leading to notable sediment erosion. The selected study area has witnessed significant erosion during high-flow periods, particularly in the event of floods. Between 2012 and 2019, the riverbed elevation at the selected survey site decreased by approximately 0.45 m. The study findings corroborate that the Saskatchewan River and its delta have been impacted by human activities. Potential erosion and deposition below the E.B. Campbell Dam have been simulated for the selected site. The aim is to provide decision-makers or related stakeholders with insight into how dam operations can be adjusted to decrease erosion while sustaining hydrological, ecological, and environmental outcomes from human activities.

Computer Network Design and Applications for West Java Legislative Elections

Legislative elections or Pileg are an annual schedule that is routinely held in Indonesia for five years. The concept of technology 4.0 has a huge opportunity to be applied in the legislative election process in this modern era. Legislative elections that use digital devices connected in such a way have more advantages than legislative elections that use conventional methods. The application of technology 4.0 in legislative elections has advantages in terms of effectiveness, data processing speed, and costs. The design of the legislative election system is made using a network where each polling station will be provided with one server to accommodate votes at the polling station. Then the server synchronizes the data to a central server to calculate the final results obtained. The server is built using the text-based Ubuntu Linux operating system. The application used is web-based, with the programming languages used being HTML, PHP, CSS, and Javascript. The test data shows that the time required for the system to complete each stage of the legislative election process is relatively faster than conventional legislative elections. So it can be concluded that the design of the legislative election system has met the requirements to accelerate the legislative election process. This research uses an SDLC system with a prototype model. Tests are carried out using BlackBox testing to test the suitability of the application with application access.

Cognitive abilities predict performance in everyday computer tasks

Fluency with computer applications has assumed a crucial role in work-related and other day-to-day activities. While prior experience is known to predict performance in tasks involving computers, the effects of more stable factors like cognitive abilities remain unclear. Here, we report findings from a controlled study (N=88) covering a wide spectrum of commonplace applications, from spreadsheets to video conferencing. Our main result is that cognitive abilities exert a significant, independent, and broad-based effect on computer users’ performance. In particular, users with high working memory, executive control, and perceptual reasoning ability complete tasks more quickly and with greater success while experiencing lower mental load. Remarkably, these effects are similar to or even larger in magnitude than the effects of prior experience in using computers and in completing tasks similar to those encountered in our study. However, the effects are varying and application-specific. We discuss the role that user interface design bears on decreasing ability-related differences, alongside benefits this could yield for functioning in society.

Information compression via hidden subgroup quantum autoencoders

We design a quantum method for classical information compression that exploits the hidden subgroup quantum algorithm. We consider sequence data in a database with a priori unknown symmetries of the hidden subgroup type. We prove that data with a given group structure can be compressed with the same query complexity as the hidden subgroup problem, which is exponentially faster than the best-known classical algorithms. We moreover design a quantum algorithm that variationally finds the group structure and uses it to compress the data. There is an encoder and a decoder, along the paradigm of quantum autoencoders. After the training, the encoder outputs a compressed data string and a description of the hidden subgroup symmetry, from which the input data can be recovered by the decoder. In illustrative examples, our algorithm outperforms the classical autoencoder on the mean squared value of test data. This classical-quantum separation in information compression capability has thermodynamical significance: the free energy assigned by a quantum agent to a system can be much higher than that of a classical agent. Taken together, our results show that a possible application of quantum computers is to efficiently compress certain types of data that cannot be efficiently compressed by current methods using classical computers.

Lattice holography on a quantum computer

We explore the potential application of quantum computers to the examination of lattice holography, which extends to the strongly coupled bulk theory regime. With adiabatic evolution, we compute the ground state of a spin system on a (2+1)-dimensional hyperbolic lattice, and measure the spin-spin correlation function on the boundary. Notably, we observe that with achievable resources for coming quantum devices, the correlation function demonstrates an approximate scale-invariant behavior, aligning with the pivotal theoretical predictions of the anti–de Sitter/conformal field theory correspondence. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

The impact of internet usage preferences on labor income: Evidence from China.

The widespread application and iterative updating of computers and Internet communication technologies have not only increased productivity and enhanced intra- and inter-enterprise collaboration, but have also led to significant changes in the labor market and residents' labor income. In the digital era, accepting digital technology and possessing a certain degree of digital literacy have become the necessary abilities for people to survive and develop. However, the differences in digital literacy caused by individual differences will inevitably bring about a series of chain reactions. Therefore, it is necessary to study the subtle impact of Internet usage preference on residents' labor income in the context of digital transformation to promote digital equity. This study aims to empirically analyze micro-level survey data to reveal the impact of individual differences in internet usage preferences on their labor income. The findings provide theoretical references for government policy formulation and individual development. A function model was established to analyze the impact of individual internet usage preferences on labor income. Relevant data from the authoritative Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS2017) were selected, and empirical analyses for significance, heterogeneity, and robustness were conducted using the ZINB and CMP models in the Stata statistical software. (1) Higher Internet Usage Frequency (IUF) increases the likelihood of higher income. (2) Engaging in Online Social Networking (OSN) helps in accumulating social capital, leading to higher labor income. Meanwhile, participating in Online Entertainment (OE) relieves work and life stresses, thereby increasing labor income. Proficiency in Accessing Online Information (AOI) is associated with higher labor income, while frequent involvement in Online Business (OB) is correlated with higher personal income. Additionally, the Marginal utility of these internet usage preferences indicate that OB > AOI > OSN > OE. (3) Individual variations in physical, psychological, and social characteristics significantly influence the labor income effects of internet usage preferences. (4) There are substantial differences in the labor income effects of internet usage preferences between urban and rural areas and across different regions. (5) Education attainment has a positive mediating effect on the labour income effect of individual Internet use preferences, and enhancing residents' digital literacy has a positive effect on increasing their labour income and alleviating inequality in digital gains. (6) The popularity of Internet technology is the background that triggers an individual's Internet use, and the acceptance of a particular Internet technology is catalyzed by an individual's perception of the value and difficulty of mastering that technology; an individual's biased learning or proficiency in a particular Internet technology in order to gain higher competitiveness and value in the labour market is an important internal driving force.

Effects of a Pharmacist-Designed Clinical Decision Support System on Antimicrobial Stewardship.

Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) are computer applications, which can be applied to give guidance to practitioners in antimicrobial stewardship (AS) activities; however, further information is needed for their optimal use. Our objective was to analyze the implementation of a CDSS program in a second-level hospital, describing alerts, recommendations, and the effects on consumption and clinical outcomes. In October 2020, a pharmacist-driven CDSS designed for AS was implemented in a second-level hospital. The program provides a list of alerts related to antimicrobial treatment and microbiology, which were automatized for revision by the AS professionals. To analyze the implementation of the CDSS, a pre-post-intervention, retrospective study was designed. AS-triggered alerts and recommendations (total number and rate of acceptance) were compiled. The effect of the CDSS was measured using antimicrobial consumption, duration of antimicrobial treatments, in-hospital mortality, and length of stay (LOS) for patients admitted for infectious causes. The AS team revised a total of 7,543 alerts and 772 patients had at least one recommendation, with an acceptance rate of 79.3%. Antimicrobial consumption decreased from 691.1 to 656.8 defined daily doses (DDD)/1,000 beds-month (p = 0.04) and the duration of antimicrobial treatment from 3.6 to 3.3 days (p < 0.01). In-hospital mortality decreased from 6.6 to 6.2% (p = 0.46) and mean LOS from 7.2 to 6.2 days (p < 0.01). The implementation of a CDSS resulted in a significant reduction of antimicrobial DDD, duration of antimicrobial treatments, and hospital LOS. There was no significant difference in mortality.

Digitization of logistics and supply chain management

The article presents theoretical and applied aspects of digitalization of logistics and supply chain management. It is emphasized that the processes of digitalization of supply chains and logistics are a modern requirement for increasing business efficiency, as well as solving environmental, social and management problems of successful companies. Digitization of supply chains and logistics is defined as the integration of digital technologies and the implementation of digital tools to optimize, automate and increase the efficiency of all stages of the logistics process. Key modern technologies in logistics and supply chains are examined, including artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data. The role of AI in optimizing logistics processes, forecasting market behavior, inventory management and route planning is outlined. Emphasis is placed on the importance of IoT for tracking goods, monitoring storage conditions and vehicle maintenance. The role of Big Data in optimizing supply chains, improving decision-making and compliance with regulatory requirements is analyzed. The use of digital documentation and electronic document circulation are highlighted as important areas of digitization. The difference between digitization of documents and digitalization of document circulation is revealed: digitization, or digital preservation, refers to the transfer of information from paper documents to electronic format for convenient and safe storage of files and access to them in the future; digitalization involves the creation of documentation in computer applications, its intelligent processing and analysis, its accumulation in digital repositories, and the wide use of its data to solve various problems. It is noted that one of the main directions of digitization of documents is the automated reading of documents and data entry, which is implemented using specialized software for automatically extracting information from paper documents and entering it into digital systems. The list of the main logistics documents that are subject to digitization and the digitization of which leads to an increase in the efficiency of the supply chain (delivery confirmation, bill of lading, packing lists, invoices, cargo manifest, etc.) is provided. It was concluded that digitalization of logistics is a significant factor for modern companies seeking to increase their competitiveness in the market. It also enables the integration of all company divisions, improves product tracking, speeds up customs procedures, optimizes transport costs and increases the flexibility of return management. Despite the shortcomings that accompany this process, digitalization of logistics is necessary to achieve sustainable development and effective management of supply chains in today's world.

Removal of fiber post under the guidance of digital guide plate and one-piece glass fiber posts-and-cores repair: a clinical report.

This study explores the potential application of computer aided design (CAD)/computer aided manufac-turing (CAM) for one-piece glass fiber posts and cores in restoring tooth defects post-removal of a broken fiber post using a digital guide plate. This paper reports a fractured left upper incisor fiber post removed using a customized needle and digital guide plate. Following root canal retreatment, CAD/CAM integrated fiber post-core and zirconia full crown restoration were completed. The occlusion testing was conducted using the T-Scan Ⅲ system. This study offers insights for managing secondary repair after fiber post fractures.

English For Islamic Banking: What English Need of Indonesian Syariah Bank Employees in Bengkulu City

This research aims to determine the English language needs of Indonesian sharia bank employees in Bengkulu City. The research design in this research is qualitative research, while the research subjects are 10 Indonesian sharia bank employees in Bengkulu City. This research data was collected using interviews technique. Research findings show that: (1) Islamic bank employees need English language materials related to banking, accounting and computer applications; and (2) Islamic bank employees need more reading skills than listening, speaking and writing skills because they work more with written documents in English. Bank employees also work with computer programs, so all instructions and terms on the computer use English. Based on these needs, employees should havea good pronunciation in banking, accounting and computer English terms. They also need skills in correspondence via electronic mail or email.

Current status and future development of quantum computing

To overcome the scaling limitations of conventional semiconductor chips, quantum computing has emerged and experienced significant growth in recent years. Quantum computing utilizes resources such as quantum superposition and quantum entanglement to encode and process information. Compared to classical computing, this technology can provide exponential acceleration in the field of ultra-large-scale parallel computing. Consequently, its practical application is anticipated to have profound impacts on information and related technologies. The paper employs a comparative analysis approach to systematically examine the research progress of quantum computer technology. Specifically, the study emphasizes the analysis and consolidation of various quantum computing technology routes, critically evaluates their advantages and disadvantages, and provides a foresight into their future development trends. Currently, research on quantum computing technology is in its early stages and is evolving rapidly. Multiple technical paths are being pursued, resulting in a diverse and competitive landscape that is expected to persist in the short term, as it will take some time before the practical application of quantum computers becomes feasible.