Computational Solid Dynamics Research Articles

Improved Model for Flexible Flapping Wings: Considering Spanwise Twisting and Bending

Insect wings and biomimetic wings in flapping-wing micro air vehicles (FWMAVs) are flexible and subject to passive deformations, including spanwise twisting and bending. This raises a typical bilateral fluid–structure interaction (FSI) issue, which is conventionally solved based on combined computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational solid dynamics (CSD) methods. To reduce the computational cost of this FSI issue while maintaining a reasonable accuracy, a theoretical model with improved adaptability is proposed here. The improvement results from the consideration of spanwise bending: the distribution of which is formulated by a quadratic polynomial. The aerodynamic force is approximated by a predictive quasi-steady aerodynamic model based on the blade element theory. The FSI iteration at a time step is converged within 0.5 s in our model, whereas a traditional CFD–CSD solution takes about 30 s. Compared to our previous model, the current model can better match the experimental measurements of insect wings. Further analysis reveals that considering spanwise bending affects the stiffness design of flexible flapping wings quantitatively. To maintain a high lift efficiency, the structural stiffness of the wing should be appropriately decreased. Our model provides a refined tool for the wing design in FWMAVs and can promote the development of FWMAVs.

A computational analysis of the aerodynamic and aeromechanical behavior of a thermo-well for steam temperature measurement in a steam turbine

ABSTRACT The goal of the paper is twofold: firstly, it presents computational fluid dynamics analysis for finding maximum unsteady flow forces (and their frequencies) acting on a thermo-well for measuring steam temperature in a steam turbine control stage and secondly, it presents computational solid dynamics analysis of possibility of entry into resonance of the thermo-well structure. There have been analyzed two cases of flow with changing temperature, pressure, and mass flow rate in the control stage chamber of a turbine high-pressure cylinder. The problem is also described in the ASME standard PTC19.3 TW-2010 providing detailed guidelines for thermo-well calculations. The problem under consideration is only a part of whole technical analysis and obeys a primary hypothesis that a reason of the thermo-well damage was a resonance phenomenon.

Analysis of nonlinear aerodynamic performance and passive deformation of a flexible flapping wing in hover flight

The flexibility of insect wings and model wings in flapping-wing micro air vehicles (FWMAVs) is crucial to guarantee an economic flight. Since the wing deformation is bilaterally coupled with the aerodynamic force, conventional simulations on this fluid–structure interaction (FSI) problem mostly build up their models using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational solid dynamics (CSD) methods, which requires high computational costs. Alternatively, an analytical model is proposed here for a quick estimate of the aerodynamic performance and passive deformation on flexible flapping wings. The deformation is simplified into a rigid-body rotation at the wing root, a spanwise twist, and a shortening along the span. The aerodynamic force is approximated by a predictive quasi-steady model and the spanwise twist is modeled using a quadratic polynomial. Results show that the introduction of wing flexibility can attenuate the lift generation due to the negative rotational lift and adverse translation–rotation coupling effect after each stroke reversal. The wing with moderate stiffness is recommended to achieve a high lift. An increase of aspect ratio and root cutoff can also enhance the dimensional lift generation, while the most economic wing design has an aspect ratio around 5 and no root cut-off. More importantly, the increase of flapping frequency can only result in a lift enhancement within certain limits. However, the power consumption keeps increasing as the frequency goes up, indicating a significant breakdown of performance. Our findings can uncover the role of wing flexibility in both insects and FWMAVs and therefore contribute to the design of FWMAVs.

Numerical simulation of weakly compressible hyper-elastic solids using a conservative pressure-velocity formulation on arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian framework

Unification of the numerical models and methods in computational solid and fluid dynamics has been a research objective with at least two major advantages in mind. The first benefit of such unification is the more efficient data transfer between fluid and solid media, and the second advantage is the possibility of developing a better solver as compared to the separate existing solid and fluid solvers. In this paper, a conservative fluid-like pressure-velocity-based formulation is proposed that simulates large deformation of a weakly compressible hyper-elastic solid on an Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) framework. The proposed solver, which is implemented in OpenFOAM software, allows for flexible grid movement, i.e. mesh points are not forced to follow material points, as well as for the employment of various material models such as Mooney–Rivlin and Neo-Hookean constitutive laws. Three challenging 2-D and 3-D test cases including torsion, bending and pressing of solid objects are presented to examine and discuss the accuracy and flexibility of the proposed solver. Furthermore, more light is shed on the concept of the pressure in compressible solids and appropriate boundary conditions at traction boundaries.

A first order hyperbolic framework for large strain computational solid dynamics. Part III: Thermo-elasticity

In Parts I (Bonet et al., 2015) and II (Gil et al., 2016) of this series, a novel computational framework was presented for the numerical analysis of large strain fast solid dynamics in compressible and nearly/truly incompressible isothermal hyperelasticity. The methodology exploited the use of a system of first order Total Lagrangian conservation laws formulated in terms of the linear momentum and a triplet of deformation measures comprised of the deformation gradient tensor, its co-factor and its Jacobian. Moreover, the consideration of polyconvex constitutive laws was exploited in order to guarantee the hyperbolicity of the system and show the existence of a convex entropy function (sum of kinetic and strain energy per unit undeformed volume) necessary for symmetrisation. In this new paper, the framework is extended to the more general case of thermo-elasticity by incorporating the first law of thermodynamics as an additional conservation law, written in terms of either the entropy (suitable for smooth solutions) or the total energy density (suitable for discontinuous solutions) of the system. The paper is further enhanced with the following key novelties. First, sufficient conditions are put forward in terms of the internal energy density and the entropy measured at reference temperature in order to ensure ab-initio the polyconvexity of the internal energy density in terms of the extended set comprised of the triplet of deformation measures and the entropy. Second, the study of the eigenvalue structure of the system is performed as proof of hyperbolicity and with the purpose of obtaining correct time step bounds for explicit time integrators. Application to two well-established thermo-elastic models is presented: Mie–Grüneisen and modified entropic elasticity. Third, the use of polyconvex internal energy constitutive laws enables the definition of a generalised convex entropy function, namely the ballistic energy, and associated entropy fluxes, allowing the symmetrisation of the system of conservation laws in terms of entropy-conjugate fields. Fourth, and in line with the previous papers of the series, an explicit stabilised Petrov–Galerkin framework is presented for the numerical solution of the thermo-elastic system of conservation laws when considering the entropy as an unknown of the system. Finally, a series of numerical examples is presented in order to assess the applicability and robustness of the proposed formulation.

High Velocity Impact Testing of Intermetallic Projectiles

A high-velocity impact-ignition testing system (HITS) was developed to study the dynamic response of intermetallic projectiles impacting an inert steel target plate at speeds up to 1500 m/s. The intermetallic projectile is a binary composite of powders consolidated into a 3 g projectile contained in a 0.410 inch (10.5 mm) caliber shot gun case. The projectiles are launched from a propellant driven gun into a catch chamber equipped with view ports and imaging diagnostics. The impact events are monitored using high-speed cameras that provide local and macroscopic perspectives of fragmentation. Results demonstrate the range of visual data that can be captured including fragment count, cone angle, and velocity. A computational solid dynamics model is used to interpret the phenomenology of the experimental impact events. The model assumes an ideal case of plastic projectile and two limiting cases for the target: plastic and elastic and predicts fragmentation behavior based on brittle tension damage at lower impact velocities with increasingly severe fragmentation and smaller fragments at higher impact velocities. Results reveal that the material properties of the target have a strong influence on the trajectory of the fragments. This study provides a fundamental understanding of impact events at varied impact velocities and shows the phenomenological behavior of fragmentation.

An energy-stable mixed formulation for isogeometric analysis of incompressible hyper-elastodynamics.

We develop a mixed formulation for incompressible hyper-elastodynamics based on a continuum modeling framework recently developed in [41] and smooth generalizations of the Taylor-Hood element based on non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS). This continuum formulation draws a link between computational fluid dynamics and computational solid dynamics. This link inspires an energy stability estimate for the spatial discretization, which favorably distinguishes the formulation from the conventional mixed formulations for finite elasticity. The inf-sup condition is utilized to provide a bound for the pressure field. The generalized-α method is applied for temporal discretization, and a nested block preconditioner is invoked for the solution procedure [42]. The inf-sup stability for different pairs of NURBS elements is elucidated through numerical assessment. The convergence rate of the proposed formulation with various combinations of mixed elements is examined by the manufactured solution method. The numerical scheme is also examined under compressive and tensile loads for isotropic and anisotropic hyperelastic materials. Finally, a suite of dynamic problems is numerically studied to corroborate the stability and conservation properties.

Numerical prediction and experiment of impact on rubber hydro unit with multi-chambers using an effective dynamic co-simulation approach

ABSTRACTAn accurate evaluation on dynamic impact response for rubber–metal components with fluid has been very challenging over many years, especially using three-dimensional dynamic co-simulation via fluid-structural-interaction (FSI) in time domain. There are also very limited successful cases reported on dynamic impact evaluation in vehicle applications. Natural frequency region (NFR) approach, based on computational solid dynamics, recently proposed by the author, has successfully evaluated dynamic response of rubber anti-vibration components without fluid. This method is extended to fluid using co-simulation with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). This combined approach, i.e. NFR–FSI–CFD approach, is applied to an impact simulation on a joint unit including two solid rubber springs and one shock mount with two pistons embedded in internal fluid chambers. The result of the simulation is validated with the experimental data. Eight key aspects are identified and main steps to effectively perform dynamic co-simulation are suggested. This proposed approach is designed for industrial practice to simulate rubber hydro anti-vibration systems as the detailed deformation and strain/stress profiles of the components can be obtained. The real stiffness of the anti-vibration system can be calculated from the load-deflection curve generated and employed for vehicle system dynamics.

Soil stability analysis for wave-induced momentary liquefaction beneath porous bonded revetments

The highly porous revetments made of Polyurethane Bonded Aggregates (PBA) are an ecologically friendly alternative to conventional revetments for protection against coastal erosion. No information has yet been reported for these structures on failures from field applications. However, a well-documented collapse of a PBA-revetment observed in large-scale tests (GWK tests) and a first stability analysis were reported by Oumeraci et al., 2010; 2012. Based on these results, a methodology is proposed for stability analysis of the embankment subsoil beneath PBA-revetments against momentary liquefaction, considering the results of the comprehensive parametric study (Alcérreca-Huerta, 2014) using a recently developed CFD-CSD (Computational Fluids Dynamics- Computational Solid Dynamics) model wavePoreGeoFoam (Alcérreca-Huerta and Oumeraci, 2016a; 2016b). It will be shown that the proposed stability analysis is able to reproduce the failure observed in the GWK tests, so that it can be applied for PBA-revetment under field conditions. In this paper, the failure observed in the GWK tests is first briefly reported, followed by a description of the numerical parametric study using the validated wavePoreGeoFoam model in order to extend the conditions tested in GWK. Then, the processes underlying soil liquefaction of PBA-revetments are outlined, showing that the excess pore pressure development in the sand core beneath PBA-revetments is crucial. The latter is therefore examined and a formula to predict excess pore pressures in terms of the wave conditions is developed. Moreover, a methodology for the stability analysis of the soil beneath the revetment against soil liquefaction is proposed and implemented to reproduce the failure observed in the GWK tests. Finally, the main results are summarized and implications for further research are drawn.

The Role of Computational Modeling and Simulation in the Total Product Life Cycle of Peripheral Vascular Devices.

The total product life cycle (TPLC) of medical devices has been defined by four stages: discovery and ideation, regulatory decision, product launch, and postmarket monitoring. Manufacturers of medical devices intended for use in the peripheral vasculature, such as stents, inferior vena cava (IVC) filters, and stent-grafts, mainly use computational modeling and simulation (CM&S) to aid device development and design optimization, supplement bench testing for regulatory decisions, and assess postmarket changes or failures. For example, computational solid mechanics and fluid dynamics enable the investigation of design limitations in the ideation stage. To supplement bench data in regulatory submissions, manufactures can evaluate the effects of anatomical characteristics and expected in vivo loading environment on device performance. Manufacturers might also harness CM&S to aid root-cause analyses that are necessary when failures occur postmarket, when the device is exposed to broad clinical use. Once identified, CM&S tools can then be used for redesign to address the failure mode and re-establish the performance profile with the appropriate models. The Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) wants to advance the use of CM&S for medical devices and supports the development of virtual physiological patients, clinical trial simulations, and personalized medicine. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to describe specific examples of how CM&S is currently used to support regulatory submissions at different phases of the TPLC and to present some of the stakeholder-led initiatives for advancing CM&S for regulatory decision-making.

Assessing the effect of lithotripter focal width on the fracture potential of stones in shockwave lithotripsy

This talk presents a combination of computational and experimental study on the effect of lithotripter focal width on the fracture potential of stones treated at various distances from the lithotripter focus. Two representative lithotripter fields are considered: (1) the original Siemens Modularis with a focal width of 7.4 mm and (2) a modified version with a larger focal width of 11.0 mm with comparable acoustic pulse energy of 40 mJ. The interaction of these two lithotripter fields with spherical and cylindrical model stones located at 0 to 12 mm from the shock wave axis is investigated. Specifically, a three-dimensional CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)—CSD (Computational Solid Dynamics) coupled computational framework is used to simulate the propagation of stress waves, as well as the initiation and propagation of fractures. The two-scale Tuler-Butcher fracture criterion will be employed: it will be calibrated experimentally, then applied to assessing stress-induced stone damage. An element deletion method will be applied to simulate fracture. Characteristic changes in wave focusing and interference in relation to the buildup of the maximum tensile stress inside the stone will be presented. The physical mechanism(s) responsible for the different fracture patterns observed at different off-axis distances will be discussed.

Multiphase fluid-solid coupled analysis of shock-bubble-stone interaction in shock wave lithotripsy

A novel multiphase CFD-CSD coupled computational framework is applied to investigate the interaction of a kidney stone immersed in liquid with a lithotripsy shock wave (LSW) and a gas bubble near the stone. The main objective is to elucidate the effects of a bubble in the shock path to the elastic and fracture behaviors of the stone. The computational framework couples a finite volume two-phase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver with a finite element (FE) computational solid dynamics (CSD) solver. The stone surface is represented as a dynamic embedded boundary in the CFD solver. The evolution of the bubble surface is captured by solving the level set equation. The interface conditions are enforced through the construction and solution of local fluid-solid and two-fluid Riemann problems. The results of shock-bubble-stone simulations suggest that the dynamic response of a bubble to LSW varies dramatically depending on its initial size. Bubbles with an initial radius smaller than a threshold collapse within 1 μs after the passage of LSW; whereas larger bubbles do not. Moreover, this study suggests that a non-collapsing bubble imposes a negative effect on stone fracture while a collapsing bubble may promote fracture on the proximal surface of the stone.

Multiphase fluid-solid coupled analysis of shock-bubble-stone interaction in shockwave lithotripsy.

A novel multiphase fluid-solid-coupled computational framework is applied to investigate the interaction of a kidney stone immersed in liquid with a lithotripsy shock wave (LSW) and a gas bubble near the stone. The main objective is to elucidate the effects of a bubble in the shock path to the elastic and fracture behaviors of the stone. The computational framework couples a finite volume 2-phase computational fluid dynamics solver with a finite element computational solid dynamics solver. The surface of the stone is represented as a dynamic embedded boundary in the computational fluid dynamics solver. The evolution of the bubble surface is captured by solving the level set equation. The interface conditions at the surfaces of the stone and the bubble are enforced through the construction and solution of local fluid-solid and 2-fluid Riemann problems. This computational framework is first verified for 3 example problems including a 1D multimaterial Riemann problem, a 3D shock-stone interaction problem, and a 3D shock-bubble interaction problem. Next, a series of shock-bubble-stone-coupled simulations are presented. This study suggests that the dynamic response of a bubble to LSW varies dramatically depending on its initial size. Bubbles with an initial radius smaller than a threshold collapse within 1μs after the passage of LSW, whereas larger bubbles do not. For a typical LSW generated by an electrohydraulic lithotripter (pmax =35.0MPa, pmin =-10.1MPa), this threshold is approximately 0.12mm. Moreover, this study suggests that a noncollapsing bubble imposes a negative effect on stone fracture as it shields part of the LSW from the stone. On the other hand, a collapsing bubble may promote fracture on the proximal surface of the stone, yet hinder fracture from stone interior.

A first‐order hyperbolic framework for large strain computational solid dynamics: An upwind cell centred Total Lagrangian scheme

SummaryThis paper builds on recent work developed by the authors for the numerical analysis of large strain solid dynamics, by introducing an upwind cell centred hexahedral finite volume framework implemented within the open source code OpenFOAM [http://www.openfoam.com/]. In Lee, Gil and Bonet (2013), a first‐order hyperbolic system of conservation laws was introduced in terms of the linear momentum and the deformation gradient tensor of the system, leading to excellent behaviour in two‐dimensional bending dominated nearly incompressible scenarios. The main aim of this paper is the extension of this algorithm into three dimensions, its tailor‐made implementation into OpenFOAM and the enhancement of the formulation with three key novelties. First, the introduction of two different strategies in order to ensure the satisfaction of the underlying involutions of the system, that is, that the deformation gradient tensor must be curl‐free throughout the deformation process. Second, the use of a discrete angular momentum projection algorithm and a monolithic Total Variation Diminishing Runge–Kutta time integrator combined in order to guarantee the conservation of angular momentum. Third, and for comparison purposes, an adapted Total Lagrangian version of the hyperelastic‐GLACE nodal scheme of Kluth and Després (2010) is presented. A series of challenging numerical examples are examined in order to assess the robustness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm, benchmarking it against an ample spectrum of alternative numerical strategies developed by the authors in recent publications. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Wave-induced pressures in porous bonded revetments. Part I: Pressures on the revetment

Revetments made of polyurethane bonded aggregates (PBA) are a recent alternative to mitigate coastal erosion. Their advantages over conventional impermeable revetments are shown in previous studies, based on large-scale laboratory tests (Oumeraci et al., 2010) and CFD modelling (Foyer and Oumeraci, 2013). The latter were conducted to describe the hydrodynamic and hydro-geotechnical processes involved in the wave–structure interaction with PBA revetments. However, the data generated did not allow a full description of the wave-induced loading of the revetment and the response of the underlying soil; therefore, a comprehensive parameter study with a computational fluids dynamics–computational solid dynamics (CFD–CSD) model system was performed. This paper (Part I) focuses on the wave-induced pressures on the revetment, while a companion paper (Part II) describes the pore pressure development just beneath the revetment and in the embankment subsoil. In this first part, the following issues are addressed: (i) introduction to the numerical parameter study and the CFD–CSD model used for the modelling of the wave-induced pressures; (ii) brief review of the wave load classification and parameterization to define the elements and notations for the wave-induced pressure analysis; (iii) analysis of the peak pressure magnitude, its location on the revetment, and the spatial pressure distribution; and (iv) the development of prediction formulae, based on the results of the analysis in issue iii. Finally, a summary of the key results and concluding remarks are provided, including the implications and recommendations for engineering applications as well as for further research.

A first order hyperbolic framework for large strain computational solid dynamics. Part II: Total Lagrangian compressible, nearly incompressible and truly incompressible elasticity

In Part I of this series, Bonet et al. (2015) introduced a new computational framework for the analysis of large strain isothermal fast solid dynamics, where a mixed set of Total Lagrangian conservation laws was presented in terms of the linear momentum and an extended set of strain measures, namely the deformation gradient, its co-factor and its Jacobian. The main aim of this paper is to expand this formulation to the case of nearly incompressible and truly incompressible materials. The paper is further enhanced with three key novelties. First, the use of polyconvex nearly incompressible strain energy functionals enables the definition of generalised convex entropy functions and associated entropy fluxes. Two variants of the same formulation can then be obtained, namely, conservation-based and entropy-based, depending on the unknowns of the system. Crucially, the study of the eigenvalue structure of the system is carried out in order to demonstrate its hyperbolicity and, thus, obtain the correct time step bounds for explicit time integrators. Second, the development of a stabilised Petrov–Galerkin framework is presented for both systems of hyperbolic equations, that is, when expressed in terms of either conservation or entropy variables. Third, an adapted fractional step method, built upon the work presented in Gil et al. (2014), is presented to extend the range of applications towards the incompressibility limit. Finally, a series of numerical examples are presented in order to assess the applicability and robustness of the proposed formulation. The overall scheme shows excellent behaviour in compressible, nearly incompressible and truly incompressible scenarios, yielding equal order of convergence for velocities and stresses.

A Review of Computational Hemodynamics in Middle Cerebral Aneurysms and Rheological Models for Blood Flow

Cerebrovascular accidents are the third most common cause of death in developed countries. Over recent years, CFD simulations using medical image-based anatomical vascular geometries have been shown to have great potential as a tool for diagnostic and treatment of brain aneurysms, in particular to help advise on the best treatment options. This work aims to present a state of the art review of the different models used in CFD, focusing in particular on modeling blood as a viscoelastic non-Newtonian fluid in order to help understand the role of the complex rheological nature of blood upon the dynamics of middle cerebral aneurysms. Moreover, since the mechanical properties of the vessel walls also play an important role in the cardiovascular system, different models for the arterial structure are reviewed in order to couple CFD and computational solid dynamics to allow the study of the fluid–structure interaction (FSI).

A first order hyperbolic framework for large strain computational solid dynamics. Part I: Total Lagrangian isothermal elasticity

This paper introduces a new computational framework for the analysis of large strain fast solid dynamics. The paper builds upon previous work published by the authors (Gil et al., 2014) [48], where a first order system of hyperbolic equations is introduced for the simulation of isothermal elastic materials in terms of the linear momentum, the deformation gradient and its Jacobian as unknown variables. In this work, the formulation is further enhanced with four key novelties. First, the use of a new geometric conservation law for the co-factor of the deformation leads to an enhanced mixed formulation, advantageous in those scenarios where the co-factor plays a dominant role. Second, the use of polyconvex strain energy functionals enables the definition of generalised convex entropy functions and associated entropy fluxes for solid dynamics problems. Moreover, the introduction of suitable conjugate entropy variables enables the derivation of a symmetric system of hyperbolic equations, dual of that expressed in terms of conservation variables. Third, the new use of a tensor cross product [61] greatly facilitates the algebraic manipulations of expressions involving the co-factor of the deformation. Fourth, the development of a stabilised Petrov–Galerkin framework is presented for both systems of hyperbolic equations, that is, when expressed in terms of either conservation or entropy variables. As an example, a polyconvex Mooney–Rivlin material is used and, for completeness, the eigen-structure of the resulting system of equations is studied to guarantee the existence of real wave speeds. Finally, a series of numerical examples is presented in order to assess the robustness and accuracy of the new mixed methodology, benchmarking it against an ample spectrum of alternative numerical strategies, including implicit multi-field Fraeijs de Veubeke–Hu–Washizu variational type approaches and explicit cell and vertex centred Finite Volume schemes.

Cellular Automata Model for Elastic Solid Material

The Cellular Automaton (CA) modeling and simulation of solid dynamics is a long-standing difficult problem. In this paper we present a new two-dimensional CA model for solid dynamics. In this model the solid body is represented by a set of white and black particles alternatively positioned in the x- and y-directions. The force acting on each particle is represented by the linear summation of relative displacements of the nearest-neighboring particles. The key technique in this new model is the construction of eight coefficient matrices. Theoretical and numerical analyses show that the present model can be mathematically described by a conservative system. So, it works for elastic material. In the continuum limit the CA model recovers the well-known Navier equation. The coefficient matrices are related to the shear module and Poisson ratio of the material body. Compared with previous CA model for solid body, this model realizes the natural coupling of deformations in the x- and y-directions. Consequently, the wave phenomena related to the Poisson ratio effects are successfully recovered. This work advances significantly the CA modeling and simulation in the field of computational solid dynamics.

Improved material point method for simulating the zona failure response in piezo-assisted intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Summary The material point method (MPM), which is an extension from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to computational solid dynamics (CSD), is improved for the coupled CFD and CSD simulation of the zona failure response in piezo-assisted intracytoplasmic sperm injection (piezo-ICSI). To evaluate the stresses at any zona material point, a plane stress assumption is made in the local tangent plane of the membrane point, and a simple procedure is proposed to find the effective point connectivity for the orientation of the local tangent plane. With an iterative algorithm in each time step, the original MPM is improved to better simulate fluid dynamics problems involving strong shocks. The use of an Eulerian mesh for solving the momentum equations enables the MPM to automatically handle fluid-membrane interactions without requiring the interface-tracking module. Several examples are used to demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed numerical scheme for simulating three-dimensional fluid-membrane interactions. Finally, the proposed procedure is applied to the shock-induced zona failure analysis for the piezo-ICSI experiment.