Computer Equipment Research Articles

Financial Budget Utilization Policy Through Local Government Information System

This research aims to describe and analyze the implementation of the Local Government Information System (SIPD) in budget management and identify supporting and inhibiting factors. The research was conducted at the Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) of Kaliorang District Education, East Kutai Regency. Data analysis techniques in this study used qualitative analysis with an inductive approach. The results showed that implementing the Local Government Information System (SIPD) in the Kaliorang Education Unit faced several challenges, such as the lack of socialization, training, and clarity of information from the Education Office. Nevertheless, there is a high commitment from policy implementers and adequate support facilities, such as computer equipment and internet networks, which help with budget management. To increase the effectiveness of SIPD use, improvements are needed in communication between the education office and UPT, as well as the provision of clearer technical guidelines so that implementers can better understand and optimize the use of the SIPD application to the fullest. Policy implementers are expected to improve socialization and training on the use of SIPD for all operators, as well as prepare clear SOPs, periodic evaluations, internet network improvements, and additional training to support the effectiveness of budget use

Clearing the path for whole-mount labeling and quantification of neuron- and vessel-density in adipose tissue.

White adipose tissue (WAT) comprises a plethora of cell types beyond adipocytes forming a regulatory network that ensures systemic energy homeostasis. Intertissue communication is facilitated by metabolites and signaling molecules that are spread by vasculature and nerves. Previous works indicated that WAT responds to environmental cues by adapting the abundance of these "communication routes", however, high intra-tissue heterogeneity questions the informative value of bulk or single cell analyses and underscores the necessity of whole-mount imaging. The applicability of whole-mount WAT-imaging is currently limited by two factors: I) Methanol-based tissue clearing protocols restrict the usable antibody portfolio to methanol resistant antibodies and II) The vast amounts of data resulting from 3D imaging of whole-tissue samples require high computational expertise and advanced equipment. Here, we present a protocol for whole-mount WAT clearing, overcoming the constraints of antibody-methanol sensitivity. Additionally, we introduce TiNeQuant (Tissue Network Quantifier) a Fiji tool for automated 3D quantification of neuron- or vascular network density, freely available at https://github.com/SchweigerLab/TiNeQuant. Given TiNeQuants versatility beyond WAT, it simplifies future efforts studying neuronal or vascular alterations in numerous pathologies.

System analysis and information processing to solve the problem of detecting breakdowns of computer information storage

Objective. One of the important aspects of maintaining the efficient operation of information systems is the condition of computer equipment. The purpose of the study is to describe a method for effective system analysis of the state of a computer's information storage device. Method. The study is based on the use of machine learning algorithms to analyze and interpret data obtained from SMART tests. Includes a comprehensive analysis and experimental study. It involves conducting experiments with a data set and the Google Colab cloud environment, creating and analyzing a machine learning model, and evaluating the effectiveness and quality of training. Result. A tool for assessing the state of computer equipment based on the Random Forest algorithm has been developed using historical data from SMART tests. Conclusion. The results not only allow the implementation of a working data analysis tool in the field of computer equipment maintenance, but also contain a practical example of increasing the reliability and efficiency of information systems. The results are useful for IT specialists and for organizations optimizing equipment maintenance processes and increasing competitiveness.

Robust Finger Vein Presentation Attack Detection Using XceptionNet-based Modified Depthwise Separable Convolutional Neural Network

Finger vein presentation attack detection (FVPAD) biometric systems have seen substantial enhancements through the application of deep learning convolutional neural networks (DCNN). This advancement led to increased complexity, parameters and resource requirements. To address these challenges, a novel modification to the first entry flow of the XceptionNet architecture based on customized depthwise separable convolution (DSC) CNN-based for extracting robust features from FV images to detect spoofing attacks is proposed in this paper. The proposed approach stands out for its simplicity in design, fewer parameters, reduced computational load, minimal resource and equipment needs, and minimum data overflow while maintaining high accuracy in verification and classification tasks. The developed FVPAD system includes FV image data preprocessing and augmentation, a modified XceptionNet architecture based on DSC to deeply extract robust features. Finally, the fully connected (FC) layers exclusively use the SoftMax activation function to normalize, predict and classify output classes. The model was evaluated on cropped FV images from the IDIAP and SCUT-SFVD datasets, achieving high accuracy rates of 100% and 99.499%, respectively. It also has the lowest number of trainable parameters at 131,106 acquired from fifteen convolutional and depth-separable convolution layers.

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE IT DEPARTMENT THE INSTITUTION CARE OF HEALTH

The paper considers the problem of studying the organizational structure of the IT department of a healthcare institution. Connecting a healthcare institution to the Electronic Healthcare System is one of the mandatory conditions of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine for concluding agreements with the National Health Service of Ukraine and transitioning to cavitation, which, in turn, requires a significant amount of computer equipment that constantly uses communication technologies and works with a significant amount of information (databases). The regular work of the entire complex requires the participation of a relevant specialist, and, given the scale of the institution, a relevant structural unit responsible for the work of computer equipment and information technologies (IT services). Given the current organizational structure of the institution, it is proposed to subordinate the department to the Deputy Director General. The head of the department is responsible for the system's performance within the functional scope of the Director General and his deputies and manages the specialists of the department. Each of the specialists is responsible for the functioning of the system within the assigned department. Such a functional division allows to clearly defining the areas of responsibility of each employee. The planned organizational structure of the IT service is divided into functional and support parts. The functional part ensures the functioning of the information system within the main departments and auxiliary services and consists of relevant specialists assigned to the structural unit. The support part is responsible for the operation of the information system of the institution as a whole, the administrative and economic complex and carries out general administration and current technical maintenance of the information system of the healthcare institution. The paper proposes an organizational structure of the IT department of a healthcare institution, the functional content of which depends on a specific medical information system from the list of recommended by the Ministry of Health. The possibilities of assessing the efficiency of the department and effective indicators are determined. The directions of further research into the process of digitalization of the activities of healthcare institutions are outlined.

Intrafirm collaboration network dynamics, external cooperation network embeddedness, and firm knowledge search

ABSTRACT In the context of open innovation, firms urgently expand knowledge search and acquisition externally, forming complex interactions between internal networks and their knowledge exploration behaviours. However, prior research has overlooked network dynamics and treated internal networks as static. Drawing upon social network theory and the knowledge-based view, our study constructs a theoretical model that links intrafirm collaboration network dynamics with knowledge search within firms. We also investigated external contextual mechanisms such as the relationship strength, relationship breadth, and network centrality of corporate external networks. These moderate the relationship between intrafirm collaboration network dynamics and firms’ knowledge search. We empirically test the hypotheses using data from listed firms in the Chinese computer, communication, and electronic equipment manufacturing industry (C39) between 2014 and 2021. The results indicate that the intrafirm collaboration network dynamic has an inverted U-shaped effect on firms’ knowledge search breadth and depth. Relationship strength and network centrality weaken these effects.

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Akademi Maritim Nasional Jakarta Raya (Aman Jaya) dalam Upaya Pencegahan Judi Online di Majelis Taklim Nurul Irfan, Koja, Jakarta Utara

The use of this technology has driven rapid business growth, because various information has been presented sophisticatedly and easily obtained, and through long-distance relationships utilizing telecommunications technology can be used as material for carrying out further business steps. The parties involved in the transaction do not need to meet in person, simply through computer and telecommunications equipment, such conditions are a sign of the beginning of the cyber era. Gambling or gambling in article 1 of Law Number 7 of 1974 concerning the Control of Gambling is referred to as a criminal act of gambling and is identical to crime, but the definition of a criminal act of gambling is basically not stated clearly and in detail either in the Criminal Code or in Law Number 7 of 1974 concerning the Control of Gambling.

CYBER THREATS IN THE NEW REALITY OF RUSSIA: STATUS AND METHODS OF COUNTERING

In the modern world, information security issues are becoming an integral part of life . In connection with the widespread introduction of modern information technologies into human activity, his life, information resources are the most vulnerable part of the system, subject to increasing attacks from intruders and of interest . Moreover, every year, cybercriminals use new ways and methods of committing atrocities, finding vulnerabilities both in computer networks, information security systems, and taking advantage of the gullibility and computer illiteracy of users, including using social engineering techniques . This necessitates the need to focus on data security in cyberspace, ensuring the proper level of information protection, and an integrated approach to solving this problem . In the modern world, users use many techniques and methods for protecting data - cryptography, hardware protection for computer equipment, authentication and many others . This article, based on scientific research materials and special literature on the subject of research, presents the capabilities of one of the most reliable technologies - blockchain technology, which, due to a number of distinctive properties and characteristics, allows for more reliable information protection . Further digitalization of society determines the development of new techniques and methods for protecting information . The main trends in the development of cyber defense are the further study and use of artificial intelligence, quantum cryptography, and cloud technologies . An important role in the field of data protection is also played by increasing the level of information security of society, eliminating computer illiteracy of users, and complying with the rules for using computer networks .

Application of physical and mathematical modeling in the educational process by the example of power plant simulators

This article discusses the application of digital twin technology in thermal power engineering. Special attention is paid to the influence of digital models of the existing equipment of the powerplant on the educational process in higher educational institutions and professional development of service personnel. The article summarizes the results of the introduction of power plant simulators into the curriculum, the methodology of laboratory work and the organization of training sessions. It is also shown that the introduction of physical and mathematical modeling in education and practice contributes to improving the safety and efficiency of work in the energy sector. The results of the introduction of plant simulators into the curriculum are summarized. The software of computer equipment provided for classes at a higher educational institution is considered as a tool for practicing operation skills and creating digital models. When working in a software package, the user is given the opportunity to control units of equipment individually, collectively as a whole unit, or create computational models consisting of simple blocks of equipment. The proposed mutual cooperation between software developers and universities can lead to the creation of digital models to enable retraining of specialists in the workplace, as well as increasing the level of knowledge of graduates. The result of the introduction of a virtual testing ground in a higher educational institution in order to verify the knowledge of students is considered. Thus, the introduction of digital twins into the educational process and practice of work in the thermal power industry is a promising direction for the development of the industry. It contributes to improving the level of training of specialists, ensuring the safety and efficiency of equipment operation, as well as reducing the risks of emergency situations

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Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through renovation of the existing building stock is high on national and international agendas, but a broader understanding that includes building inventory and the circular economy is not often included. By 2028, the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) plans to consolidate university campuses and rehabilitate up to 45 000 m2 of buildings. There are some signs of circular economy at the university in institutionally established practices such as waste sorting, and green procurement, but there exists a greater potential. In 2021, the authors organised a living lab at the university, aiming to investigate whether further measures could be implemented to reduce the consumption of university inventory, such as furniture and computer equipment. We found that reuse, in contrast to the centralised administrative provision of inventory, encouraged practices of care. The experiments in the living lab addressed the dominant homogeneity and standardised character of university fixtures and fittings, provoking enthusiasm for previously discarded and unwanted objects and offering opportunities for new caring relationships. The paper asks, in what ways caring practices are performed in efforts to reduce consumption and achieve sustainability goals in complex organisations such as universities. Data was collected during experiments organised as part of the living lab. The caring practices that we identified are context-aware, empowering, egalitarian, and avoid prioritising some kinds of practices and objects over others.

Networked microcontrollers for accessible, distributed spatial audio

State-of-the-art systems for spatial and immersive audio are typically very costly, being reliant on specialist audio hardware capable of performing computationally intensive signal processing and delivering output to many tens, if not hundreds, of loudspeakers. Centralised systems of this sort suffer from limited accessibility due to their inflexibility and expense. Building on the research of the past few decades in the transmission of audio data over computer networks, and the emergence in recent years of increasingly capable, low-cost microcontroller-based development platforms with support for both networking and audio functionality, we present a prototype decentralised, modular alternative. Having previously explored the feasibility of running a microcontroller device as a networked audio client, here we describe the development of a client-server system with improved scalability via multicast data transmission. The system operates on ubiquitous, commonplace computing and networking equipment, with a view to it being a simple, versatile, and highly-accessible platform, capable of granting users the freedom to explore audio spatialisation approaches at vastly reduced expense. Though faced by significant technical challenges, particularly with regard to maintaining synchronicity between distributed audio processors, the system produces perceptually plausible results. Findings are commensurate with a capability, with further development and research, to disrupt and democratise the fields of spatial and immersive audio.

Software and Data Support for Computer Forensic Analysis

Introduction: the paper highlights the role of software and data support for computer forensic analysis carried out at the stage of judicial investigation and preliminary investigation, emphasizing its importance in the era of digitalization. Purpose: disclose the questions that modern technologies of computer-technical expertise are able to answer, and necessary data sets for research. Methods: the methodological framework for the study is based on the methods of consistency and analysis. Results: the paper presents a methodology for auditing computer equipment (CE) and information and communication technologies (ICT) in the context of criminal investigations. It also elucidates the techniques and methods employed in the study of CE and ICT hardware and software. Conclusions: the author analyzes the state of crime related to the use of computer technology in telematics networks and information and communication technologies, identifies ways to commit crimes related to the use of malware and legal software, the functioning of a dynamic system representing the mechanism of these crimes, as well as systemic aspects of the emergence and investigation of threats of this type.

Comparative analysis of performance, efficiency, and resource usage between COMSOL Multiphysics and the MPh library of Python in the simulation of physical phenomena

MPh is a library of Python that makes possible to link the Python computer language with COMSOL Multiphysics. The use of the MPh library opens the possibility to save the computer resources employed when simulating physical phenomena and solving mathematical models and equations. In the Python command interpreter is possible to change or adjust some settings and parameters from the models created in COMSOL, and to execute the COMSOL kernel to solve those models. In this study, we compare the performance of COMSOL Multiphysics and the MPh library of Python when computing the magnetic field generated by a distribution of currents and ferromagnetic material. The metrics employed to do the comparison and the methodology to measure them are described, as well as the computer equipment where the programs ran. The results show that the execution time of the computations are similar in both software, but in the rest of the metrics, the execution in Python surpassed the execution in COMSOL. We showed that the MPh library of Python demands less CPU and RAM usage when solving the mathematical models and the files containing the solutions use less storage memory. As a conclusion, we propose the use of the MPh library of Python to improve the performance of the computer in charge of carrying out the calculations.

Enfoque multitareas implementado en una minicomputadora para el control y monitoreo de un motor a pasos industrial

This paper presents the implementation of the multitasking approach on a Raspberry Pi single board minicomputer, with experimental results, of the control and monitoring of an industrial type Nema 34 stepper motor through a user interface that allows the configuration of the control operation and data visualization to interact with the physical devices. One of the tasks consists of generating a pulse width modulation that is sent to the DQ860HA driver to rotate the stepper motor considering 400 pulses per revolution, while the second task simultaneously counts the number of pulses produced by an encoder with a resolution of 100 pulses per revolution, which is coupled to the motor shaft. The use of low-cost computer equipment and open-source software makes the presented development can be considered as a frugal technology application for the control and monitoring of an industrial system, with experimental results that validate the correct operation of two tasks that must be executed simultaneously.

Analysis the Functions for James Webb Telescope on THESAN Project

The THESAN simulation project is a method used to understand the universe. However, the usage of such simulations often requires a lot of computation, complex technology, and high-end equipment, among which James Webb Telescope (JWST) is one of the most important devices in the simulation. The purpose of this study is to analyze and introduce the function and impact of JWST in the THESAN simulation project. First of all, this article briefly introduces the THESAN simulation project and JWST. Then, the study presents the JWST observation mission of galaxy clusters, clusters of galaxies, nebulae and exoplanets in the specific data, as well as the strategy of ERO program in detail. Finally, the paper describes the impact and improvement of the observations made after the JWST launch on the THESAN simulation project and various related data. According to the analysis, these results help stakeholders understand the function of JWST in the THESAN simulation project more quickly.

Створення надійних ноутбуків на основі простих змінних компонентів

The subject of study in this article and research is principles of creating of reliable and repairable notebooks. The goal is to determine the structural and circuitral peculiarities of the construction of portable computers and laptops, which improve fault tolerance, repairability, allow possibility of power supply using wider voltage range, and also reduce the cost of repairing, which makes it possible to create more reliable solutions with fault tolerance. The task is to analyze the existing architectures of computers built on modern chipsets; to analyze cases of failure of the computer equipment regarding the causes and consequences of faults; to analyze the possible reasonability of repairing and the computer repair options; to propose recommendations of the structural organization of notebook components and the recommendations for the support of a wide range of notebook voltages of power supply. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. The analysis of the constructional design features of modern laptops and portable computers is performed. The main components of notebook motherboard, including the processor, multicontroller, and host bridge, are analyzed. The possible causes of faults of system board components are analyzed. The interaction of the multicontroller with BIOS and UEFI of notebooks is analyzed. The causes and solutions of possible issues of battery replacement are identified. The disadvantages of direct wired connection of peripheral devices to the processors implemented as a system on chip are discussed. The recommendations of the creation of repairable circuits of notebooks are proposed. The proposed circuits have a higher cost, weight and size characteristics with higher power consumption, but the obtained fault-tolerance allows the use in critical industries. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is in the fact that the performed analysis of solutions from leading manufacturers and the practical experience of laptop failures diagnostics allowed to propose a set of recommendations of the reliable laptops creation and modification of the existing components including the suppor of a wide range of power supply voltages, that will make it possible the charging from power sources without the use of an additional converters. The proposed use of discrete components and controllers for each interface port for connection of peripheral devices increases the system durability to the influence of external factors with maintaining of workability of the notebook and the rest ports of motherboard in case of the fault of one of them.

How Does Innovation-Collaboration Network Structure Influence Regional Economic Resilience?

This paper examines whether different structures of co-patenting networks affect regional economic adaptation and adaptability in divergent ways. Adaptation differentiates from adaptability by recovering in a pre-shock growth path, while adaptability entails forging a new growth path. Focusing on computer, electronic, and electrical equipment manufacturing industries in U.S. metropolitan and micropolitan areas from 1990 to 2012, the study reveals that complete networks, characterized by closely connected nodes, promote adaptation but weaken adaptability. In contrast, coalitional networks, featuring loosely connected subgroups, enhance adaptability but hurt adaptation. The study contributes to regional economic resilience literature by empirically demonstrating the trade-off relationship between adaptation and adaptability from network structures’ perspective. Practically, the study helps policy makers to effectively allocate stimuli, such as grants and tax incentives, to develop targeted co-patenting networks to improve adaptation or adaptability.

Teachers’ Utilization of Information and Communication Technology and Learners’ Academic Performance

Several novel concepts and understandings in education can result from researching how teachers use information and communication technology (ICT) and how that use affects students’ academic achievement. It is on this premise that this paper aimed to determine the extent of teachers’ ICT utilization and its relationship with learners’ academic in a public secondary school, in one of the districts of a large size schools division in Central Philippines, during the School Year 2023-2024. Data needed for this descriptive study was collected from 42 respondents using a self-made 30-item questionnaire that has passed the rigorous tests of validity and reliability. This study employed appropriate statistical methods based on the stated objectives namely, frequency and percentage count, Mean, Mann-Whitney U-test and Spearman Rho. Data showed a great extent of teachers’ ICT utilization when analyzed regarding instructional delivery and computer peripherals and equipment. Meanwhile, learners’ academic performance was found to be very satisfactory. The results state that the relationship between extent of teachers’ ICT utilization in teaching and learners’ academic performance is interpreted as not significant, the extent of teacher’s utilization of Information and Communication Technology does not affect the learners’ academic performance. The study results call for the teachers to encourage using technology in delivering the lesson, and the higher authority may support the school in providing the needs of the teachers and students and equip educators with tangible abilities to enhance technology integration in classrooms, fostering creativity, collaboration, and continuous refinement of teaching and learning approaches. Keywords: Information and communication technology, instructional delivery, computer peripherals and equipment, Negros Occidental, Philippines.

Hardware Failure Prediction Modes Powered by Artificial Intelligence

With the increase of the system scale and complexity of modern computer systems and electronic equipment, the physical components (hardware) in computer or electronic equipment are damaged, the performance is reduced or the normal operation of computer and electronic systems is greatly increased due to various reasons. Detecting and predicting hardware faults in time is the key to ensure system stability and reliability. Hardware failure prediction technology based on artificial intelligence (AI) can effectively predict potential hardware failures by analyzing historical data, monitoring equipment operating status in real time, and reducing system downtime and maintenance costs. This paper reviews the current hardware fault prediction methods based on artificial intelligence, discusses the common algorithms, technical challenges, and application scenarios, and looks forward to the future development direction of this field.

Las competencias digitales y la autonomía del estudiantado de educación superior. Validación y diagnóstico

Aim. This study aims to analyze the levels of digital competencies (DC) and autonomy among higher education students and to characterize the possible correlation between these variables. Method. A non-probabilistic convenience sample of 294 Mexican undergraduate Social Sciences and Humanities students was used. The research was quantitative-correlational, descriptive-cross-sectional, and non-experimental. Self-administered online questionnaires were used to measure the DC and autonomy variables: an adaptation to Mexican Spanish of the instrument “Basic Digital Competencies 2.0 of University Students” (COBADI®) (Zapata-Ross, 2013) and the “Autonomy” by Bei et al. (2019), respectively. Results. Diverse levels of DC and autonomy were found among students from the different universities. Higher levels of DC and autonomy were associated with being female, using ICT for academic activities, having computer equipment and the Internet, and using the computer for more hours. Non-parametric tests confirmed direct and moderate associations between the variables, particularly when considering some of their dimensions. Conclusions. Adequate levels of DC are associated with higher student autonomy in ICT-mediated education.