Computational Flow Analysis Research Articles

Computational analysis of pulsatile blood flow and heat transport dynamics in middle cerebral artery aneurysms in different body physiologies

This paper presents a comprehensive hemodynamic evaluation of two endovascular techniques for treating cerebral aneurysms. Using the finite volume method, we simulated pulsatile blood flow and heat transport dynamics in two saccular aneurysms of varying sizes and shapes. We assessed hemodynamic factors under two coiling conditions with different porosities and deformation stages to identify the most effective treatment for each case. Our computational analysis reveals that stent and coiling applications are more efficient for aneurysms with low-sac volume. Notably, stent placement proves to be more effective than coiling in treating saccular aneurysms. Our findings indicate that stent-induced deformation sufficiently diverts the main blood flow, thereby reducing the risk of aneurysm rupture near the ostium region.

E-waste challenges of generative artificial intelligence.

Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) requires substantial computational resources for model training and inference, but the electronic-waste (e-waste) implications of GAI and its management strategies remain underexplored. Here we introduce a computational power-driven material flow analysis framework to quantify and explore ways of managing the e-waste generated by GAI, with a particular focus on large language models. Our findings indicate that this e-waste stream could increase, potentially reaching a total accumulation of 1.2-5.0 million tons during 2020-2030, under different future GAI development settings. This may be intensified in the context of geopolitical restrictions on semiconductor imports and the rapid server turnover for operational cost savings. Meanwhile, we show that the implementation of circular economy strategies along the GAI value chain could reduce e-waste generation by 16-86%. This underscores the importance of proactive e-waste management in the face of advancing GAI technologies.

Computational Analysis of Flow Around Two Wall-Mounted Trapezoidal Bluff Bodies Arranged in Tandem Position

Abstract Flow around two identical wall-mounted trapezoidal bluff bodies, arranged in tandem, is numerically investigated at a Reynolds number of 750,000. The investigation employs Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations and the k–ω SST turbulence model. The effect due to the change of the angular orientation of the inclined faces (α) of this bluff body and the pitch distance (L/D) on hydrodynamic quantities and turbulence quantities is investigated. Furthermore, the drag coefficient and Strouhal number have also been evaluated to understand the vortex shedding and flow pattern-related phenomena. For d and intermediate types of bluff bodies, the streamwise mean velocity, cross-stream mean velocity, turbulence kinetic energy, and recirculation length decrease with the increase of α or L/D. Significant changes are also observed in the case of Strouhal number. Reduction in drag coefficient and recirculation length is observed with increased L/D at a constant α for d-type bluff bodies. The change of α and L/D also creates the formation of a periodic von Kármán vortex street at downstream of the second bluff body in the case of L/D = 7, making the flows more complex and unstable. The maximum size of the recirculation bubble occurs in the case of L/D = 10 at α = 30 deg. The investigation provides valuable insight into the complex dynamics of tandem configurations of wall-mounted bluff bodies.

Investigating the pathophysiology and evolution of internal carotid dissection: a fluid-structure interaction simulation study.

Arterial dissection, a condition marked by the tearing of the carotid artery's inner layers, can result in varied clinical outcomes, including progression, stability, or spontaneous regression. Understanding these outcomes' underlying mechanisms is crucial for enhancing patient care, particularly with the increasing use of computer simulations in medical diagnostics and treatment planning. The aim of this study is to utilize computational analysis of blood flow and vascular wall to: (1) understand the pathophysiology of stroke-like episodes in patients with carotid artery dissection; and (2) assess the effectiveness of this method in predicting the evolution of carotid dissection. Utilizing contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), we segmented images of the patient's right internal carotid artery. These images were transformed into 3D solids for simulation in Ansys multifisic software, employing a two-way fluid structure interaction (FSI) analysis. Simulations were conducted across two wall conditions (atherosclerotic and normal) and three pressure states (hypotension, normotension, hypertension). The simulations indicated a significant pressure discrepancy between the true and false lumens of the artery. This suggests that flap motion and functional occlusion under hypertensive conditions could be the cause of the clinical episodes. Thrombotic risk and potential for dissection extension were not found to be critical concerns. However, a non-negligible risk of vessel dilation was assessed, aligning with the patient's clinical follow-up data. This study highlights specific hemodynamic parameters that could elucidate carotid artery dissection's mechanisms, offering a potential predictive tool for assessing dissection progression and informing personalized patient care strategies.

An artificial neural network approach to characterizing the behavior of bioconvective nanofluid model using backpropagation of Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm

The study of the behavior of bioconvective nanofluid model (BC-NFM) was explored using bioconvection properties in the computational analysis of magnetized nanofluid flow that was convectively heated, which is critical for applications in energy systems and biomedical devices. We implemented a backpropagated Levenberg–Marquardt neural network approach (BLMNNA) to enhance the analysis and prediction accuracy of such fluid flows. Using the Adams numerical technique, we generated a comprehensive dataset for eight distinct scenarios by variation of thermophoresis parameter, Rayleigh number, Deborah parameter, Hartman number, Prandtl number, bioconvection Lewis number, and Schmidt number to train and test our model. The results demonstrate significant improvements in prediction accuracy and computational efficiency compared to traditional numerical solvers. The steps of training, testing, and validating the developed BLMNNA are used to get the desired numerical solutions of BC-NFM for various instances. The worth and accuracy of the stochastic numerical solutions of BC-NFM are established and authenticated by the outputs of the designed methodology BLMNNA through Adaptation graphs of Mean Square Error, regression studies, plots of error histogram and index of state transition. Excellent measurements of performance in terms of MEAN SQUARE ERROR are achieved at level 9.76E[Formula: see text], 1.41E[Formula: see text], 1.79E[Formula: see text], 1.22E[Formula: see text], 8.49E[Formula: see text], 7.19E[Formula: see text], 9.72E[Formula: see text], and 9.35E[Formula: see text] against 69, 73, 96, 76, 237, 86, 120, and 33 epochs. The significant connection between the proposed and reference findings demonstrates the validity of the BLMNNA based on error analysis, which ranges from E[Formula: see text] to E[Formula: see text] for all situations. The results show that the proposed neural network approach achieves a high level of accuracy, closely matching the outcomes obtained from the numerical solver. The method provides an efficient and precise solution for the analysis of complex fluid flow problems, representing a significant advancement over traditional numerical techniques.

Multiscale computational analysis of the steady fluid flow through a lymph node.

Lymph Nodes (LNs) are crucial to the immune and lymphatic systems, filtering harmful substances and regulating lymph transport. LNs consist of a lymphoid compartment (LC) that forms a porous bulk region, and a subcapsular sinus (SCS), which is a free-fluid region. Mathematical and mechanical challenges arise in understanding lymph flow dynamics. The highly vascularized lymph node connects the lymphatic and blood systems, emphasizing its essential role in maintaining the fluid balance in the body. In this work, we describe a mathematical model in a steady setting to describe the lymph transport in a lymph node. We couple the fluid flow in the SCS governed by an incompressible Stokes equation with the fluid flow in LC, described by a model obtained by means of asymptotic homogenisation technique, taking into account the multiscale nature of the node and the fluid exchange with the blood vessels inside it. We solve this model using numerical simulations and we analyze the lymph transport inside the node to elucidate its regulatory mechanisms and significance. Our results highlight the crucial role of the microstructure of the lymph node in regularising its fluid balance. These results can pave the way to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the lymph node's multiscale functionalities which can be significantly affected by specific physiological and pathological conditions, such as those characterising malignant tissues.

Computational analysis of radiative flow of power law fluid with heat generation effects: Galerkin finite element simulations

This research aims to presents the free convective flow power law fluid due to vertical cone. The investigation for observing the heat transfer phenomenon is accounted to heat generation and radiative effects. The assumption of variable viscosity is taken into account. A vertical cone induced the flow. The dimensionless variables are followed to attains the simplified form. The numerical computations are performed with help of famous finite element method (FEM). The FEM algorithm is supported with applications of quadratic Lagrange polynomials. The results are confirmed with peak accuracy. The physical aspect of problem is presented in view of shear thickening, shear thinning and viscous material case. A comparative thermal reflection in absence and presence of heat generation have been endorsed. Moreover, the insight of various parameters on Nusselt number is also presented.

Thermal and Computational Analysis of MHD Dissipative Flow of Eyring-Powell Fluid: Non-Similar Approach via Overlapping Grid-Based Spectral Collocation Scheme

The aim of the present study is to numerically investigate the non-similar flow and heat transfer in a dissipative Eyring-Powell fluid (EPF) over a stretching surface. A constant magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the stretched surface to explore the impact of the Lorentz force. Both viscous and magnetic dissipation are considered to comprehensively examine their effects on heat transfer. The problem in hand does not admit self-similar solutions as the non-Newtonian fluid parameter varies with the spatial variable along the stream-wise direction. Consequently, the set of nonlinear partial differential equations, modeling the flow problem is nondimensionalized primarily by employing a pseudo-similarity variable and stream-wise coordinate. The non-dimensional set of nonlinear partial differential equations is solved by a newly developed and efficient “overlapping multi-domain bivariate spectral local linearization method (OMD-BSLLM)”. The current study includes residual error analysis and convergence tests to demonstrate the accuracy of the numerical method applied to the current mathematical model. Graphs show fluid flow and heat transfer results for different flow parameters, while tables display skin friction and Nusselt number values. The results indicate that the non-Newtonian fluid parameter enhances both the velocity profile and temperature distribution. The fluid decelerates with increasing the dimensionless stream wise coordinate and Hartmann number. Viscous dissipation and dimensionless stream-wise coordinate enhances the temperature profile.

Validation of classification system for isolated superior mesenteric artery dissections using image-based computational flow analysis

Background and ObjectiveThe isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection (ISMAD) is a rare but potentially fatal vascular disorder. Classifications for ISMAD were previously proposed based on morphometric features. However, the classification systems were not standardized and verified yet. This study conducted computational flow analysis to validate the latest classification system of ISMAD and aid clinical decision-making based on hemodynamic parameters. Methods62 patients with ISMAD were included and classified into different types according to false lumen structures (five types, Type I-V) and true lumen patency (two types, Type P and Type S) according to Qiu classification system. Computational fluid dynamics and three-dimensional structural analyses were conducted on the basis of computed tomography angiography datasets. Quantitative and qualitative functional analyses were performed via parameters of interest including volume flow of each minute, pressure drop, pressure gradient, the derivative parameters of wall shear stress such as time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), and the relative residence time (RRT). Statistical analyses were conducted among different ISMAD types. ResultsTAWSS, OSI and RRT showed significant difference among different types when classified using false lumen structures. In detail, Type IV showed significantly higher TAWSS than other types (p = 0.007). OSI was obviously higher in Type II (p = 0.015). Type IV also presented the lowest RRT (p = 0.005). The pressure drop, pressure gradient, OSI and RRT showed higher value in Type S than that in Type P, demonstrating a statistical significance with p values of 0.017, 0.041, 0.001 and 0.012, respectively. While Type P had larger volume flow than Type S (p = 0.041). ConclusionsThe notable differences in hemodynamic features among different types demonstrated the feasibility of Qiu classification system. The evaluation based on hemodynamic simulation might also provide insights into risk identification and guide therapeutic decisions for ISMAD.

Computational Analysis of MHD Nanofluid Flow Across a Heated Square Cylinder with Heat Transfer and Entropy Generation

Computational Analysis of MHD Nanofluid Flow Across a Heated Square Cylinder with Heat Transfer and Entropy Generation

Role of aneurysmal hemodynamic changes in pathogenesis of headaches associated with unruptured cerebral aneurysms.

One symptom commonly associated with the presence of unruptured intracranial aneurysms is headache. In this study, the authors aimed to analyze factors associated with headaches among patients with intracranial aneurysms, with special consideration of hemodynamic parameters. The authors prospectively included 96 patients with 122 unruptured intracranial aneurysms. The authors obtained detailed medical history including current diseases and medications, as well as blood pressure values taken during hospitalization from the patients' medical records. The short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire was administered to each patient at admission and 3-6 months after the procedure to assess type and severity of headache. Based on imaging data, the authors obtained 3D reconstruction of each patients' aneurysm dome with feeding artery. The authors performed computational fluid dynamics analysis of blood flow through prepared models using OpenFOAM. Blood was modeled as Newtonian fluid, using the incompressible transient solver. Patient-specific internal carotid artery (ICA) blood velocity waves obtained with Doppler ultrasound were set as inlet boundary conditions. After performing simulation, the authors calculated the hemodynamic parameters of the aneurysm dome. A total of 30 patients (31.25%) reported having headaches. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, female sex (OR 2.81, 95% CI 2.51-4.86; p < 0.01), ICA aneurysm location (OR 7.93, 95% CI 5.51-8.52; p < 0.01), multiple aneurysms (OR 6.05, 95% CI 1.83-11.83; p = 0.02), mean dome blood velocity (OR 3.10, 95% CI 2.01-3.30; p < 0.01) and time-averaged wall shear stress (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.47-2.72; p = 0.04) were independently associated with the presence of headache. Additionally, 17 patients (56.67%) reported complete relief of symptoms after the procedure. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the mean blood flow in the ICA was independently associated with complete resolution of headaches after aneurysm treatment (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.57-3.28; p < 0.01). Hemodynamic parameters of intracranial aneurysms might be associated with headaches and their relief after aneurysm treatment.

Computational analysis of magnetohydrodynamic ternary-hybrid nanofluid flow and heat transfer inside a porous cavity with shape effects

The current study aims to analyze the magnetohydrodynamic natural convective fluid flow and heat transmission features of the ternary-hybrid nanofluid filled the partially heated porous square cavity under the impacts of heat absorption/generation and thermal radiation. The governing equations are solved using the Marker and Cell method. In the present study, three different types of nanoparticles, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT), and silver (Ag), are suspended in an inorganic (water) or non-polar organic (kerosene) solvent. Nine different shapes of nanoparticles are utilized in this study. The outcomes show that for the fixed pertinent parameter values of the existence and nonexistence of heat generation/absorption, the MoS2+SWCNT+Ag/water ternary-hybrid nanofluids synthesized by lamina-shaped nanoparticles, the average thermal transmission rate is increased by 40.8523%, 36.329%, and 38.7025%, respectively, than sphere-shaped nanoparticles. In addition, utilizing the MoS2+SWCNT+Ag/kerosene ternary-hybrid nanofluids synthesized by lamina-shaped nanoparticles, the average heat transmission rate is augmented by 38.0322%, 33.0464%, and 35.5868%, respectively, than sphere-shaped nanoparticles. The current study reveals that the fluid flow and heat transfer efficiency are significantly increased by improving the nanoparticle volume fraction and shape factors depending upon the existence of heat absorption/generation. The high average heat transfer efficiency is observed when lamina-shaped nanoparticles are dispersed into the water compared to kerosene in the presence of a heat source. This study can enhance heat transmission efficiency in various industrial and engineering fields, such as heat exchangers, solar collectors, and fuel cells.

The necessity evaluation of distal bare stent for treating type B aortic dissection using image-based computational flow analysis

This study aims to verify the necessity of the provisional extension to induce complete attachment (PETTICOAT) technique, by comparing the clinical outcomes with traditional thoracic endovascular repair (TEVAR) procedure. 40 patients with a total of 120 computed tomography angiography examinations (including Pre, Post1, and Post2 for each case) were included and divided into PETTICOAT group (n = 20) and TEVAR group (n = 20) according to the employed intervention technique. The potential risk factors for distal stent-induced new entry (SINE) and morphological and hemodynamic indices related to the aortic remodeling were computed and compared between two groups. All computed potential risk factors for distal SINE showed insignificant difference between PETTICOAT and TEVAR groups. There is no statistically significant difference in the morphological parameters when assessing the aortic remodeling. Regarding hemodynamic factors, the percentage of high relative residence time of Post2 was greater in PETTICOAT group than that of TEVAR group (median, 0.22; interquartile range (IQR), [0.00–0.56] in PETTICOAT vs median, 0.01; IQR, [0.00–0.10] in TEVAR; p = 0.01). The first balance position of computed luminal pressure difference shifted more distally from Post1 to Post2 for patients underwent PETTICOAT than those underwent TEVAR (median, 1.04 cm; IQR, [0.00–6.29 cm] in PETTICOAT vs median, 0.00 cm; IQR, [−1.66 to 1.28 cm] in TEVAR; p = 0.02). PETTICOAT procedure could effectively enhance false lumen thrombosis and aortic remodeling when assessed from functional perspective. However, there is a lack of evidence to support that PETTICOAT can prevent distal SINE.

Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Slip Flow and Heat Transfer at the Entrance Region of a Circular Pipe

In the era of sustainable development goals (SDGs), energy efficient heat transfer systems are a must. Convective heat transfer within circular pipes is an important field of research on a rarely addressed limitation of fluid flows. Vacuum solar tubes is one of many applications that could benefit from the existence of nanoparticles, Al2O3, for example, to enhance the heating of air or water steam. The current research investigates the impacts of the Reynolds number (Re), Prandtl number (Pr), Knudsen number (Kn), aspect ratio (x/Dh), and volume fraction of Al2O3 nanoparticles (ϕ) on the Nusselt number (Nu) under constant wall heat flux conditions. An axisymmetric computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of the nanofluid flowing at the entrance region of a circular pipe was conducted under a slip flow at steady-state developing laminar conditions using the Ansys-Fluent 2018 software package. A mesh sensitivity analysis was conducted, and a proper number of mesh elements was selected. The results showed that an increasing Re and/or ϕ would result in an increasing Nu. The dependance of Nu on Kn was strong due to the high slip values and temperature jump. An increasing x/Dh ratio resulted in reduced Nu values. The major impact was due to Kn, which caused a reduction of up to 40% in the Nu value due to slip conditions. However, there was an enhancement of 2.5% in the heat transfer due to the addition of nanoparticles, which was found at Re = 250, Kn = 0.1, and ϕ = 0.1 (Pr = 0.729). Finally, Nuavg, Nux, U/Um, and ReCf were corelated with Kn, Pr, Re, and x/Dh with proper coefficient of determination (R2) values.

Fractional numerical analysis of γ-Al2O3 nanofluid flows with effective Prandtl number for enhanced heat transfer

Abstract Nanoparticles have gained recognition for significantly improving convective heat transfer efficiency near boundary layer flows. The characteristics of both momentum and thermal boundary layers are significantly influenced by the Prandtl number, which holds a crucial role. In this vein, the current study conducted a detailed computational analysis of the mixed convection flow of $\gamma$Al$_2$O$_3$-H$_2$O and $\gamma$Al$_2$O$_3$-C$_2$H$_6$O$_2$ nanofluids over a stretching surface. This research integrates an effective Prandtl number, utilizing viscosity and thermal conductivity models based on empirical findings. Additionally, a unique double-fractional constitutive model is debuted to accurately evaluate the effective Prandtl number’s function in the boundary layer. The equations were solved using a numerical technique that combined the finite-difference method with the L$_1$ algorithm. This investigation presents numerical findings related to the velocity, temperature distributions, wall shear stress coefficient, and heat transfer coefficient, contrasting scenarios with and without the effective Prandtl number. The research shows that integrating nanoparticles into the base fluids reduces the temperature of the nanofluid with an effective Prandtl number while enhancing the heat transfer rate irrespective of its presence. Nonetheless, the introduction of a fractional parameter reduced the heat transfer efficiency within the system. Notably, the $\gamma$Al$_2$O$_3$-C$_2$H$_6$O$_2$ nanofluid demonstrates superior heat transfer enhancement capabilities compared to its $\gamma$Al$_2$O$_3$-H$_2$O counterpart but also exacerbates the drag coefficient more significantly. Many practical applications of this study include electronics cooling, industrial process heat exchangers, and rotating and stationary gas turbines in power plants, and efficient heat exchangers in aircraft.

Explicit computational analysis of unsteady maxwell nanofluid flow on moving plates with stochastic variations

It is imperative to investigate the proposed computational scheme for the resolution of two-dimensional partial differential equations that result from non-Newtonian nanofluid flow over flat and oscillatory sheets, taking into account the effects of the magnetic field and chemical reactions, as it is designed to address stochasticity, unstable flow conditions, and Maxwellian behaviour. Consequently, it offers valuable insights into the dynamics of nanofluids. A stochastic computational scheme is suggested to address the two-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) caused by non-Newtonian nanofluid flow over flat and oscillatory sheets in the presence of a magnetic field and chemical reaction effects. The Taylor series analysis is employed to construct a scheme. The two-stage approach can be employed to discretize the time derivative in the differential equations. The stability study results and the consistency by mean square measure are also included. The continuity equation in the given partial differential equations (PDEs) is discretized using the first-order finite difference approach. The remaining equations, including the energy equation, the nanoparticle volume fraction, and the Navier-Stokes equation, are discretized using the second-order difference in space scheme that is proposed. Three separate figures show how the various parameters affect the nanoparticle volume fractions, velocity, and temperature. Through a focus on a specific computational technique designed to handle the challenges given by stochasticity, unstable flow conditions, and the Maxwellian behaviour shown by these nanofluids, this study introduction serves as a portal into the involved domain of nanofluid dynamics.

Multi-Directional Wind Turbine with Combined Savonius and Darrieus Rotors: A Comparative Performance Analysis

This study presents a comprehensive investigation into five distinct combinations of wind turbine configurations, each integrating Savonius and Darrieus rotors on a single shaft. The studied configurations include Single Stage Savonius and H-Darrieus, Two-Stage Savonius and D-Darrieus, Two-Stage Savonius and H-Darrieus, Helical Darrieus and Two-Stage Savonius, and Two-Stage Savonius and H-Darrieus in series. Our research uses Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations conducted using ANSYS Fluent to meticulously analyze and optimize these turbine designs. Through rigorous computational modeling and flow analysis, we aim to elucidate the performance characteristics, including torque generation, torque nature, flow time, and power output, for each configuration. Following thorough comparison, our findings highlight the double-stage Savonius and D Darrieus turbine as exhibiting superior performance attributes. This research contributes valuable insights into the advancement of multi-directional wind turbine technology, facilitating enhanced energy harnessing from varying wind conditions.

Computational analysis of the bioconvective flow of Williamson–Sutterby fluid with microorganisms and activation energy subject to Cattaneo–Christov double-diffusion effects

This research aims to develop a mathematical model and outline the implications of the free convection flow within a non-Newtonian Williamson–Sutterby type nonfluid through a stretching surface placed horizontally with magnetic dipole effect. The present attempt establishes the influence of multiple factors, including double diffusion, and heat flux. Utilizing the Cattaneo–Christov heat mass flux model approximations, to shape the thermal and concentration balance equations, incorporating various generalized transport laws. Furthermore, the transportation mechanism incorporates Arrhenius activation energy and binary chemical reactions. The impact of bioconvection resulting from self-propelled microorganisms is incorporated into the fluidic model. A nonlinear set of partial differential equations (PDEs) are appropriately formulated, employing boundary layer approximations theory, to comprehensively describe the convective flow. The PDEs are converted to ordinary differential equations via similarity transformation, and then computationally computed via a well-structured RKF45 technique with a shooting algorithm. To validate the results, a comparison is made with published findings in limiting cases. It is observed that the velocity profiles exhibit an escalation in tandem with ascending values of the electric parameter and mixed convection. Conversely, the velocity diminishes with the augmentation of the magnetic factor, ferrohydrodynamic interaction parameter, porosity parameter, and Sutterby fluid parameter. Temperature profiles elevate in response to escalating values of the Eckert number, radiation parameter, and Brownian motion parameter while diminishing with the augmentation of the thermal relaxation constant, Prandtl number, and Sutterby fluid parameter. The concentration distribution exhibits an augmentation with the increasing magnitude of the thermophoresis parameter and activation energy while experiencing a reduction with the improvement in the behavior of Schmidt number and Brownian parameter. The ongoing investigation encompasses a wide spectrum of applications within the field of applied sciences, placing particular emphasis on thermal oil recovery, geothermal reservoirs, chemical engineering, and the cooling processes pertinent to nuclear reactors.

Computational analysis of MHD channel flow of Maxwell fluid with radiation and chemical reaction effects

Computational analysis of MHD channel flow of Maxwell fluid with radiation and chemical reaction effects

Influence of Slip Boundary Conditions on Jeffrey Fluid Flow in Tapered Conduit with Hall Current and Soret–Dufour Effects

AbstractThe present work examines the computational analysis and mathematical modeling of peristaltic blood flow in a tapered channel, taking into account slip boundary conditions, Hall current, and Soret–Dufour forces. By neglecting the wave number and employing a long‐wavelength approximation to analyze the fluid model, the investigation was conducted within the framework of a low Reynolds number regime. The study reveals that the values of the Soret number, Dufour number, Prandtl number, and Schmidt number exhibit an upward trend as the fluid temperature rises. In contrast, a rise in the thermal slip parameter causes the fluid temperature to fall. It has been shown that when the mass slip parameter increases, the fluid's concentration rises. The skin friction coefficient rises within the range of x = 0.55 to x = 1 as the velocity, concentration slip parameter, Soret number, and Dufour number increase. Conversely, the skin friction coefficient decreases as the thermal slip parameter increases. The selected characteristics exhibit realism since they find use in many fields such as medical biology, biomechanics, heat exchangers, gas turbines, and several other domains.