Compression Ring Research Articles

Spring loaded compression rings for non-lubricated reciprocating compressors: Anon., Chem. & Engng. News, 41 (28), 15 July 1963, 56–58

Spring loaded compression rings for non-lubricated reciprocating compressors: Anon., Chem. & Engng. News, 41 (28), 15 July 1963, 56–58

Compressor Design Holds Maintenance Down

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTCompressor Design Holds Maintenance DownSpring-loaded compression rings mean longer ring life for nonlubricated reciprocating compressorsCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1963, 41, 28, 56–58Publication Date (Print):July 15, 1963Publication History Published online12 November 2010Published inissue 15 July 1963https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v041n028.p056Copyright © 1963 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views5Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (790 KB) SUBJECTS:Compression,Industrial manufacturing Get e-Alerts

Chrome Face vs. Iron Side Wear—An Analysis of Some Radioactive Piston-Ring Wear Studies

This paper discusses piston ring wear data obtained from operating a single cylinder internal-combustion engine fitted with an irradiated standard chromium plated top compression ring. A brief description of the engine equipment, the constantly-monitored lubricating oil flow system, the dual-channel gamma spectrometer and an outline of test method are included. The author stresses the development of a technique which permits a separate simultaneous record of the wear occurring on the face and on the side of the radioactive piston ring. Results are presented from constant speed engine operation with a series of different lubricating oil additive formulations.

Piston Assemblies for Road Transport Oil Engines

After reviewing the more usual types of piston failures such as breakage, seizure, ring sticking, land breakage, land scuffing, and groove destruction, means are suggested for their avoidance. There follows a consideration of the limiting factors of piston life, as indicated by the oil consumption of the engine. Dangers of overscraping new engines are emphasized and a method of retaining a minimum consumption over a long life is suggested. Examination of the rates of wear of the various components of the piston assembly leads to the conclusion that the top compression ring is the weakest point. Service test results with different piston ring materials are given and improved materials are suggested. Chromium-plated piston rings give the best results and are recommended for use as the upper compression ring. Finally, suggestions are given for designing the successful oil engine piston with a strong recommendation for the use of 12 per cent silicon alloy material and an adequate path for heat flow from the piston crown to the ring zone. Gudgeon-pin design is an important feature and design formulae are given. In summarizing, a model piston ring layout is given in detail.

An Analysis of the Lubrication between the Piston Rings and Cylinder Wall of a Running Engine

A method has been developed for the study of the lubrication in the cylinder of an engine under actual running conditions by an analysis of the electrical conductance between a piston ring and the cylinder wall. One of the compression rings was electrically insulated from the piston and a current passed from this ring to the cylinder wall: the potential drop between the moving surfaces was calibrated in terms of the resistance. With good conditions of lubrication, the electrical resistance is high, while low resistance values indicate breakdown of the lubricant film and consequent abrasive wear of the surfaces. A study of this resistance variation was made by means of a cathode ray oscillograph with the time base synchronized with the stroke of the engine. Results indicate that, with the oils used, the surfaces of the piston ring and the cylinder wall are not separated by a continuous oil film throughout the entire cycle. Intermittent breakdown of the oil film occurs to a varying degree under all circumstances, even using oils much heavier than are common in automobile practice. Also, in general, the resistance is lower; that is, more metallic contact occurs in the regions of top and bottom dead centres than during the remainder of the cycle. The method confirms the improvement in lubrication expected with increase of engine speed, or with increase of viscosity. The effects of gas pressure behind the rings are shown to be small, at least with the low brake mean effective pressure in the particular engine studied. A marked deterioration in the quality of the lubrication accompanies any increase in the temperature of the oil film on the cylinder wall—greater deterioration than can be accounted for simply by the decrease of viscosity due to the temperature rise. Finally, the results demonstrate the applicability of this method of analysis to problems of cylinder lubrication and abrasive wear, its chief value being the rapidity with which results may be obtained as compared with conventional wear tests.

Test for diethyl phthalate : Samuel Levinson ( Ind. and Eng. Chem., 1925, 17, 929)

This article presents a critical review of the studies performed to investigate combustion-chamber crevices as sources of hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, and an evaluation of potential technologies for reducing these emissions. Of the combustion-chamber crevices, the piston upper crevice volume is the main contributor to engine-out HC emissions. Chamfering the piston crown or reducing the top-land height and/or the volume behind the top compression ring may result in significant reductions in HC emissions. Modest reductions may also be achieved by reducing the central-electrode crevice of the spark-plug. However, reducing the head gasket crevice of current production engines appears to have little effect on engine-out HC emissions. In general, the sensitivity of the HC emissions to the combustion-chamber crevices is influenced strongly by the in-cylinder flow field and combustion, which influence the concentration of burned gases in the crevice gases.

Cylinder condensation in steam engines. An experimental investigation

The tribological performance of piston rings in reciprocating internal combustion engines can only be fully understood when both lubrication and wear are considered in combination. To this end, a numerical model has been developed that predicts the dynamics, lubrication and wear of piston rings interactively for the first time. This paper reports the application of this new model to the piston ring pack of a diesel engine. With the overall aim of evaluating the correlation between theory and experiments, this analysis is divided into two discrete parts. First, the model is used to predict the lubrication performance of measured ring packs before and after periods of running, at constant speed and load, in a Caterpillar 1Y73 single-cylinder diesel engine: the objective being to establish the change in tribological behaviour with observed wear in the engine. Secondly, the model is used interactively to predict the lubrication and wear of the top compression ring from the same engine. This research advances the understanding of piston ring profile evolution with time and its dependence on complex interactions between lubrication and wear.