Comprehensive Theoretical Knowledge Research Articles

A review of Industry 5.0: from key facets to a conceptual implementation framework

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to review the different facets associated with Industry 5.0 (I5.0) and propose a conceptual framework to boost the applicability of this novel technological cum social aspects within industrial organizations for improved organizational sustainability.Design/methodology/approachThis research work adopted a bibliometric analysis that encapsulates a quantitative set of tools for bibliometric and bibliographic information. This study uses the database of Scopus to acquire data related to different facets of I5.0. The study implies a different spectrum of terms to reach the final corpus of 91 articles related to I5.0. Furthermore, a conceptual define, measure, analyze, improve and control (DMAIC)-based framework based on different literature findings is proposed and validated based on the input of experts from different parts of the world.FindingsThe results indicate that I5.0 is still in its infancy. The wider applicability of I5.0 demands comprehensive theoretical knowledge of different facets of this new paradigm and the development of a framework to adopt it on a larger scale. Organizations that are in the race to adopt I5.0 face major challenges related to the digitization of processes along with well-defined cyber-physical systems and the lack of a dedicated framework to execute I5.0. Furthermore, the result also suggests that manufacturing industries are more ready to adopt I5.0 practices as compared to service industries, which can be attributed to well-defined technological measures available in manufacturing settings.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the first studies that explore different know-how and challenges and provides a holistic view of I5.0 by providing a systematic adoption framework.

Digital twins' readiness and its impacts on supply chain transparency and sustainable performance

PurposeProduction systems occupy geographically dispersed organizations with limited visibility and transparency. Such limitations create operational inefficiencies across the Supply Chain (SC). Recently, researchers have started exploring applications of Digital Twins Technology (DTT) to improve SC operations. In this context, there is a need to provide comprehensive theoretical knowledge and frameworks to help stakeholders understand the adoption of DTT. This study aims to fulfill the research gap by empirically investigating DTT readiness to enable transparency in SC.Design/methodology/approachA comprehensive literature survey was conducted to develop a theoretical model related to Supply Chain Transparency (SCT) and DTT readiness. Then, a questionnaire was developed based on the proposed theoretical model, and data was collected from Indian manufacturers. The data was analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to confirm the proposed relationships.FindingsThe findings from the study confirmed a positive relationship between DTT implementation and SCT. This study reported that data readiness, perceived values and benefits of DTT, and organizational readiness and leadership support influence DTT readiness and further lead to SCT.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature and knowledge by uniquely mapping and validating various interactions between DTT readiness and sustainable SC performance.

Art in Translation: Parchment, Parchemin, Pergament: 18th-, 19th-, and 20th Century Authors on the History and Manufacture of Parchment (Issue 13.4, 2021)

ABSTRACT Art in Translation (AIT, www.artintranslation.org) is a quarterly e-journal that publishes scholarly art historical texts in English translation. Issue 13.4 (2021) features four texts about parchment and marks AIT’s inaugural foray into technical art history. The works, authored between the eighteenth and twentieth centuries, were penned by authors possessing either comprehensive theoretical knowledge or direct practical experience. The selection of texts was informed by conservation and biocodicology experts. The translations were completed by Gay McAuley, Caroline Danforth, and Andrew Griebeler with considerable feedback and assistance from a variety of experts. Collectively, these translations make fascinating and significant works about parchment’s history, manufacture, and use more accessible for generations to come.

Molecular Regulatory Mechanism and Toxicology of Neurodegenerative Processes in MPTP/Probenecid-Induced Progressive Parkinson\u2019s Disease Mice Model Revealed by Transcriptome

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a variety of unclear complex pathogenic factors. The 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine/probenecid (MPTP/p)-induced progressive PD mice is a well-recognized classic model for studying PD, but the molecular toxicology of this model is still unclear. Here, for the first time, we report gradual neurodegenerative processes in MPTP/p-induced progressive PD mice model using RNA-seq. Transcriptional responses are orchestrated to regulate the expression of many genes in substantia nigra, such as Ntf3, Pitx3, Th, and Drd2, leading to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons at last. We proposed that the established model could be divided into three phases based on their molecular toxicological features: “the stress response phase” which maintained the microenvironment homeostasis, “the pre-neurodegenerative phase” which demonstrated observed MPTP/p cytotoxicity and gradual degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, and “the neurodegenerative phase” which reflected distinct damage and dopaminergic neuron apoptotic process. Glia cells exhibited a certain protective effect on dopaminergic neurons in 3rd and 6th MPTP/p-induced cytotoxicity. But in 10th MPTP/p injection, glia cells play a promoting role in PD and tissue damages caused by oxidative stress. This study also indicated that the substantia nigra of PD mice showed unique patterns of changes at each stage. Moreover, neurotrophic signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis and necroptosis were enriched at 3rd and 6th MPTP/p injection, which might be associated with the PD progress. This study provided an extensive data set of molecular toxicology for elucidating of PD progression and offered comprehensive theoretical knowledge for the development of new therapy.

Integrative Design Classes for Environmental Sustainability of Interior Architectural Design

The paper considers the adjustments of the interior architectural design education model toward its compliance with the principles of sustainability, since the currently provided scheme does not effectively employ the sustainability multi-dimensional concept as a substantial determinant of interior architectural design. The conventional interior architectural design curriculum requires corrections, to provide students with systematized knowledge on sustainability issues, as well as appropriate abilities and skills to create buildings’ interior spaces with high environmental performance. The modifications are considered using the example of a curriculum realized within the Faculty of Interior Design affiliated with the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow. These improvements of the curriculum structure comprise the establishment of a compulsory course on environmentally sustainable interior architectural design, offering to the undergraduate students comprehensive theoretical knowledge on the multi-dimensional aspects of sustainability and the introduction of professional design tools, including simplified versions of multi-criterial environmental evaluation systems, as a supportive educational means, as well as learning tools comprising interdisciplinary environmental-responsibility-oriented design workshops or seminars led by green building consultants and professionals involved in practicing sustainable interior design. This paper discusses the innovative concept of integrative design classes (IDC), realized within the practical modules of courses on Building Construction and Environmentally Sustainable Architectural Design, both delivered to undergraduate interior design students. The paper analyses these integrative design classes as a supportive project-based learning technique to develop the students’ ability to accomplish sustainable design strategies for resource efficiency, waste management effectiveness, optimization of indoor environment quality parameters as well as pro-environmental education. The results of the conducted integrative design classes proved that they are a driver for developing technically and formally innovative designs, allowing the students to establish a link between theoretical knowledge on sustainability in interior design and its practical implementation.

How does habitat connectivity influence the colonization success of a hemimetabolous aquatic insect? - A modeling approach

Climate and land-use change constitute major threats to biodiversity. Beside pure habitat loss, changing environmental conditions are likely to result in decreasing landscape permeability and increasing landscape fragmentation. This compromises habitat connectivity and, thereby increases threats to meta-population persistence. Comprehensive theoretical knowledge and general understanding of key parameters affecting habitat connectivity are therefore mandatory to assess risks of environmental change. However, related studies are scarce for hemimetabolous freshwater insects, which depend on both aquatic and terrestrial sites to complete their life cycle. We developed a process-based, spatially explicit meta-population model for a hemimetabolous freshwater insect, parameterized based on the traits of a damselfly, and analyzed the influence of varying landscape permeability on patch colonization for differently structured coextensive habitat networks. The in total 675,000 networks were set up by varying (1) landscape scenarios, representing different levels of permeability, (2) stream networks and (3) derived habitat patch assemblages, using least-cost path analysis. We found that habitat connectivity in general strongly determined the proportion of colonized habitat patches (Spearman’s ρ = 0.64). Moreover, a multi-factorial ANOVA of the parameters used for habitat network set up showed that the number of habitat patches had the largest effects on the colonization success (18.6 % explained variance) followed by varying proportions of three landscape types incurring increasing dispersal costs (13.1 %) and the spatial arrangement of habitat patches (7.1 %). The introduced model generated theoretical knowledge how changing environmental conditions (e.g. landscape permeability) can influence the habitat connectivity of hemimetabolous freshwater species and, thus, has the potential to support conservation through habitat management within changing landscapes. Its design facilitates future adaptation to real hemimetabolous species and real-world habitats.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals regulatory networks and key genes of microsclerotia formation in the cotton vascular wilt pathogen

Verticillium dahliae is a soil-borne, hemibiotrophic phytopathogenic fungus that causes Verticillium wilt in a broad range of economic crops. The microsclerotia (MS), which act as the main host inoculum, can survive long-term in soil resulting in uncontrollable disease. In order to clarify the mechanism of MS formation, we sequenced the whole genome-wide expression profile of V. dahliae strain V991. Compared with M1 (no MS formation), during the process of MS formation and maturation, 1354, 1571, and 1521 unique tags were significantly regulated in M2, M3, and M4 library, respectively. During MS formation, melanin synthesis-related genes were preferentially upregulated. The process is more likely to regulated by transcription factors (TFs) including C2H2, Zn2Cys6, bZIP, and fungal-specific TF domain-containing proteins; additionally, G-protein coupled receptors, Ca2+, small GTPases, and cAMP were involved in signalling transduction. Protein kinase-encoding (VDAG_06474) and synthase-encoding (VDAG_05314) genes were demonstrated to negatively and positively influence MS production, respectively. The gene expression dynamics revealed during MS formation provide comprehensive theoretical knowledge to further understanding of the metabolism and regulation of MS development in V. dahliae, potentially providing targets to control Verticillium wilt through interfering MS formation.

Application of autonomic skills intensive training in simulation teaching among nursing students

Objective To explore the effects of autonomic skills intensive training in simulation teaching among nursing students. Methods From September 2014 to May 2017, we selected 159 nursing undergraduates of school of nursing in Capital Medical University as subjects by purposive sampling. A total of 73 students from the class of 2010 and 2011 were selected in control group received problem-based learning (PBL) combined with simulation teaching; 86 students from the class of 2012 and 2013 were set in experimental group attending autonomic skills intensive training in self-management simulation laboratory before simulation teaching. We compared the comprehensive theoretical knowledge achievements, objective structured clinical examination achievements and effects evaluation on simulation teaching central laboratory of nursing students between two groups. Results At the end of the course of adult nursing, the physical examination, scenarios simulation, fundamental nursing skills and professional nursing operation of nursing students in experimental group were higher than those in control group with statistical differences (P<0.05) . Pearson correlation analysis showed the time of autonomic skills intensive training had positive correlations with the scores of comprehensive theoretical knowledge, physical examination, scenarios simulation, fundamental nursing skills and professional nursing operation (P<0.01) . There were 74 nursing students with the thought that opening simulation teaching central laboratory could improve their self-confidence. Conclusions The comprehensive achievements and self-confidence of nursing students can be improved by autonomic skills training and actively participating in lab management. Key words: Students, nursing; Teaching; Autonomic learning; Open laboratory; Skill training; Simulation

A Review of Design Science Research in Information Systems: Concept, Process, Outcome, and Evaluation

Design science research is a research paradigm focusing on problem-solving. It is increasingly accepted and adopted by Information Systems (IS) researchers as a legitimate research paradigm because of its capability in balancing research relevance and rigor. In the last fifteen years, many design science research has been published in top IS journals and has received a lot of attentions from IS researchers. However, current confusion and misunderstandings of DSR’s central ideas (e.g., definition, philosophical foundation, research outcomes, etc.) are obstructing it from having a more striking influence on the IS field. The purpose of this paper is to present a comprehensive and critical review of existing DSR literature. In total, 119 papers, published in top IS journals and conference proceedings, were included in the review. The results of this study portray a big picture of current DSR in IS field and build a comprehensive theoretical knowledge base in terms of DSR-related issues. This study also identifies many research issues which can be examined by future DSR.

Assessment of Entrepreneurial Traits among Undergraduate Students of Clothing, Textile and Interior Decoration

The philosophy of Clothing, Textile and Interior Decoration in the department of Home Science and Management is to produce graduates that are adequately equipped with comprehensive theoretical knowledge and practical skills required to succeed in any enterprise within their career. Yearly, thousands of graduates are turned out with no jobs and the few that are self-employed experience multi-facet challenges that inhibits business success and discourage motivation to establish a business. This study assessed the Entrepreneurial Personality Trait of final year students of Clothing, Textile and Interior Decoration prior to business start-up and their future plan after graduation. All the final year students were used for the study. Questionnaire was used to gather the data which was designed using Granger and Sterling Personal Assessment Scale. The result shows that about one-third of the students (32.14%) have plan to be self- employed after graduation, 14.29% want to travel abroad, 28.57% want to further their academic career while 25% want to secure job in either private or public sector. The average Personality Score of the Students is 74.06 (Mid-to-Lower Range) indicating that the students need to spend more time to develop their entrepreneurial skills so as to succeed in a socio-economic challenging environment.

Application of nursing core competency standard education in the training of nursing undergraduates

PurposeTo evaluate the effectiveness of nursing core competency standard education in undergraduate nursing training. MethodsForty-two nursing undergraduates from the class of 2007 were recruited as the control group receiving conventional teaching methods, while 31 students from the class of 2008 were recruited as the experimental group receiving nursing core competency standard education. Teaching outcomes were evaluated using comprehensive theoretical knowledge examination and objective structured clinical examination. ResultsThe performance in the health information collection, physical assessment, scenario simulation and communication in the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05). ConclusionsNursing core competency standard education is helpful for the training of nursing students' core competencies.