Comprehensive Sampling Technique Research Articles

Unveiling soil animal community dynamics beneath dominant shrub species in natural desert environment: Implications for ecosystem management and conservation

The Taklimakan Desert, known for extreme aridity and unique ecological challenges, maintains a delicate life balance beneath its harsh surface. This study investigates intricate dynamics of soil animal communities within this desert ecosystem, with a particular focus on vertical profile variations beneath four dominant shrub species (AS-Alhagi sparsifolia, KC-Karelinia caspia, TR- Tamarix ramosissima, CC- Calligonum caput-medusae). Utilizing comprehensive soil sampling and metagenomics techniques, we reveal the diversity and distribution patterns of soil animal communities from the soil surface down to deeper layers (0–100 cm). Our research outcomes have unveiled that Nematoda and Arthropoda emerge as the most predominant classes of soil animals across all studied shrubs. Specifically, Nematoda exhibited notably high abundance in the KC area, while Arthropoda thrived predominantly in the TR region. We also observed a linear decrease in Nematoda populations as soil depth increased, consistent among all shrub species. Moreover, the highest Shannon diversity within soil animal communities was recorded in the KC area, underscoring a trend of declining alpha diversity in the AS region and an increase in other shrub areas as soil depth increased. Notably, the zones dominated by CC and TR displayed the highest levels of beta diversity. Our correlation analysis of soil animals and environmental factors has pinpointed soil water content, available phosphorus, and available potassium as the most influential drivers of variations in the top-classified soil animal communities. This study provides insights into soil animals in deserts, supporting future research to preserve these fragile deserts and enhance our understanding of life below the surface in challenging ecosystems.

The Influence of Fiscal Balance Funds and Regional Own-Source Revenues on Regional Expenditures

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between regional original income and general allocation funds as well as the spending patterns of regency and municipal administrations in West Sumatra Province from 2018 to 2022. Twenty regencies/cities and West Sumatra Province were selected for the sample using a comprehensive sampling technique within the allotted period. A t-test result of 7.788 and a significance level of 0.000 demonstrate that the General Allocation Fund does, in fact, have an effect on Regional Expenditures. There is a discrepancy between the calculated t-value (7.788) and the t-table value (1.987), which means that the significance value (0.000) is less than 0.05. There is no statistically significant relationship between regional original income and regional expenditures, as shown by the calculated t-test result of 1.389 and a significance value of 0.168. The comparison reveals that the calculated t-value (1.389) is lower than the t-table value (1.987), and that the significance value (0.168) is more than 0.05. However, Regional Expenditures are affected by both the General Allocation Fund and Regional Original Income, as shown by the F-test result of 51.233. This number is much lower than the 0.05 cutoff and higher than the 3.10 F-table value at the 0.000 level of significance.

Occurrence of Salmonellae in Chickens from some Selected Poultry Farms in Kano, Nigeria

Study’s Excerpt/Novelty This study provides a novel investigation into the prevalence of Salmonella species in poultry from selected farms in Kano, Nigeria, using comprehensive random sampling techniques across multiple local government areas. The findings reveal a notably low prevalence of asymptomatic Salmonella infections (1.54%) among chickens, potentially attributable to effective hygiene practices, biosecurity measures, and biological control of vectors. This research contributes valuable baseline data for the epidemiological understanding and management of Salmonella in poultry farms within the region. Full Abstract Infections with bacteria of the genus Salmonella are responsible for a variety of acute and chronic diseases in poultry. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Salmonella species in chickens from some selected poultry farms in Kano, Nigeria. Random sampling method was used in the study. One (1) farm was chosen from each of the eight (8) selected Local Government areas of the State. Thirteen (13) samples each from cloacae, egg, dust, drag and boots which is (65) from each farm) were collected from apparently healthy chickens (layers), transported immediately to the laboratory for analyses. The colonies were subsequently subjected to Gram-staining and microscopy. Eight Salmonella isolates were determined, three (3) were isolated from boot swabs, two (2) from cloacal swabs and one (1) each from egg, dust and drag swabs. All the isolates were confirmed by serological test; using Salmonella “O” antigen; group A-S (Oxoid). Asymptomatic Salmonella infection among chickens in the sampled farms is low with (1.54%). The low occurrence could be attributed to proper hygienic practices, biosecurity measure as well as application of biological control of rodents and other vehicles of Salmonella.

A Framework Model of Mining Potential Public Opinion Events Pertaining to Suspected Research Integrity Issues with the Text Convolutional Neural Network model and a Mixed Event Extractor

With the development of the Internet, the oversight of research integrity issues has extended beyond the scientific community to encompass the whole of society. If these issues are not addressed promptly, they can significantly impact the research credibility of both institutions and scholars. This article proposes a text convolutional neural network based on SMOTE to identify short texts of potential public opinion events related to suspected scientific integrity issues from common short texts. The SMOTE comprehensive sampling technique is employed to handle imbalanced datasets. To mitigate the impact of short text length on text representation quality, the Doc2vec embedding model is utilized to represent short text, yielding a one-dimensional dense vector. Additionally, the dimensions of the input layer and convolution kernel of TextCNN are adjusted. Subsequently, a short text event extraction model based on TF-IDF and TextRank is proposed to extract crucial information, for instance, names and research-related institutions, from events and facilitate the identification of potential public opinion events related to suspected scientific integrity issues. Results of experiments have demonstrated that utilizing SMOTE to balance the dataset is able to improve the classification results of TextCNN classifiers. Compared to traditional classifiers, TextCNN exhibits greater robustness in addressing the problems of imbalanced datasets. However, challenges such as low information content, non-standard writing, and polysemy in short texts may impact the accuracy of event extraction. The framework can be further optimized to address these issues in the future.

Effect of computer simulation and animation-integrated instruction on pre-service science teacher trainees conceptual understanding and retention of Acid-Base Chemistry and Stoichiometry

The study aimed to investigate the effect of computer simulation and animation-integrated instruction on pre-service science teacher trainees' conceptual understanding and retention of acid-base chemistry and stoichiometry. A quantitative approach with a pretest–posttest-delayed test quasi-experimental design was used. In the study area, there were only two sections of first-year trainees in the natural science department. So a comprehensive sampling technique of the two intact sections was employed. The two intact classes were randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG) and a comparison group (CG). Data was collected using Acid-Base Chemistry and Stoichiometry Conceptual Understanding of a two-tier multiple-choice Test (ABSCUT). Parametric statistics (independent sample t-test and ANCOVA) were used for the data analysis. The independent sample t-test was used for the pre-test analysis to examine the prerequisite experiences of trainees in the two groups and male and female trainees in the IG before the intervention. The result showed no significant difference between the mean score of the CG and IG. The result also showed no significant difference in the mean score of male and female trainees in the IG. The ANCOVA was used for post-test and delayed test analysis after the intervention. The result indicated that there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups on conceptual understanding, F (1, 49) =5.07, p=.029, partial eta squared=0.094, in favor of IG. This tends to imply the concepts of the trainees who received the intervention outperformed the comparison group. The ANCOVA result also indicated that gender difference has no statistically significant difference in the IG, F(1,24)=3.68, p=.067. The delayed-test analysis showed that the IG has higher retention than the CG. Based on the results, this study recommended that policymakers, chemistry curriculum experts, chemistry curricular material developers, and practitioners alike consider the application of computer simulation-integrated chemistry instruction to enhance learners’ conceptual understanding and retention.

Female students’ learning momentum in the aftermath of the war: the case of upper primary schools of Habru Woreda, Ethiopia

ABSTRACT The purpose of the study was to examine how upper primary school female students motivated to learn in the aftermath of the Tigrian War. To do so, a case study design was used; 40 upper primary school female students, 40 teachers, 5 school principals, and a Woreda education office head were used as data sources by using snowball, purposive, and comprehensive sampling techniques respectively. Focused group discussions (FGD), interviews, and observation were employed as the study’s data collection methods. The collected data was then thematically analysed, and the results show that female students’ post-war learning involvement was ineffectual; the schools were not suitable for carrying out educational activities. To learn successfully, according to the findings, students require ongoing psychosocial training and financial assistance. As a result, damaged schools need to be rebuilt, students need a variety of psychosocial training, and both the federal and regional governments must ensure society and put a stop to the Tigrian junta’s ongoing fighting.

Effect of eight-week callisthenics exercise on selected physical fitness quality and skill performance in handball

This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight-week callisthenics exercises on selected physical fitness qualities and skill performance in U-17 female handball players. The study utilized a quantitative research approach with an experimental design to achieve its goals. For this study, 20 female handball players were selected. The researcher employed a comprehensive sampling technique and randomly divided them into two equal groups: the experimental group (n = 10) and the control group (n = 10). During 8 weeks, the experimental group did callisthenics workouts three times weekly, while the control group stuck to regular handball training. The study assessed passing accuracy, dribbling speed, agility, and muscular strength in both groups before and after. The data collected from the participants were analyzed using SPSS version 24 software, employing paired sample t-tests and independent-sample t-tests with a significance level set at 0.05. The analysis revealed that callisthenics exercises significantly improved passing accuracy, speed dribble, agility, and muscular strength in the pre-post test of the experimental group (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were found in any control group variables (p > 0.05). Based on these findings, the eight-week callisthenics exercise program contributes to enhancing agility, muscular strength, passing accuracy, and speed dribbling in U-17 female handball project players.

Positive Impact Of Health Education Through Video Media to the Improvevement of Adolescent Reproductive Health Knowledge

Reproductive health knowledge is a critical aspect of adolescents' overall well-being, and its effective promotion plays a pivotal role in ensuring their long-term health and decision-making. In recent years, the utilization of video-based health education has gained popularity as a means of delivering information to this demographic. However, it was imperative to investigate the extent to which this innovative approach truly influences adolescents' knowledge. This study employed a quasi-experimental two-group pretest-posttest design and involved a total of 34 respondents who were selected through a comprehensive total sampling technique. The primary objective was to evaluate the impact of video-based health education on adolescents' knowledge of reproductive health. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Mann-Whitney Test and the Wilcoxon Test, revealing a statistically significant improvement in reproductive health knowledge among the participants, as indicated by a p-value of 0.000, which was less than the significance level of 0.05. These findings emphasized the effectiveness of video-based health education as a powerful tool in enhancing adolescents' comprehension of reproductive health matters. It underscores the importance of integrating video-based education into comprehensive health promotion strategies targeted at adolescents, as it has the potential to significantly contribute to their overall health awareness and decision-making capabilities.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF KNOWLEDGE LEVEL ABOUT CLEAN AND HEALTHY LIVING BEHAVIOR WITH THE INCIDENCE OF DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN AT LENTENG TIMUR 1 PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL DISTRICT LENTENG SUMENEP MADURA

Background: Diarrhea disease is included in the Extraordinary Events category in various parts of Indonesia that needs attention. Globally, data on the incidence of diarrhea in the world are still very high, namely 1.7 billion cases every year or the second cause of death that attacks children (WHO, 2017). The study revealed that approximately 8 out of every 10 sixth-grade students at Lenteng Timur 1 Public Elementary School had encountered instances of diarrhea. Objective: The aim of this research was to establish a correlation between the degree of understanding regarding knowledge about clean and halthy living behavior and the occurrence of diarrhea among children. Method: The chosen research methodology is analytical correlation employing a cross-sectional approach design. This research was carried out in Lenteng Timur 1 Public Elementary School, Lenteng District, Sumenep Regency, Madura on Wednesday 24 May 2023. This investigation selected a sample of 42 students, gathering data through a comprehensive sampling technique. The research instrument used in this study was Medi Arjoni's (2021) knowledge level questionnaire. The statistical analysis employed for this study was SPSS version 20 for Windows 11. Results: The results showed that the level of knowledge about clean and healthy living behavior was less than 18 students (42.9%), the incidence of diarrhea during the last 3 months was 25 students (59.5%). Analysis of the extent of understanding in relation to the occurrence of diarrhea p- value<α, namely 0.001<0.05. The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between the lack of knowledge about clean and healthy living behavior and the incidence of diarrhea in class VI children of Lenteng Timur 1 Public Elementary School. Conclusion: The suggestion from the researchers aims to enhance comprehension regarding clean and healthy living behavior to support the productivity of a healthy body and a clean environment in everyday life so that they are not easily exposed to disease and reduce the incidence of diarrhea in children.

Antecedents of organizational citizenship behavior among the academic staff in Begemidir college of teacher education

The purpose of this study was to examine the organizational citizenship behavior of the staff and its precursors at Begemidir College of teacher education. A correlational survey design that involved 96 instructors recruited through a comprehensive sampling technique was employed. Questionnaire was used to collect data that were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result indicated that instructors demonstrated above-average mean scores in all the dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior. It also revealed that organizational support and job satisfaction had a moderate relationship with altruism, civic virtue and sportsmanship while they had a modest relationship with courtesy and conscientiousness. On the other hand, there was a strong relationship between organizational commitment and altruism, civic virtue, courtesy, and sportsmanship. Overall, while OCB had a strong relationship with organizational commitment, it had a moderate relationship with organizational support and job satisfaction. Whereas organizational commitment has a positive and significant contribution to all organizational citizenship dimensions; job satisfaction did not influence all of them. Organizational support has a significant contribution to altruism, civic virtue, sportsmanship, and organizational citizenship behavior. Hence, it was suggested that the college should constantly work on the functions of organizational commitment and support to promote organizational citizenship behavior and ensure sustainable organizational development.

Language Assessment of the Literacy Level of Ethiopian EFL Instructors: A Focus on South West Ethiopian Public Universities

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate Language Assessment literacy (LAL) level of EFL instructors who are teaching communicative English language courses in three South West Ethiopian public higher educational institutions.
 Approach/Methodology/Design: The study employed a descriptive research design, which involves quantitative data gathering tool. Accordingly, a questionnaire was used to collect the appropriate data. The target population of the study was 42 Male and 9 female totally 51 instructors who were teaching Communicative English Language Skills courses in Jimma university, Wollega university and Mizan Tepi universities, and all of these instructors were chosen as samples of the study through comprehensive sampling technique
 Results: For measuring the instructors’ Language assessment literacy level, an Assessment Literacy Test (ALT) consisting of 59 items with eight components was given for all 51 instructors. There score in assessment literacy test rests between minimum of 26 and maximum of 44.
 Conclusions: Though their performance is average and low in some of the components of assessment literacy their overall performance is above average.

Effects of Eight Week Plyometric Training on Shooting and Long Passing Accuracy of under- 17 Tesfa Male Soccer Project at Bahir Dar

The purpose of the present study was to determine the Effects of Eight Weeks of Plyometric Training on Shooting and Long Passing Accuracy of the under -17 Male Tesfa Soccer Project at Bahir Dar. The study engaged a quantitative research approach and a true experimental research design. The target population of this study was 24 (n = 24) male soccer project trainees in Bahir Dar. Due to the small numbers of study population, all trainees were taken using comprehensive sampling techniques. 24 male soccer trainees were divided in to two equal groups, such as EG (N = 12) and CG (N =12) by means of randomization. Both groups undergo programs. The experiment group (EG) performed additional plyometric training for eight weeks, 3-days per week for a total of 60 minutes. The experimental and control group of the study participated in the selected technical skill before and after the training. Shooting accuracy was measured by using the front set ball shot test, and long pass accuracy using accurately kicking the ball to the team meat test. This data was analyzed through SPSS version 23 software by paired sample t-test and independent sample t- test of with a significant level of 0.05. The analyzed data showed that plyometric training significantly improved shooting accuracy long and passing accuracy in the pre-test and post-test performance of EG (p<0.05).But, no significant improvements were found in all selected technical skill variables to the pre-post-test performance of CG (P>0.05). In addition, as it was assessed by the independent t-test, the post-test performance of shooting accuracy and long passing accuracy of EG more significantly improved than post-test CG group tests( p<0.05). Based on this finding, it can be concluded that 8 weeks plyometric training had positive effect on shooting accuracy and long passing accuracy of soccer players. Therefore, it is recommended that soccer players and coaches should include some plyometric exercise in their training sessions for development of the technical skills of players.

EFL Teachers’ Practice of using Action Research as a Self-Improvement Tool in Teaching English at Gambella Teacher Education and Health Science College

The purpose of this study was to investigate EFL teachers’ practice of using action research as Self-improvement tool in teaching English at Gambella Teacher Education College. The study was conducted using sample of 15 EFL teachers and 55 EFL students selected through comprehensive sampling technique. To collect the required data for the study questionnaire, interview and classroom observation were used as an instrument. The research design employed in the study was descriptive survey research design. As a result, the data gathered using the instruments were analyzed through both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The findings of the study indicated that although teachers have good awareness on action research there were problems in actual practice in the EFL classroom so as to improve classroom teaching. In addition, it was found that lack of training, budget and lack of collaboration of the college with various stakeholders were among the major factors identified. Based on the findings it was recommended that teachers should keep on developing their awareness on action research using different sources. Next, it was recommended that teachers should give attention for the actual practice of action research in EFL classes. Furthermore, it is suggested that the college should work in collaboration with various stake holders in the region to enhance the practice of action research projects in the college.

Practices and Challenges of Integrated Functional Adult Education Program Implementation: The Case of Digeluna Tijo District, Oromia

The study’s objective is to investigate the practices and challenges of implementing an integrated functional adult education program. The study used a mixed-method approach with a convergent design. Data were gathered from IFAE learners, facilitators, district education experts, supervisors, and the program’s technical committees. Simple random sampling techniques were used, while comprehensive sampling techniques were used for facilitators. District education experts, supervisors, and technical committees were interviewed using semistructured interviews, while IFAE learners and facilitators were interviewed using questionnaires. The data was analyzed using descriptive statics like frequency, percentage, and mean, as well as a description of the interviewee’s opinion. As a result, the findings revealed that the IFAE program’s contents are more focused on agricultural education and are also relevant to their daily lives. In addition, appropriate materials and teaching methods were used. The major challenges of the district’s IFAE program were a lack of a conducive learning environment; participation and integration of different stakeholders; integration between sectors, overlapping of timetable with learners’ own work, insufficient budget allocation, and a lack of facilitators training. To that end, it was suggested that strong cooperation and participation among government and nongovernment organizations, as well as strong integration between sectors, be encouraged. Furthermore, if regional, zonal, and district education offices need to find ways to increase their budget or raise funds to increase facilitator salaries and equip them, different learning materials were recommended.

A Low Complexity Sensing Algorithm for Non-Sparse Wideband Spectrum.

The vast majority of existing sub-Nyquist sampling wideband spectrum sensing (WSS) methods default to a sparse spectrum. However, research data suggests that in the near future, the wideband spectrum will no longer be sparse. This article proposes a sub-Nyquist sampling WSS algorithm that can adapt well to non-sparse spectrum scenarios. The algorithm continues to implement the idea of our previously proposed “no reconstruction (NoR) of spectrum” algorithm, thus having low computational complexity. The new one is actually an advanced version of the NoR algorithm, so it is called AdNoR. The key to its advancement lies in the establishment of a folded time-frequency (TF) spectrum model with the same special structure as in the fold spectrum model of the NoR algorithm. For this purpose, we have designed a comprehensive sampling technique which consists of multicoset sampling, digital fractional delay, and TF transform. It is verified by simulation that the AdNoR algorithm maintains a good sensing performance with low computational complexity in the non-sparse scenario.

EFL TEACHERS' AWARENESS, PRACTICE AND CHALLENGES OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE INTEGRATED SKILLS TEACHING: FOUR SELECTED ALETA WONDO CLUSTER SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN FOCUS

The main objective of this research was to investigate EFL teachers’ awareness, practice and challenges of English language integrated skills teaching in Aleta Wondo Cluster four selected secondary schools, Sidama Regional State. The researcher employed descriptive survey design involving both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The participants of the study were secondary schools EFL teachers. Multi-stage sampling technique that moves from a broad to a narrow sample using a step by step process was employed to select the four secondary schools and their all teachers who have been teaching English. Cluster sampling technique used to cluster the secondary schools in to three geographical districts. Simple random sampling technique used to choose Hula District of these districts. Comprehensive sampling technique used to select 42 EFL teachers. The researcher gathered the data through questionnaire, interviews and classroom observations. The researcher utilized descriptive statics SPSS V20, frequency, percentage, mean, grand mean and standard deviation for the quantitative data. The qualitative data analyzed qualitatively. The result of analysis revealed that the sample schools English teachers had moderate awareness about English language integrated skills teaching. In addition, the result showed that teachers rarely taught two language skills: reading and writing, listening and speaking, and listening and writing in integration lessons; but they hardly taught any three or four language skills in integration. Moreover, the result of the study showed that there were challenges related to students, to teachers, to schools, and to the national exam. The researcher recommended that awareness creation training should be given to teachers.

Investigating the Implementation of Process Approach to the Teaching and Learning of Writing Skills: The Case of Ethiopian University

<p>The purpose of this study is to investigate the implementation of process approach to the teaching and learning of writing skills at one of Ethiopian University. The research employed descriptive research design with mixed approach to data gathering and analysis. While qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis the quantitative data were analyzed using a descriptive SPSS analysis. The subjects of the study were both 1<sup>st</sup> year 5 male and 15 female and 2<sup>nd</sup> year 5 male and 8 female totally 33 undergraduate English as a foreign language students and their 2 writing skills instructors. This was because 1<sup>st</sup> year undergraduate English as foreign language students take the writing course i.e. Basic Writing Skills and 2nd year undergraduate English as foreign language students take the writing course i.e. Advanced Writing Skills and they were selected by using comprehensive sampling technique. The researchers used classroom observation, questionnaires and semi-structured interview as instruments to collect relevant data. The results of the analysis showed that, instructors did not always focus on the process approach while they deliver the writing lessons and activities; instead they mainly use the product approach in conducting the lessons. There were also factors like, lack of additional material sources, the correction limitation of students’ written works and students’ inability to express themselves’ in the target language that hindered the implementation of the process approach of teaching writing skills.</p>

Analyzing the current English language teaching materials in line with the academic and professional needs and interests of diploma theology students

The study analyzed the current English language teaching/learning materials in line with the academic and professional needs and interests of diploma theology students. The study was a descriptive survey that made use of a mixed-method approach. Thus, the researcher employed convergent parallel mixed method design. The data were collected using a questionnaire, interview, and content analysis. The participants of the study were second and third-year diploma theology students, former theology students, and English as a Foriegn Language instructors. All the students(112) were chosen using comprehensive sampling technique, and five former theology students who were working as priests and evangelists were chosen using the snowball technique to fill out the questionnaire. EFL teachers were also chosen for the interview. Additionally, the skills of three units of the current English language teaching materials were evaluated using the checklist. The reliability of the questionnaire were checked using Cronbach Alpha, and the quantitative data were analyised using SPSS version 22. The study revealed that both students and EFL teachers perceived the teaching materials as they less assist the students in their academic and professional contexts. Finally, the researcher recommended that preparing teaching materials that fit the needs and interests of the students.

The Role of Political Decentralization on the Development of Democracy in Dawro Zone

Political decentralization is to give the right to the citizens to elect their leader or have power in making decisions in commonly and also more influences in formulation and implementation of policies. The purpose of this study is to identify the role of political decentralization for the development of democracy and explains major challenges and level of political decentralization in Dawro Zone. To achieve the objective of the study, the research used qualitative and quantitative approaches and it employed descriptive survey design. The researcher used purposive sampling technique to select the resident. The target population of this study was Dawro Zone resident and among the resident 110 respondents was selected. On the other hand, 33 individuals from the zonal government office obtained to face to face interview through comprehensive sampling technique. To collect the data the researcher used primary and secondary data sources. To analyses the data, the study used descriptive research approaches. The study found that the contribution of decentralization system to increase popular participation, increase responsiveness, enhance service delivery and increase transparency and accountability. Based on the data gathered from the respondent the level of political decentralization in Dawro zone is low due to lack of good leadership capacity, low level of popular participation, lack of transparency and accountability and low level of completion. So minimize or reduce the problem, it recommended for government to motivate people and create awareness about the relevancies of decentralization to promote democracy. Second, government, people and officials should ensure availability, accessibility and sustained advocacy for implementation of decentralization system. Finally, the researcher suggested creating strong linkage among Dawro zone sector administration on the basis of their personal skill and work experience in order to enhance its effectiveness and promote democracy. Keywords : Dawro, Political decentralization, Development, Democracy DOI: 10.7176/JAAS/79-02 Publication date: April 30 th 2022

Investigating the Relationship between School factors and Self-regulated Science Teaching in Secondary schools

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between school factors (STRA, &PLC) with teachers’ self-regulated science teaching in secondary schools. Self-report questionnaires for PLC and SR were adapted and for STRA it was developed by the researcher. To make the instruments’ valid and reliable, it was checked by experts and pilot study was conducted. Nine (14.3%) secondary schools out of a total of 63 secondary schools found in South Gondar Zone of the Amhara Region, Ethiopia were selected randomly. After selecting the schools, all science teachers, 322 (chemistry, biology and physics) in the selected schools were taken as participants using comprehensive sampling techniques.302/322=93.8% (of which 71(23.5%) were females, 231(76.5%) were males; 32.5% chemistry;34.4% physics and 33.1% biology teachers successfully responded to the three questionnaires. Pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis and structural equation modeling analysis methods were employed. The result showed that the model was adequately fit to the data; PLC only was found a significant positive correlation, predictor and effect with teachers’ self-regulated science teaching. Whereas STRA showed low correlation and non-significant predictor and has no significant effect on teacher’s self-regulation. Implications and recommendations are indicated