Comprehensive Utilization Of Resources Research Articles

Dynamics of Regional Recycling Economy Development Based on Material Flow Analysis: A Case Study in Shandong Province

In order to study the development of regional recycling economy, the material inputs and outputs of the eco-economic system in Shandong Province during the period from 1996 to 2009 were systematically analyzed by the material flow analysis(MFA). The results show that, (1)excluding water, material inputs and outputs rose persistently, but both were lower than the rate of GDP growth. (2)Water supply had a turning point in 2003, from 25.239 billion tons down to 21.934 billion tons, followed by the total annual water supply has been maintained at 220 million tons. At the same time the amount of wastewater emissions is increasing, especially domestic wastewater emissions had faster growth and that increased pressure on the regional water environment;(3) Steady increase in material input intensity, material output intensity presented a first increased and then decreased trend, that showed since Shandong Province proposed the strategic planning to develop circular economy, the development of regional circular economy have improved the material utilization efficiency and made a material reduction in output in the case of material input growth achieved. The rapid increase of material input and output efficiency further illustrated the efficiency of resource comprehensive utilization and waste output have been significantly improved.

Experimental Research on Low Grade Copper-Bearing Magnetite in one Area

Recovering valuable metal from tailings has always been one of national resource comprehensive utilization key research subjects. There are copper-bearing magnetite which contains 43.31% of iron and 0.21% of copper in some places. After grinding-low intensity magnetic separation-flotation process can get 68.87% of iron concentrate with recovery 64.39% and copper concentrate which contain copper 12.67% with recovery of 75.30%. The experiment results will provide an effective way to comprehensive utilize the resource in one area.

The Methodology and Framework Study of Environmental Protection Guide for Developing Circular Economy in Energy (Coal) Chemical Industry Base in China

The coal-dominated energy structure in China will not be changed for a long period of time due to the resource situation. The Chinese government officially released the first "Coal Industry Policy” on November 29, 2007, which made ​​it clear that 13 large coal bases would be constructed in China, and circular economy and resource comprehensive utilization would be priority developed. Therefore, environmental protection guide for developing circular economy in energy (coal) chemical industry base should be established to ensure the development of circular economy, protect the consumption of resource and energy, reduce emission of pollutants, and guide the development of energy (coal) chemical industry base. Based on the results of the present study, the article describes the methodology, framework, technical infrastructure and basic content of the “Environmental Protection Guide for Developing Circular Economy in Energy (coal) Chemical Industry Base”.

Design and Force Analysis of a Roller-Type Garbage Sorting Equipment

The rapid growth of municipal solid waste (MSW) brings huge social and environmental pressures to our country, the treatment method of making garbage reduction, hazard-free and reclamation is accord with environmental protection and continuable development, and the key question of achieving this goal is to sort the garbage reasonably. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of garbage, a new kind of roller-type urban living garbage sorting equipment was developed based on a special movement principle of cam mechanism proposed in this paper. This equipment can realize its function through a fixed cam axis, more than eighty sets of garbage separating needle assemblies reasonably distributed on the roller, in which needles (followers) can move in and out of the roller, and an active roller which rotates around the cam axis together with the needle assembles. As the core components of the equipment, cam mechanism and separating needle assembly was designed in detail, including the cam contour curve and force analysis, and the distribution of stress and strain of separating needles was obtained by using ANSYS software because it is the most easily damaged link in this equipment. The roller-type garbage sorting equipment can be used in the middle stage of garbage separation process to sort easily hooking garbage such as plastic, with higher separation speed and efficiency. It makes a good preparation for subsequent garbage separation work to improve the efficiency of comprehensive utilization of resources.

Study on Mechanism in the Use of Resources of Regional Economic Development

Resources competitiveness is the basis of regional economic competitiveness. With the development of world economic integration, the mobility of resources strengthens, aggravate the scarcity of resources. Regional economy would achieve sustainable development, it is necessary to use the resources which they have possessed fully, scientifically and reasonably. In this paper, we are in four areas including optimize the allocation of resources, recycling of resources, comprehensive utilization of resources, as well as value-added use of resources to conduct in-depth study of the mechanism in the use of resources of regional economic development.

Resource Utilization of Living Donor Versus Deceased Donor Liver Transplantation Is Similar at an Experienced Transplant Center

Although living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has been shown to decrease waiting-list mortality, little is known of its financial impact relative to deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT). We performed a retrospective cohort study of the comprehensive resource utilization, using financial charges as a surrogate measure-from the pretransplant through the posttransplant periods-of 489 adult liver transplants (LDLT n = 86; DDLT n = 403) between January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2006, at a single center with substantial experience in LDLT. Baseline characteristics differed between LDLT versus DDLT with regards to age at transplantation (p = 0.02), male gender (p < 0.01), percentage Caucasians (p < 0.01) and transplant model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score (p < 0.01). In univariate analysis, there was a trend toward decreased total transplant charges with LDLT (p = 0.06), despite increased surgical charges associated with LDLT (p < 0.01). After adjustment for the covariates that were associated with financial charges, there was no significant difference in total transplant charges (p = 0.82). MELD score at transplant was the strongest driver of resource utilization. We conclude that at an experienced transplant center, LDLT imposes a similar overall financial burden than DDLT, despite the increased complexity of living donor surgery and the addition of the costs of the living donor. We speculate that LDLT optimizes transplantation by transplanting healthier and younger recipients.

A Green Process to Prepare Chromic Oxide Green Pigment

A hydrogen reduction and activated sintering process was proposed to prepare chromic oxide green pigment. Through ICP, XRD, SEM, FT-IR, UV, and CIE-L*a*b* colorimetric analysis, key factors and mechanism that influenced preparation of chromic oxide green pigment were studied. The results revealed that lower hydrogen reduction temperature, suitable addition of Al and Ba, were beneficial to obtaining the high quality chromic oxide green pigment. Typically, when the hydrogen reduction temperature was kept at 450-500 degrees C, physicochemical properties and color performance of the prepared chromic oxide green pigment doped with about 0.1-0.2 wt % Al and 0.2-0.5 wt % Ba conformed to commercial pigment standards. Additionally, characteristics of the green process were discussed. About 90 wt % KOH was reused directly and about 90 wt % Cr(VI) was conversed to Cr(III) directly from potassium chromate to chromic oxide green pigment. Integrating the proprietary green metallurgical process from chromite ore to potassium chromate of this laboratory, more than 99 wt % Cr(VI) could be conversed to Cr(III) compounds and about 99 wt % KOH could be recycled to use. The whole green process, ranging from chromite ore to chromic oxide green pigment, eventually not only provided the possibility for producing the high quality chromic oxide green pigment, but could reach comprehensive utilization of resources, inner recycle of KOH, and zero emission of Cr(VI).

Patient-mix differences among ambulatory providers and their effects on utilization and payments for Maryland Medicaid users.

Characteristics of the usual source of care (e.g. specialty, organizational type) are known to be related to utilization and cost levels. This study assesses the degree to which variations in utilization and cost are attributable to differences in patient mix (i.e. demographic and diagnostic characteristics). Comparisons are made with Medicaid payments with and without patient-mix adjustment among users of hospital outpatient departments, emergency rooms, Federally Qualified Health Centers and office-based physicians. The study builds upon previous work by including a well-developed set of ambulatory case-mix controls, a variety of provider types, a large number of providers, and a relatively comprehensive resource utilization component. Findings confirm significant differences in patient demographic and diagnostic characteristics among users of different types of providers. Controlling for these patient-mix characteristics explains 44% of the variation in ambulatory use, 21% in hospital admissions, and 13% in total Medicaid payments. The considerable remaining variation suggests differences in provider efficiency. For example, even after patient mix adjustment, 18% of those who rely on outpatient departments are hospitalized annually compared to 10% for users of office-based physicians. Overall findings indicate that patient-mix characteristics, as well as differences in provider efficiency, should be considered when developing and evaluating managed care and preferred provider initiatives for ambulatory care.