Comprehensive Publication Research Articles

The Effects of "Bias Based Bullying" (BBB) on Health, Education, and Cognitive-Social-Emotional Outcomes in Children with Minority Backgrounds: Proposed Comprehensive Public Health Intervention Solutions.

“Bias Based Bullying” is defined as physical, verbal, social, or cyber-based threats directed toward a minority population based upon race, ethnicity, religious belief, gender, or sexual orientation and includes a “systematic abuse of power that is characterized by intentionality, frequency, and imbalance of power. Implicit and explicit Bias Based Bullying are associated with several negative health outcomes for adolescents and adults from minority backgrounds including: (1) depressive symptoms, (2) decreased quality of life, (3) anxiety, (4) low self-esteem, and (5) conduct disorders. Children who experience bullying report significantly more negative externalization and internalization of problems with some indication of links to poor academic functioning (Vaillancourt, et al, 2013). The extreme economic cost to the public for Bias Based Bullying (BBB) can be measured by considering the long term health and education effects of BBB, which reached over $2 trillion dollars in 2015, according to one large scale estimate from cumulative academic studies across the nation. Overall, an early intervention, public health, Bias Based Bullying program with comprehensive investment from all levels of stakeholders in public and private platforms should be explored further through research intensive programs that identify the specific needs of vulnerable subgroup populations, with intention to positively affect child health, cognitive-social-emotional wellbeing, and academic performance for children subjected to BBB and to reduce the overall culture and tolerance of those who perpetrate BBB.

Nastoletnie matki w placówkach resocjalizacyjnych

GUS (Polish Central Statistical Office) statistics indicate that around 3.5% of children born in 2014, that is some 13,000 children, were born to teenage mothers. Out of this number, around 50-60 children were born to 13-14-year-olds, which means that the pregnancy had resulted from a criminal offense. These figures are also due to the decreasing age of sexual initiation among youth, a low quality or absence of sexual education in schools, as well as limited access to information and family planning. The current legal framework and circumstances also impact the condition of young women who get pregnant while in the care of rehabilitation centres. It is difficult to find comprehensive publications devoted to teenage mothers – girls who were placed in a youth care or a juvenile centre due to having committed a criminal offense or because of profound demoralisation – that would discuss both the legal issues and practical solutions applied in different centres. The problem is an important one, however, because it highlights systemic shortcomings when it comes to supporting mothers and babies in such institutions as well as the vast room that is left for violations of children’s basic rights, such as the right to be brought up by one’s biological parents and to maintain an unbroken emotional bond with them. The article examines the legal status of teenage mothers and the practical solutions applied at different rehabilitation centres. The aim is to present all the possibilities of helping teenage mothers in the care of youth care centres or juvenile centres, who are going through crisis and require external support, for example in the form of basic legal provisions and solutions regarding the placement and stay of juveniles in rehabilitation centres, the types of rehabilitation measures available or subsequent public help for young women leaving such centres. The Author discusses Polish legal provisions designed to protect motherhood as well as a range of important issues related to juvenile pregnancy, such as school duty or access to medical services. Also discussed are the state’s most recently adopted measures to support motherhood, showing a need to provide additional aid for this group of beneficiaries, with particular emphasis on access to benefits for juvenile mothers living in rehabilitation centres. The article also presents practical solutions introduced by the staff at different centres, aiming to fill the gaps in the law when it comes to acknowledging the bond between a biological, though juvenile, mother and her child, which often isn’t appreciated enough. The featured examples are drawn from information collected by Po DRUGIE Foundation which helps former residents of rehabilitation centres, as well as from ethnographic research carried out for a current project to set up a care institution for juvenile pregnant women and juvenile women with children, allowing them to continue their rehabilitation beyond a centre. The article highlights numerous state measures to provide multi-faceted support for motherhood and parenthood in Poland, while at the same time pointing to the systemic discrimination of girls from juvenile centres, who are thoughtlessly deprived of the chance to take responsibility for their children or, if given such a chance, lose the support of the institutions obligated to resocialise them. The Po DRUGIE Foundation project aims to fill these gaps, both in the law, by developing provisions to provide care both for juvenile mothers and their children, and on the ground, by setting up an institution dedicated to this group of recipients.

New Exposure: The Arab Image Foundation and the Curatorial

It is now about twenty years ago that Lebanese photographers Fouad Elkoury and Samer Mohdad, together with Lebanese artist Akram Zaatari, decided to create an organization with the aim to preserve and study photographs from the Middle East, North Africa, and the Arab diaspora. In 1997 the Arab Image Foundation (AIF) began to operate officially as a nonprofit organization in Beirut. Conceived as an initiative to gather knowledge and promote awareness about the region’s photographic heritage through locating, collecting, and conserving photographs, the AIF now holds a collection of more than 600,000 photographs from Lebanon, Iraq, Iran, Palestine, Syria, Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, and Algeria, as well as Mexico, Senegal, and Argentina, dating from the mid-nineteenth century.[1] Curatorial work defines the mission of the AIF not only in the sense that it is safekeeping and managing a collection, but also in that it has always sought to make the collection visible to the public. One major tool has been an online image database, which makes approximately 20,000 photographs accessible. Another central medium of display is the exhibition format. Since its inception, the AIF has produced fifteen exhibitions that have traveled worldwide, often accompanied by comprehensive publications.

A Descriptive Study on Causes and Management of Vomiting Among Children Admitted to Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit of Assiut University Children Hospital

Introduction: Vomiting is a complex behavior. It is usually composed of three linked activities: nausea, retching and expulsion of stomach contents. In a recent comprehensive publication, nausea is defined as unpleasant sensation of the imminent need to vomit, usually referred to the throat or epigastrium; a sensation that may or may not ultimately lead to the act of vomiting. Vomiting, in contrast, is a physical event that results in rapid forceful evacuation of gastric contents in retrograde manner from stomach up to and out of mouth. Patients and methods: One year descriptive cross sectional study included 1301 infants and children admitted to gastro-enterology and hepatology unit of Assiut University Children Hospital during the period from August 2015 to July 2016 presenting with vomiting. Their age varied from 1 month to 17 years, they were 786 male and 515 female. Results: Regarding to the age and with exclusion of gastroenteritis it was found that most common GI cause of vomiting in infancy is Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) (12%) while most common non-GI causes of vomiting in infancy is respiratory infections (14.7%). In toddler and children, it was found that most common GI cause of vomiting is intussusception (2.2%) while most common non-GI causes of vomiting is meningitis (6.7%). In Adolescences it was found that most common GI cause of vomiting is H. pylori infection (10.4%). Conclusion: From this study we concluded that the commonest cause of vomiting in infancy was GERD while in children was Intussusception and in adolescence was H. pylori infection, the most common surgical cause of vomiting was CHPS, abdominal U/S and gastrograffin were useful tools for diagnosis of CHPS, vomiting with convulsions was most probably due to CNS infection, outcome of both medical and surgical cause was very satisfactory, percentage of infectious gastroenteritis was 96.4%, however bacterial infection was limited to 8.8% of the cases.

VP174 Atlases Of Quality: Assessing Integrated Care In Chronic Diseases

INTRODUCTION:The Comprehensive Public Healthcare System of Catalonia (SISCAT) Atlases of Quality aim to evaluate the quality of care in relation to specific diseases or procedures in the Catalan territory with a focus on outcomes of care in order to promote best practices. The first Atlas of Quality aimed to assess the quality of integrated care for chronic patients.METHODS:Methodology was articulated in four stages:(i) Establishment of a conceptual framework of reference specific for each intervention/technology being assessed, (ii) Definition and consensus of the assessment indicators, and (iii) Implementation of indicators using the Basic Health Areas (ABS) of Catalonia as a unit of analysis, comparing ABS with vs without the intervention (such as integrated care for chronicity). Indicators were obtained from the SISCAT databases and implemented through risk adjustment models. For performance assessment, we calculated the observed and expected indicator rates for each ABS, and for the benchmarking analysis, these ratios were represented in funnel plots (Confidence Interval, CI 95 percent and 99.8 percent for exclusion zones). (iv) Evaluation of the intervention and identification of specific success factors.RESULTS:For the assessment of integrated care interventions for chronicity, the defined framework in stage 1 was base on the Kaiser Pyramid (population distribution), and the Porter and the Donabedian's approaches (structure, processes, outcomes) (1). In stage 2 more than 500 experts, using several qualitative techniques, considered 18 indicators as relevants and feasibles for the assessment (2). Ten of them were implemented in stage 3 for congestive heart failure and pulmonary obstructive chronic disease. Significant values were found both in ABS with and without chronicity care programms (phase 3).CONCLUSIONS:The subsequent analysis (phase 4) will allow identification of practices of each ABS that best explain these results. Some limitations must be considered such as the availability of the consensued indicators in the SISCAT databases.

Public Health Campaigns and Medicine Use Awareness: A Systematic Literature Review

This study investigates the medicine awareness, which can be defined as the increase in knowledge and understanding of the general public on appropriate medicine use. Objective: To identify the characteristics of Public Health campaigns that focus on medicine use and/or medicine awareness. Study Design: Systematic review focusing on pre- and post-campaign surveys. Methods: Electronic databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Global Health, and Google Scholar were searched. Articles within the last 10 years, with a focus on adults over the age of 18 were used to report findings. Results: A total of 4336 studies were reviewed after which eight were identified, which focused on medicines use and/or awareness. Most campaigns emphasized the knowledge and understanding of patients on the importance of appropriate medicine use and drew a comparison from pre- to post-campaign results. A limited number of Public Health campaigns demonstrated an increase in the level of medicines use awareness of patients. Various tools were used to portray the message across in the campaigns. These included, video, written information, face to face approaches, as well as educational games. Four studies demonstrated a statistically significant increase, in awareness of the public in regards to medication. However, the remaining studies were not successful in portraying a significant impact. Conclusion: Most campaigns demonstrated a limited increase in level of medicine use awareness in their post-campaign surveys. The results support the need for a comprehensive Public Health campaign that focuses on medicine use.

TALKING POINT Whose Inheritance?

The visual culture forming part of India’s ‘inheritances’ is staggering in scale, diversity and range. However, we need further comprehensive documentation, publications, and innovative steps like museums devoted to ‘heritage’ and popular visual cultures etc., and a national archive of heritage monuments, accessible to all. Further, while sites and art belonging to ancient and medieval times get attention other periods, like treasures of the nineteenth century, are often overlooked. In part, the social mind-set and attitude towards art reinforced by an imbalanced system of education, is to blame. Art is equated with hobby or entertainment, and rarely with vocation or profession. There is also a clear division between verbal and visual cultures. Most educated people are brought up on verbal cultures; a few respond to performing arts and only a fraction are visually literate. A people’s movement for a cultural resurgence free of chauvinistic objectives is required. Such a movement could counter the consumerism and brutalization that seems to have swept the minds of a growing generation. It could be a national agenda.

Experimental spinal cord trauma: a review of mechanically induced spinal cord injury in rat models.

It has been shown that animal spinal cord compression (using methods such as clips, balloons, spinal cord strapping, or calibrated forceps) mimics the persistent spinal canal occlusion that is common in human spinal cord injury (SCI). These methods can be used to investigate the effects of compression or to know the optimal timing of decompression (as duration of compression can affect the outcome of pathology) in acute SCI. Compression models involve prolonged cord compression and are distinct from contusion models, which apply only transient force to inflict an acute injury to the spinal cord. While the use of forceps to compress the spinal cord is a common choice due to it being inexpensive, it has not been critically assessed against the other methods to determine whether it is the best method to use. To date, there is no available review specifically focused on the current compression methods of inducing SCI in rats; thus, we performed a systematic and comprehensive publication search to identify studies on experimental spinalization in rat models, and this review discusses the advantages and limitations of each method.

The Relationship between Translocal Chinese and their Hometowns (1920s–40s): The View from “Shining” Monthly of Jushan, Quemoy (跨境華僑及其僑鄉社會∶以顯影僑刊為中心的考察(1920s–40s))

Quemoy is a famous overseas Chinese hometown in modern China. Since the 17th Century, Western colonial power expanded to South Asia, Southeast Asia, China and Japan, and drew these areas into the network of the global economy. The Quemoy Islands, situated outside Xinmen (Amoy)-port, were influenced by external and internal factors that shaped the region’s history of overseas migration. Emigrants from Quemoy brought radical changes back to their hometown, including social, economic, cultural and architectural impacts. These historical phenomena, usually described as expressions of “transnationalism,” are important foci of current research. This research tries to study the modernization of one overseas Chinese native hometown by investigating “Shining,” a monthly publication of Jushan village in Quemoy. “Shining” is one of the most comprehensive overseas Chinese publications and news reports in the world, however, it has received little academic attention. “Shining” published its first issue in September 1928, but publication was interrupted by the Second Sino-Japan War, between 1937–45. In April 1946, the publication resumed until the kmt retreated to Taiwan in 1949. The monthly publication had 21 volumes in total and recorded many historical materials, such as social life, overseas Chinese remittances, events, cultural changes and architectural activities during the 1920s–30s. It also reported political conditions and made criticisms of political issues between 1945–49. “Shining” conveyed progressive ideas and values to the people of Quemoy at that time. This paper will use “Shining” to study social change in the native hometown, including the economic connection between Quemoy and overseas areas, the formation and characteristics of overseas Chinese families, the interaction between folk society and colonial culture, the modification of everyday life and values, the changes in landscape and architecture. I attempt to examine the use of overseas Chinese newsletters to develop a new field of social history in the study of modern overseas Chinese native hometowns. 閩粵為近代中國著名的僑鄉，海外移民及歸僑眾多。華僑的出洋主要是經濟上的因素，他們匯款返鄉支持了家鄉家眷生計、教育、剬益、實業等層面的發展，促成了僑鄉社會的近代化。在昔日交通不便捷的情況下，海外僑居地與僑鄉之間的聯繫，經常必須仰賴僑刊或鄉訊的報導。這些刊物一般由各僑鄉宗族所辦，刊行於海外，讓華僑得以了解家鄉動態與相關事聞。不過由於國共戰爭、文化大革命之故，多數僑刊沒有保存下來。 本文擬以保存完整的僑刊福建金門珠山《顯影》（Shining）為例，一方面深入分析1928至1949年間（1937–45年間因戰爭停刊）《顯影》史料，一方面也從刊物內容中理解1920s–40s年代金門社會生活、治安狀況、海外鄉僑事蹟、僑匯經濟、實業發展、政治時局、文化變遷等主題。最後，進一步探究《顯影》的史料價值及其侷限，說明其對於僑鄉研究的重要性。 (This article is in English.)

Structures with Bay-shaped Stoves in Ancient Slavs’ Husbandry (Based on Materials from Peresopnytsia in Pastivnyk Tract)

The article presents a comprehensive publication of small size structures with bay-shaped stoves from the excavations at the Early Slavs’ settlement in Pastivnyk Tract in Peresopnytsia of the Rivne Region and Oblast. There are three of them studied since 2002 during the period of active research: No 1 in excavation area 1, No 2 in excavation area 8, and No 1 in excavation area 9. There was the other stove to the left from the last mentioned. Based on the filling in the foundation pits, the structures are dated by the 10th century. Finds in the structures at Pastivnyk testify for their usage in work with «bread», or wider for cooking: fragments of millstones were found in structure 1/1; three types of various kitchen remains were found in No 2/8, and filling No 1/9 contained a significant admixture of burnt grains of cultivated cereals. The fact that such structures were not used as workshops (ceramic, ironworking, etc.) is indirectly evidenced by the planigraphy of the settlements: in cases where it was possible to trace, such structures were situated in immediate proximity to the dwellings, as well as in the residential area of the settlements.A review of similar structures is made which are situated mainly in Volyn. It is probable that such tradition of farmstead organization, in which structures for cooking were settled separately and outside the dwelling room, was spread at a very limited local territory, was appropriate for the annalistic Volynians, and was their own distinctive tribal peculiarity of farmstead organization.

CDC Grand Rounds: Preventing Suicide Through a Comprehensive Public Health Approach.

Suicide in the United States is a major public health problem with approximately 42,000 reported suicides in 2014 among persons aged >10 years (1). The overall suicide rate is increasing, with a 27% increase from 2000 (12.1 per 100,000 population) to 2014 (15.4 per 100,000) (Figure 1). Males, youths and young adults, and certain racial/ethnic groups have historically had higher rates of suicide. In 2014, suicide rates were approximately four times higher among males (24.3 per 100,000) than females (6.8 per 100,000), and suicide was the second leading cause of death among youths and young adults aged 10-34 years (1). Among persons aged 10-24 years, the 2014 suicide rate among non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Natives was 20.2 per 100,000, 1.9 times higher than non-Hispanic whites (10.5 per 100,000), 3.5 times higher than non-Hispanic blacks (5.8 per 100,000), and 3.7 times higher than Hispanics (5.5 per 100,000) (1). Adults aged 35-64 years are an emerging group at risk, with suicide rates increasing 33% since 2000 and accounting for the largest proportion of suicides (1).

Using GIS and methods of digital cartography for analyzing battlefield engravings of 17th century

<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 100%;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Iconographic sources depicting Thirty Years’ War battlefields in the Czech lands can be found in historical graphic works printed in the most comprehensive documentary publication of the 17</span><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">th</span></sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"> century, the Theatrum Europaeum. In this publication, the year 1647 is one of the richest in terms of the number of engravings depicting the course of the war. In addition, the Swedish campaign of the same year left behind the most numerous and best preserved traces in the landscape of the Czech lands. The paper focuses primarily on engravings related to war events at the locations of Cheb, Třebel and Teplá. It presents interim results of interdisciplinary research of these iconographic sources, which involves the tools of spatial analyses, digital terrain modelling and also new possibilities of airborne laser scanning data processing. The main aims of the research, which are also being implemented, are the confirmation of depicted localities and their localization; analyses of the scale and geometrical precision of displayed landscape; estimates of visibility and methods of creating the source materials for engravings; and a detailed comparison with other contemporary or current cartographic sources. </span></p>

2016 strategic planning meeting [Society News Report Meeting

The 2016 Instrumentation and Measurement Society's (IMS) annual Strategic Planning Meeting, in which the Society officers and the Editors-in-Chief (EICs) participated, was held in Atlanta, GA during February 18-20. The opening remarks by Ruth Dyer, President, emphasized the importance of Vision, Mission and Goals as the IMS seeks to identify initiatives to pursue that will benefit our members. Our plans must stay aligned with our overall goals so that we make the most effective use of our resources. Our financial resources are important, but one most crucial resource that we have is the invaluable time voluntarily given by the IMS Officers, AdCom members, and active general members, all of whom work diligently to advance our Society goals. Ruth reminded the group of the upcoming comprehensive publications and Society review by the IEEE, which will take place in 2017. She challenged us to continue analyzing the recent IEEE membership survey results for ideas which would improve the value of our services to our members. Ruth's message focused on both the initiatives being undertaken by IEEE and those by the IMS AdCom. She encouraged us to continue our efforts to improve our already highly and effective Society.

Comparing Perspectives

The review compares two recent books: Holidays after the Fall. Seaside Architecture and Urbanism in Bulgaria and Croatia (edited by Elke Beyer, Anke Hagemann and Michael Zinganel, Berlin, 2013) and Enchanting Views. Romanian Black Sea Tourism Planning and Architecture of the 1960s and 1970s (edited by Kalliopi Dimou, Sorin Istudor and Alina Serban, Bucharest, 2015). They are the first comprehensive publications that focus on seaside tourism architecture and urbanism in the former communist world, in the three countries where these have been most substantially developed at the time. The two books are also part of a tendency in recent literature on the communist period, to see the brighter side of a built environment that is still generally considered to be grey and dull. The review compares the two editorial strategies and stresses their differences: Holidays after the Fall addresses both the communist and the post-communist periods, including the ‘architectural monstrosities’ of the recent liberal developments; Enchanting Views focuses strictly on the 1960s and the 1970s, with their unspoiled image of a clean and pure modernist seaside environment. Holidays after the Fall focuses more on researching and revealing objects of architecture and urbanism, while Enchanting Views looks to display as many different disciplinary perspectives and interpretations as possible. The review highlights their similarities too: both books develop comparative approaches, showing that modernist seaside developments in the communist Europe were closely similar to their Western counterparts and that seaside resorts have played a major role as instruments of lifestyle change and modernization.

A Comprehensive Public Health Conceptual Framework and Strategy to Effectively Combat Cholangiocarcinoma in Thailand.

A Comprehensive Public Health Conceptual Framework and Strategy to Effectively Combat Cholangiocarcinoma in Thailand.

North by North-West

The research project “The Asymmetric Neighbourhood: Norway and Russia 1814–2014” has published two volumes on the history of the relations between Russia and Norway, the first of which, encompassing the period to 1917, is reviewed here. This is a comprehensive publication, covering most aspects of the history of contacts between the two countries. The relations have generally been peaceful, with informal or formal alliances both in the Great Northern War and the Second World War, while boundary issues and questions of sovereignty over Arctic territories have been settled through negotiations. Some of the background for this is the complementary trade relations along the northern coasts, but the relative disinterest in northern areas on the Russian side and common foreign enemies should also be stressed. Much space is naturally devoted to foreign and ethnic politics, but the social history on aspects like Norwegian immigration to the Kola Peninsula may be the highlight of the book, together with the plentiful illustrations. However, quantitative aspects, such as the sizes of different population groups, have been put on the back burner. The editing together of the illustrations and contributions from seventeen authors is exemplary, making the book a delight to read from both aesthetic and scholarly points of view.

Sant'Omobono: an interim status quaestionis

The church of Sant’Omobono sits above one of the highest human occupation sequences in the city of Rome. Some 3.5 m of sediment lie between the earliest known Bronze Age occupation lens and the base of the foundations of the early 6th c. B.C. temple, a further 13 m above which lies the floor of the present church, reconstructed in A.D. 1482. The site was sacred to the goddesses Fortuna and Mater Matuta for more than a millennium, before one of their temples was converted into a church of San Salvatore, rebuilt many times and eventually rededicated to Saints Anthony and Omobono. The archaeological remains were discovered by chance in 1936, when the dense neighborhood surrounding the church was demolished to make way for new Fascist infrastructure. The site was spared from further construction, and excavations continued sporadically through the latter half of the 20th c. This work was carried out by a diverse cast of archaeologists employing an equally diverse range of methodologies and field practices, though none of this work has been fully published. Since 2009, the Sant’Omobono Project, a collaboration between the University of Michigan, the Università della Calabria, and the Sovrintendenza Capitolina of the Comune di Roma, has continued this research with the goal of understanding and publishing whatever possible from the earlier excavations and bringing updated methodologies to bear on the site. While preparations for comprehensive publication are ongoing, the present article summarizes the main occupation and construction phases at the site as understood after 6 years of work by the project.

A meta-analysis of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for small hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis.

To discuss the efficacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by pooling the open published data. A comprehensive publication electronic search was performed by reviewers in the databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. The open published studies about CEUS for small HCC diagnosis were collected. The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (+LR), negative likelihood ratio (-LR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were pooled by stata 12.0 software. A total of 16 studies were included in the present study. The sensitivity, specificity, +LR, and -LR were aggregated by random effects model because of significant heterogeneity (I2 >50.0%). However, DOR was pooled by fixed effects model without significant heterogeneity (I2 <50.0%). The aggregate sensitivity was 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79-0.91); the aggregate specificity was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.75-0.94); the aggregate +LR and -LR were 7.06 (95% CI: 1.64-30.36) and 0.20 (95% CI: 1.64-30.36), respectively. The DOR was 33.71 (95% CI: 20.34-55.88); the area under the receiver operating characteristic was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.90-0.95). There was significant publication bias tested by funnel plot and line regression test (t = 2.29, P < 0.05). With the present evidence, CEUS is useful for diagnosis of small HCC with relatively high sensitivity and specificity.

Chemotaxonomy of Indonesian &lt;i&gt;Citrus maxima&lt;/i&gt; based on Leaf Essential Oils

Pummelo (Citrus maxima) is one of true citrus species originated from South East Asian regions. Pummelo is known as having high morphological diversity, but lacking of comprehensive publications documenting chemical diversity. The objectives of this study were to reveal essential oil diversity and its implication on the chemotaxonomy of the species. Leaves from forty individual plants were collected from seven districts representing pummelo distribution areas in Indonesia. Isolation of essential oils was done using maceration and solvent extraction procedures. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the essential oils was conducted using GC-MS. Thirty one compounds were identified, consisted of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, ketones, alkenes and fatty acids. Assessment on chemotaxonomical importance of essential oils was carried out using cluster analysis and principal component analysis on volatile compounds. Three chemotypes were recognized, defined as “nerol/loliolide/allo-aromadendrenechemotype”, “alpha-selinenechemotype” and “alpha-pinene/delta-carenechemotype”. Three chemotypes defined in this study was the first reported chemotaxonomic analysis for Indonesian C. maxima.

Использование технологий туристской инфографики в образовательном процессе

The article is devoted to the problem of using tourism infographic in the educational process of training specialists&#x0D; in the sphere of tourist services. The object of study is a special form of information visualization – infographics&#x0D; tourist. Subject of research is the classification and study of possibilities of using tourism as a special&#x0D; infographic of the format of visualization of the educational information in the process of training specialists&#x0D; in the sphere of tourism. Tourism infographic refers to a special thematic course in theory and practice visualizing&#x0D; the information related to tourism resources, destinations, service in tourism and hospitality. In modern&#x0D; science the concept of tourism infographic, a comprehensive synthesis publication about the pedagogical&#x0D; functions of the infographics are absent. Infographics as a modern genre and the format for reporting is the&#x0D; product of a global information space of the «InfoSphere». Its main function is the transfer of large volumes of&#x0D; information through its visualization on a single, specially organized a compact image with the use of design&#x0D; techniques. In the field of training of specialists on direction «Tourism» infographics have become one of the&#x0D; most important methods of information influence on the students. The infographic has a bunch of important&#x0D; didactic qualities, allowing to form a special visual expertise. The article describes the classification of tourism&#x0D; infographic in various formats (media, information, narrative formats) described critical Internet resources,&#x0D; providing the opportunity to engage in the learning process of the finished renderings of tourist subjects. The&#x0D; article lists and describes the possibility of using in practical activity of students the most important tools for the&#x0D; design and construction of tourist infographic. The article States the pedagogical effect of the use of the materials&#x0D; infographic in the educational process of training specialists in the sphere of service and tourism. The&#x0D; conclusion forms the positive impact of visualization techniques of tourist information by means of infographics&#x0D; on the academic learning of students.