Comprehensive Method Research Articles

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Screening for Q-markers of Antiviral Granules based on neuraminidase inhibitors and Effect-constituent index

BackgroundAntiviral granules (AG) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine commonly employed for influenza treatment. However, there is an urgent need to improve its quality control standards. PurposeThe quality markers (Q-markers), guided by the Effect-constituent Index (ECI), were screened through in vitro and in vivo component identification, molecular docking, and neuraminidase (NA) inhibition experiments. MethodsThe chemical components in AG underwent analysis using UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS and GC–MS, and serum pharmacochemistry was employed to analyze the components absorbed into the bloodstream. Molecular docking was used to evaluate the affinity of the prototype components to NA, and the inhibitory activity of the candidate components was later confirmed through NA inhibitor experiments. Following this, a UHPLC-MS/MS method was developed to screen and quantify the Q-markers in 20 sample batches. Lastly, the ECI was formulated using a multi-index comprehensive evaluation method that combines composition, content, and activity. ResultsA total of 246 compounds were identified in AG, and 89 prototype components and 19 metabolic components were detected in the serum of the rats. Molecular docking revealed that the binding energy of 35 candidate active ingredients was better than that of the original ligand and the target protein. Among these candidate active ingredients, 12 candidate Q-markers demonstrated significant inhibitory effects in NA inhibition experiments, with IC50 values ranging from 0.954 to 3.408 mM. A UHPLC-MS/MS content determination method was established for the quantification of 11 Q-markers, including Forsythiaside A, Pogostone, Verbascoside, Mangiferin, 5-methoxy-8-hydroxypsoralen, Curcumenol, Luteolin-7-glucuronide, Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, Baicalin, Rutin, and Bergaptol, in 20 batches of samples. The ECI was calculated based on activity and content of these Q-markers. Pearson's correlation analysis of the NA inhibitory effect of the samples and the ECI resulted in an R value of 0.859, indicating a good correlation. Furthermore, this correlation coefficient surpassed those observed between the content of each Q-marker and the NA inhibitory effect. ConclusionThe Q-markers for treating influenza with AG have been successfully screened, and the ECI of AG has been constructed. These findings will provide beneficial strategies for improving the quality control level of AG.

THE METHOD OF HYDRODYNAMIC MODELING USING A CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK

Context. Solving hydrodynamic problems is associated with high computational complexity and therefore requires considerable computing resources and time. The proposed approach makes it possible to significantly reduce the time for solving such problems by applying a combination of two improved modeling methods.
 Objective. The goal is to create a comprehensive hydrodynamic modeling method that requires significantly less time to determine the dynamics of the velocity field by using the modified lattice Boltzmann method and the pressure distribution by using a convolutional neural network.
 Method. A method of hydrodynamic modeling is proposed, which realizes the synergistic effect arising from the combination of the improved lattice Boltzmann method and a convolutional neural network with a specially adapted structure. The essence of the method consists of implementing a sequence of iterations, each of which simulates the process of changing parameters when moving to the next time layer. Each iteration includes a predictor step and a corrector step. At the predictor step, the lattice Boltzmann method works, which allows us to obtain the field of fluid velocities in the working area at the next time layer using the field of velocities at the previous layer. At the corrector step, we apply an improved convolutional neural network trained on a previously created data set. Using a neural network allows us to determine the pressure distribution on a new time layer with a predetermined accuracy. After adding the fluid compressibility correction on the new time layer, we get a refined value of the velocity field, which can be used as initial data for applying the lattice Boltzmann method at the next iteration. Calculations stop when the specified number of iterations is reached.
 Results. The operation of the proposed method was studied on the example of modeling fluid movement in a fragment of the human gastrointestinal tract. The simulation results showed that the time spent implementing the simulation process was reduced by 6–7 times while maintaining acceptable accuracy for practical tasks.
 Conclusions. The proposed hydrodynamic modeling method with a convolutional neural network and the lattice Boltzmann method significantly reduces the time and computing resources required to implement the modeling process in areas with complex geometry. Further development of this method will make it possible to implement real-time hydrodynamic modeling in threedimensional domains.

The Impact of Strategic Agility on Building the Intelligent Organization: A Field Study in Private Hospitals in Ibb City

The study aimed at identifying the impact of strategic agility on building the intelligent organization through the dimensions of strategic agility (strategic sensitivity, leadership unit, resource fluidity, decision –making agility, strategic vision, and response speed) and its role in building the intelligent organization in private hospitals. A comprehensive survey method was used to collect data, involving the administrative leaders in private hospitals in Ibb City. A total of 130 questionnaires were distributed to administrative leaders (general managers, department managers, department Head and their deputies). The study revealed numerous significant findings, including a statistically significant impact of strategic agility on building the intelligent organization. The study also indicated a significant impact of the dimensions of strategic agility (strategic sensitivity, resource fluidity, decision-making agility and response speed) on constructing the intelligent organization. However, there is no significant impact of the dimensions of strategic agility (leadership unit and strategic vision) on building the intelligent organization. The study recommended various suggestions, including the necessity for organizations to adopt the strategic agility approach, focus on resources, and establish a clear strategic vision to facilitate rapid interaction with the surrounding environment. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of involving the employees in developing a strategic plan that aligns with their mental and physical skills and orientations.

Whispers in the Blood: Leveraging MicroRNAs for Unveiling Autologous Blood Doping in Athletes.

The prevalence of autologous blood transfusions (ABTs) presents a formidable challenge in maintaining fair competition in sports, as it significantly enhances hemoglobin mass and oxygen capacity. In recognizing ABT as a prohibited form of doping, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) mandates stringent detection methodologies. While current methods effectively identify homologous erythrocyte transfusions, a critical gap persists in detecting autologous transfusions. The gold standard practice of longitudinally monitoring hematological markers exhibits promise but is encumbered by limitations. Despite its potential, instances of blood doping often go undetected due to the absence of definitive verification processes. Moreover, some cases remain unpenalized due to conservative athlete-sanctioning approaches. This gap underscores the imperative need for a more reliable and comprehensive detection method capable of unequivocally differentiating autologous transfusions, addressing the challenges faced in accurately identifying such prohibited practices. The development of an advanced detection methodology is crucial to uphold the integrity of anti-doping measures, effectively identifying and penalizing instances of autologous blood transfusion. This, in turn, safeguards the fairness and equality essential to competitive sports. Our review tackles this critical gap by harnessing the potential of microRNAs in ABT doping detection. We aim to summarize alterations in the total microRNA profiles of erythrocyte concentrates during storage and explore the viability of observing these changes post-transfusion. This innovative approach opens avenues for anti-doping technologies and commercialization, positioning it as a cornerstone in the ongoing fight against doping in sports and beyond. The significance of developing a robust detection method cannot be overstated, as it ensures the credibility of anti-doping efforts and promotes a level playing field for all athletes.

Modeling and Analysis of Flexible Deployable Structure with Scissor-Like Elements Using a Novel Non-Locking Beam Element

The main goal of this paper is to develop a comprehensive dynamic modeling and analysis method based on the absolute node coordinate method to predict the impact of the member flexibility on the dynamic performance of scissor deployable structure under the framework of flexible multi-body dynamics. In the process, three locking problems in the classical plane shear beam element are reviewed and discussed. Then a novel non-locking planar beam element is proposed to solve the element locking problem, and the dynamic model of the scissor deployable structure is established. Next, the cantilever beam, simply supported beam and flexible simple pendulum are respectively used to verify the correctness of the proposed non-locking beam element from the static and dynamic perspectives. Finally, the simulation and experiment results show that the proposed new non-locking element and normal matrix modeling method can effectively evaluate the dynamic performance of deployable structure and improve the computational efficiency. This study not only provides theoretical guidance for the dynamic behavior analysis and prediction of scissor deployable structure, but also offers reference for the layout and design of same type mechanisms.

ESA-GCN: An Enhanced Graph-Based Node Classification Method for Class Imbalance Using ENN-SMOTE Sampling and an Attention Mechanism

In recent years, graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved great success in handling node classification tasks. However, as data explosively grows in various industries, the problem of class imbalance becomes increasingly severe. Traditional GNNs tend to prioritize majority class nodes when dealing with imbalanced class distributions, which fail to adequately capture the features of minority class nodes, leading to significant difficulties and challenges in data classification. To address issues such as inaccurate edge generation during graph data oversampling, insufficient representation of minority classes, and the presence of noisy samples, this paper proposes the ESA-GCN model. The advantages of this model are as follows: (i) it employs the ENN-SMOTE comprehensive sampling method to balance the dataset by reducing majority class nodes and increasing minority class nodes; (ii) the ENN algorithm reduces the classifier’s error rate and improves performance stability by removing low-quality and noisy data; (iii) an attention mechanism is introduced during the edge generation phase between new nodes and original nodes, fully considering the mutual relationships between nodes and concentrating on a subset of key information with high weights, thereby significantly improving classification accuracy while reducing model parameters and computational complexity. Experiments conducted on three public datasets (Cora, Citeseer, and PubMed) demonstrate that the ESA-GCN has achieved significant results in class imbalance node classification tasks.

Was the 2019 Christchurch attack a black swan event? Understanding far-right violence in New Zealand

ABSTRACT On 15 March 2019, far-right actor Brenton Tarrant killed 51 people at the al Noor Mosque and Linwood Islamic Centre in Christchurch, New Zealand. Media and politicians presented this event as an ‘end of innocence’ for New Zealand, with many wondering how such an attack could occur in an extremely isolated and generally peaceful location. However, for a range of reasons, it is not immediately clear whether the Christchurch attack represented a black swan event, or is better understood as a spectacularly lethal version of a poorly documented phenomenon chronically occurring across the country. To understand the extent to which severe far-right violence is actually occurring within New Zealand, this article documents incidents both before, and immediately following the Christchurch attack. It identifies a chronic level of attacks motivated by far-right beliefs which, when considered on a per-capita basis, suggests that serious far-right violence may actually be more prevalent in New Zealand than other broadly comparable countries. Moving forward, it is crucial that New Zealand develop a comprehensive government-funded method to systematically monitor and respond to far-right attacks, and that this response is not designed solely through the narrow prism of a single, highly idiosyncratic event.

Research on Noise Reduction Modification Design of High Speed EMU Traction Arc Toothed Cylindrical Gears

Aiming at the deficiencies of the traction helical gear transmission system when the EMU is running at high speed, this paper proposes and designs a kind of arc toothed cylindrical gear adapted to the traction of higher speed EMU. A parametric arc toothed cylindrical gear model was constructed using CREO, and its dynamic contact characteristics and acoustic response characteristics were analyzed under sustained operating conditions using the finite element boundary element method. The design of a tooth profile combined with the radius of the arc toothed line of the comprehensive trimming program put forward a virtual trimming prototype method through MATLAB and CREO reconstruction gear, and trimming before and after the gear transmission simulation experiments occurred for comparison and analysis. This study shows that the traction arc toothed cylindrical gear comprehensive modification method proposed in this study achieves better dynamic performance optimization, effectively reduces the contact stress and radiation noise of the gear transmission, and provides a theoretical basis for the development of a new generation of high-speed EMU stock traction drive systems.

A method for accurately extracting power lines and identifying potential intrusion risks from urban laser scanning data

Timely and accurate monitoring of power line safety is a key step in ensuring urban production and daily life. The rapid development of vehicle-borne mobile laser scanning (MLS) technology has provided an effective solution for intelligent maintenance of power grids. This paper proposes a comprehensive method for accurate extraction, missing completion, and intrusion risk detection of urban power lines. Firstly, local linear geometric features are described using principal component analysis (PCA) covariance matrix, and outliers are accurately separated using a joint Bezier curve distance threshold. Secondly, the statistical inference function estimation method is employed to accurately simulate the complete topology of power lines. Finally, a fast intrusion risk detection method based on the separating axis theorem (SAT) for boundary box neighboring objects is developed. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves a recall rate and precision rate of 98.28 % and 98.71 %, respectively, for power line extraction. The root mean square error (RMSE) accuracy and coordinate residual of catenary line fitting are both below 0.04 m, indicating strong noise resistance and robustness. Compared to mainstream geometric extraction methods, our approach exhibits superior performance.

Application of the BOPPPS-CBL model in electrocardiogram teaching for nursing students: a randomized comparison

Background/AimInterpreting an electrocardiogram (ECG) is a vital skill for nurses in cardiology. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the bridge-in, objective, preassessment, participatory learning, post-assessment, and summary (BOPPPS) model, when combined with case-based learning (CBL), in enhancing nursing students’ ECG interpretation capabilities.Materials & methodsNursing students were randomly divided into two groups: one utilizing the BOPPPS model combined with CBL (BOPPPS-CBL), and the other employing a traditional lecture-based learning (LBL) model. All participants underwent training and completed pre- and post-course quizzes.ResultsThe BOPPPS-CBL model significantly improved nursing students’ abilities in ECG interpretation compared to the traditional LBL model group. The BOPPPS-CBL model proved to be a comprehensive and effective method for enhancing students’ attitudes towards teaching and learning.DiscussionOur study demonstrated for the first time that the BOPPPS-CBL model is an innovative and effective method for promoting nurses’ accuracy in ECG interpretation. It highlights the potential of this approach as a superior alternative to traditional learning methods.

Evaluation of the Spatiotemporal Change of Ecological Quality under the Context of Urban Expansion—A Case Study of Typical Urban Agglomerations in China

As a significant manifestation of human activities influencing natural environment, rapid urbanization has enhanced economic prosperity while simultaneously posing threats to ecological quality. Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH), the core region of the Yangtze River Delta (CYRD), and the Pearl River Delta (PRD) stand as three major economic centers characterized by the highest level of urbanization in China, encompassing areas of heightened ecological sensitivity. Nevertheless, the ecological quality at the scale of urban agglomerations remains ambiguous, with many studies failing to develop a comprehensive and effective method for comparing diverse urban agglomerations. Consequently, this study integrates multi-source remote sensing data, including information on land cover and other socio-economic parameters, to construct the Ecological Quality Index (EQI) based on the “Function–Interaction–Pressure–Stability” (FIPS) framework. Through a stratified determination of indicator weights grounded in both objective importance and empirical knowledge, we mapped the spatiotemporal changes of EQI and analyzed the impact of urbanization on ecological quality in three urban agglomerations from 2001 to 2020. We determined the following: (1) The calculated EQI can further capture the nuanced details with better performance at both underlining the discrepancy of highs and lows of EQI and describing the spatial detail of urban agglomerations’ characteristics. (2) Substantial disparities in EQI and its changes are evident across different urban agglomerations. Notably, only the average EQI improves in PRD, while ecological degradation is prominent in specific regions, such as the southeastern plains of BTH area, along the Yangtze River, and around Shanghai in CYRD and central PRD. The CYRD exhibits the largest affected area. (3) Urbanization predominantly influences ecological quality through land cover transitions. In expansion areas, ecological deterioration is significantly more pronounced, constituting approximately 90% of the total area. (4) Despite significant urbanization, city-level analysis in CYRD reveals a better coordination between urban expansion and ecological protection, with a lower intensity of ecological degradation compared to urban expansion rates. Conversely, some cities in the BTH, despite modest urban expansion, exhibit substantial declines in ecological quality, highlighting the need for targeted policy interventions. In conclusion, this study elucidates the intricate relationship between urbanization and ecological quality, offering valuable insights for the development of targeted protection strategies and sustainable urban planning.

Research on the Fourteenth National Games Effect on Tennis Course Based on Social Embedding Theory

The Fourteenth Games in 2021 was successfully held in Shaanxi Province inside which many universities also played a more important role in the Fourteenth Games, and were affected by the Games in turn. This article, by adopting such research methods as the literature and data method, questionnaire survey method, interview method, logic analysis method, and comprehensive induction method, analyzes students’ insight into the Games and how they conduct physical exercises after the Games. And by using the theory of social embedding to study effects of the Games on tennis courses of colleges and universities. Through research, with the help of social embedding theory, the embedded subject of this article is the Effects of the Fourteenth National Games. The embedded object is P.E of Universities. The embedded content is the effects such as sports culture and sports incentives brought about by the Games. The subjects of behavior in embedding process are college students. The Games have exerted aspects of impact on college sports including the sports spirit such as the competition, the sports culture, and the hard work contained in the sports courses are embedded in the physical education courses. When this embedding process is stable and lasts long, the Games will have a profound impact on college physical education courses, and it will also affect the colleges and universities as well as their college sports courses, Students 'attitudes and behaviors have promoted the teaching of tennis curriculum, promoted students' post -school exercises, and achieved tennis popularization. It also helps to promote the construction of sports culture and sports spirit in colleges and universities.

Research on improvement of comprehensive evaluation method of appearance elements design of elderly products

Research on improvement of comprehensive evaluation method of appearance elements design of elderly products

Low-Waste Technology of Fodder Grass Processing

The article describes the peculiar features of plant processing for the conservation of fodder made of the leafy mass of hard-to-ensilage legume family cultures in agricultural complexes and deficiencies of the traditional treatment of the feedstock. The current technology of mechanical fractionation of legume grasses suggests the production of the basic product - the protein concentrate. The by-products are press residues - grass pulp and protein-free liquid, which are production wastes. The purpose of this work was to develop a comprehensive method of plant resources' use with waste disposal and application in fodder production. The novelty of the work is the method of combining the dehydration of the vegetative organs of the hard-to-ensilage sown legume fodder grasses through mechanical pressing and drying and the use of the resulting wastes - the press residues as raw material for fodder preparation. The humidity of the press residues was to be reduced to the level required for making haylage by using the method of low-temperature final drying in an experimental unit - a continuous-action direct heated drier. The results of studying the possibility of reducing the humidity of the press residues by low-temperature direct-heated drying and using it as raw material for haylage are presented in the article. The temperature and time ranges for the material drying in a direct-heated drier were established. The chemical composition of the vegetable stock and resulting haylage was analyzed, and the composition of the fermentation products, the feed, and caloric values, and the potential safety for animal organisms were determined. The suggested method ensures the comprehensive processing of the herbage with waste disposal and the production of high-quality animal fodder. In terms of quality parameters and environmental safety, the obtained fodder conformed to the regulatory requirements for the haylage to be used in the cattle stock diet.

Analisis Persaingan Ekspor Tekstil Indonesia Dengan Vietnam

In the international trade market, there is intense competition between Indonesia and Vietnam in textile exports. This study examines the dynamics of this competition with a concentrate on the elements that affect the outcome of both countries in exporting textiles to the world market. The focus of the analysis is on competitive advantage, business strategy and the economic impact of the country. Using a comprehensive research method, the journal identifies that production costs, product innovation and marketing strategies are key factors in textile export competition. Comparative advantage in this case plays an important role in shaping each country's position in the international market. The analysis also covers both countries' responses to global market dynamics, trade policy changes and other challenges affecting the textile industry. By understanding these factors, this journal provides policy recommendations that can improve the competitiveness and export status of Indonesian and Vietnamese textiles. The results of this study make an important contribution to understanding the complexity of textile export competition at the international level and provide a foundation for political strategies that can support both countries' sustainable growth in this sector. The analysis also covers both countries' responses to global market dynamics, trade policy changes and other challenges affecting the textile industry. The results this research offer an examination of two countries' responses to global market dynamics, trade policy changes and other challenges affecting the textile industry.

Acute Toxicity Assays with Adult Coral Fragments: A Method for Standardization.

Coral reefs are globally declining due to various anthropogenic stressors. Amongst those, chemical pollutants, such as pesticides from agricultural runoff, sewage or an overabundance of personal care products in coastal waters due to intense tourism, may be considered as a local stressor for reef-building corals. The extent to which such chemicals exhibit toxic effects towards corals at environmentally relevant concentrations is currently controversially discussed and existing studies are often based on varying and sometimes deficient test methods. To address this uncertainty, we adapted available methods into a reliable and comprehensive acute coral toxicity test method for the reef-building coral Montipora digitata. The toxicities of the four substances benzophenone-3 (BP-3), Diuron (DCMU), copper (Cu2+ as CuCl2, positive control) and dimethylformamide (DMF, solvent) were assessed in a 96 h semi-static test design. Endpoints such as maximum quantum yield, bleaching, tissue loss and mortality were evaluated with respect to their suitability for regulatory purposes. Overall, the endpoints bleaching and mortality yielded sensitive and robust results for the four tested substances. As the test method follows the principles of internationally standardized testing methods (ISO, OECD), it can be considered suitable for further validation and standardization. Once validated, a standardized test method will help to obtain reproducible toxicity results useful for marine hazard and risk assessment and regulatory decision making.

The Story of Muadh in his Leadership of his People - A Recent Critical Study

This research dealt with the story of Muadh in his leadership of his people, and this study aimed to collect the narrations, methods, and terminologies in which the story of Muadh, RA, and his leadership to his people was mentioned. It also aims to distinguish what is correct and what is not correct, and explaining the ills and errors that occur in the hadiths, narrations, and expressions. This was a subject of dispute with the impact it has on the elicitation of mandated jurisprudential rulings. The study, within its objective limits, focused on the critical hadith study without comparative jurisprudence. The research concluded that the number of hadiths in this story reached seven and it was the focus of this study, by collecting the narrations, methods, and vocabulary, and adopting a comprehensive graduation method based on follow-ups. Then study these methods and implement the rules of criticism and reasoning and compare the narratives to clarify what is acceptable from what is rejected, which has an impact on meanings and rulings. The research also concluded that this story is authentic, but there is a discrepancy in its wording and context, and in some of its narrations, there are additions in its wording and sentences. Which has an impact on the meanings and rulings. This research has provided a complete editing and a showcase of what is accepted from it and what is rejected, according to the researcher's diligence.

Techno-economic analysis for design and management of international green hydrogen supply chain under uncertainty: An integrated temporal planning approach

The international green hydrogen supply chain (HSC) is anticipated to play a pivotal role in the ongoing energy transition. Our research endeavors to assess the implications of considering fast timescale volatility in renewable energy sources and uncertainties in demand on the design and evaluation of the international green hydrogen supply chain. To achieve this objective, we introduce a comprehensive bi-level optimization method for evaluating the economic viability of the HSC between nations. In the upper level of the optimization, capacity investments are determined using Bayesian optimization and Hyperband (BOHB) for multiple components, including turbines, PV panels, batteries, water electrolyzers, hydrogen liquefaction plants, hydrogen tanks, and liquid hydrogen (LH2) ships. The lower level focuses on the optimal scheduling of LH2 shipments and the operation of each facility, utilizing a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model that considers lead time and uncertainties in both supply and demand. We conduct case studies involving nine projects, encompassing three potential import and export countries, to demonstrate and analyze the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Furthermore, we delve into the impacts of various factors, such as economies of scale, lead time, and the minimum operating constraint of the electrolyzer, on the economic performance of the green HSC project. The study also explores the optimal balance between facility installation scales and their relationships with techno-economic parameters, providing valuable insights for future research, technological advancement and supply chain design.

JUSTIFICATION OF THE CONCEPT OF SAFETY-ORIENTED SHIP OPERATIONS DURING CARGO TRANSPORTATION

Abstract. The article examines topical issues of maritime transportation safety in the context of modern transport production processes. A comprehensive analysis of the key factors affecting the safety of navigation is carried out, and a structured system for classifying these factors is developed. The main categories of safety, including technical, navigational, technological and environmental safety, are considered, and the role of the human factor in ensuring the safety of navigation is determined. Comprehensive research methods were applied, including the analysis of literature sources, statistical data, case studies and expert opinions. The result of the work is a developed system of concepts for ensuring safety in maritime transport, which can contribute to improving safety and reliability in this area. Objective. The purpose of the article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of shipping safety issues in the context of modern transport production processes. The paper aims to thoroughly consider the key factors affecting the safety of maritime transportation and to provide a structured system for classifying these factors. Additionally, the article identifies the main safety categories and considers the role of the human factor in ensuring all aspects of shipping safety. As a result, a general approach to shipping safety is formulated, which takes into account all the necessary aspects and methods of ensuring safety in the process of maritime transportation. Research methods. This article uses a comprehensive research method, including the analysis of literary sources and scientific publications, the analysis of statistical data on incidents in maritime shipping, and also uses case studies and expert assessments. Additionally, the method of modeling situations that could potentially affect shipping safety was used. All these methods were used for a comprehensive review and classification of factors affecting safety and the development of a system of concepts for ensuring safety in maritime transportation. Results. As a result of the study, a comprehensive system of concepts for ensuring safety in maritime transportation was developed. It includes four main types of safety: technical, navigational, technological and environmental. Each of these aspects of safety has been analyzed in detail and classified depending on the stages of the shipping production process. Scientific novelty. The novelty of this article lies in the development of an approach to comprehensive analysis and security in maritime transportation, which can contribute to improving safety and reliability in this industry. Practical significance. The developed comprehensive system of concepts for ensuring safety during maritime transportation provides specific recommendations and methods for ensuring safety at various stages of ship operation, including cargo transportation and other ship operations.