Comprehensive Income Research Articles

Pengaruh Kualitas Audit Terhadap Hubungan Pengungkapan Other Comprehensif Income (OCI) dengan Earning Management

Change in accounting standards in Indonesia uses international standards became the focus of attention for company management because they had to report other comprehensive income (OCI). OCI components contain high assumptions, estimates and judgments from management, therefore high quality audits may reduce earnings management of OCI. The aim of this research is to analyze the effects of audit quality on relationship of other comprehensive income disclosure with earnings management. Research type is descriptive verification. The dependent variable in this research is the earnings management which proxy by discretionary accruals and use modified-Jones Model. Other comprehensive income as independent variable that measured by OCI ratio. While audit quality as moderator variable using dummy variable, KAP big four given a value of 1 and KAP non-big four given a value of 0. This research also use control variable and firm size as measured by total assets of the company and categorizing big and small companies by divided into 25% for the highest asset value for large companies and 25% of the lowest asset value for small companies. This research uses secondary data, financial data from the company’s official website and Icamel from 2019-2021. The sampling method used in this research is purposive sampling. Methods of data analysis in this research using multiple linear regression analysis, F-test and coefficient determination. The results of this research by F test with significant value 0.000 (<0.005) and the direction of negative coefficient indicates that there is significant influence of audit quality on the relationship of other comprehensive income disclosure with earnings management, a degree of influence is 18% as evidenced by the value of adjusted R2. Based on the results of the research are expected to related parties in the capital market may encourage capital market participants to optimize the information contained in the financial statements, including information on other comprehensive income.

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE AUDIT LAG IN NON-CYCLICAL CONSUMER SECTOR COMPANIES

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of comprehensive income, total assets, and KAP size on audit lag. Audit lag is the time span for completing the audit of annual financial statements, namely from the closing date of the company's books to the date stated in the independent auditor's report, the sample selection method for this study is purposive sampling, which is a sampling method based on certain criteria set by the researcher. The research method used in this research is multiple analysis regression. The samples used in this study were 30 companies engaged in the consumer non-cyclicals sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2020-2022 period, the data used was secondary data. The results of this study are as follows: total assets, KAP size, and comprehensive income have an effect on audit lag.

Implementation of PSAK 73: Study of Financial Ratios of PT Aneka Tambang, Tbk

This research aims to analyze changes in PSAK regarding rent, which affects financial performance at PT Aneka Tambang Tbk. Implementing PSAK 73 requires lessees to classify operating leases into finance leases except for short-term leases and assets with a low basis. Lessees with future operating lease commitments must capitalize the lease assets and liabilities. Lease capitalization causes assets and liabilities to increase and equity to decrease in the statement of financial position while net profit in the comprehensive income statement increases. This is because the expenses that arise from the capitalization of rent, namely depreciation and interest expenses, are smaller than the rent expenses written off. The quantitative descriptive research uses secondary data sources in the form of PT Aneka Tambang Tbk's financial reports in 2019 before changes to the PSAK Lease and in 2020 after changes to PSAK. The research results show that changes to PSAK impact the company's financial performance as assessed by financial ratios.

Financial Effects of Other Comprehensive Income on Smes in Medellín - Colombia

Financial Effects of Other Comprehensive Income on Smes in Medellín - Colombia

Analisis Kesiapan Penerapan Laporan Keuangan Berdasarkan Interpretasi Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (ISAK) 35 (Studi Kasus Di Yayasan Pendidikan SMP SMA Islam Cendekia El Hakim Banda Aceh)

This research is to determine the Readiness for Implementing Financial Reports Based on the Interpretation of Financial Accounting Standards (ISAK) 35 at the El Hakim Islamic Scholar High School Middle School Education Foundation Banda Aceh. This research uses qualitative research methods and data collection techniques using interview and documentation techniques. This research uses data collection techniques by means of interviews by interviewing several workers at the El Hakim Islamic Scholar Middle School Banda Aceh. The results of this research. The El Hakim Islamic Scholar Middle School Education Foundation has prepared financial reports every month but the financial reports presented are only limited to information on income and cash expenditures of the El Hakim Islamic Scholar Middle School Middle School Education Foundation. The financial reports presented by the El Hakim Islamic High School Middle School Education Foundation are not in accordance with financial reporting standards in accordance with the Interpretation of Financial Accounting Standards (ISAK) 35. This is proven by the form of financial reports prepared by the El Hakim Islamic High School Middle School Education Foundation only limited to information on cash income and expenditure without any information on comprehensive income reports, financial position reports, cash flow reports, reports on changes in net assets, and notes to financial reports. Meanwhile, the Islamic Scholar El Hakim Middle School Middle School Education Foundation was initially not fully ready to implement financial reports in accordance with the Interpretation of Financial Accounting Standards (ISAK) 35.

The impact of financial assets’ classification according to IFRS 9 on firm value: the case of MENA region’s banks

Purpose The purpose of this study is twofold. On the one hand, it studies the impact of IFRS 9 adoption on the firm value; and on the other hand, it investigates the impact of the classification of financial assets on the firm value. Design/methodology/approach The study covers a sample of 55 listed banks in the Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) region. Data is collected for three years (2017–2019). Findings The findings show that banks’ value is not impacted by IFRS 9 adoption but by financial assets’ classification. Firm value is positively affected by fair value through other comprehensive income assets, while it is negatively affected by amortized cost and fair value through profit or loss assets. The results of the additional analysis show consistent outcomes. Practical implications This research reveals important managerial implications. Priority should be given to the financial assets’ classification strategy following the adoption of IFRS 9 to boost the market valuation of banks. It may be useful for investors, managers and regulators in their decision-making. Originality/value This study enriches previous research as IFRS 9 is a new standard, and its adoption consequences need to be investigated. A few recent studies have focused on IFRS 9 as a whole or on other parts of IFRS 9, namely, the impairment regime and hedge accounting and concern developed contexts. However, this research adds to the knowledge of capital market studies by investigating the application of IFRS 9 in terms of classification in the MENA region.

PENERAPAN ISAK 35 TENTANG PENGELOLAAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN ENTITAS BERORIENTASI NON LABA Studi Kasus Pada Vihara Dhammadipa Arama Batu Malang

Abstract The presentation of financial reports for non-profit organizations is regulated in the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (PSAK) 45 since 1997 which was later updated with the Interpretation of Financial Accounting Standards (ISAK) 35 which became effective in 2020. The purpose of this study was to look at the presentation of financial reports at the Dhammadipa Arama Temple accordance with ISAK 35 and its benefits. The type of research used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. The form of financial reports at the Dhammadipa Arama Batu Temple in 2022 has been adjusted to ISAK 35 which consists of a Comprehensive Income Statement, a Statement of Cash Flows, a Report on Changes in Net Assets, a Report Finance and Notes to Financial Statements. The Dhammadipa Arama Monastery has many benefits that will be obtained by implementing ISAK 35 in financial reports including improving the quality of financial reports, completing elements of financial reports and making it easier to find out surplus (deficit), being able to see how much current assets and non-current assets they have.

FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE BEFORE AND DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

This study aims to prove differences in financial performance before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in Food and Beverage Companies Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. This research method uses quantitative research with data analysis using the t-test statistical method (different tests). The sample in this study is a statement of financial position and profit and loss statement and other comprehensive income for Food and Beverage Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019 and 2021. The results showed that there were differences in the liquidity ratio and solvency ratio before and during the Covid-19. And there is no significant difference in the profitability ratio and activity ratio before and during Covid-19.

Implementation of ISAK 35 at the Daarul Fathonah Islamic Boarding School Foundation in Tegalgubug Lor District, Arjawinangun District, Cirebon

The financial aspect and recording financial reporting is an important aspect of an entity, whether for profit or non-profit. PSAK 45 has regulated the financial reporting rules of non-profit entities since 1997. Then, on April 11 2019, DSAK IAI issued PPSAK 13 which contained the revocation of PSAK 45 and the issuance of ISAK 35. On January 1 2020, the ISAK 35 guidelines came into effect. This research aims to determine financial management at the Daarul Fathonah Islamic Boarding School Foundation and determine its adaptation to ISAK 35. The findings of this research are that the financial management process at the Daarul Fathonah Islamic Boarding School Foundation is divided into five stages, namely planning, implementation, administration, reporting and accountability. The financial reporting of the Daarul Fathonah Islamic Boarding School Foundation is not fully in accordance with ISAK 35; Of the five ISAK 35 financial reports, only three financial reports have been adapted, namely the financial position report, comprehensive income statement and cash flow report, as well as two ISAK 35 financial reports that have not been adapted, namely the report on changes in net worth. and notes to financial reports, because these two financial reports are not required by law.

Analisis Rasio Keuangan untuk Menilai Kinerja Keuangan pada PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur, Tbk

This research purpose to determine the financial performance of PT Indofood Sukses Makmur, Tbk in 2018-2022 period using financial ratio analysis. The basis for assessing and achieving a company is through financial analysis so that the company can control its financial condition and create a company framework. In assessing the job prospects of a company in the past and future and assessing the achievements of a company, financial ratio analysis is used which includes liquidity ratios (current ratio), solvency ratios (debt to asset ratio), activity ratios (total asset turnover), profitability ratio (return on equity) and market ratio (earnings per share). This research is descriptive research which is studied quantitatively. The population of the research is all financial reports of PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur, Tbk is listed on the IDX in 2018-2022 period. The sample for this research is the financial position report and comprehensive income statement in 2018-2022 period. Data collection was carried out using documentation techniques. The results of this research found that the overall financial performance of PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur, Tbk in 2018-2022 period based on analysis of liquidity ratios and solvency ratios is in fairly good condition. Meanwhile, profitability ratios and market ratios are in good condition. However, regarding the activity ratio, the condition of PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur, Tbk is still not efficient so it can be said to be not good. This is due to an increase in sales and total assets during the 2018-2022 period. Based on the results of calculations and analysis of financial ratios, it can be concluded that the financial performance of PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur, Tbk in 2018-2022 period experiences growth in various aspects and profitability can increase, making the company profitable.

Financial Performance Analysis of Mining Company PT. Vale Indonesia Tbk. Using the Economic Value Added (EVA) Method for the 2019-2022 Period

This study aims to analyze and assess the financial performance of PT Vale Indonesia using the Economic Value Added (EVA) approach during the 2019-2022 period. The type of research used is quantitative using descriptive data. The population in this study is the financial statements of the mining company PT Vale Indonesia Tbk. for the last 4 years, namely 2019-2022. The sample of this study is the statement of financial position and comprehensive income. The data collection technique used is documentation. The data analysis technique used is Economic Value Added (EVA) analysis which consists of NOPAT, Invested Capital, WACC, and Capital Charges. The results of this study indicate that the value of Economic Value Added (EVA) at PT Vale Indonesia Tbk. period 2019-2022 is always positive (EVA> 0) so that it can be said that management is able to create economic added value for the company. The results of the analysis using the Economic Value Added (EVA) method to measure the financial performance of the mining company PT Vale Indonesia Tbk. period 2019-2022, showed that during 2019 to 2022 it was always positive (EVA> 0). Based on this, it can be said that management is able to create economic added value for the company, investors or capitalists get more investment returns than invested and creditors can get interest, this situation shows that the company has succeeded in creating value for capital owners so that it indicates good financial performance.

Effect of Fair Value Measurement on the Share Price of Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria

This study examined the effect of fair value accounting on share price of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria from 2016 to 2022. the data used was obtained from the annual reports of the banks. OLS regression was employed in the analysis of the data. The results from the regression analysis show that earnings per share, fair value hierarchy, fair value through other comprehensive income have significant effect on the value relevance of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study concludes that earnings per share is an important variable investor’s pays attention to when making investment decision. In addition, the study concludes that banks which discloses information regarding fair value hierarchy will attract investors and this will result in a corresponding increase in share price. Furthermore, the study concludes that investors pay close and more attention to other comprehensive income value. And finally, the study concludes that fair value through other comprehensive income have an effect on the share price of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study therefore, recommends among others that management of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria should ensure that information using fair value are disclosed since its disclosure have an effect on share price. The study also recommends that regulatory bodies should establish an evaluation system to monitor adequate discourse of fair value information.

Accounting for Equity Financial Instruments Under IFRS 9: Determinants and Usefulness

This oral presentation aims to discuss the results of my study regarding the determinants and usefulness of accounting for equity financial instruments after the effect of the new accounting standard: International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 9 Financial Instruments. The prohibition of recycling fair value gains or losses (FVGL) on equity instruments from other comprehensive income (OCI) to profit or loss when derecognition and the default fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) presentation with alternative fair value through OCI (FVTOCI) option are some major changes for equity financial instruments accounting in IFRS 9. Motivated by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB)’s continuing monitoring implementation evidence on equity instruments classification and measurement, I examine firms’ accounting choices in presenting FVGL on EFA either at FVTOCI or at FVTPL under the framework of Positive Accounting Theory (PAT) and whether the presentation location matters to investors in ASX 500 firms. I find that firms’ EFA holdings are not changed after IFRS 9 in terms of whether to hold an EFA or EFA holding amount. FVGL on EFA presentation location choice is not used opportunistically in firms to smooth earnings or increase profitability. However, information asymmetry for FVTOCI presentation choice increased after IFRS 9 adoption in non-financial firms. EFA amount in financial firms provides incremental value relevance to the market regardless of IFRS 9 adoption, and the EFA presentation location matters to investors. The results of this study provide evidence to standard setters to understand the determinants and usefulness of EFA under IFRS 9, which has implications for further revisions. I contribute to the debate around whether to recycle FVGL from OCI or not. Moreover, I extend accounting choice and value relevance literature in financial instruments accounting that is of value to a broad constituency, such as managers, investors, and various financial statement users.

The problems with comparability among financial statements prepared within Polish entities under IFRS

The aim of this paper is to analyse the comparability of headings included in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income prepared under IFRS.The study required the analysis of statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income patterns ensured by Polish accounting regulations as well as IFRS propositions in this field. Moreover, it covered the analysis of structure and content of IFRS consolidated statements of profit or lossand other comprehensive income prepared for the 2005–2019 period by Polish listed companies. The empirical study based on 477 consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensiveincome showed that Polish entities use national patterns in IFRS reporting. Moreover, the results indicate that some entities were using the terms proposed by IFRS only in some years.As the analysis showed, there are some factors that may diminish the comparability of financial statements prepared under IFRS. To protect users of financial statements from making wrong decisions based on the illusion of comparable IFRS statements, there is a further obligation for researchon how comparable IFRS financial statements really are. Bringing attention to comparability problems with IFRS financial statements may influence future regulators’ approach in setting standards. This can enhance the quality of financial statements.

Empirical Assessment of the Effect of Financial Reporting Components on Investment Decisions of Small and Medium Enterprises in Nigeria

Financial reporting is a critical aspect of business operations that enables companies to communicate relevant financial information to their stakeholders. The primary goal of financial reporting is to provide investors with information that can assist them in making informed investment decisions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of financial reporting on the investment decisions of SMEs. The study made use of primary data. Primary data was collected using an interview guide and questionnaires, with respondents being those in charge of making investment decisions in the firm under study or their agents. The questionnaire included both closed-ended and Likert-type questions. 150 questionnaires were administered out of which 100 were completed and returned. In order to ensure the reliability of the measures used in this research, the researcher conducted a random re-test exercise within the population sample of the study. The study findings indicate that financial reporting has a significant impact on the investment decisions of SMEs. The comprehensive income statement, statement of financial position, cash flow statement, and the statement of changes in shareholder's equity were found to have a significant positive effect on investment decisions. This finding implies that investors consider the information contained in these financial statements when making investment decisions. The study results state the importance of including all financial statements in financial reporting, as each statement provides unique information that can be relevant to investors. The study therefore recommended among other things; The Nigerian government and regulatory bodies should strive to improve financial reporting standards for SMEs, SMEs in Nigeria should be encouraged to undergo financial literacy education to improve their understanding of financial statements, the government should provide incentives such as tax breaks and subsidies to SMEs that prepare and disseminate comprehensive financial report.

Asymmetric effects of fair value adjustments on dividend policy

We examine the effect of unrealized fair value adjustments resulting from derivatives classified as cash flow hedges on the dividend policy of UK firms. We theorise and empirically demonstrate that companies differentiate between positive and negative fair value adjustments. When unrealised gains are recorded under ‘Other comprehensive income’ firms do not increase dividend payouts; as such it can be argued that legal requirements surpass potential signaling considerations. However, for unrealized losses, firms reduce their dividend payouts, even when regulatory arrangements do not necessarily mandate this. Furthermore, firms adjust their dividends based on unrealized losses under different levels of firm risk, future growth opportunities and financial distress. Overall, our findings suggest that managers display a conservative behavior aiming to safeguard company assets, by effectively treating unrealized gains as ‘transitory’ and unrealised losses as ‘persistent’.

Value Relevance of Comprehensive Income reported as per IFRS-converged Indian Accounting Standards

Value Relevance of Comprehensive Income reported as per IFRS-converged Indian Accounting Standards

Fair Value Gains or Lossses and Earnings Quality of Listed Nigerian Deposit Money Banks.

Nigeria has taken a number of steps to increase the accuracy of reported results, which includs the adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards, that involve fair value to measure for specific assets along with liabilities. In this study, the effect of fair value gains and losses (FVGL) and extra comprehensive income (OCI) on the standard of earnings reported by deposit money institutions in Nigeria was examined. The study uses a correlational research methodology and looked at information gathered between 2016 and 2021 from thirteen Nigerian banks. Ordinary least square (OLS) was used in conjunction with SPSS (16 Ver) to evaluate two hypotheses. The outcome showed a positive and substantial correlation between the fair value gains/losses recorded in net income (NI) as well as the earnings quality reported by Nigerian DMBs. While the fair value gains/losses in other comprehensive income is not significantly associated with earnings quality reported by listed Nigerian DMBs. The study is consistent with agency & signalling theory used to frame the research and recommends that regulatory authorities should provide training via workshops & seminars for preparers of financial statement to reduce the complexity in fair value measurement of financial instruments. Also, further research is recommended on the topic to include the influence CG the above relationship.

Classification and Measurement under IFRS 9: A Commentary and Suggestions for Future Research

This paper discusses several issues that were raised by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) in their request for information for the post-implementation review (PIR) of the International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 9: Financial instruments – Classification and Measurement. In doing so, we first review the related academic literature and present empirical evidence on the post-adoption impact of IFRS 9. We then discuss conceptual issues associated with the business model and cash flow characteristics assessment in IFRS 9, as well as issues associated with the presentation of fair value changes in other comprehensive income (OCI) and modifications to contractual cash flows. Finally, we identify gaps in the literature and provide suggestions for future research that can help inform accounting standard setters.

Accountability and Financial Management of Mosques Based on ISAK 35 Concerning Financial Reporting of Non-Profit Organizations: Case Study at Al-Ikhlas Mosque

This study aims to find out how accountability for financial management exists at the Al-Ikhlas mosque and to find out how it conforms to ISAK 35 regarding financial reporting of non-profit organizations. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research method. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. According to ISAK 35, the financial statements of non-profit entities include statements of financial position, statements of comprehensive income, statements of cash flows and notes to financial statements. With good cash management, we can provide information to donors and other interested parties. The results of this study indicate that financial management at the Al-Ikhlas Mosque is still not in accordance with ISAK 35 standards, and the recording carried out by mosque administrators is still simple, namely recording income and expenses which are presented every Friday manually. The accountability process, which in this case is the process of disclosing to the congregation, is still not maximally detailed, only conveying the amount of income and expenses without clear details. Even so, the mosque parties have tried to make the best possible disclosure. This is because the management of the mosque does not know the financial recording system based on ISAK 35.