Comprehensive Goals Research Articles

INTERDISCIPLINARIDADE E BNCC: LIMITES E PERSPECTIVAS

The sectorization of thinking, work and performance indicators (generally focused on economic indicators) are obstacles to achieving more comprehensive goals, intensifying fractional work, specialization, the sectoral focus and individualism over the systemic approach. From the above, the need arises to implement a holistic, comprehensive and interdisciplinary vision to solve current problems, which can only be achieved through teamwork. The general objective of this article is to analyze how the BNCC contemplates interdisciplinary practices in its content. According to the BNCC, students must have their education guided by training itineraries capable of integrating curricular knowledge with their professional needs and knowledge necessary for functioning in society. Such itineraries are formed by the structuring axes scientific research, mediation and sociocultural intervention, creative processes and entrepreneurship. Finally, there are many more reflections and criteria that could be made about teaching and learning processes with an interdisciplinary approach, which will be the subject of future work. However, it is possible to conclude by placing special emphasis on the duty of all those who have taken on the responsibility of training new generations to implement scientific and quality teaching in pedagogical practice in order to raise the culture of their students and their reflective development. and critical thinking about the problems and realities of the environment in which they develop and in this aspiration the interdisciplinary conception of education must play a decisive role.

The role of processing goals in second language predictive processing

Abstract This study investigates how second language (L2) learners engage in prediction based on their processing goals. While prediction is a prominent feature of human sentence comprehension in first–language speakers, it remains less understood when and how L2 learners engage in predictive processing. By conducting a visual–world eye–tracking experiment involving Chinese–speaking L2 learners of Korean, we tested the hypothesis that L2 learners determine whether to engage in prediction by evaluating the costs and benefits of anticipatory processing. The experiment specifically focused on the impact of a top–down comprehension goal for L2 learners’ predictive use of an honorific form in Korean by providing them with different types of task instruction. Our results indicated that all groups engaged in predictive processing in early and entire predictive regions. However, in the late predictive region, L2 learners presented with a prediction–oriented task, but not those with a simple comprehension task, actively generated expectations about the honorific status of an upcoming referent. These findings lend support to the utility account of L2 prediction, suggesting that L2 learners’ engagement in prediction depends on their current goals and strategies for processing efficiency.

Role of biochar made from low‐value woody forest residues in ecological sustainability and carbon neutrality

AbstractForest management activities that are intended to improve forest health and reduce the risk of catastrophic fire generate low‐value woody biomass, which is often piled and open‐burned for disposal. This leads to greenhouse gas emissions, long‐lasting burn scars, air pollution, and increased risk of escaped prescribed fire. Converting low‐value biomass into biochar can be a promising avenue for advancing forest sustainability and carbon neutrality. Biochar can be produced either in a centralized facility or by using place‐based techniques that mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and generate a high‐carbon product with diverse applications. This review explores the multifaceted roles of biochar produced from low‐value biomass during forest restoration activities in the context of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and carbon sequestration for climate change mitigation. First, the ecological benefits are evaluated, including soil restoration, nutrient cycling, and vegetation enhancement, which are pivotal for restoring post‐disturbance forest health and enhancing resilience to future disturbance. Second, we evaluate the role of biochar in carbon sequestration and carbon neutrality objectives, which also foster sustainable soil practices and sustainable forest management. In addition, we highlight biochar markets, commercialization, and carbon credit interactions as emerging mechanisms to incentivize biomass utilization for biochar. The integration of biochar made from low‐value woody residues from forest restoration can enhance restoration strategies, engage stakeholders in sustainable land management practices, and mitigate environmental problems while enhancing the resilience of forest ecosystems to future disturbances. The findings underscore the importance of leveraging low‐value woody biomass for biochar production as a strategic resource for achieving comprehensive forest restoration goals and fostering sustainable development in forested landscapes.

Comprehensive undergraduate experiment: determination of phenylurea herbicide in tea by magnetic solid-phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography

Against the backdrop of the Ministry of Education's promotion of new agricultural science construction and interdisciplinary integration, a comprehensive chemistry experiment to enhance the practical skills of students in preparing biomass functional materials and detecting pesticide residues was designed. Natural loofah was utilized as a precursor in synthesizing nitrogen-doped magnetic porous carbon materials, which were then applied in a magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) technique. Subsequently, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to analyze and detect the phenylurea herbicide monuron in tea. The experimental process included material synthesis, characterization, optimization of the MSPE conditions, adsorption performance studies, and HPLC, reflecting its scientific, systematic nature and providing a comprehensive learning platform for students. It not only deepens student understanding of the relationship between material characterization and application, but also improves their experimental design and problem-solving capacities. Moreover, by integrating cutting-edge science, ideological and political education, and experimental training, it not only stimulates student interest in scientific research and cultivates innovative thinking and practical skills, but also strengthens their feelings of social responsibility and historical mission. This approach realizes the comprehensive educational goals of experimental training and lays the foundation for nurturing high-quality talent with a global perspective and sense of social responsibility.

Digital tools and AI: Using technology to monitor carbon emissions and waste at each stage of the supply chain, enabling real-time adjustments for sustainability improvements

The increasing urgency of addressing climate change has necessitated the adoption of innovative technologies to monitor and mitigate carbon emissions and waste throughout the supply chain. This paper explores the role of digital tools and artificial intelligence (AI) in enabling real-time tracking and analysis of environmental impact at each stage of the supply chain. By integrating IoT devices, big data analytics, and machine learning algorithms, organizations can gain comprehensive insights into their operations, identifying key areas where emissions and waste can be reduced. The use of AI-powered predictive analytics allows companies to model various scenarios, optimizing resource allocation and operational efficiency while minimizing environmental footprints. This research also highlights successful case studies where companies have implemented these technologies, resulting in significant sustainability improvements and cost savings. Furthermore, the paper discusses the challenges associated with data integration, system interoperability, and the need for industry-wide standards to ensure effective monitoring and reporting. The importance of stakeholder collaboration is emphasized, as engaging suppliers, customers, and regulatory bodies is essential for achieving comprehensive sustainability goals. Ultimately, this paper advocates for the strategic implementation of digital tools and AI as pivotal enablers of sustainable supply chain management, providing organizations with the capability to adapt to changing environmental regulations and consumer expectations. By leveraging technology to monitor and reduce carbon emissions and waste, businesses can enhance their competitiveness while contributing to a more sustainable future.

Environmentally sustainable health and social care – A proposal for goals and steering for Finland

Abstract Issue Health and social services cause significant environmental impacts. In Finland, national steering towards environmentally sustainable health and social care has been lacking. Description of the problem A multidisciplinary research project (EKO SOTE 2022-2023) was designed to investigate aims and steering mechanisms for environmentally sustainable social and health care in Finland. The project aimed to propose national steering and monitoring mechanisms for stronger environmental sustainability within the sector. Data for the proposal was collected from literature, review of national legislation, interviews, surveys, and co-development events. The project also aimed to calculate the carbon footprint of Finnish health and social care with the EEIO model ENVIMAT. Results It was estimated that health and social care contributed to 6.5% of Finland’s national carbon footprint in 2019, of which the share of health care was 4.2%. The new goal ‘Social and health care is carbon neutral and minimizes the environmental burden by 2035’ was proposed to be incorporated in the national strategic steering. Wellbeing service counties (WSC) as public care providers were suggested to be included as responsible actors in the Finnish Climate Act. National networks and targeted project funding for WSCs were found important. Three sets of indicators were designed for monitoring environmental sustainability: minimum indicators for all WSCs for national monitoring, voluntary indicators for regional monitoring, and indicators for advanced regions to pioneer best practices. Lessons According to the informants, national steering for environmentally sustainable health and social care is urgently needed. The national goal should be ambitious, wide-ranging, and feasible, and cover environmental aspects broadly. The steering requires multiple mechanisms: normative, strategic, informational, and economic. WSCs should be empowered to develop suitable means to achieve the national goal. Key messages • The project provided an ambitious, feasible, and comprehensive national goal and steering model for reducing the environmental impact of health and social care in Finland. • Collaborative efforts and joint steering model could advance environmental sustainability in health and social care.

Workload Indicator Staffing Need (WISN) as A Method for Analyzing Clinic Health Personnel Needs in Surakarta

Introduction: Health Human Resources (HR) has an important role in providing health services to the community. HR management has a positive effect on organizational performance. Lack of health human resources is an important obstacle in achieving the highest level of health and as a result will limit opportunities to achieve comprehensive health goals. Health workforce planning is an important element in health service planning in building a responsive and efficient health service system. The use of workforce planning methods can contribute to the analysis and decision-making process for allocating the right number of professionals. WISN as a workload-based method can provide more accurate staff needs. This method has been used in various countries and has proven its significance in policy making regarding recruitment, distribution, training and reduction of human resources. Objective: This research aims to analyze the need for health workers at the Surakarta City Clinic using the WISN method. Method: This type of research is descriptive qualitative using interview methods with respondents and observation. The research was conducted at the 'Aisyiyah Medical Center Surakarta Clinic. The data was processed using qualitative data analysis and simple statistical techniques. Result: The research results showed that the need for health workers at the AMC Clinic based on the WISN method was 1 Dentist, 2 General Practitioners, 2 Nurses, 2 Midwives and 1 Pharmacy Personnel, this shows that the Clinic has an excess number of General Practitioner health workers but a shortage of Nurses. Conclusion: The workload of General Practitioners and Dentists is low, the workload of Midwives and Pharmacy Personnel is normal, and the workload of Nurses is high.

Generalized robust goal programming model

This study proposes a concise and generalized robust goal programming (RGP) model that simultaneously considers three types of goal functions – right-side penalties, left-side penalties, and both-side penalties – under uncertainties on both the left-hand side and right-hand side. It integrates common uncertainty sets for a comprehensive goal programming model. Experimental results reveal that our model consistently outperforms existing RGP models by incurring fewer penalties, demonstrating enhanced resilience and robustness. This advantage becomes evident when problem coefficients such as costs, profits, and human resource requirements deviate significantly from their default target levels due to real-world conditions. The proposed model not only extends the robustness of traditional goal programming and weighted fuzzy goal programming but also offers improved risk management across various practical scenarios.

Predicting the dynamics of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in coastal regions of Africa: vulnerability index and adverse ecological pathways from remote-sensed variables.

This study aimed to predict the dynamics of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contamination and ecological vulnerability within coastal regions of Africa utilizing time-averaged remote-sensed data patterns from 2020 to 2023. The analysis identified PFAS contamination hotspots along the coast of Africa, particularly in western Africa around Nigeria and in areas spanning Equatorial Guinea and Guinea-Bissau, with risk influenced by eastward wind patterns, overland runoff, and elevated aerosol optical depth (AOD) values. Regional trends indicated that variations in solar energy absorption and surface air temperature could influence PFAS dynamics in North Africa, South Africa, East Africa, and West Africa. In North Africa, intermediate overland runoff and lower sea-surface temperatures were observed. In South Africa, there were intermediate runoff levels and warmer sea-surface temperatures. East Africa experienced intermediate runoff as well. In West Africa, there was increased susceptibility to high overland runoff and aerosol-related PFAS contamination. From the weighted vulnerability index, significant disparities in environmental conditions across African coastal regions revealed that North Africa had relatively lower vulnerability, while West Africa had the highest susceptibility to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contamination. This study emphasizes the necessity for region-specific vulnerability index models and targeted mitigation strategies to address diverse ecological and health risks from PFAS contamination along the African coast. Regional and international collaboration, spearheaded by organizations such as the AU and ECOWAS, is essential, with tailored policies aligned with the SDGs, Agenda 2063, and NEPAD crucial for effective environmental management, urging policymakers to prioritize cooperation and resource sharing for comprehensive sustainability goals.

Application of Landscape Smart Lighting in Construction Projects

Currently, to effectively construct high-quality smart cities and achieve comprehensive governance goals, various industries must embrace the transformation and upgrading of traditional management methods through the integration of new technologies. Among these, landscape smart lighting serves as a crucial tool for advancing smart city development. By judiciously applying this technology, it is possible to enhance traditional lighting methods and offer people novel experiences in their daily lives. Recognizing this importance, this article analyzes and organizes the content of landscape smart lighting, delves into its system characteristics, and summarizes its principles and practices in the field of architectural engineering as practical references for application scenarios.

The Role of Private School Principle in Elementary Schools in Implementing Sekolah Penggerak

The Sekolah Penggerak program is designed to enhance educational outcomes through structured support for principals, school supervisors, and teachers. This study aims to delineate the role of elementary school principals in fostering independent learning via enhanced learning processes within the Sekolah Penggerak framework. This qualitative study employed a phenomenological design to explore the perspectives of various stakeholders. Participants included school principals, eight teachers, two supervisors, and ten students. Data were collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGD), interviews, observations, and document analysis. The credibility of the data was ensured through dual triangulation methods: source and method triangulation. Data analysis followed a three-step inductive process: data reduction, data display, and verification, concluding with the synthesis of findings. Findings highlight two principal aspects of the Sekolah Penggerak program: (1) the pivotal role of the principal in enhancing the school ecosystem and (2) the principal’s leadership in activating school human resources as learning leaders. The study emphasizes the importance of In-House Training (IHT) activities, which are pivotal in increasing teacher capacity and include differentiation learning, mapping of children’s learning needs, reflective practices, and follow-up actions based on reflective outcomes. The results underscore the effectiveness of principal-led initiatives in supporting flexible and targeted learning enhancements. Through the strategic use of IHT, principals play a crucial role in both improving teaching practices and ensuring the active involvement of the entire learning community in achieving comprehensive educational goals. The Sekolah Penggerak program significantly contributes to the professional development of educators and the operational optimization of schools, affirming the crucial role of leadership in achieving educational excellence.

Development and validation of a stakeholder-driven, self-contained electronic informed consent platform for trio-based genomic research studies.

Increasingly long and complex informed consents have yielded studies demonstrating comparatively low participant comprehension and satisfaction with traditional face-to-face approaches. In parallel, interest in electronic consents for clinical and research genomics has steadily increased, yet limited data are available for trio-based genomic discovery studies. We describe the design, development, implementation, and validation of an electronic iConsent application for trio-based genomic research deployed to support genomic studies of cerebral palsy. iConsent development incorporated stakeholder perspectives including researchers, patient advocates, institutional review board members, and genomic data-sharing considerations. The iConsent platform integrated principles derived from prior electronic consenting research and elements of multimedia learning theory. Participant comprehension was assessed in an interactive teachback format. The iConsent application achieved nine of ten proposed desiderata for effective patient-focused electronic consenting for genomic research. Overall, participants demonstrated high comprehension and retention of key human subjects' considerations. Enrollees reported high levels of satisfaction with the iConsent, and we found that participant comprehension, iConsent clarity, privacy protections, and study goal explanations were associated with overall satisfaction. Although opportunities exist to optimize iConsent, we show that such an approach is feasible, can satisfy multiple stakeholder requirements, and can realize high participant satisfaction and comprehension while increasing study reach.

The Construction of Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities under the Concept of “Three Comprehensive Education”

Interviews with ideological and political educators in local colleges and universities, along with extensive student research, reveal challenges in constructing ideological and political teams at colleges and universities. In response, the spirit of enhancing the quality of independent talent training advocated by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has been utilized. Moreover, leveraging the advantages of teacher characteristics, relevant countermeasures, and suggestions are proposed. The aim is to enhance the construction of ideological and political teams in colleges and universities while fully embracing the concept of “Three comprehensive education,” thus providing more impactful guidance and enlightenment. These measures will not only assist colleges and universities in achieving more comprehensive talent training goals but also emphasize the unique value of teachers in training character development.

Enhancing Lubrication Efficiency and Wear Resistance in Mechanical Systems through the Application of Nanofluids: A Comprehensive Review

Due to its potential to increase lubrication effectiveness and reduce wear, nanofluids have drawn substantial interest in the field of mechanical systems. Colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles dispersed across a base fluid to create nanofluids. This comprehensive study's goal is to examine recent developments, scientific discoveries, and possible applications of nanofluids in tribology. The scientific and technical characteristics of materials which move in relation to one another are the subject of the academic topic of tribology. The aim of this review paper includes a thorough investigation of phenomena like lubrication mechanism, wear and friction. Because of their unique features at the nanoscale, nanoparticles offer a special opportunity to mitigate enduring problems in tribological systems. This review critically evaluates the process utilized to create nanofluids, examines their tribological properties, and considers how they affect the effectiveness of how mechanical systems function. The higher lubrication effectiveness and wear resistance are the main points of attention. This study also investigates several methods for characterizing nanofluids to examine their behavior. The assessment also emphasizes important elements that affect the effectiveness of nanofluids, including the composition, concentration, size, and choice of nanoparticles, in addition to the choice of the base fluid. This study examines many problems and probable future endeavors within the industry, encompassing inquiries pertaining to long-term durability, and scalability. The primary objective of this review paper is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current state of nanofluid research within the domain of tribology. The objective is to foster further progress and encourage the extensive adoption of nanofluids as an innovative lubricating technology.

Multidimensional effect analysis of typical country park construction in Shanghai

In the history of country park studies, little attention has been given to evaluating the vitality of country parks, the comprehensive ecological, living and production benefits of country park construction, and the change in the carbon emission effect. The goal of this article will be to address these three issues. Based on multisource data, a country park vitality index system, regional comprehensive benefit evaluation index system and land use carbon emission estimation model were constructed to conduct quantitative estimation. The results showed that (1) the popularity index rather than the accessibility index was the key component of the vitality of country parks, followed by the connectivity index and the land use diversity index. (2) Ecological space and public open space in most of the whole land consolidation areas that centred on country park construction were significantly expanded, traffic accessibility and housing conditions were significantly improved, population agglomeration and landscape diversity index tended to increase, and the comprehensive goal of synergistic improvement in production, living and ecological benefits was achieved. (3) The whole land consolidation area dominated by country park construction had a better carbon emission reduction effect. Reducing inefficient construction land and increasing forestland are important measures to reduce carbon sources and increase carbon sinks. The results of this study have guiding value for the improvement of country park planning and construction and the optimization of the whole land consolidation area in Shanghai.

From Greenwashing to Green Branding: Navigating the Thin Line

This article explores the complex process of transitioning from greenwashing to establishing a genuinely green brand, acknowledging the growing importance of authenticity in corporate sustainability efforts. Through a holistic approach, companies are urged to conduct comprehensive sustainability audits, set clear and measurable goals, and communicate transparently about past practices. The journey entails substantial investments in sustainable practices, third-party certifications, and employee engagement, emphasizing the collaborative nature of sustainable efforts. Product transparency, long-term commitment, and innovation emerge as pivotal components, ensuring companies not only rectify past mistakes but also contribute meaningfully to global sustainability. This transformative journey, outlined with ten actionable steps, positions companies as genuine champions of environmental responsibility.

Diffusion of Solar PV Energy in Italy: Can Large-Scale PV Installations Trigger the Next Growth Phase?

The National Energy and Climate Plans (NECPs) of the EU Member States have established comprehensive goals for 2030 to speed up the process of energy transition. Though Italy was an innovator in the area of photovoltaics (PV) up until 2014, the subsequent collapse and stagnation of its PV market have revealed an intrinsic fragility, which makes reaching international targets in the future unclear. This study used the Generalized Bass Model in a multi-phase extension to offer insights into and perspectives on the Italian PV market with the use of new data at finer temporal and market-size scales. Our model-based evidence suggests the possibility of a remarkable structural change corresponding to the “reboot” period after the pandemic crisis. In this period, small- and large-scale PV adoption, after years of parallel pathways, have taken largely different routes. On the one hand, small-scale adoption exhibited a fast decline with the end of the post-COVID-19 incentive programs, thus confirming the traditional “addiction to incentive” issue. On the other hand, during the “reboot” period, large-scale installations showed, for the first time, symptoms of exponential growth. This is consistent with the possibility that, finally, this sector is on an autonomous growth path. The latter evidence might represent a critically important novelty in the Italian PV landscape, where firms—rather than households—take the lead in the process. Nonetheless, future public monitoring and guidance are both urgent requirements to avoid a further catastrophic fall in the residential PV market and to make the sustained growth of the large-scale PV industry a robust phenomenon.

Instructional Content and Self-Determination in Individualized Education Program Annual Goals for Students With Extensive Support Needs.

Under the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act, individualized education program (IEP) annual goals are required to enable students with disabilities to be involved in and make progress in the general education curriculum and to address other educational needs. This study reports findings from a content analysis of the annual goals in 88 IEPs for K-12 students with extensive support needs. Results reflect a lack of comprehensive academic content goals to promote involvement and progress in the general education curriculum, and limited opportunities for students to develop skills associated with self-determination. Findings also show a focus within goals on student compliance rather than the development of meaningful skills and knowledge. Implications for research and practice are provided.

Science and sociality: achieving the social dimensions of science through contextualization of secondary school classroom instruction

This position paper is predicated on two focus areas. First, it recognises that scientific inquiry is performed in social situations and questions whether and how standard epistemology can be augmented to tackle this aspect. Within this focus, the goals of science education are reviewed. The second focus addresses sociality as an essential feature of knowledge and questions how standard epistemology can be reformed from this generally social perspective. Specifically, this study on one hand addresses the social dimension of science education, and on the other hand, examines the suitability of instructional contextualisation as a possible strategy to achieve the social dimensions of science education. The aim is to initiate a conversation about the importance of framing science education studies and experiences within the sociocultural context of interests and needs to achieve reliable participation of all concerned. To this end, this paper argues that science education ought to place considerable emphasis on students’ acquisition of values and skills of sociality. Furthermore, a comprehensive goal of science education should constitute both the normative and the non-normative aspects of science with a particular emphasis on the development of character formation, moral values, creativity skills and competences. There is, therefore, a need for an examination of the social dimensions of science education and its curriculum implications, especially as science education serves as the nexus between science and society.

Getting beyond Net Zero dashboards in the information technology sector

This perspective is inspired by current affairs in corporate social responsibility reporting in large technology companies, specifically the deployment of new software services to track carbon emissions in pursuit of Net Zero commitments. Drawing on first-hand observation of this practice over several years of employment in a US multinational firm, we focus on the carbon emissions dashboard as a representative example of key problems with the dominant approach to sustainability targets in the Information Technology (IT) sector. First, the ways in which green software tools and carbon accounting distract from more substantial climate action from business. Second, the reliance on tools that reinforce the hallmarks of petroculture – energy efficiency and productivity – irrespective of resource use and materials depletion. And third, the growing consensus on sustainability promoted by technology monopolies whose latest AI products clearly increase energy demand. We conclude with an invitation to energy social scientists to become more active in leveraging their expertise to develop comprehensive sustainability goals for the technology sector.