Compounds Con Research Articles

EFFECT OF ANAEROBIC DIGESTATES APPLICATION ON QUALITATIVE TRAITS IN EARLY AND LATE CAULIFLOWER

The use of anaerobic digestates coming from organic matrices as fertilizers, in reference to qualitative and nutritional traits in cauliflower was evaluated. These matrices plays nowadays an increasing importance since they could be employed as a source of organic matter and nutrients to the soil. The sludge used derived from the anaerobic digestion of plant material as by product obtained from fruit distillation. The experiment was conducted at the University of Padova considering two varieties of cauliflower (early and late). The following treatments were considered: control unfertilized (F0), treatment with mineral fertilizers (FMIN) in which the 100% of the nitrogen requirement was supplied in mineral form, 50% of the nitrogen requirement was made in mineral form and the remaining demand with digestate (F50), 75 % of nitrogen requirements was supplied with digestate (F75) and 100% of demand in nitrogen was supplied through digestate (F100). Dry matter content, antioxidant capacity (AOA), total phenols (TP), ascorbic acid (AA), phenolic acids, organic nitrogen and nitrate (NO3) were evaluated as qualitative traits in corymb. It was also determined the quantity of Al, Ca, Cu, K, Mg, P, Zn and heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb). Concerning the dry matter content, F0 plants and the early variety showed higher values. About AOA, TP, AA and phenolic acids all treatments showed high values and none of them was influenced by fertilization. Antioxidant compounds con¬tent was affected also by genotype and the early variety showed the highest values. In assessing the percentage of organic nitrogen and NO3 values, no differences were found in the first case and the NO3 content was very low in all treatments. Heavy metals content was very low or absent in the edible part. High levels of mineral compounds were found in early cultivar and they were not influenced by digestate application.

Efek Antidiabetes dan Identifikasi Senyawa Dominan Fraksi Kloroform Herba Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.)

Antidiabetic activity of ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) herb has been widely observed, as an extracts and infusions, proven to reduce blood sugar levels in rats or mice induced by alloxan. The research objective was to evaluate the antidiabetic effect and identify the content of the chloroform fraction ciplukan herb eluated with methanol-ammonia. An- tidiabetic effects testing conducted using 30 male white mice (Mus musculus) ddY strain were divided into 6 groups, each consisting of 5 mice. K-1 is a negative control induced by alloxan, K-2, K-3 and K-4 induced by alloxan and treated with the test substance dose of 50 mg/kg bw/day, 100 mg/ kg bw/day, 200 mg/kg bw/day, K-5 is a positive control, induced by alloxan and treated with metformin dose of 65 mg/kg bw, K-6 as normal controls . Each mouse blood samples taken on day 7 and day 14, to test their blood sugar levels. Data were analyzed using one-way anova and multiple differences test. Identification of the content of the chloroform fraction eluated with methanol-ammonia, carried out by gas chroma- tography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that all three doses showed a decrease in blood sugar levels significantly at day 7 , but the decline has not reach normal levels. Blood sugar levels drop significantly and the decline has reached normal occurred on day 14. Dominant content of the chloroform fraction eluated with methanol-ammonia is a class of unsaturated fatty acid chain length is Hexanoic acid, C16H1202, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, C17H3402, 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester, C19H3602, Oleic acid butyl ester, C22H4202, 9-octadecenoic acid, C19H3602, Octadecanoic acid, C18H3602, 1,2-Benzendicarboxylic acid, C8H604, and Aplysterylacetate, C31H5202. Another result is that Nordextromethorphan alkaloid compound, Cl 7H23NO. The conclusion is chloro- form fraction of ciplukan herb has antidiabetic effects and has a class of compounds con- tent of unsaturated fatty acids, Aplysterylacetate and alkaloid Nordextromethorphan.

Modeling of heats of combustion and shale oil yields in oil shale semicoking

15 Oil shale is a promising source for power generation and chemical production. Information on the proper ties and chemical composition of oil shale mined from various deposits has been summarized in [1]. Among the oil shale properties, heats of combustion and shale oil yields in oil shale semicoking as a function of com position, different in different deposits, are of great practical interest. In this work, we made an attempt to model these properties as a function of chemical com position of oil shale. In searching for quantitative structure–property relationships (QSPR [2–4]) for organic compounds, topological indices are commonly used [5, 6]. How ever, in our case, the structures of all compounds con stituting oil shale are unknown; therefore, only the elemental composition of oil shale was used as descriptors. Only the contents of C, H, N, S, and organic substances reported in [1] were taken into account. Table 1 presents the characteristics of oil shale samples from different deposits, and Table 2 summa rizes information on their chemical composition [1, pp. 140–143]. It is worth noting that data in [1] are expressed in different units: for S, in percentage of the CHEMISTRY

Kinetic of Transport of Technogenic Ecotoxicants through Model Membranes

The kinetics of ecotoxicant transport through the membrane was studied. The ecotoxicants studied were pecticides widely used in agriculture: lontrel (clopyralid), sencor (metribuzin), basagran (bentazon), roundup (glyphosate), kusagard (alloxydim sodium), and sethoxydim, as well as lontrel complexes with cobalt and copper. All compounds considered penetrate through the model phosphatidylcholine liposomal membranes. The transfer rate was monitored by fluorescence quenching of ?-ATP inside the liposomes. The mathematical model for the process was proposed, and the mass transfer rates were calculated. The octanol/water partition constants were determined. All the compounds con- sidered were shown to accumulate in the fatty layer. The kinetics of their accumulation was studied, and the rates of accumulation in the nonpolar phase were calculated, which correlate with the complexation constants of the same compounds. Bioaccumulation of the toxicants is caused by the formation of complexes with the fatty phase (lipid part) of the cellular membranes. The toxicants under study transferred into the nonpolar phase with a considerable rate dur- ing the whole observation time, namely, 18 months.

NMR Spectra of59Co and14N in CoN

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of 59 Co and 14 N in CoN with a zincblende type structure were carried out in the temperature range from 4.2 K to room temperature. NMR Spectra of 59 Co are obtained from Free Induction Decay (FID) signals in a static field of 6.3068 T. NMR Spectra of 14 N are obtained by spin–echo method in the same static field. The temperature variations of Knight shifts are derived from resonance peak positions at various temperatures. In this experiment, it is found that the temperature variations of Knight shifts are very small. Therefore, it is concluded that the compound CoN has Pauli paramagnetism. This is consistent with the result of the temperature-independent susceptibility.

ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of the Compound CoN.

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Crystal structure and magnetic properties of the compound CoN

The compound CoN was prepared as a single phase by the d.c. reactive sputtering. Its crystal structure determined by X-ray diffraction measurements is the zinc blende type f.c.c. structure. The compound CoN is stable up to 504 K and decomposes into CoN+δ-Co2N above 509 K. This compound exhibits a Pauli paramagnetic character.

Intermediates in the Palladium-Catalyzed Reaction of 1,3-Dienes, Part 6 [1

The structure of the (1,3-butadiene)M(R2PC2H4PR2) compounds (M = Ni, Pd, Pt; R = Pri, Bu′, Cy) in the solid-state have been investigated by 13C and 31P CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy. The bonding mode adopted by the diene is dependent upon the nature of the metal: the palladium compounds contain an η2-diene molecule, the nickel compound where R is cyclohexyl contains an η4-diene molecule whereas the Pr2 iPC2H4PPr2 i-stabilized platinum compound con- tains a platinacyclopentene ring. The crystal structures of (η2-1,3-C4H6)Pd(Cy2PC2H4PCy2) and (η4-1,3-C4H6)Ni(Cy2PC2H4PCy2) have been confirmed by X-ray diffraction.

Use of COALDATA to help retrieve and estimate the physical properties of coals, coal liquids and coal chemicals

COALDATA, a factual databank of the properties of coal samples, coal liquids (distillation cuts from coal liquefaction products) and coal chemicals (pure chemical compounds con tained in the coal liquids) was developed. It contains data on: (i) physical properties of coals, such as calonfic values, ash content, ash properties, maceral analyses, ultimate analyses. (ii) thermophysical properties of coal liquids and coal chem icals, e.g. vapour pressures, vapour-liquid-equilibrium data, heat capacities, transport properties, surface ten sions, densities. The databank is managed by DECHEMA's Data Retrieval System DEDARS, which stores numerical data as well as non-numerical data, such as bibliographic information. Data and substances are labelled by "tags" which characterize the kind of stored data and substances. All the information is organized in the form of documents. Each document refers, for example, to a scientific paper or book and is composed of a bibliographic part, a list of descriptors, an abstract, a compo nent description, numerical values and their units. Besides literature data COALDATA contains recom mended property values. These are stored as regression coeffi cients and with the help of implemented correlation methods it is possible to calculate the properties.

Crystal structure of Bis(tri-2-pyridylamine)cobalt(II) diperchlorate

The crystal structure of the title compound, [Co((C5H4N)3N)2] (ClO4)2, has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction at 295(1) K, i.e. in its pseudo-'high-spin' form, and refined by least squares to a residual of 0.061 for 4639 'observed' reflections. Crystals are monoclinic, P21/a, a 12.811(7), b 17.644(7), c 8.375(4) Ǻ, β 120.15(3)°, Z 2. Whereas in the iron(II) ('low-spin') analogue, the metal atom coordination geometry deviates only trivially from octahedral (<Fe-N> 1.982 Ǻ, <N-Fe-N> within the one ligand 88.1°), in the present compound Co-N ranges from 2.100(2) to 2.152(2) Ǻ and the intraligand N-Co-N angles range from 84.86(7) to 86.09(8)°.