Compound Xueshuantong Capsule Research Articles

The comparative effects of oral Chinese patent medicines in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy: A Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), a common diabetic complication with high morbidity, is featured by impaired visual function and fundus lesions. It has been reported that oral Chinese patent medicines (OCPMs) may improve visual acuity and fund signs. However, the best possible OCPMs for NPDR remain questionable and merit further investigation. From inception to October 20, 2022, seven databases were searched for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The outcomes were clinical effective rate, visual acuity, visual field gray value, microaneurysm volume, hemorrhage area, macular thickness, and adverse events rate. The revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (ROB 2) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Network meta-analysis was performed using R 4.1.3 and STATA 15.0 software. We included 42 RCTs with 4,858 patients (5,978 eyes). The Compound Danshen Dripping Pill (CDDP) combined with calcium dobesilate (CD) had the most improvement in clinical efficacy rate (SUCRA, 88.58%). The Compound Xueshuantong Capsule (CXC) combined with CD may be the best intervention (SUCRA, 98.51%) for the improvement of visual acuity. CDDP alone may be the most effective treatment option (SUCRA, 91.83%) for improving visual field gray value. The Hexuemingmu Tablet (HXMMT) and Shuangdan Mingmu Capsule (SDMMC) combined with CD may be the most effective treatment for reducing microaneurysm volume and hemorrhage area (SUCRA, 94.48%, and 86.24%), respectively. Referring to reducing macular thickness, CXC combined with CD ranked first (SUCRA, 86.23%). Moreover, all OCPMs did not cause serious adversereactions. OCPMs are effective and safe for NPDR. CDDP alone, and combined with CD, may be the most effective in improving visual field gray value and clinical efficacy rate, respectively; CXC combined with CD may be the best in enhancing BCVA and reducing macular thickness; HXMMT and SDMMC combined with CD, maybe the most effective regarding microaneurysm volume and hemorrhage area, respectively. However, the reporting of methodology in the primary study is poor, potential biases may exist when synthesizing evidence and interpreting the results. The current findings need to be confirmed by more large-sample, double-blind, multi-center RCTs of rigorous design and robust methods in the future. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022367867.

Efficacy of compound Xueshuantong capsule combined with citicoline in the treatment of glaucoma optic nerve atrophy.

Efficacy of compound Xueshuantong capsule combined with citicoline in the treatment of glaucoma optic nerve atrophy.

Intervention of Compound Xueshuantong Capsule on the incidence of heart failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI based on the combination of disease and syndrome: A multi-center, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.

Heart failure (HF), manifested as a severe or end stage of various cardiac diseases, is characterized by increased incidence, mortality, re-hospitalization, and economic burden. Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common and important causes of HF. Since 2005, acute MI (AMI)-associated mortality in China has been on the rise, and MI accounts for 23.1% of the causes of HF. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has the unique advantages of controlling angina pectoris and HF symptoms, and improving patients' quality of life. Compound Xueshuantong Capsule (CXSTC), also named as Fufang Xueshuantong Capsule, has the effect of increasing cardiac output and protecting myocardial function. In this trial, we aim to investigate the efficacy and safety of CXSTC in the prophylactic treatment of post-infarction HF and attempt to provide a clinical evidence-based basis for the prophylactic treatment of HF after AMI using TCM. This will be a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-parallel controlled trial. A total of 300 patients diagnosed with AMI and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention within 12 hours of diagnosis will be randomized 1:1 into 2 groups: the control group that will be administered conventional Western medicine plus placebo and the trial group that will be administered XST along with the conventional Western medicine. The duration of treatment will be 3 months and the follow-up will be up to 6 months for both groups. The main efficacy indicator is the incidence of HF. The secondary efficacy indicators are cardiac function classification, 6-minute walk test score, TCM syndrome score, survival quality score, brain natriuretic peptide level, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein level, and cardiac ultrasound result. Data will be collected to analyze the underlying mechanisms by using IBM SPSS 23.0 software. By investigating the efficacy and safety of CXSTC, this study will provide a clinical evidence base for the use of TCM in the prophylactic treatment of post-infarction HF.

Clinical Effect of Laser Treatment Combined with Compound Xueshuantong Capsule in the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy

Objective: To determine the clinical value of compound Xueshuantong capsule in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy on the basis of laser treatment. Methods: Data were collected from 98 patients with diabetic retinopathy from February 2021 to February 2022. They were divided into two groups by drawing lots. The experimental group was treated with compound Xueshuantong capsule and laser treatment, whereas the control group was treated with laser treatment alone. Results: The absorption of exudation, resolution of retinal edema, and absorption of bleeding took longer in the control group; the incidence of visual acuity recovery to more than 0.5 and the patients’ blood glucose levels were better in the experimental group, p < 0.05. Conclusion: For patients with diabetic retinopathy, laser treatment combined with compound Xueshuantong capsule can effectively improve the visual function and rehabilitation efficiency of patients with diabetic retinopathy as well as stabilize their blood sugar levels. It has high clinical application value.

Network Pharmacology-Based Approach to Comparatively Predict the Active Ingredients and Molecular Targets of Compound Xueshuantong Capsule and Hexuemingmu Tablet in the Treatment of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

Background Compound Xueshuantong capsule (CXC) and Hexuemingmu tablet (HXMMT) are two important Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) frequently used to treat proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), especially when complicated with vitreous hemorrhage (VH). However, a network pharmacology approach to understand the therapeutic mechanisms of these two CPMs in PDR has not been applied. Objective To identify differences in the active ingredients between CXC and HXMMT and to comparatively predict and further analyze the molecular targets shared by these CPMs and PDR. Materials and methods. The differentially expressed messenger RNAs (mRNAs) between normal retinal tissues in healthy individuals and active fibrovascular membranes in PDR patients were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The active ingredients of CXC and HXMMT and the targets of these ingredients were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database. The intersections of the CPM (CXC and HXMMT) targets and PDR targets were determined. Then, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed, and the ingredient-target networks, protein-protein interaction networks, and KEGG-target (KEGG-T) networks were constructed. Results CXC contains 4 herbs, and HXMMT contains 19. Radix salviae is the only herb common to both. CXC had 34 potential therapeutic targets in PDR, while HXMMT had these 34 and 10 additional targets. Both CPMs shared the following main processes: response to reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress, regulation of blood vessel diameter and size, vasoconstriction, smooth muscle contraction, hemostasis, and blood coagulation. The shared pathways included the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, TNF signaling pathway, relaxin signaling pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway. Conclusions Both CXC and HXMMT include components effective at treating PDR and affect the following main processes: response to reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress, regulation of blood vessels, and blood coagulation. Radix salviae, the only herb common to both CPMs, contains many useful active ingredients. The PDR-CXC and PDR-HXMMT networks shared 34 common genes (RELA, HSPA8, HSP90AA, HSP90AB1, BRCA, EWSR1, CUL7, HNRNPU, MYC, CTNNB1, MDM2, YWHAZ, CDK2, AR, FN1, HUWE1, TP53, TUBB, EP300, GRB2, VCP, MCM2, EEF1A1, NTRK1, TRAF6, EGFR, PRKDC, SRC, HDAC5, APP, ESR1, AKT1, UBC, and COPS5), and the PDR-HXMMT network has 10 additional genes (RNF2, VNL, RPS27, COPS5, XPO1, PARP1, RACK1, YWHAB, and ITGA4). The top 5 pathways with the highest gene ratio in both networks were the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, TNF signaling pathway, relaxin signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, and focal adhesion. Additional pathways such as neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, and AMPK signaling pathway were enriched with HXMMT targets. Thus, HXMMT has more therapeutic targets shared by different active ingredients and more abundant gene functions than CXC, which may be two major reasons why HXMMT is more strongly recommended than CXC as an auxiliary treatment for new-onset VH secondary to PDR. However, the underlying mechanisms still need to be further explored.

近红外分析技术应用于复方血栓通胶囊三七浓缩过程的快速质量检测

近红外分析技术应用于复方血栓通胶囊三七浓缩过程的快速质量检测

Exploring the Mechanism of Action Compound-Xueshuantong Capsule in Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment Based on Network Pharmacology.

Materials and Methods The components with oral bioavailability ≥30% and drug similarity ≥0.18 were screened by the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), and the effective grouping of Compound-Xueshuantong Capsule was obtained. At the same time, the targets of each drug active component in the Compound-Xueshuantong Capsule were obtained by searching the TCMSP. The effective components and targets of the Compound-Xueshuantong Capsule were annotated by the UniProt database, and the disease treatment targets were searched by the GeneCards database. The disease treatment target is intersected with the drug target and the Wayne diagram is drawn by VennDiagram. The active ingredient targets of the intersection and Compound-Xueshuantong Capsule were inputted into Cytoscape 3.7.2 software to construct the active ingredient-target-disease interaction network. The above targets were inputted into the String database for protein-protein interaction network prediction. Finally, by using the DAVID database, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was carried out to reveal the potential signal pathway of the Compound-Xueshuantong Capsule in diabetic retinopathy treatment. Results 93 active components of the Compound-Xueshuantong Capsule and 92 targets for treating diabetic retinopathy were screened. The main active components of the Compound-Xueshuantong Capsule in treating diabetic retinopathy were quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, beta-sitosterol, isorhamnetin, and tanshinone IIa. The effect of the Compound-Xueshuantong Capsule on diabetic retinopathy may be related to IL6, EFGR, CASP3, and VEGFA. In addition, the treatment of diabetic retinopathy mainly involves in the regulation of nuclear receptors and transcription factors in vivo. The target of the Compound-Xueshuantong Capsule in diabetic retinopathy treatment is significantly enriched in the AGE-RAGE signal pathway, TNF signal pathway, HIF-1 signal pathway, and VEGF signal pathway in diabetic complications. Conclusion Compound-Xueshuantong Capsule can treat diabetic retinopathy through multitarget, multipathway, and multipathway regulation of the biomolecular network. The potential biological mechanism of the Compound-Xueshuantong Capsule in diabetic retinopathy treatment may be related to the AGE-RAGE signal pathway, TNF signal pathway, HIF-1 signal pathway, and VEGF signal pathway in diabetic complications, but these findings still need to be confirmed by further clinical research.

Data-Dependent Acquisition and Database-Driven Efficient Peak Annotation for the Comprehensive Profiling and Characterization of the Multicomponents from Compound Xueshuantong Capsule by UHPLC/IM-QTOF-MS.

The state of the art ion mobility quadrupole time of flight (IM-QTOF) mass spectrometer coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) can offer four-dimensional information supporting the comprehensive multicomponent characterization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Compound Xueshuantong Capsule (CXC) is a four-component Chinese patent medicine prescribed to treat ophthalmic disease and angina. However, research systematically elucidating its chemical composition is not available. An approach was established by integrating reversed-phase UHPLC separation, IM-QTOF-MS operating in both the negative and positive electrospray ionization modes, and a “Component Knockout” strategy. An in-house ginsenoside library and the incorporated TCM library of UNIFITM drove automated peak annotation. With the aid of 85 reference compounds, we could separate and characterize 230 components from CXC, including 155 ginsenosides, six astragalosides, 16 phenolic acids, 16 tanshinones, 13 flavonoids, six iridoids, ten phenylpropanoid, and eight others. Major components of CXC were from the monarch drug, Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma. This study first clarifies the chemical complexity of CXC and the results obtained can assist to unveil the bioactive components and improve its quality control.

Curative effect evaluation of compound Xueshuantong capsule combined with calcium dobesilate for patients with early diabetic retinopathy

Curative effect evaluation of compound Xueshuantong capsule combined with calcium dobesilate for patients with early diabetic retinopathy

Protective effects of traditional Chinese herbal formula Compound Xueshuantong Capsule (CXC) on rats with blood circulation disorders

ABSTRACTCompound Xueshuantong Capsule (CXC) is a traditional Chinese herbal formula composed of root of Panax pseudoginseng var. notoginseng (Burkill) G. Hoo & C.L. Tseng, root of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus (Bunge) P.K. Hsiao, root of Salvia miltiorrhiza var. charbonnelii (H. Lév.) C.Y. Wu, and root of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. CXC was approved by the China Food and Drug Administration in 2003 (No. Z20030017) based on the positive clinical effect in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The present study was designed to elucidate the mode of action of CXC in the regulation of the haemorheology, blood coagulation, oxidative stress and energy metabolism. Rats were placed in ice-cold water (0–4 °C) for 5 min during the time interval (4 h) between two adrenaline injections to induce blood circulation disorders. Blood was collected from abdominal aorta to detect whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, maximum platelet aggregation rate, erythrocyte aggregation index, red corpuscle electrophoresis index, activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time. Myocardial tissue was homogenized to detect total antioxidant capacity, myeloperoxidase, Na+–K+ ATPase, and Ca2+ ATPase. The results indicated that, in addition to preventing haemorheological disorders, CXC could perform anti-platelet and anticoagulant effects, promote total antioxidant capacity and regulate myocardial energy metabolism, which might partly account for its mechanisms of action against cardiovascular diseases.

Clinical observation of laser photocoagulation combined with Compound Xueshuantong capsule on the treatment of retinal vein occlusion

Clinical observation of laser photocoagulation combined with Compound Xueshuantong capsule on the treatment of retinal vein occlusion

Core bioactive components promoting blood circulation in the traditional Chinese medicine compound xueshuantong capsule (CXC) based on the relevance analysis between chemical HPLC fingerprint and in vivo biological effects.

Compound xueshuantong capsule (CXC) is an oral traditional Chinese herbal formula (CHF) comprised of Panax notoginseng (PN), Radix astragali (RA), Salvia miltiorrhizae (SM), and Radix scrophulariaceae (RS). The present investigation was designed to explore the core bioactive components promoting blood circulation in CXC using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and animal studies. CXC samples were prepared with different proportions of the 4 herbs according to a four-factor, nine-level uniform design. CXC samples were assessed with HPLC, which identified 21 components. For the animal experiments, rats were soaked in ice water during the time interval between two adrenaline hydrochloride injections to reduce blood circulation. We assessed whole-blood viscosity (WBV), erythrocyte aggregation and red corpuscle electrophoresis indices (EAI and RCEI, respectively), plasma viscosity (PV), maximum platelet aggregation rate (MPAR), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and prothrombin time (PT). Based on the hypothesis that CXC sample effects varied with differences in components, we performed grey relational analysis (GRA), principal component analysis (PCA), ridge regression (RR), and radial basis function (RBF) to evaluate the contribution of each identified component. Our results indicate that panaxytriol, ginsenoside Rb1, angoroside C, protocatechualdehyde, ginsenoside Rd, and calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside are the core bioactive components, and that they might play different roles in the alleviation of circulation dysfunction. Panaxytriol and ginsenoside Rb1 had close relevance to red blood cell (RBC) aggregation, angoroside C was related to platelet aggregation, protocatechualdehyde was involved in intrinsic clotting activity, ginsenoside Rd affected RBC deformability and plasma proteins, and calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside influenced extrinsic clotting activity. This study indicates that angoroside C, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, panaxytriol, and protocatechualdehyde may have novel therapeutic uses.

Retinal hemodynamic influence of compound xueshuantong capsule on nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy after laser photocoagulation

Retinal hemodynamic influence of compound xueshuantong capsule on nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy after laser photocoagulation

Enhanced separation of Compound Xueshuantong capsule using functionalized carbon nanotubes with cationic surfactant solutions in MEEKC

A novel additive of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) dispersed with cationic surfactants or mixed cationic/anionic surfactants was used for MEEKC separation of eight phenolic compounds, four glycosides, and one phenanthraquinone. In this context, several parameters affecting MEEKC separation were studied, including the dispersion agents of MWNTs, MWNTs content, oil type, SDS concentration, and the type and concentration of cosurfactant. Compared with conventional MEEKC, the addition of all types of MWNTs dispersions using single or mixed cationic surfactant solutions in running buffers was especially useful for improving the separation of solutes tested, as they influenced the partitioning between the oil droplets and aqueous phase due to the exceptional electrical properties and large surface areas of MWNTs. Use of cationic surfactant-coated MWNTs (6.4 μg/mL) as the additive in a microemulsion buffer (0.5% octanol, 2.8% SDS, 5.8% isopropanol, and 5 mM borate buffer) yielded complete resolution of 13 analytes. The proposed method has been successfully applied for the detection and quantification of the studied compounds in a complex matrix sample (Compound Xueshuantong capsule).

Protection effect and mechanism of Compound Xueshuantong Capsule on diabetic nephropathy rats

To explore the renoprotective effect of Compound Xueshuantong Capsule (XST) on diabetic rat model with nephropathy. Twenty-eight male Sprague Dawley diabetic rats were induced to hyperglycaemia (3 days later, fasting blood glucose > 16.7 mmol/L) by peritoneal injection with streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg). And they were divided into four groups: diabetic nephropathy (vehicle treatment), irbesartan (20 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1)), low-dosage XST (900 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1)) and high-dosage XST (1800 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1)). Seven normal rats were used as control. After a 12-week intervention, urine protein was examined. Pathological morphology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE), Masson and (periodic acid Schiff) PAS stains. Blood nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) and urine SOD were detected. And the expression of (matrix metalloproteinase-2) MMP-2 was detected by Western blot in each group. The model rats presented with hyperglycemia, polydipsia, hyperphagia, polyuria and hyper microalbuminuria. The intervention groups showed decreased microalbuminuria and there was no effect on blood glucose or body weight. Glomerular sclerosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) increased in model group and improved in irbesartan and XST groups as judged by HE, Masson and PAS stains. Three intervention groups had no effect on the elevated expression of MMP-2 in diabetic rats. Compared with the model group, the irbesartan, low-dosage and high-dosage XST groups had significantly decreased blood levels of NO ((104.9 ± 11.0) µmol/L vs (41.9 ± 9.6) µmol/L and (14.7 ± 1.9) µmol/L, P < 0.05) and MDA ((19.6 ± 1.6) nmol/L vs (6.6 ± 0.9) mol/L and (4.5 ± 1.2) nmol/L, P < 0.05), increased blood and urine activities of SOD (blood: (222 ± 20)×10(3) vs (231 ± 18)×10(3) and (237 ± 24)×10(3) U/L,P < 0.05), urine: (11.8 ± 1.1)×10(3) vs (23.3 ± 2.0)×10(3) and (25.7 ± 1.8)×10(3) U/L). Compound Xueshuantong Capsule may decrease proteinuria through its suppression of oxidative stress and not its improvement of ECM metabolism.

Toxic effect of TiO&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt; nanoparticles against human lung cancer cell line A549

Objective To investigate the protective effect of compound Xueshuantong capsule against damage of diabetic nephropathy in rat diabetic model.Methods Male SD rats were given intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ)at 60mg/kg, and diabetic rat model was deemed successfully induced when the blood glucose level≥16.7mmol/L 3days after injection.Thirty model rats were randomly divided into the following 3groups equally:diabetic model group(DM),compound Xueshuantongcapsule group(XST),andα-lipoic acid treatment group(ALA).Another 10normal rats served as normal control group(NG).The body weight,blood glucose,blood fat,kidney weight/body weight(KW/BW),24h-urinary protein excretion,urea nitrogen,and serum creatinine were observed and compared between different groups after 12weeks’treatment.The ultrastructure changes of kidney were observed by electron microscopy and light microscope.Results Compared with NG group,rats in DM group had a higher 24h-urinary protein excretion(P0.05),and those in XST group and ALA group had a significantly lower one compared with the DM group(P0.05).Compared with NG group,rats in the other 3groups had a higher KW/BW,with significant difference found between DM group and XST group(P0.05).Electron microscopic results showed uneven glomerular basement membrane thickening, foot process integration,and mesangial cell proliferation in the model group;all the above changes were improved in the XST and ALA groups.Conclusion Compound Xueshuantongcapsule can lower the 24h-urinary protein secretion,decrease KW/BW,and improve the structure of glomerular basement membrane,thus exerting renal protective effect in diabetic rats.