Body Composition Research Articles

Changes in body composition and compliance to dietary intervention of multimodal prehabilitation for patients with colorectal cancer

Changes in body composition and compliance to dietary intervention of multimodal prehabilitation for patients with colorectal cancer

Feasibility of Whole-Body Resistance Training With Social Support Reinforcement for Older Adults Living Alone: A Mixed-Methods Pilot Study.

To examine the feasibility and acceptability of progressive whole-body resistance training with social support reinforcement for older adults living alone. This mixed methods single-group pilot study examined an intervention provided over 3 nonconsecutive days per week for 12 weeks. We evaluated quantitative data on recruitment, uptake, retention, and adherence, and measured pretest and posttest outcome scores on body composition, physical function, and psychosocial health. We conducted a focus group interview to collect qualitative data on participants' perspectives. Seven participants (five women and two men) completed the program (attendance rate = 88.9%). Physical function and psychosocial health improved, but soft lean and skeletal muscle mass decreased. Five themes emerged from the qualitative data. Results support the feasibility and benefits of this intervention program for older adults living alone despite challenges with recruitment and uptake. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50(10), 34-41.].

Gender-Specific Prognostic Impact of Treosulfan Levels in High-Dose Chemotherapy for Multiple Myeloma

Introduction: The growing body of evidence around sexual and gender dimorphism in medicine, particularly in oncology, has highlighted differences in treatment response, outcomes, and side effects between males and females. Differences in drug metabolism, distribution, and elimination, influenced by factors like body composition and enzyme expression, contribute to these variations. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 112 multiple myeloma (MM) patients treated with first-line high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with treosulfan and melphalan (TreoMel) followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) at a single academic center between January 2020 and August 2022. We assessed response rate, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicities in relation to gender and treosulfan exposure. Results: Our analysis revealed significant gender-specific differences in treosulfan exposure. Females had higher peak levels (343.8 vs. 309.0 mg/L, p = 0.0011) and area under the curve (AUC) (869.9 vs. 830.5 mg*h/L, p = 0.0427) compared to males. Higher treosulfan exposure was associated with increased mortality in females but not in males. Females with treosulfan AUC > 900 mg*h/L had significantly shorter overall survival, while PFS was unaffected by treosulfan exposure. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that female patients undergoing TreoMel HDCT have higher treosulfan exposure than males and that females with higher levels are at increased risk for toxicity and adverse outcomes. These data suggest that higher treosulfan doses do not confer a benefit in terms of better outcomes for females. Therefore, exploring lower treosulfan doses for female MM patients undergoing TreoMel HDCT may be warranted to mitigate toxicity and improve outcomes.

Low-volume combined aerobic and resistance high-intensity interval training in type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to compare the effects of novel, time-efficient, low-volume combined aerobic and resistance high-intensity interval training (C-HIIT), and current exercise guidelines (210 min/week of combined...

Effects Of New Zealand Blackcurrant, Body Composition, And Sex On Fat Oxidation During Exercise

Effects Of New Zealand Blackcurrant, Body Composition, And Sex On Fat Oxidation During Exercise

Weighted vest intervention during whole-body circuit training improves serum resistin, insulin resistance, and cardiometabolic risk factors in normal-weight obese women

Background and objectivesObesity is a well-known cause of cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. Normal-weight obesity, where the body mass index(BMI) is within the normal range but the body fat percentage is high, also adversely impacts cardiovascular and metabolic health. This study explored the effects of whole-body circuit training using a weighted vest on serum resistin, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in normal-weight obese women. MethodsThirty-six normal-weight obese women were divided into three groups: Weighted Vest Circuit Training(WVCT)(n = 12), Body Weight Circuit Training(BWCT)(n = 12), and a Control group(CON)(n = 12). Participants in the WVCT and BWCT groups engaged in whole-body circuit training three times per week for eight weeks. Serum resistin, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and insulin resistance were measured before and after the intervention. ResultsThe study revealed significant and impactful findings. There were substantial improvements in body composition(Skeletal Muscle Mass: +7.5 %, p = 0.042, d = 0.80), Serum Resistin(-38.2 %, p = 0.001, d = 0.85), insulin resistance(HOMA-IR: 27.1 %, p < 0.001, d = 0.88), and a reduction in IL-6 levels(-25.4 %, p = 0.082, d = 0.60) in the WVCT group compared to the BWCT and CON groups. The WVCT group outperformed the other groups, demonstrating greater effectiveness in reducing cardiovascular risk factors. ConclusionThese findings have significant implications for healthcare. Whole-body circuit training with weighted vests has effectively improved body composition, reduced serum resistin, and lowered insulin resistance, reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors in normal-weight obese women. These results could inform and enhance the treatment and management of obesity-related cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.

Shaping Up: Body Composition and Police Recruit Performance, a Cross-Sectional Study

Shaping Up: Body Composition and Police Recruit Performance, a Cross-Sectional Study

Myokine Responses To High Intensity Exercise: Relationships With Cardiorespiratory Fitness And Body Composition In Cancer Survivors

Myokine Responses To High Intensity Exercise: Relationships With Cardiorespiratory Fitness And Body Composition In Cancer Survivors

Comparison of basal metabolism and body composition before and after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients who developed skin graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)

Comparison of basal metabolism and body composition before and after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients who developed skin graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)

The Effects of an Increase in Water Intake on Body Composition, Blood Pressure, and Lipid Profile in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The Effects of an Increase in Water Intake on Body Composition, Blood Pressure, and Lipid Profile in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Is sedentary behavior associated with body composition in multiple sclerosis?

Is sedentary behavior associated with body composition in multiple sclerosis?

Associations between physical activity level, nutritional intake, and body composition in adults with achondroplasia

Associations between physical activity level, nutritional intake, and body composition in adults with achondroplasia

Changes in body composition in gastrointestinal cancer patients are paralleled by modulations of miRs and inflammatory response

Changes in body composition in gastrointestinal cancer patients are paralleled by modulations of miRs and inflammatory response

Analysis of strength and body composition in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease

Analysis of strength and body composition in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease

Effects of a 12-week exercise program on body composition after esophagectomy

Effects of a 12-week exercise program on body composition after esophagectomy

Body Composition Changes Following Fecal Microbiota Transplant Therapy for Recurrent Clostridiodes Difficile Infection in a Cohort of Female Patients ≥55 Years of Age

Body Composition Changes Following Fecal Microbiota Transplant Therapy for Recurrent Clostridiodes Difficile Infection in a Cohort of Female Patients ≥55 Years of Age

Association Between Body Composition And Adequate Intake Of Macronutrients In Female College Athletes

Association Between Body Composition And Adequate Intake Of Macronutrients In Female College Athletes

Effects of 8-weeks Surf Skateboard training on physical fitness in young people

BackgroundSurf skateboards have grown in popularity among young people in recent years. However, no research studies have analyzed the effect of surf skateboarding on physical fitness. ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 8-week surf skateboard training on physical fitness in young adults. MethodsTwenty-two young people, ages 18–24 years were randomly assigned into two groups: a control (CON; n = 11) and surf skateboarding (SSK; n = 11) group. The surf skateboard training group received an eight-week intervention consisting of three 60-minute (min) sessions per week, while the control group continued with their normal daily lives. Physical fitness was assessed before and after the intervention through a battery of tests that included body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and balance. ResultsThe results showed that the SSK group demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) improvements in maximum voluntary ventilation, back and leg strength, lower body muscular endurance by the sit-to-stand tests, and balance in all direction compared with the pre-test and the CON group. In addition, the SSK group showed significantly (p < 0.05) decreased body weight, body mass index, percent body fat, and resting heart rate, while increased maximum oxygen consumption, pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, upper body muscular endurance by the sit-up test and flexibility compared with the pre-test. ConclusionThe findings suggest that surf skateboard training have an effective physical activity intervention to improve body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and balance in young people.

Intermittent versus Continuous Calorie Restriction for Treatment of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial

BackgroundCalorie restriction has been demonstrated to be effective in treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, it has been limited by poor long-term adherence. ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare intermittent calorie restriction (ICR) with traditional continuous calorie restriction (CCR) for the treatment of MASLD. MethodsWe conducted a 12-week, parallel-arm, randomized controlled trial that included 60 adults with MASLD and abnormal glucose metabolism. The participants were randomly assigned to either the ICR group (2 successive days of fasting [∼500 kcal/day] and 5 days of recovery per week) or the CCR group. The primary outcome was liver fat content (LFC) measured by 1H-Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The secondary and exploratory outcomes included weight, body composition, glucose, insulin, lipids and liver stiffness. ResultsThe mean reduction in LFC was −20.5% (95% CI: -25.0, -15.9%) in the ICR group and −15.5% (95% CI: -20.3, -10.8%) in the CCR group. Changes in LFC were not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.15), and were homogeneous among different liver segments. Analysis of exploratory endpoints provided clues that the ICR was associated with greater reductions in fat mass and glycosylated hemoglobin. There were no significant differences in changes of weight, lean mass, insulin resistance, triglyceride and liver stiffness between the two groups. Participants showed high adherence to both the ICR and CCR schemes. ConclusionsThe ICR and CCR schemes had similar effects on reducing liver fat content, suggesting that the ICR 5:2 diet can be an effective alternative for treating MASLD with high adherence. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04283942. Clinical Trials RegistrationThis study is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04283942).

Changes in body composition following curative surgery for colorectal cancer: Insights from InBody720 measurements

Changes in body composition following curative surgery for colorectal cancer: Insights from InBody720 measurements