Composites Of Resin Research Articles

In Ukrainian

The influence of the electronic subsystem of nanographene particles modified with titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the thermal destruction of the polymer matrix is analyzed. The variation in the conductivity of the modifiers made it possible to vary the effect of the metallic electronic system of graphene on thermal destruction by attenuating its effect through the transfer of energy to the electronic subsystem throughout the semiconductor film of anatase and excluding its effect on thermal destruction through a wide-band TiO2 dielectric of rutile form, which is opaque for energy transfer to the electronic subsystem. The application of such films does not affect the thermal processes in which the phonon subsystems of polymer, graphene and crystal modifiers are involved. The method of thermally programmable desorption mass spectrometry investigated the thermal destruction of hybrid composites of epoxy resin with graphene, namely the effect of surface modification of multilayer graphene particles by nanoparticles of pyrogenic titanium dioxide (anatase and rutile forms) on the thermal stability of hybrid epoxy composites in the temperature range of 40 − 800 °C. The activation energies Ed of destruction of atomic fragments of the polymer structure with the value m/z in the range of 16 ‒ 140 D were determined. It has been established that the thermal destruction of fragments of the polymer structure of epoxy resin composites with graphene modified with anatase and rutile forms of titanium dioxide is determined by the peculiarities of thermal transport at the polymer-modifier interfaces. Modification of graphene particles by the anatase form of titanium dioxide leads to increased thermal stability of polymer chains and cross-links in epoxycomposites in the entire range of m/z values of desorbed fragments. Filling the resin with graphene particles coated with the rutile form of TiO2 practically does not affect the intensity of thermal destruction of the composite matrix. The Ed values of different destruction fragments in composites with unmodified and modified graphene are in the range of 50 ‒ 130 kJ/mol. The value of Ed increases by 5 ‒ 10 kJ/mol when the resin is filled with graphene nanoparticles, while the coating of particles with titanium dioxide of the anatase and rutile phases practically does not change the value of Ed of the vast majority of fragments.

Effect of alkali treatment on mechanical properties and morphology of the Balanites aegyptiaca composite

The reinforcement of natural fibers in polymer composites is becoming more popular as time goes on due to their biodegradability, availability, lightweight, nontoxic, and nonhazardous characteristics. The goal of this research is to use natural resources like fibers in polymer composites. The matrix was made with the composites of epoxy resin in which fibers derived from the tree of Balanites Balanites aegyptiaca were utilized as reinforcement. To enhance the surface properties of these fibers, they were treated with sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH). By varying weight (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt.%) of the raw fibers treated with NaOH in epoxy resin several composite samples were produced using the hand lay-up technique. The effect of adding Balanites aegyptiaca fibers treated with NaOH to measure mechanical properties such as tensile, bending, and impact, as well as absorption of water and chemical resistance, and SEM morphology was studied. The composite with 15 wt.% Balanites aegyptiaca fibers exhibited the best mechanical properties, absorption of water, and chemical resistance to the composites, indicating that it has the strongest bonding and adhesion between fibers treated with NaOH and epoxy matrix. The surfaces of the tested composites displayed an interfacial adhesion between the matrix and the fibers, which is vividly visible in SEM micrographs of the fractured surfaces of tested composites. The composites that are reinforced with fiber and treated with NaOH are more resistant to water and chemicals than composites with untreated fibers.

Synthesis and cryogenic performance of closed-loop recycled Al2O3/epoxy resins composites

The non-degradability of epoxy present environmental and economic challenges. This study synthesized a degradable epoxy resin with ester bonds using a novel method. The synthesized resin was mixed with KH560-modified micro-sized spherical α-Al2O3 particles at different concentrations to produce the A-TPHE. The cured A-TPHE exhibited excellent mechanical properties, including high tensile and shear strength (∼100 MPa), as well as outstanding impact resistance. Furthermore, DMA, DSC, and TGA analyses revealed that the composites had a high glass transition temperature (>100 °C) and good thermal stability. Notably, the A-TPHE80 % filler achieved a favorable thermal conductivity of 1.2 W/mK at 77 K. A-TPHE also demonstrated good insulation properties. The degradation of the resins was assessed at 30 wt% NaOH, and the recovered filtrate facilitated closed-loop recycling of the composite material with a consistent recovery rate exceeding 70 %. In conclusion, this study establishes a foundation for the application of degradable thermosetting materials in cryogenic environments.

Neighboring Molecular Engineering in Diels-Alder Chemistry Enabling Easily Recyclable Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites.

Although a variety of dynamic covalent bonds have been successfully used in the development of diverse sustainable thermosetting polymers and their composites, solving the trade-off between recovery efficiency and comprehensive properties is still a major challenge. Herein, a "one-stone-two-birds" strategy of lower rotational energy barrier (Er) phosphate-derived Diels-Alder (DA) cycloadditions was proposed for easily recyclable carbon fiber (CF)-reinforced epoxy resins (EPs) composites. In such a strategy, the phosphate spacer with lower Er accelerated the segmental mobility and dynamic DA exchange reaction for network rearrangement to achieve high-efficiency repairing, reprocessing of the EPs matrix and its composites and rapid nondestructive recycling of CF; meanwhile, incorporating phosphorus-based units especially reduced their fire hazards. The resulting materials simultaneously showed excellent thermal/mechanical properties, superb fire safety and facile recyclability, realizing the concept of recycling for high-performance thermosetting polymers and composites. This strategy is of great significance for understanding and enriching the molecular connotation of DA chemistry, making it potentially applicable to the design and development of a wide range of dynamic covalent adaptable materials toward practical cutting-edge-tech applications.

Neighboring Molecular Engineering in Diels–Alder Chemistry Enabling Easily Recyclable Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites

AbstractAlthough a variety of dynamic covalent bonds have been successfully used in the development of diverse sustainable thermosetting polymers and their composites, solving the trade‐off between recovery efficiency and comprehensive properties is still a major challenge. Herein, a “one‐stone‐two‐birds” strategy of lower rotational energy barrier (Er) phosphate‐derived Diels–Alder (DA) cycloadditions was proposed for easily recyclable carbon fiber (CF)‐reinforced epoxy resins (EPs) composites. In such a strategy, the phosphate spacer with lower Er accelerated the segmental mobility and dynamic DA exchange reaction for network rearrangement to achieve high‐efficiency repairing, reprocessing of the EPs matrix and its composites and rapid nondestructive recycling of CF; meanwhile, incorporating phosphorus‐based units especially reduced their fire hazards. The resulting materials simultaneously showed excellent thermal/mechanical properties, superb fire safety and facile recyclability, realizing the concept of recycling for high‐performance thermosetting polymers and composites. This strategy is of great significance for understanding and enriching the molecular connotation of DA chemistry, making it potentially applicable to the design and development of a wide range of dynamic covalent adaptable materials toward practical cutting‐edge‐tech applications.

Rapid Impregnating Resins for Fiber-Reinforced Composites Used in the Automobile Industry.

As environmental regulations become stricter, weight- and cost-effective fiber-reinforced polymer composites are being considered as alternative materials in the automobile industry. Rapidly impregnating resin into the reinforcing fibers is critical during liquid composite molding, and the optimization of resin impregnation is related to the cycle time and quality of the products. In this review, various resins capable of rapid impregnation, including thermoset and thermoplastic resins, are discussed for manufacturing fiber-reinforced composites used in the automobile industry, along with their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, vital factors and perspectives for developing rapidly impregnated resin-based fiber-reinforced composites for automobile applications are discussed.

Preparation and Characterization of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Waste filled with Rice husk Silica (RHS) Composites in Gwagwalada metropolis, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

The adverse effects of use of plastics by human beings are on the increase and become challenging with the growing population. The non-degradability of plastics products such as bottles, cans, cups, bags which resulted into blockage of culverts, drains, suffocating animal’s life. This research focused on recycling of high density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic waste with rice husk silica (RHS) from agricultural waste of rice husks to form eco-friendly polymer composites. Different proportions of 0.5 to 3.0 % rice husk silica (RHS) as filler were melt mixed with maleic anhydride grafted high density polyethylene (HDPE) material and the composite analyzed for tensile and flexural strengths. The tensile strengths ranged values from 10.49 to 13.02 MPa for the resin (vHDPE) and the recycled (rHDPE) composites presented values from 8.30 and 12.41 MPa for 0.5and 3.0% filler loading, respectively. The peak flexural strengths recorded for recycled (rHDPE) and resins (vHDPE) composites are 12.19 MPa and 12.05 MPa for 0.5 and 3.0% filler loading, respectively. The tensile strength of rice husk silica (RHS) filled HDPE waste composites are higher than that of the waste HDPE (control) and thus, the filler reinforced the HDPE. The composite prepared is suitable for use as tiles in building application to solve leaching problems associated with paint coating.

Establishing Physical and Chemical Mechanisms of Polymerization and Pyrolysis of Phenolic Resins for Carbon-Carbon Composites

Establishing Physical and Chemical Mechanisms of Polymerization and Pyrolysis of Phenolic Resins for Carbon-Carbon Composites

Degradation ofhigh‐performancecyanate ester space composites by anodized aluminum

AbstractCyanate esters are preferred resins for space composites based on excellent mechanical, thermal and dimensional properties. Yet, they are sensitive to co‐reactions with secondary constituents making compatibility a processing challenge. Anodized aluminum mandrels are commonly used for composite manufacturing but deleterious interactions with cyanate ester is not well understood. We investigate here the interaction of anodized aluminum mandrels with surrounding environments and its impact on cure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of M55J/RS3C composites. The uptake and diffusivity of environmental moisture in mandrels was determined gravimetrically and fit to a predictive Fickian model. Cured composite properties were evaluated and correlated with glass transition temperatures (Tg) by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal stability by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), mechanical properties by flatwise tensile test, and the degradation depth profile by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Parallel to previous results for RS3C but more severe, the degradation penetrated up to 500 μm with reductions of 90°C in Tg, 100°C in thermal stability and 33% mass loss. The inorganic oxide surprisingly absorbs 10× more water at 10× higher rate than composite mandrel materials. The reported results show the anodization presents a unique hydrolysis risk when manufacturing cyanate ester composites so disciplined use and environmental conditioning should be considered when developing space structures.HighlightsCyanate ester composites degraded by anodized mandrels for all conditions.Thermogram signals correlate to composite mechanical degradation.Composite degradation depth gradient determined by atomic force microscopy.

Determination of the Attenuation Coefficients of Epoxy Resin with Carbopol Polymer as a Breast Phantom Material at Low Photon Energy Range.

Six different composites of epoxy resin and Carbopol 974p polymer were prepared based on Carbopol 974p polymer concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. The linear and mass attenuation coefficients, Half Value Layer (HVL), and mean free path (MFP) of these composites were determined using single-beam photon transmission in the energy range between 16.65 keV and 25.21 keV. This was carried out by determining the attenuation of ka1 X-ray fluorescent (XRF) photons from niobium, molybdenum, palladium, silver, and tin targets. The results were compared with theoretical values of three types of breast material (Breast 1, Breast 2, Breast 3) and Perspex, which was calculated using a XCOM computer program. The results show that there were no significant differences in the attenuation coefficient values after the consequent Carbopol additions. Moreover, it was found that the mass attenuation coefficients of all tested composites were close to those of Perspex and the values for Breast 3. The HVL and MFP results showed that the E25 sample is closer to the results of the Perspex material with differences of (0.53-1.15%) and (0.51-1.20%), respectively. In addition, the densities of the fabricated samples were in the range of 1.102-1.170 g/cm3, which is in the range of human breast density. A computed tomography (CT) scanner was used to investigate the CT number values for the fabricated samples. The CT numbers of all samples were in the range of human breast tissue (24.53-40.28 HU). Based on these findings, the fabricated epoxy-Carbopol polymer is a good candidate for use as a breast phantom material.

High performance imide oligomers and thermosets derived from 9,9-bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)fluorene dianhydride

In this work, a new class of imide oligomers and thermosets with improved overall properties was developed by exploiting the steric effects of 9,9-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)fluorene dianhydride (BPAF). First, a model compound was prepared from BPAF and aniline. This model compound possessed a twisted architecture, with two dihedral angles between fluorene ring and phthalimide segments of around 75°. Then, an array of phenylethynyl-endcapped imide oligomers was synthesized from BPAF, 4-phenylethynyl phthalic anhydride (4-PEPA), and aromatic diamines (4,4′-oxydianiline (4,4′-ODA), 2,2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine (TFMB), m-phenylenediamine (m-PDA)). The BPAF-derived imide oligomers exhibited improved organic solvents solubility and higher melt viscosity compared to those based on 2,3,3′,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (3,4′-BPDA), due to their bulky, twisted, and sterically hindered cardo architectures. The imide oligomers under pressure were converted into thermosets by the thermal crosslinking of phenylethynyl at 370 °C for 2 h. The BPAF-derived thermosets exhibited much higher glass transition temperature (Tg) (＞ 404 °C), 5% weight-loss temperature (T5%) (＞ 549 °C) in an air environment, and more excellent high-frequency dielectric properties from 30 to 45 GHz (dielectric constant as low as 2.85 and dielectric loss factor as low as 0.0037) while possessing comparable or even better mechanical properties relative to the 3,4′-BPDA-derived polymers. Therefore, these polymers based on BPAF may have potential applications as matrix resins for heat-resistant, structural and functional composites.

Investigation on the effect of castor‐oil based bio‐resins on mechanical, visco‐elastic, and water diffusion properties of flax fiber reinforced epoxy composites

AbstractDue to the depletion of petro‐based sources and environmental consciousness, researchers are striving to replace synthetic fibers and resins in composites with bio‐sourced ones without compromising their properties. In this regard, the present study investigates the effect of partially replacing epoxy moieties with castor oil based bio‐resins on various properties of epoxy resin and its flax fiber reinforced composite system to achieve sustainable materials, thereby encouraging the bio‐based theme. Base‐catalyzed transesterification was used to synthesize epoxy methyl ricinoleate (EMR) as a low viscous reactive green monomer derived from epoxidized castor oil (ECO). The influence of both ECO and EMR bio‐resin on various mechanical, thermo‐mechanical properties, free mode vibration, and water absorption of epoxy and its composites were studied. The composition with 20% of ECO and EMR was optimized based on stiffness‐toughness balance. The inclusion of 20% EMR significantly escalated the tensile, impact, and fracture toughness properties of epoxy composites by 6.45%, 12.8%, and 14.2%, respectively. The strong fiber‐matrix interface was confirmed by increased pullout adhesion by 21% and 35.1% due to the addition of ECO and EMR, respectively. Dynamic mechanical analyzer revealed a 12% higher storage modulus for EMR modified composites than ECO counterparts. Scanning electron microscope morphology revealed superior interfacial adhesion between fiber and matrix in case of EMR modified bio‐composite, which resulted in a lower water diffusion coefficient than ECO modified bio‐composite. These results showed that the 20% EMR customized epoxy composite is dimensionally stable with improved mechanical properties and may act as a green alternative to petro‐sourced epoxy composites in automotive and semistructural applications.Highlights Effects of castor oil based bio‐resins on epoxy composites are studied. Composites with significant bio‐content (~50 wt%) are developed. EMR modified epoxy composites exhibited improved mechanical properties. A strong fiber‐matrix interface was confirmed by increased pullout adhesion. Reduction in pot life of epoxy was observed on adding ECO and EMR.

Silver-colored vs tooth-colored fillings

Silver-colored vs tooth-colored fillings

Composites of an Epoxy Resin (EP)/PVDF/NiCo-Graphene Nanosheet (GNS) for Electromagnetic Shielding

In this study, a series of three-dimensional (3D) epoxy resin/poly(vinylidene fluoride)/nickel–cobalt alloy–graphene nanosheet (EP/PVDF/NiCo-GNS) composites with high thermal conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) were successfully prepared using a salt template-assisted strategy. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses jointly presented the successful modification of GNS and in situ growth of NiCo alloy. The cross-sectional morphological observations on the PVDF/NiCo-GNS skeleton and epoxy-based composites clearly showed the successful construction of a honeycomb-like heat conduction network. At a NiCo-GNS loading of 15 wt %, the prepared composites’ EMI SE could reach a value of 34.62 dB. The special structures not only perfected the interconnected thermally and electrically conductive network but also facilitated the multiple internal reflections of electromagnetic waves inside the composites. The present work provides an insight into the design of multifunctional polymer-based composites for electronic 3D encapsulation applications.

Epoxy biocomposites-based chemically treated coffee dystrophy and castor oil

An agro-waste such as coffee beans has been used to generate cellulose particles. Coffee roast which is brown in color, was treated with 6% sodium chlorite solution, followed by alkali treatment. This chemically treated mass was subjected to acid treatment with 20% sulfuric acid. Cellulose microwhiskers were released. These micro particles were examined by an X-ray diffractometer (XRD). X-Ray diffraction study of these white cellulose particles and the residue showed a highly crystalline nature of the cellulose particles. The fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were carried out to further investigate any structural changes after chemical treatment. The spectra of the treated powder showed lesser peak intensity at 1630 cm−1. This peak is related to the aromatic ring of lignin. Thus, indicating that the removal of aromatic rings of lignin and polysaccharides after hydrolysis process, simultaneously increases degree of crystallinity. Composites of epoxy resin with a conventional amide-type hardener reinforced with renewable materials were investigated in the presence of castor oil (CO). The renewable material was extracted from coffee beans using various chemical agents. The extracted renewable material has been incorporated into epoxy resin. The composites were evaluated by FTIR to check any interactions. The remarkable hint is the increased intensity of the peak located at 3941 cm−1 being assigned to the –NH2 of the amine cured epoxy. The increment in the intensity is being attributed to the enhanced degree of interaction between the multifunctional CO and the amine cured epoxy resin as mentioned earlier. Tests of tensile and impact strength properties were carried out and Izod impact was determined at room temperature. It has been found that the incorporation of CO has significantly increased the elongation at break. The impact resistance of the composites with CO has significantly increased as compared to the control and the samples without CO. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were taken to assess the effects of reinforcement and homogenization of the composites. It was noticed that the incorporation of the CO has turned the topography of the samples to a smooth surface with respect to rugged phase of the samples without CO.

Behavior of Hybrid Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks under Static and Fatigue Loading

This paper presents a new bridge deck reinforcement alternative using hybrid reinforced concrete (Hybrid) consisting of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) rebar and alkali-resistant fiberglass composite macrofibers added to the concrete mixture. Fiberglass composite macrofibers are a miniaturized GFRP reinforcing bar that is a composite of resin and glass fibers. An experimental testing program and analytical modeling were conducted to evaluate the structural performance at the service and ultimate limit states. Thirteen full-scale bridge deck specimens were constructed and tested under static and fatigue loading. The fatigue loading was applied up to two million cycles at a frequency of 4 Hz. Post-fatigue, the specimens were tested to failure to compare pre-and post-fatigue behavior. Simplified and moment-curvature analytical models were used to predict the specimens' flexural strength at the ultimate level, and both were found to be accurate for predicting pre- and post-fatigue strength. Deflection and crack width were monitored throughout the fatigue loading, and these values were compared to the recommended AASHTO LRFD serviceability limits. Testing and analytical results showed that the Hybrid deck is a viable alternative to steel-reinforced and GFRP-reinforced bridge decks for flexural behavior. The service and ultimate level behavior of each bridge deck type was adequate as compared to the AASHTO LRFD service limits. The exceptional post-peak energy absorption demonstrated by the Hybrid adds ductility to previously elastic GFRP reinforced sections.

Impact of auxeticity on mechanical properties of3Dwoven auxetic reinforced thermoplastic composites

Abstract3D woven composites are currently used in high‐tech applications due to their better mechanical properties than 2D laminated composites. To further enhance the mechanical performance of 3D woven composites, auxetic structures can be used as reinforcement. The auxetic structures showed better mechanical properties due to bidimensional energy dissipation capability. Orthogonal 3D woven structures showed inherent auxetic nature, however, the use of brittle thermoset resins in composites fully limits their auxeticity. To overcome this issue, three types of 3D woven auxetic structures (warp, weft, and bidirectional interlocks) were developed and used as reinforcement with thermoplastic resins (PC and PVB). Auxeticity of woven reinforcement, and tensile, flexural (3‐point), and short beam shear (SBS) tests of composites were conducted. Auxeticity results revealed that the warp interlock structure showed the highest auxeticity, while the bidirectional interlock structure exhibited the least auxeticity due to the high number of intersections and crimp %. Furthermore, warp interlock composite structure showed 47%, 49.5%, and 37% higher tensile, flexural, and shear strength values, respectively than bidirectional interlock structure in warp direction with PC resin. The overall results showed that auxetic reinforcement improved the mechanical performance of 3D woven composites.

Effect of carbonated beverages on the color stability of bulk and flowable composite resin.

Tooth discoloration is considered as one of the most common dental problems among people, and in dentistry, the most common cases are claimed after the restoration. Therefore, in this research, we aim to evaluate the effect of carbonated beverages on the color stability of bulk and flowable composite resin. For the study, 12 composite disc samples were made using the standard dimensions of 10 mm diameter and 2 mm thick. To find the color stability, we used a VITA Easyshade spectrophotometer. We used two different composites of bulk fill and flowable composite resin; the composite brand we used was Tetric ecom plus; as an immersion medium, we used two different carbonated beverages, and the chosen beverages were Appy Fizz and 7Up. 24-h and 7-day postimmersion color stability was evaluated. In the results of postimmersion, we have found the Delta E value for 24 h immersion of flowable and bulk fill composite as 5.8115 and 7.4378, respectively; similarly, the Delta E value for 7 days immersion of flowable and bulk fill composite was 9.9559 and 10.1028, respectively. Using the independent "t"-test, we found that the significance is 0.633 and 0.328, which was statistically not significant. In the present study, when immersed in Appy Fizz juice and 7Up juice, bulk fill composite resins have shown greater discoloration when compared to flowable composite resin material. Thus, the flowable composite resin samples were more color stable.

Strategic design unsaturated polyester resins composites with excellent flame retardancy and high tensile strength

Unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) composites with excellent flame retardancy and high mechanical property is a great challenge to its widely application. In present work, a highly efficient flame retardant (MA-DOPO) containing nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus elements was designed via a nucleophilic substitution reaction of amino and aldehyde groups. For the UPR/MA-DOPO15 composites, its tensile strength was 28.3 MPa, which was 19.9 % higher than that of neat UPR attributing to the formation of hydrogen bonds with UPR. It should be noted that tensile strength of UPR/MA-DOPO20 composites reached the highest 39.6 MPa, showing a growth trend with the enhancement of incorporation amount of MA-DOPO. Meanwhile, the UPR/MA-DOPO15composites passed the UL-94 V-0 rating with a LOI of 27.0%, and the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release rate (THR) were reduced by 35.1% and 41.6% in cone calorimeter (CC) test comparing to that of neat UPR respectively. Moreover, the detailed flame-retarding mechanism of MA-DOPO was investigated by the thermogravimetric infrared spectroscopy (TG-IR), Raman spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (PY-GC/MS), in which the releasement of inert gas in gas-phase and the catalytic carbonation in condensed phase jointly taking effect.

The Natural Composite of Sawdust Teak as a Sound Absorption Materials Using The Resonator Space Method

The development of science and technology has resulted in the increasing use of sophisticated equipment that can produce unwanted sounds, resulting in noise. Acoustic materials are a solution that can reduce noise. This study aims to determine the sound absorption coefficient of a composite of teak sawdust and polyester resin as an environmentally friendly acoustic material. The sample was made in the form of a cylinder using a press of as many as six samples with a comparison of the mass fraction of teak sawdust and the mass fraction of polyester resin, namely sample 1 (30:70), sample 2 (40:60), sample 3 (50:50), sample 4 (60:40), sample 5(70:30), sample 6(80:20). The samples that have been made were tested using a resonance space and sound level meter to measure the value of the sound absorption coefficient (α) at frequencies of 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 1500 Hz, 2000 Hz, 2500 Hz, and 3000 Hz. The optimal acoustic material sample in sample 1 with a fiber mass fraction of 30% and a sound absorption coefficient of 0.707 at a frequency of 3000 Hz.