Component Part Research Articles

O sítio Furna do Estrago em Pernambuco

O estudo das relações de gênero tem sido incorporado à investigação arqueológica, resultando em pesquisas menos ligadas a suposições ocidentais e mais sensíveis às variações culturais. Sobre o sítio Furna do Estrago, inúmeras pesquisas foram desenvolvidas e essas informações possibilitaram um vasto conhecimento acerca da ritualidade funerária e biologia dessa população, permitindo assim a realização deste trabalho, cujo objetivo foi a identificação de elementos culturais que permitissem fazer inferências sobre relações de gênero. Os resultados da análise sugerem elementos indicadores de gênero.

A review on gene pyramiding of agronomic, biotic and abiotic traits in rice variety development

Rice Oryza sativa L is a staple food crop, and its seeds are the most important component part of the agronomic trait of the cereal crop, rich in nutrient and of economic value to human and even livestock. But, it is often threatened by various abiotic and biotic conditions that reduce the yield, because of high incidences of infectious disease agents and non-pathogenic conditions respectively. Pyramiding of the requisite resistance and tolerance genes into single elite high yielding variety of rice, confers wider spectrum of stress management, resulting to development of single multiline variety of rice. Marker-assisted selection utilizes DNA marker-linked primers for blast resistant gene (RM8225; Piz , RM6836; Piz , Pi2 , Pi9 ), bacteria leaf blight (RM224; Xa-4 , RM122; xa-5 , RG136; xa-13 , RM21; Xa-21 ) and drought tolerance (RM236; qDTY 2.2 , RM520; qDTY 3.1 , RM511; qDTY 12.1 ) in pedigree, backcross and recurrent selection breeding methods. The objectives are to create awareness on the environmental safety of host-resistance, significance of single multiline resistance variety, effect of the interaction of stress conditions and associated simple sequence repeat (SSR) linked markers.

THE VERSATILITY OF CREATIVITY V. G. ZABOLOTNY (TO THE 120TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTH)

The architecture of Ukraine of the 20s — the beginning of the 30s of the XXth century was characterized by the search for the national originality of forms based on the understanding of the merits of Ukrainian baroque and folk architecture, a further workshop of the interpretation of the classicism techniques and the receipt of the marked revolutionary romance of architecture.In the 1930s, the stylistic orientation of the architecture of the former USSR and its component part of Ukraine was replaced by directive decrees and the Decree of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) “On the restructuring of literary and artistic organizations” (1932), created unions of writers, composers and architects. The resulting policy orientation on classical patterns as the basis of the creative method of socialist realism has become a phenomenon inherent in totalitarian regimes.The article discusses the many facets of the creative activity of V.G. Zabolotny, as an architect, scientist and educator, public figure, founder of the Ukrainian school of architecture, founder and president of the Academy of Architecture of the former USSR. The main stages of the work of the architect in the context of the history of the formation and development of Ukrainian architecture of the 30–60-ies of XX century are analyzed.One of the significant creative achievements of V. G. Zabolotny was the fruitful activity in the Academy Architecture of the USSR, which he created, it was discontinued in 1963. In 1992, it was reborn as a public organization — the Ukrainian Academy of Architecture (UAA), called to life by the new socio-economic conditions of the country's development. The UAA revival, continuing the tradition the Academy of Architecture, created byV. G. Zabolotny, makes a significant contribution to the development of Ukrainian architecture as one of the components of Ukrainian national culture.The materials on the multifaceted activity of V.G. Zabolotny presented in the article will contribute to the development of scientific researches on the history and theory architecture of Ukraine in the last century.

Blacksmithing Art in the Eastern Ukraine as a Component Part of Ukrainian Cultural Process

The development of art and craft of blacksmithing in the Eastern region of Ukraine, specifically in Poltava, Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk, and Donetsk oblasts has been analysed. The study of the blacksmithing in Donetsk city and Donetsk oblast was limited to the second half of the 19th century and up to the 2014. The progress of blacksmithing at the temporarily occupied and uncontrolled territories of Ukraine has not been researched by the author. The article focuses on the unique piece blacksmithing art of the national and global scale — Mertsalov palm tree. In 1900 Mertsalov palm tree was displayed at the 1900 Paris Exposition in the pavilion of the coal society. In 1999 the first copy of the Mertsalov palm tree was mounted in Donetsk. This latter palm tree was forged by the Donetsk-based smith Serhiy Kaspruk along with his son Oleh. Mertsalov palm tree became the first contemporary art piece turning the public attention not only to the artwork itself, but to the producing enterprise as well. From the contemporary marketing viewpoint the forged palm tree on display was an event of unprecedented global scope. Mertsalov palm tree was a starting point for the development of blacksmithing art in the Eastern Ukraine that survived the decay during the harsh 20th century and was revived during the early 1980s.

Communicative Nature of the Boris Lyatoshinsky Early Legacy

The semantic narrative of Boris Lyatoshinky’s 1910’s works has been analyzed in the article. Resulting from the communicative and information interrelation of musical and extra-musical senses of cultural space, this semantic narrative advances the expansion of the hypertext space of culture. I.e., it reconstructs the view of Lyatoshinky’s live and work as a determinant of development for the whole Ukrainian musical culture of the 20th century. Within this framework, communication and, consequently, communication and information processes form a matrix of sorts that urges us to study a musical text as an aggregate of communicative strategies, adapted to the boundaries set by musical culture and society. In this process it is important to take into account such communication lines as: space-time of the creative activity, physical and symbolic planes within which artist’s innovations are manifested; artist’s environment and environment of the researcher, who engages into interpretation; and, as it was stressed, the communicative space of semantic signs, including ideas, images, concepts, emotions, produced by the author’s creative consciousness and reconstructed by an interpreter, that are concentrated within those signs. Using the categorial approach to define the system of the artist’s musical legacy, we, striving to comprehend the immanence of the author’s concept, enrich the routine theoretical components parts of analysis of the musical text with the new areas of values and senses, with the conceptualized communicative interpretation of the text and of artist’s personality.

PENHA DA BARROCA RAILWAY BRIDGE – CONTEMPORANY AESTHETICS, IMPROVED PERFORMANCE

AbstractThe Penha da Barroca Bridge is a railway bridge that is under construction and is within the framework of the Beira Baixa railway line modernization project which itself is a key part of the Atlantic Corridor that concerns Portugal, Spain, France and Germany. All foreseen interventions in this railway line were also identified as priority investments by the National Stategic Plan for Transports and Infrastructures – time‐horizon 2014‐2020 (PETI3+). The bridge is closely to Guarda and is composed by steel latticed columns supporting a steel‐concrete composite deck. The steel component part of deck corresponds to a steel truss and the concrete component part is guaranteed by a concrete slab over which will be settled the rail track (ballasted track).

A bi-objective model for the assembly flow shop scheduling problem with sequence dependent setup times and considering energy consumption

The two-stage assembly flowshop scheduling problem has been studied in this research. Suppose that a number of products of different kinds are needed to be produced. Each product is consists of several parts. There are m uniform machines in the first stage to manufacture the components (parts) of products and there is one assembly station in the second stage to assembled parts into products. Setup operation should be done when a machine starts processing a new part and setup times are treated as separate from processing times. Two objective functions are considered: (1) minimizing the completion time of all products (makespan) as a classic objective, and (2) minimizing the cost of energy consumption as a new objective. Processing speed of each machine is adjustable and the rate of energy consumption of each machine is dependent of its processing speed. At first, this problem is described with an example, and then needed parameters and decision variables are defined. After that, this problem is modeled as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) and GAMS software is applied to solve small problems. To solve this bi-objective model, Epsilon Constraint algorithm is used on some test problems obtained standard references. Data of test problems were obtained from previous references and new parameters have been adjusted for considered problem. Conflicting of two considered objective functions has been valid through the result. In additional, result of solving test problems and sensitivity analysis show that how we can reduce energy consumption by adjusting completion times.

Design and Execution of Turdas Tunnel

Abstract The paper presents aspects of the design and execution of the Turdas tunnel located on the local variant (route), on the Coşlariu - Simeria section, from the rehabilitation project of Brasov – Simeria railway line, component part of Pan European Railway Corridor IV, for train circulation with maximum speed of 160km/h. The tunnel crosses through alluvial deposits with silt and clay with locally sand layers at the upper part, sand and gravel with water in the middle part and marly silty clay and neogenic marl, with swelling phenomena, at the lower part. The overburden is between 2.00m and 13.00m. The initial project provided execution in underground, on 510.00m in the central area and from surface at both ends, 225.00m at the entrance and 45.00m at the exit. The new optimized project, based on new geological and geotechnical studies, proposed an execution from surface for the entire length of the tunnel. To establish the optimal solution two methods of surface execution and structural solutions were analyzed comparatively: “Cut and Cover” and “Cover and Cut”. The adopted method was “Cut and Cover”, with a structural solution composed of a temporary retaining structure – diaphragm walls with a special internal lining. This has been divided in six sections with different behavioral types, taking into account the ground configuration in longitudinal profile and the geological and geotechnical data. The technological execution phases are presented in detail. To investigate the behavior of this type of structure under soil and swelling actions, three-dimensional finite element analyses were carried out, taking into account the execution phases for each cross section. A monitoring system was provided to verify the stresses in the temporary retaining structure and the internal lining and also to calibrate future calculations.

RESEARCH OF MULTIPLE INVESTMENT STRATEGIES USING A SHORT AND LONG POSITION


 
 
 The construction of an optimal portfolio of securities is one of the main tasks of managing the financial system, in which individual assets are only a component part. However, each asset also requires a separate study.I gave the article building an investment portfolio with a zero strategy, comprising borrowing some assets and buying other assets for the same amount. The study comprised choosing the length of the historical horizon, the ranking criterion and the portfolio structure that ensured the maximum investor income.
 
 

Application of distributed integrated modular avionics concept for perspective aircraft equipment control systems

The paper considers the possibility of distributed integrated modular avionics concept application for control systems of aircraft equipment. This approach allows reducing the cable network weight and size, reducing the noise of transmitted data, increasing the system reliability, shortening the time of the development and further modernization. As a result, the design of system and component part is proposed.

Preservation of the natural potential of vegetation. Assessment in landscape planning

The priority purpose of landscape planning is preservation of natural environment with existing ecosystem interrelations under prevailing conditions for the territory development. Analysis of the contemporary state of plant cover is component part of the comprehensive program of studies on landscape planning, which reveals dynamics of vegetation, territorial differentiation, biological variety, degree of territory disturbance communities, and potential of their preservation. Natural stability of vegetation, which is supported not only at the level of biocenosis, but also at the level of spatial current connections of contemporary landscape, is one of the main conditions of preserving the biotope structure. Particularities of development and nature restoration determine ecologically favorable conditions of existence and renewal of plant cover structure. External disturbing factors set additional constraints on the motion of natural dynamics, slowing down restoration or completely leading to irreversible changes. The evaluation of sustainability of plant communities for the southern part of the Lake Baikal coast was carried out on the basis of expert estimation for multifactoral impacts upon dynamics and was represented using a cartographic method in the form of integrated areas of the sustainability of plant communities. Cartographic interpretation of contemporary vegetation state of investigated territory, the determining of the integrated areas of plant community’s sustainability, and further sequential carrying out of interconnected estimation maps, makes possible to differentiate territory in the categories of landscape planning for the complex preservation of natural environment and to develop the necessary measures for stabilization.

PNS93 THE ACTUAL NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN NUR-SULTAN, KAZAKHSTAN

To reveal representation schoolchildren about proper nutrition as a component part of a healthy lifestyle and the assessment of the level of physical development. A survey was conducted among schoolchildren of 11th grade school No 51, 72 aged 14-16 years. During the survey, schoolchildren showed that they are sufficiently informed about the rules of proper and healthy nutrition. On the question of whether you think that your health and your academic performance depend on proper nutrition, 87% answered in the affirmative, but only 56% of children consider their nutrition complete. Only 46% of children eat breakfast at home daily, while 29% constantly skip homemade breakfasts. Only 37% eat daily in the school canteen, among children with underweight, only every tenth attend a canteen every day. At the same time, only 14% of children consume all the dishes listed on the menu, while the rest eat mainly pizza, pies. According to the results of the survey, it was found that 38% of children have fruits and vegetables included in the daily diet, 37% of children indicated in the structure of nutrition for daily consumption of dairy products, 38% consumed dairy products 2-3 times a week, even less often-22%. The level of physical development of children was calculated using the Quetele index. It was revealed that 43% of children had a harmonious level of physical development, 7% higher than the average harmonious development, body mass deficiency was observed in 16% of children. Based on the above, we can conclude that the indicators of physical development in children of Nur-Sultan reflect typical patterns of age-related increase in all the studied indicators of somatometry of Kazakhstan.

Experimental validation of an improved mathematical model for pneumatic pressure measurement systems with connecting tubes

In many industrial applications pressure sensors often have to be placed at a certain distance from the measured object and a tube that connects the measured object and the pressure sensor is then a component part of the pressure measurement system. The dynamic response of such a measurement system depends on the properties of the transmission fluid, and on the characteristics of the connecting tube and the sensor volume. This paper experimentally validates an improved mathematical model that supplements the Bergh and Tijdeman model with the frequency-dependent thermodynamic effects on the gas density changes in the sensor volume. The quality of the mathematical model was evaluated in terms of the limit frequencies of the pneumatic pressure measurement system with connecting tubes of different dimensions, which define the useful frequency ranges from the viewpoint of the magnitudes of the amplitude dynamic errors. The results show that the improved mathematical model enables a better estimation of the limit frequency, with relative deviations between the theoretically and experimentally obtained limit frequencies not exceeding 14%. The uncertainty analysis of the deviations, which considers the contributions of the uncertainties of the modelling input data and the uncertainties related to the measurements, confirms the validity of the considered frequency-dependent thermodynamic effects in the sensor volume.

Nano electromechanical approach for flexible piezoresistive sensor

Flexible sensor with superior sensitivity and widened working range is urgently demanded to cater for the rapid progress of wearable electronics and mechnosensational human-machine interfaces. However, the manufacturing of the wearable sensor with promising sensitivity in a broad working range is a challenge for the soft property of the sensing materials. Introducing a porous insulating spacer between the sensing and electrode materials recently demonstrated an effective and energy-conservation approach. In this study we directly employed the bio-derived leaf vein as the first avoiding layer to partially separate the sensing component and electrode part, along with the ultralong MnO2 nanowires (NWs) as the second spacer inside the graphite flakes (GFs), to significantly improve the sensitivity from 4.7 kPa−1 to 8.6 kPa−1 as well as the broader working range of 28.9 kPa. The in situ transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) was respectively used to further quantitatively analyze the sensing mechanism and deformation process for GFs and MnO2 NWs at nano scale. These results demonstrated the flexibility and imperative roles of the GFs’ intrinsic deformation-induced current change on the improvement of sensitivity and the fracture behavior of MnO2 NW. Further, the flexible sensor on the potential applications of health monitoring and human-machine interfaces were successfully demonstrated. We thus strongly believe our work, based on the bio-derived spacing layer and advanced in situ electromechanical characterizations of GFs and MnO2 NWs for the wearable sensor, could profoundly guide people to explore more opportunities to develop new-concept sensor device and smart systems.

THE ROLE OF DUE DILIGENCE IN INTERNATIONAL LAW

AbstractThis article makes two main propositions about the role of due diligence in international law, in response to recent interest in the topic. First, a legal requirement to exercise due diligence may be a component part of a primary rule of international law, but this can only be determined by referring back to the primary rule in question (eg what degree of fact-finding does treaty provision X require a State party to that treaty to undertake, either explicitly or implicitly, to act consistently with its terms?). In other words, there is no ‘general principle of due diligence’ in international law. Second, States undertake what could be characterised as ‘due diligence’ activity (eg by introducing policy guidance for their officials), some elements of which may be a result of a legal requirement and some of which may not (eg where done solely for policy reasons). Current practice of the United Kingdom and United States is used to illustrate the point. The lack of a distinction between the ‘legal’ and ‘non-legal’ elements of conduct in a given area gives States the flexibility to act without feeling unduly constrained by international law, and at the same time actually promotes compliance with international law and may assist in its development over time. In contrast, pushing for a ‘general principle of due diligence’ in international law is unnecessary, and risks having a chilling effect on this positive legal/policy ‘due diligence’ behaviour by States.

Law and Science Series No. 1: The Contemporary Methodology for Claiming Reserved Instream Flow Water Rights to Support Aquatic Habitat

This article is the first in a series to provide information related to commonly used technical methodologies in furtherance of legal rights held by American Indian Tribes. Specifically, this article discusses the method for estimating water rights necessary to protect instream habitat to support fish. Unlike reserved water rights for irrigation — which has the well settled practicably irrigable acreage (“PIA”) standard — the United States Supreme Court has not identified a single quantification methodology appropriate for traditional uses of water. Instead, lower courts have fashioned a more ad hoc approach to quantifying traditional reserved water rights. This seems preferable given that unlike irrigation water rights, which are fairly uniform in their nature, each tribe’s traditional uses of water are unique and driven by the physical, historical, and cultural factors present for each tribe. Although the method for quantifying these rights have evolved over time, courts have slowly converged on the Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM) and its component part, the Physical Habitat Simulation Model (“PHABSIM”). Although the IFIM/PHABSIM method does not enjoy the de jure recognition of its sister-methodology PIA, the consistent use and acceptance of this method have caused it to become the de facto method for quantifying reserved instream water rights to protect fish habitat. The purpose of this article is to provide an explanation of the IFIM/PHABSIM methodology in an effort to put practitioners in the position to apply and, where necessary, critique the method. It proceeds in a chronological fashion; describing from beginning to end the steps necessary to develop a reserved instream water right claim using the IFIM/PHABSIM method.

Dosimetric response of fabricated Ge-doped optical fibres in computed tomography RQT beam quality x-ray beams

Novel germanium (Ge)-doped silica glass fibres tailor-made in Malaysia are fast gaining recognition as potential media for thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetry, with active research ongoing into exploitation of their various beneficial characteristics. Investigation is made herein of the capability of these media for use in diagnostic imaging dosimetry, specifically at the radiation dose levels typically obtained in conduct of Computed Tomography (CT). As a first step within such efforts, there is need to investigate the performance of the fibres using tightly defined spectra, use being made of a Philips constant potential industrial x-ray facility, Model MG165, located at the Malaysian Nuclear Agency Secondary Standards Dosimetry Lab (SSDL). Standard radiation beam qualities (termed RQT) have been established for CT, in accord with IEC 61267: 2003 and IAEA Technical Reports Series No. 457: 2007. A calibrated ionisation chamber has also been utilised, forming a component part of the SSDL equipment. The fabricated fibres used in this study are 2.3 mol% flat fibre (FF) of dimensions 643 × 356 μm2 and 2.3 mol% cylindrical fibre (CF) of 481 μm diameter, while the commercial fibre used is 4 mol% with core diameter of 50 μm. The dopant concentrations are nominal preform values. The fibres have been irradiated to doses of 20, 30 and 40 milligray (mGy) for each of the beam qualities RQT 8, RQT 9 and RQT 10. For x-rays generated at constant potential values from 100 to 150 kV, a discernible energy-dependent response is seen, comparisons being made with that of lithium fluoride (LiF) thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLD-100). TL yield versus dose has also been investigated for x-ray doses from 2 to 40 mGy, all exhibiting linearity. Compared to TLD-100, greater sensitivity is observed for the fibres.

Quality Education within the Scope Sustainable Development in the Context of Globalization. A Case Study of Primary Education in Eastern Europe and Central Asia: The Case of Romania

Education in Romania, which is considered a national priority, has over time witnessed numerous transformations imposed by national, European and international requirements. The study proposed by the authors is aimed at capitalizing on the legal framework that coordinates primary education, as a component part of education in general. International organizations, with a role in globalizing the economic branches of all countries, have included quality education as a global goal of international interest on their agenda. Given the importance of primary education in quality education, the authors aimed to make a regional classification within the context of a statistical analysis based on the United Nations report in 2018.

ELECTRO-CHEMICAL PRODUCTION OF TUNGSTEN OXIDE FROM PSEUDO-ALLOY CARBIDE TYPE WC-Co

Widespread use of specialized tools, the component part of which is tungsten, leads to the accumulation of its secondary raw materials (worked tools, cutters, drills, etc.). That is why there is a need to create technologies for recycling of the demanded metals, in particular tungsten. The purpose of this work is to study the anode behavior of carbide pseudoalloy type WC-Co in solutions of nitric acid with the addition of fluoride acid to obtain, as a target product, higher tungsten oxide in one stage. The corrosion behavior of carbide type pseudoalloy in acid solutions has been studied, and it has been found that the highest oxidation rate occurs in a concentrated solution of nitric acid. In order to accelerate the process and to increase the yield on the substance, adding to the fluoride acid working electrolyte has been proposed. As a result of the researches, it has been found that the behavior of the dissolution of pseudoalloys of the carbide type is characterized by the properties of the main component — tungsten. An electrolyte for obtaining higher tungsten oxide in one stage has been proposed. Bibl. 10, Fig. 1, Tab. 1.

METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF IMPROVING THE HEALTH PRESERVING COMPETENCE OF A SOCIAL WORKER IN CONDITIONS OF POST-GRADUATE EDUCATION

Abstract. The article conceptualizes the social-anthropological model of the health preserving competence of a social worker. The stated model is developed in accordance with modern tendencies of anthropologisation, European orientation and humanization of the Ukrainian education and the human-centric ideology of the «New Ukrainian School». The basis for the development of the given model as well as the specifics of its technological orientation is the practical demand, the perception and interpretation of experiences, which in conditions of postgraduate education are disclosed through anthropological-value reflection on the professional activity of a social worker. Within the framework of this model, the health preserving competence is studied as an integrative personal-professional skill, which actualizes the personal, intellectual, cultural and professional potential of a specialist through health oriented intentions. This competence is also presented as a particular anthropological-value and sociocultural phenomenon, which is formed through the application of a system of anthropological practices (social, cultural, anthropological and psychological) that were developed and integrated into one unity on the basis of the anthropological, value and humanistic understanding of a person. Anthropological, social and cultural intentions, which are taken as the basis for the stated model of the ehalth preserving competence are reflected in its structure, which is presented by four components (parts, competences): cognitive, active, personal and social-anthropological. The relevant components of the cognitive component are the health preserving way of thinking as well as value, phenomenology and practice oriented knowledge and the ability of a specialist to provide health oriented interpretations of the phenomenon of a person as of certain situations. The peculiarity of the socio-anthropological component is the disclosure of the health preserving competence in the context of social and cultural ontology. Within the framework of this component, the health preserving competence is presented as process, ontology, dynamics and society oriented. The important components of the personal component include the actualization and development of empathy, care, responsibility, cordiality, kindness, anticipation, compassion. Thus, the competence is constructed not only as a personal-professional but also as an ontological and sociocultural phenomenon. The application of the social-anthropological model of the health preserving competence of a social worker in the course of post-graduate training proves to be efficient.