Component Factor Research Articles

A hybrid model for carbon price forecasting based on SSA-NSTransformer: Considering the role of multi-stage carbon reduction targets.

In order to reduce the unpredictability of carbon prices caused by their increasingly prominent environmental and market attributes, and to minimize their negative impact on carbon trading, further research on forecasting models for carbon price is urgently needed. To improve the accuracy of prediction, this paper proposes a carbon price forecasting method based on SSA-NSTransformer. The method includes four main steps: Firstly, decomposition of carbon price signals, using Singular Spectrum Analysis to remove noise signals; Secondly, analysis of influencing factors, using Random Forest to identify and select key influencing factors of carbon price signal components from energy price, financial market, socio-economic, and environmental aspects; Furthermore, influencing factors prediction, considering the impact of different carbon reduction targets and predicting future trends of influencing factors; And finally, carbon price prediction, considering the impact of factors based on multi-stage carbon reduction targets, using Non-stationary Transformer to predict the signal components of carbon prices, reconstructing the carbon price time series, and testing the model accuracy. This paper uses historical data of ICE-EUA closing prices and influencing factors as samples, and the model error comparison results confirm that the proposed hybrid model for carbon price forecasting has significant advantages, which can provide scientific and accurate reference for carbon market participants' behaviors.

Comprehensive evaluation of health community construction based on biomechanical perspective

The comprehensive evaluation of healthy community construction is an important means for managers and decision-makers to understand the development of community health within their jurisdiction, and also a scientific basis for formulating practical and feasible health policies and health development plans. Scientific evaluation of the overall level and differences in the construction of healthy communities has important theoretical significance and reference value. Based on the principal component clustering analysis method as well as the theoretical foundation, the multiple evaluation indicators in the evaluation index system of health community construction are standardized and dimensionally reduced. At the same time, the principal component factor load matrix clustering analysis is used, combined with the practical significance and evaluation direction of the indicator categories, to propose a design idea for the classification index system. The comprehensive principal component evaluation and clustering analysis are used to quantitatively examine the level of health community construction in specific regions and make horizontal comparisons, provide theoretical support and decision-making reference for the construction of healthy communities. The correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method system were verified by numerical examples.

Формирование гуманитарного мышления у будущих инженеров-строителей в процессе изучения общеинженерных дисциплин

In modern conditions of the need to increase the prestige of an engineer and build innovative engineering in our country, there is a great demand for a professional with humanitarian thinking. Such thinking allows solving engineering problems taking into account the value-semantic component and subjective factors. As the analysis of the existing system of training future engineers shows, the task of forming humanitarian thinking in students is not actually set, and the humanitarization of engineering education is correlated either with an increase in the share of humanitarian disciplines, or with forms of the educational process that involve training some universal skills. The problem of the research is to identify, from the standpoint of the methodology of the humanitarian-anthropological and metacognitive approaches, the features of the formation of humanitarian thinking in future civil engineers. In the context of this methodology and based on the analysis of scientific literature devoted to the phenomena of humanitarianism, humanitarian knowledge, thinking and humanitarian thinking, the concepts of "humanitarian thinking" and "humanitarian engineering thinking" are clarified. The novelty of the study is that the experience of humanitarian thinking is revealed in conjunction with the metacognition of the individual and is substantiated as a humanitarian component of the content of engineering education. The conditions for the formation of humanitarian thinking in future civil engineers in the process of studying general engineering disciplines are identified. Such conditions are associated with: the inclusion of dialogic situations in the educational process, the basis of which are metacognitive cues; metaphorization of the material of academic subjects in the course of cognitive activity; the implementation of textual-dialogical technology in classes as the leading pedagogical means of forming the quality under study and a way of actualizing the position of the subject of thinking in students. The article presents the data of a diagnostic survey devoted to identifying the level of humanitarian thinking in 185 students of different courses of the engineering and technology faculty of Kalmyk State University. The results of a formative experiment are presented, which confirmed the provisions of the research hypothesis concerning the change in the qualitative attitude to the profession among students in connection with the experience of humanitarian thinking and the dependence of the level of such thinking on the skills of metacognitive cognition.

NF-κB Inhibitory Activity of the Di-Hydroxy Derivative of Piperlongumine (PL-18).

Inflammation is a critical response of the immune system to infection or injury, serving to repair and restore tissue homeostasis. While acute inflammation generally protects against harmful stimuli, prolonged and chronic inflammation have detrimental effects and disrupts tissue homeostasis. Due to the complex and multifactorial etiology of chronic inflammation, effective treatment remains elusive. We found that piperlongumine (PL)-18, a di-hydroxy derivative of PL from long pepper, inhibits the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), a master transcription factor of numerous components of the inflammatory response. NF-kB was inhibited by PL-18 in two human cell-lines, L428 and A549, by preventing the nuclear translocation of p65 NF-kB. We also found that IκB kinase (IKK) was degraded in the presence of PL-18. Furthermore, PL-18 inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines expressed by L428, a cell line with a constitutive active NF-kB. Altogether, our results suggest that PL-18 is a molecule of interest to be further developed to treat persistent infections with severe inflammation.

Effects of soil physicochemical properties on sweet corn quality in western Thailand

Thailand exports the greatest amount of sweet corn globally; however, its value per unit is low. Soil property knowledge can help to produce sweet corn with the best nutrition and taste qualities that could improve its value. This study investigated the association between soil properties and sweet corn qualitative attributes in western Thailand. Soils and sweet corn samples were taken from 8 soil series at 47 sites in the dry season. Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected and analyzed using physicochemical methods. Five selected sweet corn samples were determined for pod weight without husk, ß carotene concentration, and total soluble solids. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was used to determine the most important variables and patterns among the physicochemical properties. Three components with eigenvalues greater than 1 explained more than 66% of the total variance. The linear mixed model showed that ß carotene concentration and total soluble solids were linearly correlated with only one principal component factor (R2 = 56.6 and 64.6%, respectively), whereas there were no significant associations for total yield nor pod weight without husk with any of the principal component factors. Cluster analysis indicated that most of the soil sites were Oxyaquic Haplustalfs, Aeric Endoaqualfs, and Typic Haplustalfs with moderately well drained, and producing high-quality sweet corn. These findings should inform land use planning to improve the quality of sweet corn plantations in the dry season in western Thailand.

Feasible band boundaries computation in bilinear matrix decomposition using essential data.

Multivariate curve resolution methods are usually confronted with non-unique pure component factors. This rotational ambiguity can be represented by ranges of feasible profiles, which are equally compatible with the imposed constraints. Sensor-wise N-BANDS is an effective algorithm for the calculation of the bounds of feasible profiles in the presence of noise, but suffers from high computational cost. Sensor-wise N-BANDS has been combined with the concept of essential data points to speed up the computation. The combined algorithm provides full curve resolution independent of the number of chemical species. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated for simulated chromatographic data and experimental spectro-electrochemical data. With the new proposal, the boundaries of the set of feasible profiles in bilinear matrix decomposition can be estimated in a reasonable time, for any number of components, and in the presence of instrumental noise. For the simulated data, the reduction in computation time was more than 95%. Similarly, for the relatively large experimental spectro-electrochemical data, the reduction in computation time was over 85%.

Evolutionary trends and development of constructed wetland coupled microbial fuel cell: A decade of development.

Constructed wetland coupled microbial fuel cells (CW-MFC) have gained considerable attention as an innovative sustainable technology for simultaneous wastewater treatment and bio-electricity generation since its inception in 2012. This study, which employed bibliometrics of research articles and patent analysis, is a comprehensive investigation into the evolutionary trend and development status of CW-MFC. We analyzed 85 patents and 247 research articles using structured and unstructured data. By using the logistic model and econometric analysis, we predicted the technological life cycle and investigated the factors driving the development of CW-MFC. In addition, this study discusses the innovative hotspots, research and innovative trends, and key contributors at the forefront of this green infrastructure. The study results show that CW-MFC technology has gained greater interest under the influence of national and international policies, market demand, economic growth, and national R&D expenditure, highlighting its global impact. The study also showed that CW-MFC was predominantly distributed in Asia, with China at the forefront. The technology evolution path from both patents and papers showed the transition of research and development from the performance evaluation of CW-MFC with conventional-based technology to the current study focused on system optimization by exploring designs and component factors to enhance efficiency. Furthermore, the technological maturity (TMR) of CW-MFC was determined using the logistic model to be 50.5%, with significant potential for further development (R2=0.98). Overall, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the current trends of CW-MFC development and provides forecasting and direction for future developments.

Research on Factors Influencing the Willingness of Enterprises in Greater Bay Area to Participate in Food Safety Certification

Based on the discussion and analysis of experts in relevant fields, this study hypothesizes the factors that affect the willingness of enterprises in the Greater Bay Area to participate in food safety certification. From government support and regulation, consumer cognition, management of food hygiene certification of cognition, the same industry of food hygiene management level and perceived organizational support the five dimensions above, set up the five dimensions affect the enterprise of food security authentication of the will of structural equation model, and through the SPSS16.0 software, AMOS17.0 software and principal component analysis and structural equation model to empirical research methods of questionnaire survey data. First using the principal component analysis (PCA) to large bay area businesses involved in food safety certification will influence factors of multiple indicators for dimension reduction, refined out of the bay area businesses involved in food safety certification will influence factors of main component, using the structural equation model to the big bay enterprise participation willingness empirically the factors which influence food safety certification. The results show that government support and supervision have a significant positive impact on the willingness of food safety certification. Managers' cognition degree of food hygiene certification has significant positive influence on enterprises' willingness of food safety certification. The level of food hygiene management in the same industry has a significant positive impact on the willingness of food safety certification. The sense of organization support has a significant positive influence on the willingness of food safety certification. The influence of consumers' cognition degree on enterprises' willingness of food safety certification is not significant.

Image of Soviet medicine as a historical memory component and health behavior factor in the modern youth

Historical memory refers to the way people create specific accounts not only for political occasions and heroic moments of the past but also for healthcare system, doctors, and medical practices. The image of Soviet medicine has been perceived within two discourses: as a part of collective memory about the Soviet era and as a part of modern medicine perception. Most of the time, the image of Soviet medicine, the main feature of which was its being free-of-charge, is often contrasted with modern medical practices, many organisational features of which have caused dissatisfaction among citizens. However, modern approaches to treatment are accepted to be superior to the Soviet ones. Different interpretations of the image of the Soviet medicine influence citizens’ trust in the modern healthcare system by percolating public consciousness. Overcoming the contradiction in the perception of the Soviet and modern healthcare systems could have a positive impact not only on attitudes towards health, but also on the formation of the civic consciousness of modern citizens, especially of younger generations.

Influence of etiopathogenetic factors on the development of chronic periodontitis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Periodontitis is an irreversible periodontal disease with periods of remission and exacerbations, rapid progression and resistance to treatment. Periodontal inflammation is most often caused by specific dental microorganisms present in large numbers in niches on the surface of the teeth and further in periodontal pockets. The resulting microbial dysbacteriosis, in conjunction with disproportionate inflammatory immune reactions of a person, contributes to the development of inflammatory conditions, which leads to tissue destruction. Studies of the causal relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases indicate that periodontal pathogens and the resulting immune­­inflammatory reactions are associated with the etiopathogenesis of most non­­infectious systemic diseases, including non­­alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The article presents the results of using a data set to obtain information about factors that can directly influence the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis in patients with NAFLD. Objective — to investigate the cause­­and­­effect relationships between potential risk factors for the development of chronic periodontitis in patients with non­­alcoholic fatty liver disease to determine a reliable diagnostic tool for the prevention of periodontitis. Materials and methods. The study included 259 patients with verified NAFLD. After pre­­processing of the data, 10 most important factors were identified, which were arranged into 4 components from 53 potential ones used as input features. Principal component analysis was assessed using the varimax rotation method with Kaiser normalization. To identify factors, we used a value of >1 and a factor load of >0.4. Results. Factor analysis revealed 4 components (factors) of periodontitis risk (alimentary, salivary, hygienic and metabolic) which together explained 72% of the variance of the measurements. The analysis noted the influence of unhealthy eating habits and oral hygiene and changes in oral fluid on periodontal health, especially in the context of NAFLD. Conclusions. The results obtained make it possible to develop new approaches to the prevention and treatment of periodontitis, especially in patients with metabolic diseases.

Assessing Prevention Protocols by a Brief Questionnaire in the Infectious Respiratory Diseases Pandemics: An Application in Pedestrian Population in COVID-19 Pandemic

To perform effective prevention programs, we need to know how well people follow prevention protocols, like mask use and social distancing, measuring using standard tools. This study aims to develop and validate a brief questionnaire to assess the compliance with prevention protocols against infectious respiratory diseases pandemics including COVID-19 in pedestrians. This cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling method in May and June 2021. Construct validity of the questionnaire was assessed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Content validity was evaluated by quantitative method, thus, Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) were calculated. For reliability of the questionnaire, the internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha, and test-retest reliability using Spearman-Brown correlation coefficient were assessed. A total of 324 persons from three provinces of Iran participated in this study. The mean age (SD) of participants was 41.5 (16.7). The CVR values resulted in the elimination of two questions. The Scale level CVI/Average (S-CVI/Ave) was equal to 0.992; and Scale level CVI/Universal Agreement (S-CVI/UA) was 0.889. One factor with five items emerged from principal component factor analysis accounting for 51.99% of the variance. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient equal to 0.76 indicated an acceptable internal consistency and the Spearman-Brown correlation coefficient of 0.939 depicted stability of the questionnaire. This questionnaire is a brief tool with acceptable validity and reliability to evaluate the compliance with preventive protocols during infectious respiratory diseases outbreaks in order for policy-makers to make effective interventions to slow down the spread of disease.

Внутренняя структура инструмента измерения школьной мотивации подростков

The main aim of this study was to examine the internal structure of a self-developed instrument “the adolescents’ school motivation measuring tool” instrument for use of adolescent school. Exploratory quantitative research approach, and its design was grounded within the exploratory type. A total of 489 school-going adolescents completed the questionnaire. A principal component factor analysis with varimax rotation confirmed the four-factor structure of the adolescents’ school motivation measurement tool, while confirmatory factor analysis was performed to establish the appropriateness of the instrument. The findings established that each of the factors, had good internal reliability values 0.88%, 0.87%, 0.87%, and 0.81% respectively. The SEM model of school motivation confirmed that the factor structure was a good model as the RMSEA (p = 0.066) was significant at a high level. Further, it was also affirmed that inter-correlations existed among each of the components: cognitive and success motivation (r = 0.95); cognitive and social motivation (r = 0.73); and success and social motivation (r = 0.73). Low correlation existed between the components of social and failure avoidance motivation (r = 0.03). This study concluded that the four factors are appropriate measures of adolescents’ school motivation tool for the use of school-going adolescents.

Seasonal and Spatial Discrimination of Sandy Beaches Using Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy Analysis: A Comparative Study of Maltese Bays

The general increase in awareness of environmental pollutants and typical sources reflects the application of sustainability and development goals. Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence spectroscopy analysis has been used to analyse sand samples collected from five different beaches located on the east and north-eastern coasts of Malta and Gozo during two summers and two winters. Samples were collected along linear transects perpendicular to the shoreline at three different depths. Chemometrics were used to discriminate between four latent variables, including season, location, depth, and distance from shoreline. The highest concentrations were attributed to Fe2O3, Al2O3, SrO, and SnO2. Principal Components Analysis and Factor Analysis classified distributions of Fe2O3, CoO, As2O3, MnO, SrO, SeO2, and CaCO3 under Principal Component 1. However, since no loading value dominance was observed, such distributions most likely represent a combination of lithogenic and anthropogenic natures. Discrimination using Stepwise Linear Canonical Discriminant Analysis (SLC-DA) and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) using Leave-One-Out-Cross-Validation with Variance Importance Plots proved highly effective in classifying data by location, followed by seasonal variability. It follows that concentrations are not affected by depth and distance from shoreline variability, proving that accumulation and anthropogenic effects from land are not concentrated in specific zones but are spatially spread out along the bays and do not increase with depth.

Influence of the nature of the distribution of recombination centers in the space charge region of the p–n junction on the parameters of the current–voltage characteristics within the classical Shockley and Shockley–Noyce–Sah models

Abstract The behavior of current–voltage characteristics (CVC) within the classical Shockley and Shockley–Noyce–Sah models depending on the nature of the distribution of recombination centers in the space charge region of the p–n junction was analyzed. Notably, the non-ideality factor determined from experimental CVC cannot be introduced into the exponent of the mathematical model of the CVC because it is unrelated to the physical nature of the exponentials of classical models but indicates the voltage dependence of the pre-exponential factor of the recombination component of the total current. The exponential factor of the model with a non-ideality factor describing the experimental CVC presents only a mathematical approximation of a small portion of it.

The relationship between society and language acquisition: influence and interaction, a comparative study between linguistics, sociology, and philosophy

Language is one of the most significant aspects of human behavior, serving as a tool to express thoughts and emotions while also revealing societal identity and culture. This importance has attracted the attention of linguists, psychologists, sociologists, and other scholars to study language and its impact on humans. Language plays a pivotal role in maintaining societal cohesion and unity by acting as a binding medium across generations. However, disruptions to this tool pose challenges to linguistic communication within society, as it serves as the foundation for interaction and engagement. Based on this understanding, sociologists and cultural scholars have emphasized the importance of the first language, focusing on its transmission to future generations and its development through raising awareness and educating members of society. The primary aim of this paper is to provide an accurate description of the relationship between society, environment, and language. Raised in a culturally deprived environment, a person often experiences linguistic disadvantage, as the linguistic development of any society, across all its dimensions and aspects, significantly impacts its members. Given that the study uses Arabic as a model to present its ideas, it seeks to establish the connection between language and identity in general and Arabic specifically. Society regards Arabic as an essential component and dynamic factor. Identity has emerged as a critical issue on the international stage, particularly after the transformations that have reshaped the structure of the global system.

Proposed reliable peak component factors for ductile light NSCs subjected to horizontal ground motions

Proposed reliable peak component factors for ductile light NSCs subjected to horizontal ground motions

The impact of digital transformation and ESG on customer behaviour towards brands at commercial banks in Ho Chi Minh city

ESG (environmental, social and governance, a framework used to assess an organisation’s business practices and performance on various sustainability and ethical issues) and Digital Transformation (the process of using digital technologies to change a business’s operations, products and services by integrating digital solutions into all areas of the business, which can lead to cultural and technological changes) are emerging issues across different industries, including the banking field. There has been limited research focusing on exploring the linkages between ESG, Digital Transformation and Customer Behaviour in the banking area, especially within developing countries such as Vietnam. Based on this gap, this study analyses and assesses the role of Digital Transformation and ESG on customer behaviour towards brands in the banking sector in Ho Chi Minh City. The research employed the quantitative research methods with the combination of fundamental analytical methods such as statistics, Cronbach’s alpha reliability, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), measurement models and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The analysis was based on survey data from 550 customers who are the commercial banks’ current customers and live in Ho Chi Minh City, yielding 514 valid responses. Using SPSS and SMART PLS software, the study provided notable results. Specifically: (1) The component factors of ESG, including Environmental Issues (EN), Social Issues (SO), Government Issues (GO) and Digital Transformation (DT), positively influence Customer Behaviour (CB); (2) The component factors of ESG, including Environmental Issues (EN), Social Issues (SO) and Government Issues (GO), play a mediating role in the relationship between Digital Transformation (DT) and Customer Behaviour (CB).

Exploring user preferences for lighting and spatial conditions and the impact on atmospheric qualities of Catholic churches

The transformations in the design of Catholic church architecture, partly influenced by the Second Vatican Council, have led to notable changes in spatial and lighting conditions. This research endeavors to investigate user preferences concerning lighting and spatial elements in Catholic church buildings. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach, executed in two stages. Data collection involves the utilization of online questionnaires employing a non-random/non-probability sampling method. Subsequent data analysis incorporates principal component analysis, factor analysis, and correlation analysis. Each independent variable is systematically analyzed to discern user preferences. The findings of the study reveal that factors such as color, contrast, visual comfort, lighting hierarchy, visual richness, building age, perceived building shape, verticality, symmetry, and secluded space exert influence on the stimulation of positive and spiritual impressions. The research sheds light on the intricate interplay between architectural elements and user perceptions within the context of Catholic church design, providing valuable insights for further considerations in sustainable and meaningful architectural practices.

Structural equation modelling of the critical barriers influencing the adoption of green building concepts and technologies in Ghana

Purpose In Ghana, the adoption and application of green building concepts and technologies have not been fully explored. The study aimed to look into the key barriers and how they affect this. Design/methodology/approach Purposive and snowball sampling techniques were used to select a total of 292 construction industry stakeholders in Ghana who provided information via a questionnaire survey used for the data collection. Exploratory factor analysis and Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) were used for computing the data analyses. Findings According to the study findings, the top five most critical barriers to the uptake of green building concepts and technologies (GBCs and Ts) in Ghana are: lack of government incentives/supports for implementing green building technologies (GBTs), lack of knowledge and awareness of GBTs and their benefits, lack of GBTs databases and information, Lack of green building (GB) expertise/skilled labour and Higher costs of GBTs. Principal Component Factor Analysis was used to further analyse the data, which allowed for the reduction of the 27 (27) factors to just four (4) underlying critical barriers: (1) government and knowledge-associated barriers, (2) technical barriers, (3) cost and finance barriers and (4) stakeholders’ attitude barriers. PLS-SEM techniques were used to analyse this collection of barriers, and the results showed that stakeholders’ attitude-associated barriers and cost and finance-related barriers have a significant negative influence on the uptake of GBCs and Ts in Ghana. This study’s findings have provided empirical evidence of the critical barriers to the uptake of GBCs and Ts from all stakeholders. Stakeholders desirous of implementing GBCs and Ts would work against the negative influences on the uptake of GBCs and TS. Originality/value Although there has been an abundance of research to examine the critical barriers to GB, however, the uniqueness of this study is nested in modelling the influence of the barriers on the adoption of GBCs and Ts using the PLS-SEM path modelling.

Quantifying of morphological character for Kacang goat using principal component factor analysis

The study’s objective was to estimate the association among various linear body measurements and body weights of adult Kacang goats. The data was obtained from 209 heads of adult Kacang Goat, compressed 78 bucks and 131 ewes. The morphological evaluation was performed by measuring body weight (BW), body length (BL), chest depth (CD), chest girth (CG), chest width (CW), and withers height (WH). Factor PROCEDURE was performed to estimate the principal component. The result of factor analysis was used to determine the independent variable for linear regression analysis. BW has a favorable correlation with CG, BL, CD, CW, and WH for bucks and ewes. PC 1 accounts for 55.62% of the variation in bucks, while PC 2 accounts for an additional 18.34%. PC 1 accounts for just 0.45% of the overall variation in ewes, whereas PC 2 accounts for 0.24%. The R-squared (R2) values for bucks and ewes in the regression equation with CG as the independent variable are 0.32 and 0.41, respectively. For both bucks and ewes, the regression equation with CW as the independent variable had a higher R2 of 0.52 and 0.20, respectively. For bucks and ewes, the regression equation'sR2 values are 0.54 and 0.44, respectively, with combined CG and CW acting as independent variables. This integrated approach to analyzing body measurements in Kacang Goats provides a robust foundation for making informed decisions in goat farming.