Component Of State Policy Research Articles

Information culture as a component of the formation of state policy in the field of vocational pre-higher education

The current stage of development of social relations is characterized by rapid activation of digital (information) technologies. The intensive progress of science and technological progress have become the main features of modern society. The use of digital technologies gave impetus to the processes of transformation in society - the informational transformation of social relations, which is expressed in the application of modern digital technologies in various spheres of human activity. Education acquires new features and a new meaning in the information society.
 It was noted that the prospects of future use by specialists of the possibilities of informatization, the possibility of online communication, the use of automated search and reference legal systems and electronic databases of legal information call for the need to study information culture as a component of state policy in the field of vocational pre-university education.
 The article is devoted to highlighting those changes that form new relations in society, and shows the importance of the formation of information culture and its influence on the implementation of state policy in the field of vocational pre-higher education.
 It is emphasized that the successful performance of tasks in any field of production also depends on the information culture of specialists, which consists in the knowledge and ability to use the entire set of legal means of working with information during the performance of official duties within the limits of competence established by law and other legal acts . It was established that today a manager, a high-level specialist, is obliged to work with a computer, use the capabilities of information systems and work with large amounts of information.
 It is suggested that, in the implementation of state policy in the field of vocational pre-higher education, serious attention should be paid to the formation of information culture. In addition, during the training of specialists in vocational higher education institutions, one of the mandatory disciplines should be "Information culture".

The essence and specificity of the state multiculturalism policy

The main aim of this article is to examine multiculturalism as a specific policy of multi-ethnic states, and its essence and specificity. Multiculturalism can be considered as a policy aimed at preserving and developing cultural diversity in a particular state, as well as a theory or ideology justifying such policy. In the essence of multiculturalism lies the idea of the peaceful coexistence of different groups – ethnic, racial, religious, cultural, and other – within one state. The present study addresses the following research question: how multiculturalism obligations have been considered by states policy? In the course of the research, the answer to this question was achieved by analysing what multiculturalism is, and then – examining several theoretical approaches to this policy. As a result, the author concluded that multiculturalism can be a component of state policy only in states where the government actively promotes and protects the rights and interests of various cultural groups.

POSTWAR ANTI-SEMITISM ON THE TERRITORY OF THE UKRAINIAN SSR (1944-1947): ORIGINS, MANIFESTATIONS AND CONSEQUENCES

The purpose of the article is a comprehensive analysis of the causes, manifestations, and scale of anti-Semitism in the first post-war years on the territory of Soviet Ukraine and its consequences in consciousness and social life.
 Methodology. The general scientific and special historical methods (historical-genetic, historical-typological, historical-systemic) research applied in the work made it possible to reveal the peculiarities of anti-Semitism in the post-war period, to determine the relationships between the influence of Nazi propaganda on the eve/during the war and Soviet realities in which Jews the role of the "internal enemy" was fixed. Among the methods used in the research is the verbal history method.
 Scientific novelty. An attempt was made to investigate the peculiarities of Stalin's national policy in the difficult transition period from war to peace (1944-1947) using the example of the so-called "Jewish question" on the basis of various sources – from official documents, memories that appeared in Soviet times, to oral history memories of living contemporaries of the events. The content of the policy and its influence on the formation of persistent anti-Semitic sentiments in Soviet society are outlined. The new attack on Jewry officially began only in 1948, before that this issue was in a state of limbo, which was also facilitated by the foreign political situation. Therefore, it is important to investigate the specifics of the manifestation of anti-Semitism in 1944-1947 and its subsequent impact on the situation of Jews.
 Conclusions. Having survived the hell of the war, the Jews faced difficulties in relations with the authorities and the population of their own country. Post-war anti-Semitism was caused by post-war devastation, the consequences of Nazi anti-Semitic propaganda during the occupation, Stalin's passive and uncertain position on the Jewish question, and the traditional, for a totalitarian system, desire to have an internal enemy. Hatred of the Jews of this period manifested itself in pogroms, problems in returning to work, difficulties in returning one's home and property. However, anti-Semitism became a component of state policy only in 1948.

STATECRAFT AND PATRIOTISM AS NECESSARY PRECONDITIONS FOR PROFESSIONALISM OF PUBLIC SERVANT

Аnnotation. The article analyzes the concepts of “patriotism” and “statecraft”, including in the context of the genesis of their formation and the identification of these phenomena with the institution of public service in Ukraine. The role of a component of patriotism and statesmanship in forming a holistic picture of the professionalism of public servants, local self-government officials, including judges, prosecutors, military, police officers, and representatives of diplomatic services is assessed. The ethical, legal, and value aspects of the factor of national-patriotic consciousness were considered, and it was proved that patriotism is a necessary and fundamental component of the professionalism of public servant. The article also substantiates that patriotism and statecraft are fundamental components of the professionalism of public servant, regardless of the level of his position, and national-patriotic education is a necessary component of state policy. It should be noted that the ways of increasing the level of effectiveness of national-patriotic education require a presence of improved approaches, which should be based on an axiological approach. National-patriotic consciousness is an integral component of a person’s worldview, and the worldview is formed precisely on the values that are instilled in person, which it takes into its personal moral and ethical arsenal. Awareness of universal, as well as national values, a deep understanding of their essence – this should be the basis of national-patriotic education of an individual, a citizen of Ukraine. Going back to the factor of national-patriotic consciousness of public servants, it is worth to note that this factor should be obtained primarily as an important element in the formation of professional ethics of an official. This factor should not be neglected during competitive selection for public service positions at any level. It is also necessary to pay attention to how the future employee skillfully mastered the state language while performing official duties and beyond. It is also worth considering of how a candidate for a position in a public body gets acquainted with the cultural and historical values of the Ukrainian people. As an option, it is possible to consider a possibility of introducing an additional exam for future public servants, meaning an exam on general issues of the history and cultural studies of Ukraine. A similar practice exists in democratic countries; it is advisable to investigate the issue of its application in Ukraine as well.

МЕЖРЕГИОНАЛЬНОЕ СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВО КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ДОСТИЖЕНИЯ СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКИХ ЦЕЛЕЙ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ АРКТИЧЕСКИХ РЕГИОНОВ РОССИИ

The article describes the strategic goals of the Arctic regions and describes the possibilities of achieving them through joint efforts. Attention is paid to the analysis of the positions of the Arctic regions in the rating of socio-economic development of the subjects of the Russian Federation. As a result of the analysis, the author comes to the conclusion that, despite the similarity of the subjects of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and the presence of common problems, the Arctic regions prefer to compete rather than work on interregional cooperation. Further, from a theoretical and methodological point of view, the role of interregional cooperation in the socio-economic development of the Arctic regions of Russia as an important component of state policy is revealed. Among the main tasks of interregional cooperation: reducing transaction costs in related industries; increasing the advantages of the territory; increasing the level of regional self-awareness; a variety of management procedures; creating a single information space; joint plans for the future of several subjects. The author refers to the main obstacles to interregional cooperation: lack of free funds in the budgets of the regions; insufficient regulation of cooperation; lack of traditions and experience of interregional cooperation; lack of priority of projects affecting the interests of several regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The importance of the implementation of interregional cooperation in terms of the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Arctic territories is emphasized.

National development strategies in terms of ensuring environmental rights and interests: Comparative approach

The study is devoted to scientific and theoretical analysis of the principles of state activity in the development of national policy in the context of ensuring human’s environmental rights and interests, the creation of effective legal mechanisms for their guarantee, exercise, and protection, solving systemic issues in this area. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive examination and analysis of legislation from the standpoint of greening national and foreign policy, national development strategies. The methodological basis of the study is a set of general philosophical, general scientific, special scientific, and legal methods. It is proposed to consider greening as a multifaceted phenomenon. In general, the state environmental policy is a component of state policy, which fixes its strategic goals and objectives, defined for the future, considering environmental factors. It is proved that at the legislative level there should be clear mechanisms for the legal support of integration of environmental policy into sectoral, national, and regional strategies, local action plans, and interaction with civil society institutions, the scientific community. It is argued that modern state environmental policy and further systematisation of environmental legislation should be based on the provisions of environmental law doctrine to consider modern approaches to environmental regulation, integration of environmental requirements and regulations to state planning, sectoral, regional, and local development. Based on conducted research and synthesis, proposals and recommendations for the development of a unified concept of legal policy, in particular, environmental legal policy as its component, also, for the improvement of national regulatory framework (namely by adopting the Concept of systematisation of environmental legislation and modernisation of the contemporary strategy of state environmental policy) are elaborated

ETHNIC INTOLERANCE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SPREAD OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: CHALLENGES AND CONTROL MEASURES

The article identifies the main ethno-political challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, which had global consequences for the level of social cohesion and social stability, as well as the pace of further sustainable development at the international and national levels. The global COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on human rights worldwide and has led to growing social inequality and discrimination against individual minority communities, as well as to the conflict potential of ethnic/racial relations in societies through the spread of ethnic xenophobia and intolerance.
 The article aims to analyze the main trends of interethnic intolerance during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukrainian society and to identify public policy approaches to ensure domestic political stability and social cohesion in the field of interethnic relations. The article analyzes the manifestations of the main tendencies of the coronavirus pandemic influence on the state of ethnic groups in the Ukrainian society, the level of ethnic tolerance and the manifestations of interethnic intolerance. The article concludes that despite a growing trend of xenophobia towards ethnic groups, no significant increase in hate crimes has been registered in Ukraine. However, shortcomings of the legal framework negatively affect the ability of the authorities to effectively register and confront the manifestations of ethnic intolerance at the national level.
 The article also analyzes the influence of socio-economic instability on the manifestations of xenophobia and the perceived/real threat of discrimination based on ethnicity. The author defines the need to overcome socio-economic inequality of vulnerable minority groups, which is an important component of state policy of sustainable development in the post-COVID period. The article also considers the risks of spreading interethnic prejudices and hate speech in the domestic information space, their impact on the state of interethnic relations in Ukrainian society, social consolidation for sustainable development of Ukraine.

Development and implementation of technologies for cultural enlightenment in the context of state cultural policy: semantic guidelines and priority areas

The article represents the topical trends in contemporary Russian political discourse. The author proceeds from the thesis about the strengthening of the importance of the cultural component of state policy in relation to the education of young people, the reproduction of the political elite, as well as the building of communicative influences between the elite and the people. The article provides an overview of the legal framework of sources within the framework of the research area under consideration. In particular, the article analyzes changes in the field of constitutional legislation, as well as new law-making initiatives in the context of the discussion and adoption of the Laws on Culture and Youth Policy. Significant research platforms are highlighted that accentuate the problems of cultural policy, in the aspects of forming the foundations of the traditional cultural and civilizational identity of youth, as well as the reproduction and improvement of the quality of human capital in the field of training management personnel. Within the framework of the article, the phenomenon of cultural enlightenment is positioned as a promising direction of cultural policy, which is very relevant from the point of view of solving the problems being analyzed. The concept of «cultural imperative» is put forward, designed to become one of the «catalysts» of the process of value-semantic formation of the political elite. The methodological basis of the study was interpretive and empirical methods of studying the impact of state cultural policy, including cultural enlightenment, on the political outlook and socialization of young people, as well as the study of youth as a subject of political relations, its place and role in the political processes of the Russian state, development strategies civic and patriotic activity of young people in a modern society subject to globalization and informatization. In our research, we turned to an interdisciplinary method, in particular, we use the research techniques of sociology in the framework of monitoring on key research issues. As the results of the research, the author proposes projects of optional courses and retraining courses aimed at enriching the system of training the future political elite with value-semantic content through the tools of cultural enlightenment.

The physical activity and sport in life of elder generation of Russian cities

The article is devoted to implementation of state policy of increasing duration of healthy life and active longevity of population through involvement of the elderly into sport and physical activity. The article is based on the results of focus group discussions of respondents aged 60 years and older. The interest and personal involvement of the elderly in sport and physical activity, including corresponding personal motivation and attitude. The particular obstacles to sport activities in specific Russian cities including inconsistencies between municipality administration proposals for exercises and opportunities of participating in area of residence of the elderly. The proposals of the elderly related to to sports [promotion in their residences as component of state policy in increasing duration of active longevity are summarized.