Components Of Information System Research Articles

The Impact of Managerial Accounting Techniques on Short-term Decisions

This study aims to determine the importance of managerial accounting in the process of short-term decision-making. Since managerial accounting is a crucial component of the financial information system and is crucial in making decisions in big companies or SMEs, while managerial accounting is only briefly discussed in the majority of economic units, there are some organizations where certified public accountants view managerial accounting as an optional component of the business. Financial data was collected from one of the SME companies in KRG/Sulaimani governorate, which is Mariwan Gallery, located in Bazian. The results indicate that managerial accounting has a significant effect on the process of short-term decision-making. This study recommends that all businesses, including small shops, hire accountants in order to make critical financial decisions. This helps businesses perform better, and it also provides more job opportunities for society.

Database Construction and Application of Large-scale Geospatial Data

Abstract. Geospatial data refers to data that related to spatial location. It is the abstract representation of objects, events, or other characteristic information located on or near the surface of the Earth. It characterizes attribute features, spatial features, and associated information of geospatial features. Geospatial data commonly include various data types such as point, polyline, polygon, and so on. Geospatial database is the basic method to store and manage geospatial data. It is also the important component of geographic information systems (GIS). Geospatial database generally stores data in a specific structure in a medium, which can achieve efficient management of geospatial data. Users can add, modify, and delete data efficiently. Furthermore, query retrieval and statistical analysis can be quickly performed based on geospatial database. In this paper, distributed geospatial database is constructed by using database partition tables storage technology. Meanwhile, database construction software is developed to achieve the construction, management, and application of large-scale geospatial data. It can improve data import, query and retrieval efficiency significantly. The database application service system can directly connect to the database for displaying statistical analysis results. At the same time, geospatial data are processed to vector tiles, which stored in the tile database. Furthermore, standard online service is then published, which can be used for database management and application service system. It can be used for natural resource management work such as basic surveying, survey and monitoring, and so on.

Multi-channel photonic sampled ADC with hybrid deep-learning for distortion recovery

Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is indispensable components in modern information systems, and photonic technologies have emerged as promising avenues for overcoming bottlenecks in ADC performance. This paper introduces a novel approach: a photonic sampled ADC integrated with a neural network that combines Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformers for data recovery. The proposed system utilizes a multi-wavelength optical sampling pulse train interleaved in the time domain through fiber dispersion. Sampled signals are quantified in parallel channels by electronic ADC (EADC). Through supervised training, the hybrid deep neural network extracts both local and global features of photonic system defects, enabling the recovery of distorted data. Experimental validation showcases the effectiveness of this architecture, achieving successful reconstruction of radio frequency (RF) signals at a sampling rate of 12 Giga-samples per second (Gs/s) with an effective number of bits (ENOB) of 7.13. The results underscore the potential of the proposed architecture in achieving high conversion accuracy in multi-channel photonic sampled ADCs.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ СИСТЕМ ДОКУМЕНТООБІГУ ТА ЗВІТНОСТІ ЛОГІСТИЧНИМИ КОМПАНІЯМИ УКРАЇНИ

The article explores the possibilities and ways of using information technologies for document management and electronic reporting at logistics enterprises. Theoretical approaches to understanding the goals and tasks of logistics information systems in transport technologies have been considered. The main information technology systems that change the logistics industry in modern conditions have been characterized, namely: RPA; chat bots; visualization; Artificial Intelligence; predictive analytics. The electronic technologies used for information provision in Ukrainian practice, the IT-Enterprise ERP system of JSC ‘Ukrposhta’ and the CRM system of the company ‘Epicentr K’ have been analyzed. Their characteristics and advantages of use have been defined. It have been found that the basis of the functional component of the modern information system is a single module of operations between the links of the logistics system, which determines the relationship between the functional divisions of the company (in terms of the implementation of logistics functions), intermediate links and consumers of the company’s products. The implementation of a logistics information system in the work of a logistics enterprise makes it possible: - to increase the efficiency of its work, achieve a high level of service for customers and ensure effective control; - to ensure a modern approach to the management of implementation processes and the organization of various types of events; - to monitor the efficiency of commercial operations; - to conduct an analysis of the profitability of the activity; - to increase the effectiveness of price policy, etc. The problems of the introduction of electronic document flow and reporting systems in Ukraine have been noted: - the problem of interoperability in electronic document flow; - lack of clear standards and requirements for electronic reporting, companies may hesitate to switch to this type of reporting; – constant changes in legislation and requirements can create difficulties for enterprises in implementing stable electronic reporting systems; - inconsistency of electronic reporting formats with global ones; high implementation costs; - concerns about data privacy and security can deter companies from switching to electronic reporting, especially when the security of information on the network is at stake.

Electronic nanolithography as a basic nanoavionics technology

The need for further development of electronic components of aviation and rocket-space information and commu-nication systems towards nanoelectronics brings nanolithography to the forefront as its basic technology. A promis-ing nanolithography method is electron nanolithography (ENL). Advantages of ENL: 1) potential resolution - less than 2 nm, 2) possibility of direct recording without the use of masks, 3) possibility of using standard film resistors, 4) low density of defects in circuits, 5) controllability using electric and magnetic fields, 6) possibility use of ready-made industrial installations (microscopes, lithographs for masks). This review examines the principles of con-struction, the history of creation and the current state of ENL, with an emphasis on its features, as well as its classi-fication and stages of development. In addition, one of the main problems of ENL that requires a solution is con-sidered – the development of special electronic resists and methods for increasing their resolution and sensitivity.

Information model for assessing the impact of tactical material procurement risks on order fulfillment in make-to-order manufacturing

Manufacturing businesses are showing increased interest in the issue of supply risks for materials and components. In recent decades, numerous studies and reviews have been published on the subject of supply chain risks. However, most research examines the global impact of risks on business as a whole and proposes a multi-level procedure for identifying, assessing, and developing risk mitigation measures, which should be carried out in advance with the involvement of specialists and experts. Nevertheless in maketo-order manufacturing, it is important to assess the risks of material supply for individual production orders, at the same time taking into account constant changes in production state and supply chains. The problem of assessing the risks of material supply gets even more complicated at enterprises with a high mix of manufactured products. To solve the above-mentioned problems, the authors propose an automated model for risks evaluation. The model is implemented as a component of the enterprise's information system (ERP) and uses data from the technological, production, inventory, and logistics modules to calculate the probability of deviation in order fulfillment time from the planned schedule due to potential disruptions in material supply chains. When executing the model, it analyzes the production's material requirements in both volumetric and calendar terms, inventory levels, and the condition of supply channels. The risks of delayed delivery for each material are expressed as the standard deviation of the delivery date from the planned date and are calculated by composing the risks for segments (elements) of the supply chain, the risks for which are, in turn, calculated based on performance data accumulated in the logistics module, with the possibility of introducing correction coefficients and expert evaluations. The overall risk of order material supply is determined by summing up the delivery risks of individual materials, expressed as the corresponding standard deviations. The model's results can be used for managerial decision-making in production and procurement or for communicating expected order fulfillment times to customers. The model has been tested at an enterprise in the electrical engineering industry.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PEMBERDAYAAN DIGITAL MARKETING, DIGITAL DASAR –DASAR AKUNTANSI (KONSEP, PRINSIP, DAN TEORI) TERHADAP KINERJA UMKM DI PRAYA LOMBOK TENGAH

The purpose of this study is to determine whether Digital Marketing, Digital Accounting Basics measured by E-commerce, E-commerce Applications, Benefits of E-Commerce in the business world, Benefits of E-Commerce for customers, E-Commerce Payment Processes, and Accounting Information System Components have a significant effect both simultaneously and partially on the performance of MSMEs in Praya Lombok. The population is all MSMEs as many as 3,988 samples taken 98 out of 3,988. The results of the study showed that the six independent variables each had a significant effect both partially and simultaneously on the performance of MSMEs, the coefficient value of the six positive variables means that there is a unidirectional relationship between the following five variables and MSME performance. The strength of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables indicated by the R value of 94.0% indicates that the correlation relationship is very strong. Variations in MSME performance are explained by variations in the six independent variables with a value of 87.5% indicated by adjusted R2, while the remaining 12.5% is explained by other causes outside the model. It was identified that in predicting the dependent variable, where seen from the Standard Error of Estimate (SEE) value of 0.142, it was concluded that the smaller the SEE value, the more accurate the regression model would be in predicting the dependent variable.

Empowering Healthcare: A Comprehensive Guide to Implementing a Robust Medical Information System—Components, Benefits, Objectives, Evaluation Criteria, and Seamless Deployment Strategies

Empowering Healthcare: A Comprehensive Guide to Implementing a Robust Medical Information System—Components, Benefits, Objectives, Evaluation Criteria, and Seamless Deployment Strategies

Analisis Penerapan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Dalam Menunjang Efektivitas Pengendalian Internal Pemberian Kredit Pada Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jawa Barat Dan Banten, Tbk KCP Jampang Kulon

This study aims to find out 1) know the application of accounting information systems, 2) know the application of accounting information systems for lending 3) know the application of effective internal control systems at PT. Regional Development Bank of West Java and Banten, Tbk KCP Jampang Kulon. The type of research used is a descriptive qualitative method, where this research data is obtained from direct observation and interviews with Bank BJB and obtained from documents related to this study. The results of this study show that the accounting information system at Bank BJB KCP Jampang Kulon has been implemented and most of them are good enough according to the provisions at Bank BJB and have fulfilled the elements of the accounting information system components. However, there are weaknesses in the system used, namely there are still problems that occur such as errors and also the sharing of accounts with other users so that it can result in errors in transactions and the blame party is the owner of the account. As for the accounting information system for lending, it has also been implemented in accordance with the lending procedure at Bank BJB KCP Jampang. In addition, the internal control system of Bank BJB KCP Jampang Kulon has also been implemented and most of them are effective and have fulfilled the internal control components according to COSO. In practice, the components that are run are effective, but the LMS system used is still not effective because there are still errors and there are still sharing SLIK accounts with other KCPs so that it can hamper the SLIK submission process.

Management accounting is a component of the general accounting information system

Management accounting is a component of the general accounting information system

Training of future primary school and computer science teachers in the structure of information systems

The active renewal of teacher education is driven by the contradiction between the need for new specialists and the lack of a clear strategy for modernising the educational process. The purpose of this study was to highlight all aspects of the process of training future primary school and computer science teachers to implement digital systems in conjunction with pedagogical conditions. The study employed such research methods as comparison, synthesis, observation, analysis, and abstraction. The key findings suggest that Ukraine is undergoing educational reforms aimed at updating the content and improving teaching and learning methods. The study covered the objectives, content, methods, forms, means of teaching the discipline “Computer Science (Structure and Main Components of Information Systems)” studied by future primary school and computer science teachers who undergo their professional training in the educational programmes 013 “Primary Education and Computer Science”, 014 “Secondary Education (Labour Training and Technologies. Computer Science)” at Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University. The study analysed the latest publications on the subject matter of the study. Based on the analysis of the possibilities and concrete potentials of using information technologies, the expediency of their introduction into personal and professional development of future primary school specialists was determined, the principal conditions for their use and for the developed teacher in the educational information system were highlighted. The study highlighted the content of classes aimed at developing information and communication skills and other key competences of future primary school and computer science teachers in studying the subject “Computer Science (Structure and main components of information systems)”. The conclusions of this study state that the methodological recommendations for the organisation of practical classes in the course provide pedagogical support to teachers and contribute to the creation of a favourable learning and cognitive atmosphere during training. The practical significance of this study is to build a qualitative model that aims to improve the training future primary school and computer science teachers to implement digital systems in conjunction with pedagogical conditions

Management Information Systems for Tree Fruit–2: Design of a Mango Harvest Forecast Engine

Spatially enabled yield forecasting is a key component of farm Management Information Systems (MISs) for broadacre grain production, enabling management decisions such as variable rate fertilization. However, such a capability has been lacking for soft (fleshy)-tree-fruit harvest load, with relevant tools for automated assessment having been developed only recently. Such tools include improved estimates of the heat units required for fruit maturation and in-field machine vision for flower and fruit count and fruit sizing. Feedback on the need for and issues in forecasting were documented. A mango ‘harvest forecast engine’ was designed for the forecasting of harvest timing and fruit load, to aid harvest management. Inputs include 15 min interval temperature data per orchard block, weekly manual or machine-vision-derived estimates of flowering, and preharvest manual or machine-vision-derived estimates of fruit load on an orchard block level across the farm. Outputs include predicted optimal harvest time and fruit load, on a per block and per week basis, to inform harvest scheduling. Use cases are provided, including forecast of the order of harvest of blocks within the orchard, management of harvest windows to match harvesting resources such as staff availability, and within block spatial allocation of resources, such as adequate placement of harvest field bin and frost fans. Design requirements for an effective harvest MIS software artefact incorporating the forecast engine are documented, including an integrated database supporting spatial query, data analysis, processing and mapping, an integrated geospatial database for managing of large spatial–temporal datasets, and use of dynamic web map services to enable rapid visualization of large datasets.

Hyperparameters optimization XGBoost for network intrusion detection using CSE-CIC-IDS 2018 dataset

<p>With the introduction of high-speed internet access, the demand for security and dependable networks has grown. In recent years, network attacks have gotten more complex and intense, making security a vital component of organizational information systems. Network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) have become an essential detection technology to protect data integrity and system availability against such attacks. NIDS is one of the most well-known areas of machine learning software in the security field, with machine learni ng algorithms constantly being developed to improve performance. This research focuses on detecting abnormalities in societal infiltration using the hyperparameters optimization XGBoost (HO-XGB) algorithm with the Communications Security Establishment-The Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity-Intrusion Detection System2018 (CSE-CIC-IDS2018) dataset to get the best potential results. When compared to typical machine learning methods published in the literature, HO-XGB outperforms them. The study shows that XGBoost outperforms other detection algorithms. We refined the HO-XGB model's hyperparameters, which included learning_rate, subsample, max_leaves, max_depth, gamma, colsample_bytree, min_child_weight, n_estimators, max_depth, and reg_alpha. The experimental findings reveal that HO-XGB1 outperforms multiple parameter settings for intrusion detection, effectively optimizing XGBoost's hyperparameters.</p>

Identifying and validating the components for the development of an information system for health grey literature in Iran: A mixed method approach.

Considering the importance and necessity of establishing a nationwide information system for health grey literature in Iran, this study aimed to identify the main dimensions and components needed for developing a health grey literature information system in Iran and validate them according to experts' opinions. A mixed-method approach with an exploratory sequential design was used in this study. The research was done in following main steps: (1) conducting a systematic literature review to identify the potential components of the health grey literature information system suggested in the literature, (2) Interviewing 19 experts to explore further components required for designing the health grey literature system for Iran and doing a thematic analysis for analyzing the interviews, and (3) validating the identified components by a Delphi panel in two rounds for finalizing the initially-approved dimensions and components. Descriptive statistical analysis was also used for analyzing the Delphi panel's data. Eight dimensions were identified as necessary for developing Iran's health grey literature information system (including 31 components and 111 elements). The main dimensions included goals, data sources, minimum data set, data collection techniques, data content management procedures, quality control approaches, stakeholders, and management and policy-making. Using the identified and validated functional components in this study can be helpful In designing a health grey literature system that is of value for health policymakers and medical researchers as well as health information users.

Machine Learning System Development in Information Systems Development Praxis

Advancements in hardware and software have propelled machine learning (ML) solutions to become vital components of numerous information systems. This calls for research on the integration and evaluation of ML development practices within software companies. To investigate these issues, we conducted expert interviews with software and ML professionals. We structured the interviews around information systems development (ISD) models, which serve as conceptual frameworks that guide stakeholders throughout software projects. Using practice theory, we analyzed how software professionals perceive ML development within the context of ISD models and identified themes that characterize the transformative impact of ML development on these conceptual models. Our findings show that developer-driven conceptual models, such as DevOps and MLOps, have been embraced as common frameworks for developers and management to understand and guide the ML development processes. We observed ongoing shifts in predefined developer roles, wherein developers are increasingly adopting ML techniques and tools in their professional work. Overall, our findings underscore that ML technologies are becoming increasingly prominent in software projects across industries, and that the incorporation of ML development in ISD models is an ongoing, largely practice-driven, process.

Do Information Systems Today Play a Strategic Role in Business?

An information system is a combination of software, hardware, and telecommunication networks to collect useful data, especially in an organisation. Many businesses use information technology to complete and manage their operations, interact with their consumers, and stay ahead of their competition. The purpose of this study is to analyze and investigate the strategic role of information systems in modern enterprises. We analyzes the components of information systems and their overall functions, as well as the importance of keeping the information system and organizational strategy aligned. By analyzing the influence of digital connection on enterprises, this paper expounds the adoption of information system in enterprises. We analyze the reasons why information systems have a significant impact on organizational operations, and the goals of an enterprise's adoption of information systems. The relationship between proper information system and improving the efficiency of company operation is analyzed. In business operation, small and medium-sized enterprises regard information system as a priority, and the impact of strategic information system on enterprises. From the above, we conclude the value of information systems in contemporary enterprises, increasing productivity, reducing resource use, and making data collection more efficient.

Conceptualizing the Integration of Business and Private Components in Individual Information Systems

AbstractIndividuals build their individual information system (IIS) with which they manage the boundary between different domains of life. In this age of permanent mobile accessibility, however, the boundary between the private and business domains can become blurred. While some users try to maintain a degree of separation between the two IIS sub-systems (the private and the business information system), others integrate them. Understanding such integration is essential as it affects well-being and performance in both domains. To further this understanding, we introduce a conceptualization of IIS that distinguishes between four layers of IIS: devices, digital identities, relationships, and information. To measure IIS integration, we develop a method based on the IIS components’ usage frequencies in each domain. We evaluate our conceptualization as well as our measurement method by empirically testing a theoretical model of IIS integration on multiple layers. Our data provides empirical support for the importance of relationship integration as one of the four layers. This leads us to the conclusion that even though IIS are composed of four layers, only the relationship layer is of interest regarding IIS integration. Our results are of interest and service to individuals, organizations, and IT designers who aim to manage IIS integration for individual and organizational benefits.

Employing Remote Sensing Technologies and Geographic Information in the Hydrological Analysis of the Hilla River Valley in Babylon Governorate

The study aims to employ geospatial technologies in the Hydrological Analysis of water basins and their importance in (Arid and Semi-arid regions). The analysis was conducted to extract the characteristics of the Terrain surface such as Degree of Slope, Direction of Flow, Accumulation of Flow, Physiographic units, water basins and other characteristics using the Digital Elevation Model (DEM), which is one of the basic components of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), which is based on the extraction of terrain surface characteristics.

Agro-Tourism Development in Cambodia: A Literature Review

Agro-tourism, sometimes referred to as eco-tourism or rural tourism, has gained international acceptance as one of the primary methods for establishing rural sustainability. In this definition, agro-tourism refers to the fusion of agricultural, ecological, and cultural products for a variety of purposes, such as social, educational, recreational, health, and environmental. The agriculture industry is the main driver of the Cambodian economy, and in order to sustain the livelihoods and economics of the people living there, a number of tourism-related companies must expand. Finding the most crucial development methods for Cambodia's agro-tourism sector is the primary objective of this review. Aspects of political stability, the development of rural community infrastructure, strategy plans, tourist product stability, marketing components, information system components, encouraging local tourism, investment appeal, and financial support are among the main essential considerations. Strategies are essential to expeditiously enhancing the agro-tourist activities delineated in government policies, including those pertaining to the agricultural sector, agricultural communities, and nature, culture, and society-related tourism. The review has revealed that a wide range of factors could greatly aid in the adoption of agro-tourism development plans and methodologies throughout Cambodia's diverse ecological zones.

A quantitative fuzzy-valued intersection matrix for obtaining fuzzy relationships between vague spatial objects

Topological relation between geographical objects is one of the key components of the Geographical Information System (GIS). Considering the objects to be exact with sharp boundaries, four intersection, and nine intersection matrices initiated the study of calculating the topological relations. Due to the extensive existence of vague spatial phenomenons, the study of uncertainty object modeling has grown rapidly. Parallelly, the relationship calculating tools have been upgraded to handle vague concepts. The fuzzy 9-intersection matrix and Egg-Yolk methods are popular tools. Although the geographical objects are uncertain, surprisingly, most of these tools generate certain relations between them. The qualitative nature of these tools overlooks the essence of their uncertainty. We propose a quantitative fuzzy-valued 9-intersection matrix to overcome these drawbacks to obtain a fuzzy relationship between uncertain geographical objects. Then two new similarity computation techniques are introduced to calculate the membership grade between the proposed matrix and the known crisp matrices. These similarity computations allow two spatial objects to have partial membership against the eight established topological relations. The quantitative calculations indicate the strength of the relationship. The superiority of the proposed model is exhibited through comparative studies. Further, certain linguistic variables are linked to the evaluated membership grades to generate an immediate association with the known crisp relations. Examples are provided to demonstrate the applicability and efficacy of this association.