Component-based Software Research Articles

A Component Architecture for the Internet of Things

In this paper, we describe a component-based software architecture for the Internet of Things in which proxies for Things and services that we call “accessors” interact with one another under a concurrent, time-stamped, discrete-event (DE) semantics. These proxies are analogous to web pages, which proxy a cloud-based service such as a bank, but instead of being designed to interface those services with humans, accessors are designed to interface services and Things with other services and Things. A deterministic DE semantics is combined with a widely used pattern for handling network interactions that we call asynchronous atomic callbacks (AACs). AAC enables many concurrent pending requests to be active at once without blocking and without the treacherous concurrency pitfalls of threads. In effect, our architecture combines AAC with actors where the actor model has been endowed with a temporal semantics. We show how this architecture can leverage the previously reported secure swarm toolkit (SST) to achieve stateof- the-art authentication, authorization, and encryption of interactions across networks.

Complexity Metrics for Component-based Software Systems: Developer Perspective

Background: A Component-Based Development (CBD) is an integration centric system focusing on assembling individual components in order to build a software system. Most of the existing CBD metrics rely on parameters that are too difficult to measure in practice due to the component’s internal elements may not be visible to developers or testers. Objective: We proposed two suite of metrics to measure the structural complexity and interaction complexity of Component-Based Software System (CBSS) from perspective of component developer. Methods: Based on the analysis of the component specification, the elements of interface which includes properties, methods and events are measured. The proposed metrics quality is evaluated from a mathematical perspective using BMB properties. Finding: The theoretical evaluation results indicated that the proposed metrics are valid internal measures. The proposed metrics are useful in understanding and identifying the areas in the design where improvements are likely to have a high attention. Thus, the proposed metrics appear promising as a means of capturing the quality of the CBSS design in question. Application/Improvements: It has been widely reported that lower complexity is believed to provide advantages such as lower maintenance time, easier to test, highly reusable and easier to understand. Keywords: Component, Complexity, Metrics, CBSS

Integrating Cyber-Physical Systems in a Component-Based Approach for Smart Homes.

Integration of different cyber-physical systems involves a development process that takes into account some solutions for intercommunicating and interoperating heterogeneous devices. Each device can be managed as a thing within the Internet-of-Things concept by using web technologies. In addition, a “thing” can be managed as an encapsulated component by applying component-based software engineering principles. Based on this context, we propose a solution for integrating heterogeneous systems using a specific component-based technology. Specifically, we focus on enabling the connection of different types of subsystems present in smart home solutions. This technology enables interoperability by applying a homogeneous component representation that provides communication features through web sockets, and by implementing gateways in proprietary network connections. Furthermore, our solution eases the extension of these systems by means of abstract representations of the architectures and devices that form part of them. The approach is validated through an example scenario with different subsystems of a smart home solution.

A hybrid re-composition based on components and web services

ABSTRACTFor many years, component-based software engineering has been the most promising software engineering approach to develop complex software systems. However, with the increasing adoption of internet technologies, the demand for dynamic and flexible approaches is becoming essential. Thus, the service-oriented software engineering has emerged. Both approaches have strengths and weaknesses; it can be difficult to identify the appropriate approach that perfectly suits a particular system’s need, principally in highly dynamic environments. In order to take full advantages of both approaches, the hybrid approach between component and service (HACS) has been proposed. HACS makes possible a definition of a hybrid, flexible, and controllable architecture consisting simultaneously of component and web services and respecting the software architect administration rules. In this paper, the dynamic recomposition in HACS is explained and validated by a simulator. We use Dijkstra algorithm over a GraphPlan with a new weighting function calculated from quality of service properties and the similarity matching between different HACS components. We also suggest a solution to minimize the execution time of future invocations. A detailed example is given to prove the efficiency of our proposal.

Optimal component architecture using particle swarm optimization algorithm for self-adaptive software architecture

The component-based software engineering (CBSE) ensue the procedure of reconfiguration and reusability of components to reap the higher productivity. The context-aware structures are portion of CBSE, which observes the functionality of the system and adopt automatically according to the execution context. In this paper, we are focusing on the aware context guidelines that automatically adapt to the given context given by the customers and remodel the software architecture based totally on the requirements. The component repository turned into added, in which it carries the wide variety of reusable components. The fuzzy logic becomes carried out to the component evaluation in the component repository. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm applied, to optimize component architecture. The Hospital management system is used to test the adaptability of the system.

Reliability Assessment of Time-Critical Software: A Case Study on Stepper Motor Application

Although reliability is an important attribute of quality for mission-critical systems, there does not exist any versatile model even today for the reliability assessment of various time-critical component-based software applications. The existing Black Box models are found to make various assumptions which may not always be realistic in depicting the actual behavior of software. Many of them focus on observing the manner in which the system behaves without considering the structure of the system, the components composing the system, their interconnections, dependencies, usage frequencies, temporal dependencies etc. The failure data used in many of these Black Box models are inconsistent with today’s multitasking operating environment with varying system loads. Hence, the uncertainty in prediction using Black Box models is found to be much higher. Although there are some models based on operation profile, sometimes it becomes extremely difficult to obtain the exact operational profile concerned with a given operation. Considering the above-mentioned issues, this paper presents a suitable approach in the presence of timing bugs for the reliability assessment of time-critical software and performs a case study on stepper motor application which works in real time. The used approach considers various aspects like software architecture, the components composing the system, their interconnection and interdependency for various execution scenarios with respect to a given operational profile, in the presence of timing bugs to find the reliability value of the stepper motor application.

Prediction of Software Reliability using Bio Inspired Soft Computing Techniques.

A lot of models have been made for predicting software reliability. The reliability models are restricted to using particular types of methodologies and restricted number of parameters. There are a number of techniques and methodologies that may be used for reliability prediction. There is need to focus on parameters consideration while estimating reliability. The reliability of a system may increase or decreases depending on the selection of different parameters used. Thus there is need to identify factors that heavily affecting the reliability of the system. In present days, reusability is mostly used in the various area of research. Reusability is the basis of Component-Based System (CBS). The cost, time and human skill can be saved using Component-Based Software Engineering (CBSE) concepts. CBSE metrics may be used to assess those techniques which are more suitable for estimating system reliability. Soft computing is used for small as well as large-scale problems where it is difficult to find accurate results due to uncertainty or randomness. Several possibilities are available to apply soft computing techniques in medicine related problems. Clinical science of medicine using fuzzy-logic, neural network methodology significantly while basic science of medicine using neural-networks-genetic algorithm most frequently and preferably. There is unavoidable interest shown by medical scientists to use the various soft computing methodologies in genetics, physiology, radiology, cardiology and neurology discipline. CBSE boost users to reuse the past and existing software for making new products to provide quality with a saving of time, memory space, and money. This paper focused on assessment of commonly used soft computing technique like Genetic Algorithm (GA), Neural-Network (NN), Fuzzy Logic, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC). This paper presents working of soft computing techniques and assessment of soft computing techniques to predict reliability. The parameter considered while estimating and prediction of reliability are also discussed. This study can be used in estimation and prediction of the reliability of various instruments used in the medical system, software engineering, computer engineering and mechanical engineering also. These concepts can be applied to both software and hardware, to predict the reliability using CBSE.

A Proposal for New Software Testing Technique for Component Based Software System

A Proposal for New Software Testing Technique for Component Based Software System

A Proposal for New Software Testing Technique for Component Based Software System

A Proposal for New Software Testing Technique for Component Based Software System

A design flow for supporting component-based software development in multiprocessor real-time systems

Component-based software development established as an effective technique to cope with the increasing complexity of modern computing systems. In the context of real-time systems, the M-BROE framework has been recently proposed to efficiently support component-based development of real-time applications on multiprocessor platforms in the presence of shared resources. The framework relies on a two-stage approach where software components are first partitioned upon a virtual multiprocessor platform and are later integrated upon the physical platform by means of component interfaces that abstract from the internal details of the applications. This work presents a complete design flow for the M-BROE framework. Starting from a model of software components, a first method is proposed to partition applications to virtual processors and perform a synthesis of multiple component interfaces. Then, a second method is proposed to support the integration of the components by allocating virtual processors to physical processors. Both methods take resource sharing into account. Experimental results are also presented to evaluate the proposed methodology.

A resource efficient framework to run automotive embedded software on multi-core ECUs

The increasing functionality and complexity of automotive applications requires not only the use of more powerful hardware, e.g., multi-core processors, but also efficient methods and tools to support design decisions. Component-based software engineering proved to be a promising solution for managing software complexity and allowing for reuse. However, there are several challenges inherent in the intersection of resource efficiency and predictability of multi-core processors when it comes to running component-based embedded software. In this paper, we present a software design framework addressing these challenges. The framework includes both mapping of software components onto executable tasks, and the partitioning of the generated task set onto the cores of a multi-core processor. This paper aims at enhancing resource efficiency by optimizing the software design with respect to: 1) the inter-software-components communication cost, 2) the cost of synchronization among dependent transactions of software components, and 3) the interaction of software components with the basic software services. An engine management system, one of the most complex automotive sub-systems, is considered as a use case, and the experimental results show a reduction of up to 11.2% total CPU usage on a quad-core processor, in comparison with the common framework in the literature.

Efficient modeling and optimizing of checkpointing in concurrent component-based software systems

A common mechanism to improve availability and performance is checkpointing and rollback. When it is time to checkpoint, a system stores a job’s state to nonvolatile memory, and, when a failure occurs, it rolls back to the latest stored state instead of restarting the job from the beginning, thus improving performance in the presence of failures. Too frequent checkpointing reduces the amount of work to be redone in case of failures but generates excessive overhead, degrading performance. This paper presents a novel and very efficient queuing network model that addresses software component contention for hardware resources and shows how it can be used to model checkpointing in heterogeneous component-based software systems. We validated this model against a previous model, developed by the authors, that used Markov Chains. Our new model is orders of magnitude faster than the previous one and can be used to plan for checkpointing at run-time. As an additional contribution of this paper, we present an optimizer to find, for each software component, the optimal checkpointing interval that minimizes execution time, maximizes availability, or minimizes checkpointing overhead.

Innovative Research on the Development of Game-based Tourism Information Services Using Component-based Software Engineering

Innovative Research on the Development of Game-based Tourism Information Services Using Component-based Software Engineering

An extended object-oriented petri net supporting the description and evolution of components: EOOPN

An extended object-oriented petri net (EOOPN) supporting the description and evolution of components in the context of intelligent and cloud computing is proposed in this paper. EOOPN can tersely and independently represent all kinds of resources and restrains in a complex system, and reveal structural and behavioral information of simulated system. The modeling and analyzing power that EOOPN possesses enables it to be a tool which is capable of supporting component-based software evolution process under the circumstances of cloud computing. The formal definition of EOOPN is given and a wide range of object-oriented features supported by EOOPN are explained. Moreover, a roadmap of using EOOPN to evolving software components is discussed.

Usability Estimation of Component Based Software System using Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Approach

Cost effective development is the prime goal for software developers. To achieve this goal, nowadays, component-based software system (CBSS) are developed. In CBSS, the existing components are reused to develop a new software system which increases the reusability of components. It also reduces time and efforts of software developers, which is cost effective. The success or failure of software system depends on its usability. Usability can increase the market revenue. So, to increase the acceptance rate of CBSS among the users, it is important to evaluate the usability of CBSS before the software is released. In this paper, usability of CBSS is evaluated based on four input factors by using two widely used soft computing techniques, i.e., fuzzy logic and adaptive neuro fuzzy logic. Experimental results obtained from both the techniques are also compared and it is observed that ANFIS approach reduces the error rate and provide more accurate results. This research work will help the software developers to estimate the usability of CBSS in a more efficient manner.

Assessing the Determinants of Adopting Component-Based Development in a Global Context: A Client-Vendor Analysis

Component-based software (CBS) development is an attractive proposition to globally distributed software development organizations because of its potential to integrate reusable components in new products. Several organizations have adopted CBS development practices to support their global development processes, a phenomenon referred to as globally distributed CBS development. Many factors influence an organization’s decision to adopt globally distributed CBS development practices. The objective of this paper is to systematically assess the determinants that influence the adoption of CBS development practices in global software development organizations. We develop a conceptual research model based on the diffusion of innovation theory and the technology-organization-environment framework. Data collected from 115 participants are used to test the conceptual model. The findings from our study indicate that relative advantage, complexity, technology competence, and top management support are the key determinants for organizations to adopt globally distributed CBS development practices. The assessment of both the direct and total effects of the determinants offers insight into the organization’s decision to adopt globally distributed CBS development practices.

A Markov Error Propagation Model for Component-based Software Systems

A Markov Error Propagation Model for Component-based Software Systems

An Optimized Component Selection Algorithm for Self-Adaptive Software architecture using the Component Repository

Component-based software engineering focus on the development and reuse of the component. The component reuse is depending on the storage and retrieves process. The storage and retrieve process is carried by a component repository. This paper presents the component repository model for the developers to achieve good productivity. The component selection from the component repository according the functionality and requirements is a crucial part. This paper proposed an algorithm for optimising component selection with the functionality constraints like customer size, reliability and performance. The experimental result evaluates the performance of the algorithm and it is proved that the proposed algorithm had better performance in terms of component selection.

Using Hierarchical Scenarios to Predict the Reliability of Component-Based Software

Using Hierarchical Scenarios to Predict the Reliability of Component-Based Software

An Open Architecture Framework for Electronic Warfare Based Approach to HLA Federate Development

A variety of electronic warfare models are developed in the Electronic Warfare Research Center. An Open Architecture Framework for Electronic Warfare (OAFEw) has been developed for reusability of various object models participating in the electronic warfare simulation and for extensibility of the electronic warfare simulator. OAFEw is a kind of component-based software (SW) lifecycle management support framework. This OAFEw is defined by six components and ten rules. The purpose of this study is to construct a Distributed Simulation Interface Model, according to the rules of OAFEw, and create Use Case Model of OAFEw Reference Conceptual Model version 1.0. This is embodied in the OAFEw-FOM (Federate Object Model) for High-Level Architecture (HLA) based distributed simulation. Therefore, we design and implement EW real-time distributed simulation that can work with a model in C++ and MATLAB API (Application Programming Interface). In addition, OAFEw-FOM, electronic component model, and scenario of the electronic warfare domain were designed through simple scenarios for verification, and real-time distributed simulation between C++ and MATLAB was performed through OAFEw-Distributed Simulation Interface.