Nausea Complications Research Articles

COVID-19 Complications in Patients Aged 20-80 with Pulmonary Involvement: A Study on the 1-Month and 3-Month Post-Infection and Recovery Periods, from August 2021 to November 2021

Background: In this study, our aim is to investigate the complications caused by COVID-19 disease in the period of 1 month and 3 months after infection and recovery in patients aged 20 to 80 admitted to the special care department of Shariati Hospital in Tehran. Methods: The information of the patients in this research was collected between 1 and 3 months after discharge non-randomly and from among the samples that are available (consecutive), through phone calls and a prospective questionnaire including questions about complications such as fatigue, body pain, joint pain, anorexia, disorders, sleep, headache, depression, dizziness, palpitations, chest pain, cough, diabetes, skin disease, obesity, imbalance, neuropathy, neurological and mental problems, and other cases are collected. Results: In this study, what was observed was those 4 complications of nausea and vomiting, diabetes, depression, and hypothyroidism were significantly related to hospitalization of COVID-19 patients in the hospital's special care department. The frequency of other complications was also investigated in this study. Conclusions: According to the conducted study as well as previous studies, what is clear is that the frequency of complications caused by COVID-19 in patients admitted to the intensive care unit after discharge is high, and more studies should be done in order to reduce these complications.

Qualitative study of knowledge and attitudes of husbands in dealing with wives who have nausea and vomiting in the first trimester at PMB D

Background: Predisposing factors in the occurrence of emesis gravidarum are psychosocial factors. During pregnancy, attention from family members is needed by the mother, especially the attention of the husband. Small things that husbands do have significant meaning in improving psychological health in a better direction. Purpose of Writing: To obtain in-depth information about the husband's knowledge and attitudes in dealing with a wife who has nausea and vomiting in the first trimester at PMB D. Research Methods: This study used a qualitative method by conducting in-depth interviews (depth interviews) and FGD (Focus Group Discussion), namely to obtain in-depth information about the knowledge and attitudes of husbands in dealing with wives who have nausea and vomiting in the first trimester, so that it is possible to obtain implicit information (insight). Research Results: Knowledge of husbands in dealing with wives who have nausea and vomiting in the first trimester shows that there are still many informants who have poor knowledge about the causes, symptoms and complications of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. The husband's attitude in dealing with his wife who had nausea and vomiting in the first trimester showed that most of the informants had a positive attitude as shown by paying attention, namely buying food such as fruit to relieve nausea, encouraging mothers to avoid spicy/sour foods, always accompanying mothers to check their pregnancy and being more understanding of what pregnant women feel. Conclusions and Suggestions: The results of this study are expected to provide health education about nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, especially husbands who are involved in the counseling process and outreach events for pregnant women classes.

APPROACH TO THE INFANT OR CHILD WITH NAUSEA AND VOMITING

Patients with acute vomiting, typically for hours to a few days, most often present to an emergency department, whereas patients with chronic symptoms are more often initially evaluated in outpatient office settings. Emergency department clinicians should expeditiously exclude life-threatening disorders such as bowel obstruction, diabetic ketoacidosis, adrenal crisis, toxic ingestion, or increased intracranial pressure (ICP). In both urgent care and routine outpatient settings, the following three steps should generally be undertaken in patients with nausea and vomiting: The etiology should be sought, taking into account the child's age and whether the nausea and vomiting are acute, chronic, or episodic. The consequences or complications of nausea and vomiting (eg, fluid depletion, hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis) should be identified and corrected. Targeted therapy should be provided when possible (eg, surgery for bowel obstruction or insulin for diabetic ketoacidosis). In other cases, the symptoms should be treated.

Comparison of analgesic efficacy between rectus sheath blockade, intrathecal morphine with bupivacaine, and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia in patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy: a prospective, observational clinical study

BackgroundWe explored the analgesic outcomes on postoperative day (POD) 1 in patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) who received intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA), rectus sheath bupivacaine block (RSB), or intrathecal morphine with bupivacaine block (ITMB).MethodsThis was a prospective, observational clinical trial. Patients were divided into three groups: IV-PCA (n = 30), RSB (n = 30), and ITMB (n = 30). Peak pain scores at rest and with coughing, cumulative IV-PCA drug consumption, the need for IV rescue opioids, and Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) questionnaire scores collected on POD 1 were compared among the groups.ResultsThe preoperative and intraoperative findings were comparable among the groups; the ITMB group required the least remifentanil of all groups. During POD 1, the ITMB group reported lower levels of pain at rest and with coughing, compared with the other two groups. During POD 1, incidences of severe pain at rest (10.0% vs. 23.3% vs. 40.0%) and with coughing (16.7% vs. 36.7% vs. 66.7%) were the lowest in the ITMB group compared with the RSB and IV-PCA groups, respectively. After adjustment for age, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and intraoperative remifentanil infusion, severe pain at rest was 0.167-fold less common in the ITMB group than in the IV-PCA group, while pain with coughing was 0.1-fold lower in the ITMB group and 0.306-fold lower in the RSB group, compared with the IV-PCA group. The ITMB group required lower cumulative IV-PCA drug infusions and less IV rescue opioids, while exhibiting a better QoR-15 global score, compared with the other two groups. Complications (nausea and pruritus) were significantly more common in the ITMB group than in the other two groups; however, we noted no ITMB- or RSB-related anesthetic complications (respiratory depression, post-dural headache, nerve injury, or puncture site hematoma or infection), and all patients were assessed as Clavien-Dindo grade I or II during the hospital stay.ConclusionAlthough ITMB induced complications of nausea and pruritus, this analgesic technique provided appropriate pain relief that enhanced patient perception related to early postoperative recovery.Trial registrationClinical Research Information Service, Republic of Korea, (approval number: KCT0005040) on May 20, 2020

A Comparative Study to Ascertain the Efficacy of Palonosetron, Granisetron and Metoclopramide in Preventing Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing General Anaesthesia for Ear, Nose and Throat Surgeries

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) can be a very distressing side effect following general anaesthesia. Patients and health care professionals report the avoidance of PONV is of equal or sometimes even greater concern than avoidance of postoperative pain.1 It can result in increased morbidity, delay in hospital discharge and unexpected hospital re-admission, thereby increasing the total medical costs2. Moreover, PONV has been a major cause of decreased patient satisfaction3. There are several physiologic complications of nausea and vomiting that are of concern to the anaesthesiologist. Some of them being visceral wound dehiscence, electrolyte disorders, raised venous pressure leading to bleeding, rise in intraocular and intracranial tension and aspiration pneumonia especially in the sedated post-operative patient.

Pregabalin can decrease acute pain and postoperative nausea and vomiting in hysterectomy: A meta-analysis.

Whether the preoperative administration of pregabalin plays a beneficial role in controlling acute pain after hysterectomy is unknown. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine the efficacy and safety of the preoperative use of pregabalin to treat acute postoperative pain following hysterectomy. In April 2017, a systematic computer-based search was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google databases. RCTs comparing pregabalin with placebo in patients undergoing hysterectomy were retrieved. The primary endpoint was the visual analog scale (VAS) score with rest or mobilization at 2 h, 4 and 24 hours and cumulative morphine consumption at 2, 4, 24, and 48 hours. The secondary outcomes were complications of nausea, vomiting, sedation, and dizziness. After tests for publication bias and heterogeneity among studies were performed, the data were aggregated for random-effects models when necessary. Ten clinical studies with 1207 patients (pregabalin = 760, control = 447) were finally included in this meta-analysis. Preoperative administration of pregabalin was associated with a significant reduction of VAS with rest or mobilization at 2, 4, and 24 hours after hysterectomy. Further, the preoperative administration of pregabalin was associated with a reduction in total morphine consumption at 2, 4, 24, and 48 hours after hysterectomy. The occurrence of morphine-related complications (nausea and vomiting) was also reduced in the pregabalin group. However, the preoperative administration of pregabalin was associated with an increase in the occurrence of dizziness. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of sedation. The preoperative use of pregabalin reduced postoperative pain, total morphine consumption, and morphine-related complications following hysterectomy. The doses of pregabalin were different, and large heterogeneity was the limitation of the current meta-analysis. Further studies should determine the optimal dose for controlling acute pain after hysterectomy.

Liposome bupivacaine for pain control after total knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis.

BackgroundTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with intense and long-duration pain. Research is currently being conducted on the use of liposome bupivacaine (LB) to prolong the effects of local infiltration anesthesia. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluated the efficacy and safety of pain control of using LB versus placebo after TKA.MethodsIn April 2016, the Medline, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (CENTRAL), Web of Science, Google database, and Chinese Wanfang databases were searched to identify articles that compare a LB group versus a control group for pain control after TKA. This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to the PRISMA statement criteria. The primary endpoint was the visual analogue scale (VAS) score after TKA at 24, 48, and 72 h. The second outcome was nausea complications, which represent morphine-related side effects. Stata 12.0 software was used for the meta-analysis.ResultsFive studies involving 574 patients met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed that LB can decrease the VAS score at 24 h (mean difference (MD) = −0.50; 95 % CI −0.97 to −0.04; P = 0.034), 48 h (MD = −0.26; 95 % CI −0.71 to 0.19; P = 0.256), and 72 h (MD = −0.26; 95 % CI −0.71 to 0.19; P = 0.256). There was no significant difference with respect to the length of hospital stay (MD = −0.08; 95 % CI −0.28 to 0.13; P = 0.475). Furthermore, LB can reduce the occurrence of nausea (RR = 0.38; 95 % CI 0.18 to 0.79; P = 0.009).ConclusionsBased on the current meta-analysis, LB as a novel anesthetic formulation administration following TKA demonstrated better pain control; however, the sample size was limited, and further RCTs are needed to identify the effects of LB after TKA.

Sinemet and the treatment of Parkinsonism.

Sinemet (a combination of levodopa with carbidopa, a dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor) has replaced levodopa for early treatment of parkinsonism. The blocking of the systemic uptake of dopamine has eliminated the previous complications of nausea, vomiting, and cardiac and respiratory arrhythmias; pyridoxine need not now be avoided. However, the earlier appearance of abnormal involuntary movements, hallucinations, occasional psychosis, and a dopa-resistant state limits treatment efficacy. In all-over experience the combination drug offers the best relief for rigidity and akinesia. It has improved the quality of life and reduced mortality by one half. The greatest benefits appear in the first 3 years; then complications set in. The relation of complications to dosage is now better understood, and the ratio of dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor to levodopa inhibitor to levodopa of 1:4 is better than the previous 1:10. Levodopa with or without dopa decarboxylase is not a cure for parkinsonism. Some agonist drugs (bromocryptine, lisuride) are showing promise in the testing stage. The evolving knowledge about neurotransmitters and peptide messengers offers hope for the growing number of patients with parkinsonism.