Complications For Mother Research Articles

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalamm Pencegahan Dan Penanganan Preeklamsia Pada Ibu Hamil

Preeclampsia is hypertension that occurs after 20 weeks of gestation accompanied by proteinuria. Preeclampsia itself is a risk factor for complications in mother and baby. Complications are eclampsia, pulmonary edema, placental abruption, oligohydramnios and can cause maternal death. Long-term impacts can also occur in babies born to mothers with preeclampsia, such as low birth weight due to premature labor or experiencing stunted fetal growth, fetal distress, and contributing to the large number of perinatal morbidity and mortality (Widya, 2016).

Pregnancy and Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Clinical Update.

The intricate relationship between metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and maternal complications has rapidly become a significant health threat in pregnant women. The presence of MAFLD in pregnancy increases the maternal risk of metabolic complications and comorbidities for both mother and baby. The preexistence or development of MAFLD in pregnancy is a complex multifactorial disorder that can lead to further complications for mother and baby. Therefore, as pregnant women are severely underrepresented in clinical research, there is a great need for a fair inclusion of this group in clinical trials. This review aims to explore the effects of MAFLD during pregnancy in the context of maternal complications and outcomes and explore the effects of pregnancy on the development and progression of MAFLD within the context of maternal obesity, altered metabolic profiles, gestational diabetes and altered hormonal profiles. We also addressed potential implications for the presence of MAFLD during pregnancy and its management in the clinical setting.

Impact of family-centred postnatal training on maternal and neonatal health and care practices in district hospitals in two states in India: a pre–post study

Background and objectivesThe Care Companion Program (CCP) is an in-hospital multitopic skill-based training programme provided to families to improve postdischarge maternal and neonatal health. The states of Punjab and Karnataka...

Hepatitis B and pregnancy: understanding the experiences of care among pregnant women and recent mothers in metropolitan Melbourne

BackgroundPregnant women are a priority group for hepatitis B testing. Guideline-based care during antenatal and post-partum periods aims to prevent mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus and lower the risk of liver complications in mothers. This qualitative study explored knowledge of hepatitis B and experiences of hepatitis B related care among pregnant women and mothers.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with thirteen women with hepatitis B who were attending antenatal or post-partum hepatitis B care. The interviews were thematically analysed to assess knowledge and understanding of hepatitis B. Participants were recruited from specialist clinics in metropolitan Melbourne between August 2019 and May 2020.ResultsFour major themes were identified from interviews: (1) knowledge and understanding of hepatitis B, (2) treatment pathways, (3) accessing hepatitis B related care, and (4) disclosing status to friends. Most participants displayed an understanding of hepatitis B transmission, including mother to child transmission. The main motivator of post-partum attendance was reassurance gained concerning their child’s health. Sources of hepatitis B information included doctors, online information and family. Participants identified parents and siblings as sources of support and reported an unwillingness to disclose hepatitis B status to friends.ConclusionsWomen attending antenatal or post-partum care reported having overall positive experiences, particularly regarding reassurance of their child’s health, but displayed misconceptions around horizontal transmission. Knowledge gained from these results can contribute to the development of targeted models of care for pregnant women and mothers with young children to ensure their successful linkage to care.

Short-Term Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Comparative Approach of Iranian and American Guidelines

Introduction Subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy can be associated with numerous adverse outcomes. The purpose of this study was to compare short-term adverse pregnancy outcomes in treated versus nontreated patients who fall within the numerical range of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) between the Iranian and American reference ranges. Materials and Methods Eighty pregnant women with a known level of antithyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and TSH levels of 2.5–3.9 mIu/L in the first trimester and 3–4.1 mIu/L in the second and third trimesters were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned into two groups including 41 patients in the intervention group and 39 in the control group. The intervention group was treated with levothyroxine at least 50 μg/day and the control group received no treatment. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23. Results The only significant findings were a correlation between pregnancy loss frequency (p − 0.011) and/or increased TSH level in the follow-up period (p = 0.008) with anti-TPO antibody positivity. Forty-four percent of mothers with positive anti-TPO Ab needed treatment initiation with levothyroxine, based on Iranian guidelines, due to increased TSH level during the follow-up period. Conclusion Untreated pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism, who were placed in the intermediate range of TSH, recommended by Iranian and American guidelines, did not show any significant difference in short-term adverse pregnancy outcomes compared to the treated patients. Positive anti-TPO Ab may play a role in the development of short-term complications in mothers with subclinical hypothyroidism or it may increase the likelihood of an increase in TSH level during pregnancy.

Prevalence of Postpartum Depression, Associated Factors, Social Support, and Professional Assistance: A Cross-Sectional Study in Port Said, Egypt

INTRODUCTIONPostpartum depression is a mental illness that affects post-childbirth mothers. It is associated with psychological and social risk factors such as negative childhood experiences and pregnancy and childbirth problems. Postpartum depression has not been a focus of concern in Egypt. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the prevalence of postpartum depression, its associated factors, social support, and professional assistance in Port Said, Egypt.METHODOLOGYA random sampling strategy was used to select 540 women ten weeks postpartum. Data were collected using a questionnaire during an interview to identify potential risk factors for postpartum depression. The modified Arabic version of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale was used to assess symptoms of postpartum depression which is a multidimensional measure of social communication. Statistical analysis was completed using SPSS 25.0. software.RESULTSIt was found that 24.4% of women were at risk for postpartum depression. Social support from family and friends was significantly associated with mitigation of postpartum depression.CONCLUSIONThis study affirmed postpartum depression was a common health problem among 540 women who gave birth in Port Said, Egypt. Early detection and efficient screening methods to detect postpartum depression should be applied, especially in areas with a high risk for this condition. Early detection may prevent complications for mothers, babies, and families.

Prevalensi Preeklamsi dengan Komplikasi di Rumah Sakit Rujukan Kabupaten Banyumas Tahun 2017-2020

Preeclampsia eclampsia is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality with an estimated 50,000-60,000 deaths related to preeclampsia per year. Preeclampsia-eclampsia reaches 3-10%, and is the highest cause of maternal death in addition to bleeding and infection. This research is a quantitative research with a descriptive survey design. The sample consisted of 186 medical record data for pregnant women with preeclampsia at the Banyumas Regency referral hospital from 2017 to 2020. This research data was obtained from medical record data at 2 Bnyumas Regency Referral Hospitals in 2017-2020. Samples were taken from Banyumas Hospital and Ajibarang Hospital in 2017-2020. The sample criteria, pregnant women with preeclampsia accompanied by complications (eclampsia, pulmonary edema, HELLP syndrome) and complications in infants (IUGR and IUFD), the period of time for examination of pregnant women in 2017-2020. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22. The prevalence of preeclampsia with complications at the Banyumas Regency referral hospital in 2017-2020 was 2.30%. The characteristic of PDK is MAP > 90, which is 100% which is experienced by the majority of respondents. Complications of PDK consisted of PDK in the mother, namely 7.52% and PDK in infants, which was 10.75%. PDK in mothers who entered the ICU was 26.47%. The prevalence of preeclampsia with complications in mothers at the Banyumas Regency Referral Hospital in 2017-2020 was 34 cases (2.30%).

Feto-placental Changes in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension

Aims: To study if there is any difference in the foetus and placenta of pregnant women who are normotensive and those of of hypertensive patients of different severity.
 Study Design: Prospective study.
 Place and Duration of Study: Department of pathology, Saveetha institute of medical and technical sciences, between June 2017- June 2018.
 Methodology: Pregnant women with hypertension attending obstetrics and gynecology department, Saveetha Medical College, Chennai was studied during the study period.
 The study was conducted in accordance with the guidelines approved by the institutional review board of our Institution. The study population was divided into two groups namely normotensive and hypertensive patients. The hypertensive groups patients were further divided into two groups of mild (BP ≥140/90 mm Hg with proteinuria) and severe (BP ≥ 160/100 mm Hg with proteinuria). The placental specimens after expulsion were collected in 10% neutral buffered formalin solution. Informed consent was obtained in all patients and clinical data were obtained from the case notes. In the histopathology laboratory biopsy was taken from the insertion point of umbilical cord for light microscopy.
 P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
 Data was entered in MS excel sheet and analysed using SPSS software version.
 Results: The placental weight, birth weight of baby and APGAR score was decreased in PIH patients than normal pregnant women.
 Conclusion: The diagnosis and treatment of PIH is very important to prevent complications in mother and baby.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Group B Streptococcus Colonization in Pregnant Women: A Pilot Study in Palestine.

Background Maternal Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus (GBS)) colonization is an important cause of complications in mothers and neonates during gestation and after delivery. The data regarding GBS colonization among pregnant women in Palestine is scarce. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of GBS colonization, its associated risk factors, and the antibiotic sensitivity patterns in Nablus, West Bank, Palestine. Methods A cross-sectional, single center study conducted at Rafidia Governmental Hospital in Nablus, West Bank, Palestine. Samples were collected between November 2019 and January 2020. Vaginal swabs from 200 pregnant women (≥35 weeks of gestation) attending the labor and delivery department were plated directly on CHROMagarTM StrepB (CHROM agar, France) and placed in an incubator at 35–37°C. After 24 and 48 hours, the plates were checked for growth and classified into three categories: growth of GBS with mauve colonies on chromogenic media, no growth, or other growth. The identification of the mauve colonies was confirmed by the CAMP test. Identified GBS isolates were tested for susceptibility to vancomycin, ampicillin, clindamycin, cefotaxime, erythromycin, and levofloxacin using the disc diffusion method. Clinical and demographic information were collected using a questionnaire. Result The overall prevalence of GBS colonization was 12%. The median age of the study population was 27 years. GBS colonization was significantly associated with age (p=0.013), history of previous preterm delivery (p=0.013), and parity (p=0.015). No association was noted with smoking, previous abortion, previous history of fetal demise, vaginitis, or urinary tract infection. Resistance to ampicillin, vancomycin, cefotaxime, erythromycin, clindamycin, and levofloxacin was found to be 91.7%, 54.2%, 45.8%, 29.2%, 25%, and 8.3%, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of vaginal GBS in this study was 12% from Nablus, West Bank. Further research is needed to determine the GBS serotypes common in West Bank and the burden they cause on the health system. Moreover, this study also highlights the need to establish a screening program suited to a developing country with low control on the antibiotic's prescription protocols.

Placental Location in Maternal-Fetal Surgery for Myelomeningocele

Introduction: Uterine incision based on the placental location in open maternal-fetal surgery (OMFS) has never been evaluated in regard to maternal or fetal outcomes. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether an anterior placenta was associated with increased rates of intraoperative, perioperative, antepartum, obstetric, or neonatal complications in mothers and babies who underwent OMFS for fetal myelomeningocele (fMMC) closure. Methods: Data from the international multicenter prospective registry of patients who underwent OMFS for fMMC closure (fMMC Consortium Registry, December 15, 2010–June 31, 2019) was used to compare fetal and maternal outcomes between anterior and posterior placental locations. Results: The placental location for 623 patients was evenly distributed between anterior (51%) and posterior (49%) locations. Intraoperative fetal bradycardia (8.3% vs. 3.0%, p = 0.005) and performance of fetal resuscitation (3.6% vs. 1.0%, p = 0.034) occurred more frequently in cases with an anterior placenta when compared to those with a posterior placenta. Obstetric outcomes including membrane separation, placental abruption, and spontaneous rupture of membranes were not different among the 2 groups. However, thinning of the hysterotomy site (27.7% vs. 17.7%, p = 0.008) occurred more frequently in cases of an anterior placenta. Gestational age (GA) at delivery (p = 0.583) and length of stay in the neonatal intensive care unit (p = 0.655) were similar between the 2 groups. Fetal incision dehiscence and wound revision were not significantly different between groups. Critical clinical outcomes including fetal demise, perinatal death, and neonatal death were all infrequent occurrences and not associated with the placental location. Conclusions: An anterior placental location is associated with increased risk of intraoperative fetal resuscitation and increased thinning at the hysterotomy closure site. Individual institutional experiences may have varied, but the aggregate data from the fMMC Consortium did not show a significant impact on the GA at delivery or maternal or fetal clinical outcomes.

Effect of Linseed Oil Supplementation on Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Capacity in Pregnant Overfed Obese Rats and Their Offspring

Effect of Linseed Oil Supplementation on Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Capacity in Pregnant Overfed Obese Rats and Their Offspring

Fetal Surveillance in Pregnancies with Myasthenia Gravis.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune condition, that commonly impacts adult women of reproductive age. Myasthenia gravis in pregnancy is rare, but the incidence is higher in different geographical areas. Pregnancies in mothers with MG can have an unfortunate outcome. Acetylcholine receptor antibodies may pass into the fetal circulation and can affect the fetal neuromuscular junction, generating transient MG or even fetal arthrogryposis. The 2016 and 2021 International Consensus Guidance for Management of Myasthenia Gravis issued by Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America is lacking in recommendation for fetal surveillance for pregnancies in women with MG. The aim of this paper is to highlight fetal and neonatal complications in mothers with MG and to offer antenatal care insights. Close maternal and pregnancy monitoring can improve pregnancy outcome. Patients with MG should be encouraged to conceive, to avoid triggers for exacerbations of the disease during pregnancy and a multidisciplinary team should be established to ensure the optimal support and therapy.

Hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism in pregnancy: an Italian retrospective observational study

BackgroundHypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) or pseudo-hypoparathyroidism (pseudo-HypoPT) during pregnancy may cause maternal and fetal/neonatal complications. In this regard, only a few case reports or case series of pregnant or lactating women have been published. The purpose of this study was to describe clinical and biochemical course, pharmacological management, and potential adverse events during pregnancy and post-partum in pregnant women with HypoPT or pseudo-HypoPT. This was a retrospective, observational, multicenter, study involving nine Italian referral centers for endocrine diseases affiliated with the Italian Society of Endocrinology and involved in “Hypoparathyroidism Working Group”.ResultsThis study identified a cohort of 28 women (followed between 2005 and 2018) with HypoPT (n = 25, 84% postsurgical, 16% idiopathic/autoimmune) and pseudo-HypoPT (n = 3). In HypoPT women, the mean calcium carbonate dose tended to increase gradually from the first to third trimester (+ 12.6%) in pregnancy. This average increase in the third trimester was significantly greater compared to the pre-pregnancy period (p value = 0.03). However, analyzing the individual cases, in 44% the mean calcium dosage remained unchanged throughout gestation. Mean calcitriol doses tended to increase during pregnancy, with a statistically significant increase between the third trimester and the pre-pregnancy period (p value = 0.02). Nevertheless, analyzing the individual cases, in the third trimester most women with HypoPT (64%) maintained the same dosage of calcitriol compared to the first trimester. Both mean calcium carbonate and calcitriol doses tended to decrease from the third trimester to the post-partum six months. Most identified women (~ 70%) did not display maternal complications and (~ 90%) maintained mean serum albumin-corrected total calcium levels within the low-to-mid normal reference range (8.5 ± 0.8 mg/dl) during pregnancy. The main complications related to pregnancy period included: preterm birth (n = 3 HypoPT women), and history of miscarriages (n = 6 HypoPT women and n = 2 pseudo-HypoPT women).ConclusionThis study shows that mean serum albumin-corrected total calcium levels were carefully monitored during pregnancy and post-pregnancy, with limited evaluation of other biochemical parameters, such as serum phosphate, 24 h urinary calcium, 25-OH vitamin D, and creatinine clearance. To avoid complications in mothers affected by (HypoPT) or (pseudo-HypoPT) and offspring, intense biochemical, clinical and pharmacological monitoring during pregnancy and breastfeeding is highly recommended.

Maternal Complications and Prescription Opioid Exposure During Pregnancy: Using Marginal Structural Models.

Prescription opioids are frequently used for pain management in pregnancy. Studies examining perinatal complications in mothers who received prescription opioids during pregnancy are still limited. The aim of this study was to assess the association of prescription opioid use and maternal pregnancy and obstetric complications. This retrospective cohort study with the Rhode Island (RI) Medicaid claims data linked to vital statistics throughout 2008-2015 included pregnant women aged 12-55 years with one or multiple live births. Women were excluded if they had cancer, opioid use disorder, or opioid dispensing prior to but not during pregnancy. Main outcomes included adverse pregnancy and obstetric complications. Marginal Structural Cox Models with time-varying exposure and covariates were applied to control for baseline and time-varying covariates. Analyses were conducted for outcomes that occurred 1 week after opioid exposure (primary) or within the same week as exposure (secondary). Sensitivity studies were conducted to assess the effects of different doses and individual opioids. Of 9823 eligible mothers, 545 (5.5%) filled one or more prescription opioid during pregnancy. Compared with those unexposed, no significant risk was observed in primary analyses, while in secondary analyses opioid-exposed mothers were associated with an increased risk of cesarean antepartum depression (HR 3.19; 95% CI 1.22-8.33), and cardiac events (HR 9.44; 95% CI 1.19-74.83). In sensitivity analyses, results are more prominent in high dose exposure and are consistent for individual opioids. Prescription opioid use during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of maternal complications.

Study on drug profile used in common pregnancy influenced issues and its complications

Background: Pregnancy influenced issues are common among pregnant women treated by medications that causes complication in mother and fetus. The study aims to identify patients with pregnancy influenced issues like gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension, gastroesophageal reflux disease and anaemia. To assess the drug used pattern along with antibiotic therapy and to observe the above disease related complications.Methods: A hospital based prospective observational study was conducted at department of obstetrics and gynecology in Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital. Totally 100 patients enrolled and data was collected using data collection form.Results: Out of 100 patients, high prevalence occurred in 26-30 years of age. Primarily gestational hypertension (39%), treated with Tab. Labetatol and complications were premature delivery, low birth weight. Anaemia (25%) cases treated with Tab. Ferrous sulphate, Iron sucrose and Folic Acid, Preterm delivery as complication. Gestational diabetes mellitus (18%) treated with Metformin and Human Insulin and complications were preterm delivery, maternal obesity, increased child weight. GERD (8%) treated with Pantoprazole, Ondansetron, Bifilac and complications were weight loss, dehydration, low birth weight. In pre-operative cases, 79% received antibiotics as monotherapy and 21% as dual therapy. In post-operative cases, 41% received antibiotics as monotherapy and 59% as dual therapy. Metronidazole (95%) given in both post and pre- operative conditions.Conclusions: The present study provides valuable insight about the overall drugs used in pregnancy related diseases and complications arise. We hope our data will make necessary recommendations to all health care professionals and pregnant women to ensure all pregnancy related safety measures were taken.

Comparative study of early neonatal outcome in low birth weight babies in hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancies with the mode of delivery

Pregnancy induced Hypertension (PIH) is strongly associated with intrauterine fetal growth restriction (IUGR), low birth weight (LBW) and admission to NICU. PIH is not by itself an indication for caesarean delivery. However, the incidence of caesarean is high because of the development of complications in mother and the need to deliver prematurely. To compare the immediate morbidity and survival advantage of LBW vertex presenting babies with the mode of delivery in hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancies. This was a comparative cross-sectional study done on women admitted to the labour ward during the study period with PIH delivering a baby through either a vaginal delivery or a caesarean section with a birthweight of <2.5kgs. A detailed history taking and clinical examination was done. Babies were followed up for one week following delivery to note down the early neonatal outcome. In this study, over all there was no statistically significant difference in neonatal outcome in both vaginal delivery and caesarean section groups. However, there was slight increased incidence of prematurity (68% vs 64%), Birth Asphyxia (14% vs 8%), Sepsis (8% vs 6%), IVH (6% vs 2%) and Hyperbilirubinemia (16% vs 14%) in vaginal delivery group. While, RDS (20% vs 14%) and NEC (4% vs 2%) had higher incidence in caesarean delivery group. Overall, prematurity and IUGR resulting in LBW, contributed to these neonatal complications. Caesarean delivery offers no short-term survival advantage compared with vaginal delivery for LBW vertex presenting foetuses in PIH patients. Neonatal outcomes are not worsened by spontaneous or induced vaginal delivery in women with hypertension with good control and also decreases morbidity due to caesarean section to the mother.

Perceived Barriers in Accessing Health Care and the Risk of Pregnancy Complications in Indonesia.

BackgroundAccessing immediate health care during pregnancy is key to preventing and treating pregnancy-related complications, which are the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. As the largest archipelago country in the world, Indonesia faces the challenges of disparity in access to healthcare services across geographical regions and socioeconomic groups.ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the relationship between perceived barriers to accessing health care and the risk of pregnancy-related complications among women of reproductive age in Indonesia.MethodsData from a nationally representative sample of 15,021 last births within 5 years preceding the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey were analyzed to examine barriers in accessing health care and the risk of having complications during pregnancy. The statistical model of logistic regression was used to investigate the effect of barriers on the risk of pregnancy complications, and results were presented as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsThe majority of women in Sumatra and Maluku–Papua regions encountered physical, cultural, and financial barriers to accessing health care. The results indicate significantly higher odds of having complications in mothers who had distance barriers (OR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.20–1.77), relative to mothers who reported no barriers, after adjusting for women’s characteristics.ConclusionThe findings suggest that it is necessary to tackle specific physical barriers by providing more developed health-care systems in rural and geographically isolated areas, to bring health services closer to home.

The Relationship between Number of Pregnancy Cares with Maternal and Neonatal Complications in Mothers with Gestational Diabetes

Introduction: Gestational diabetes increases maternal and neonatal complications. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to examine the effect of the number of pregnancy cares on the reduction of maternal and neonatal complications in women with gestational diabetes. Methods: This cohort study was performed in 2018-2020 on 119 mothers with gestational diabetes in Omolbanin hospital. The subjects in the two groups of pregnancy visits < 10 times and ≥10 times were compared in terms of neonatal complications such as overweight 90%, dystocia and maternal complications like preeclampsia. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software (version 23) and independent t-test and Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Fisher tests. P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In this study, among 119 pregnant women with gestational diabetes, 37 (31.09%) were in the group of pregnancy visits ≥ 10 times and 82 (68.90%) in the group of pregnancy visits < 10 times. The number of infants weighing more than 90 percent was 4 (10.8%) in the group of pregnancy visits ≥ 10 times and was 4 (4.9%) in the group of pregnancy visits < 10 times, which had no statistically significant difference (P=0.2). Mean fasting blood sugar of mothers in third trimester was 91.22 ± 75.14 mg/dl in the group of pregnancy visits ≥ 10 times and was 93.65 ± 30.23 mg/dl in the group of pregnancy visits < 10 times, which was similar in both groups (P=0.2). Also, the incidence of preeclampsia was 3 (6.2%) in the group of pregnancy visits ≥ 10 times and 5 (8.1%) in the group of pregnancy visits < 10 times, which was similar in the two groups (P=0.8). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of other maternal and neonatal consequences. Conclusion: Increasing the number of pregnancy visits in women with gestational diabetes does not improve the maternal and neonatal outcomes.

ANTENATAL CARE VISIT COMPLIANCE IN THE TANJUNG BERLIAN HEALTH CENTER WORK AREA

Background : Non-compliance in prenatal care can cause the mother's complications to be unrecognized which may affect pregnancy or pregnancy complications so that they cannot be resolved immediately. Detection during antenatal care is very helpful in preparation for risk control (Manuaba, 2007). Moreover, pregnant women who do not perform antenatal care, it will not be known whether the pregnancy is going well or experiencing high risk conditions and obstetric complications that can endanger the life of the mother and her fetus. And it can cause high morbidity and mortality (Prawiroharjo, 2008). One of the factors that influence the high maternal mortality rate is the attitude and behavior of the mother herself during pregnancy and is supported by the mother's knowledge of her pregnancy. Some of the factors behind the risk of maternal death are the lack of community participation due to the low level of maternal education, low family economic capacity, and unsupportive socio-cultural position. If taken further, some of these unsupportive behaviors can also carry risks. Other factors such as maternal age at pregnancy and childbirth, mothers who are too young (less than 20 years) and too old (over 35 years), frequency of births having given birth four times or more and spacing between births or deliveries of less than 24 months, including groups that are at high risk and increase the chance of maternal death are getting bigger (Erina, 2012). Research Objectives Knowing the Compliance of Antenatal Care Visits in the Tanjung Berlian Public Health Center. Method :This research uses descriptive study. The population used in this study were all pregnant women in the 3rd trimester in the Tanjung Berlian Public Health Center, totaling 206 people. The sampling method was taken using purposive sampling technique, which is purposive sampling in accordance with the required sample requirements / criteria

The effect of age at first marriage on the incidence of labor complications and babies with low birth weight in Indonesia.

PurposeThis study investigated the effect of a woman's age at first marriage (AFM) on the incidence of labor complications and babies with low birth weight (LBW).MethodsThis study used data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) on women aged 15-49 years who gave birth to their first child within the previous 5 years. Data analysis was conducted using binary logistic regression for labor complications and the binomial probit method for the incidence of LBW.ResultsThe analysis showed that AFM affected the likelihood of childbirth complications and LBW babies. An increase in AFM tended to reduce the risk of childbirth complications, although poor economic conditions increased the risk of complications in mothers with a higher AFM. In addition, a low or high AFM increased the chances of delivering a baby with LBW.ConclusionA low AFM was associated with an increased likelihood of women experiencing birth complications when delivering their first child and delivering babies with LBW, underscoring the importance of delaying childbirth until a more mature age.