Complicated Characters Research Articles

Molecular aspects of heterosis in plants

Since Shull's original description of heterosis, breeders have made wide use of this phenomenon. However, while agronomists have been utilizing heterosis as a means of improving crop productivity, the biological basis of heterosis remains unkown. It is generally believed that our understanding of heterosis will enhance our ability to form new genotypes which may be used directly as F1 hybrids or form the basis for future selection programmes. While the original concept of heterosis resulted from studies at the phenotypic morpohological level, they were soon followed by biochemical data with the advent of electrophoresis and the consequent ease of accumulation of data related to isozyme variability. However, the large number of restriction fragment length polymorphisms from more recent studies has allowed the development of linkage maps with a high degree of resolution useful in locating and manipulating quantitative trait loci (QTL). When substantial numbers of such neutral markers were used to measure genetic distance in large numbers of maize inbreds, very significant correlations were recorded between parental genetic distance and hybrid performance. Through the same approach, a relatively small number of QTLs dispersed through the maize genome were identified which show clear overdominance expression controlling heterosis.The hypothesis was made that some QTLs could code for regulatory proteins since these proteins are able to control a vast array of other structural genes, the products of which are necessary for the expression of complicated characters such as yield and heterosis for yield. The few such proteins identified thus far are all multimeric proteins with the heteropolymers exhibiting significantly different activities in comparison with the homopolymers, that is in compliance with the clear overdominance manifestation of the few QTLs analyzed so far.In addition, parameters derived from the variability of genome expression assessed through studies of polymorphisms in the amounts of individual proteins or mRNAs show numerous significant correlations between these indices and hybrid vigor. These correlations supported the conclusion that QTLs could be loci controlling the amount of mRNAs or proteins synthesized from a number of structural genes, and stress the significance of both the regulatory proteins (and their encoding genes) and the structural genes, being regulated, in manifestation of complicated characters, such as heterosis.

Visual Communications And Image Processing

This special issue on Visual Communications and Image Processing contains 14 papers that cover a wide spectrum in this fast growing area. For the past few decades, researchers and scientists have devoted their efforts to these fields. Through this long-lasting devotion, we witness today the growing popularity of low-bit-rate video as a convenient tool for visual communication. We also see the integration of high-quality video into broadband digital networks. Today, with more sophisticated processing, clearer and sharper pictures are being restored from blurring and noise. Also, thanks to the advances in digital image processing, even a PC-based system can be built to recognize highly complicated Chinese characters at the speed of 300 characters per minute. This special issue can be viewed as a milestone of visual communications and image processing on its journey to eternity. It presents some overviews on advanced topics as well as some new development in specific subjects.

A knowledge-based stroke-matching method for Chinese character recognition

The character set used by the Chinese is greater in both size and complexity than that used by the Japanese, and experiments performed by the authors indicate that the stroke-matching algorithm of Yamamoto and Rosenfeld (1982) is too computationally intensive to be implemented for the recognition of complicated Chinese characters. A modified relaxation method that greatly reduces the computational load is proposed. The idea is to incorporate specific knowledge about the Chinese characters into the training system to remove inconsistencies with a higher efficiency and to speed up the matching process. Experimental results on the 240 most frequently used characters written by 37 different individuals showed that a fourfold improvement in speed could be achieved, making it more feasible to implement the algorithm for the recognition of complicated Chinese characters.

The Total Stranger

THE TOTAL STRANGER / Theodore Dreiser Theodore Dreiser's "The Total Stranger" survives in a single typescript housed at the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center at the University of Texas at Austin. The top right-hand corner of the first page contains a note written in a hand other than Dreiser's: "Last typescript, with corrections—copied—1945." The typescript came from the papers owned by Marguerite Tjader, who served as Dreiser's amanuensis and editor for The Buhoark in 1944-1945. In her memoir Theodore Dreiser: A New Dimension (1965), Tjader recalls Dreiser's presenting her with "several pages of pencilled manuscripts for me to type. Then he talked on about this man [in "The Total Stranger"], and I jotted down what he said" (p. 203). As was his habit at this time, he partly wrote, partly dictated to Tjader. "The Total Stranger" can be understood best as part of what may be called Dreiser's "marriage group," his writing about the difficulties and conflicts in modern marriage. While the autobiographical novel The "Genius" (1915) is the most elaborate rendition of this theme, the group includes short fiction such as "Free," "Marriage—For One," "The Old Neighborhood," and "Convention"; essays like "Marriage and Divorce" in Hey Rub-A-Dub-Dub; and the many examples of marital incompatibility in the major works, from the domestic troubles of Hurstwood and Frank Cowperwood to those of Dreiser himself as he explores his marriage to Sara White in Neiospaper Days. "The Total Stranger" recalls the themes of Dreiser's early writing— the violence at the heart of conventional marriage, the male's "varietism," the ethics of divorce, the woman as potential victim in the battle of the sexes. Yet the story leads to a moralistic resolution that is not apparent in the earlier works. Those works explore the psychology of conflicting needs and aspirations that accompany marriage, which Dreiser represents as a tangle of economic, personal, and parental pressures. They are studies in psychological realism, using sophisticated techniques like internal dialogue and dealing with fairly complicated middle-class characters: writers, architects, financiers, Dreiser himself. In contrast, "The Total Stranger" takes the form of a sentimental moral fable of the type Dreiser would have read in the popular magazines of the late nineteenth century. As if to accommodate his subject to that model, he uses working-class characters of whom he The Missouri Review · 97 notes that "intelligence of a high order played no part in [their] composition." Dreiser's choice of a humble, even gritty, background for his story probably owes something to literary fashions established in the thirties, but it is also a more natural setting for the central character Walter, whose human needs are less abstract than the introspective subjects of Dreiser's earlier stories. Such a figure, moreover, lends himself more readily to the theme of spiritual redemption, a strong motif in Dreiser's late fiction. Here it is expressed in a kind of allegory in which Walter effectively overcomes his "double," and thereby conquers his old self. What connects "The Total Stranger" to the larger body of Dreiser's writing is the emotional longing of Walter, a pathetic drifter whose homelessness and desire for forgiveness and fulfillment link him to a long line of more famous Dreiserian yearners. Editorial Note: Dreiser did not type. Since the few typos and misspellings in the typescript cannot be traced back to their source, such blemishes have been silently corrected. The story is published with the permission of the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center at The University of Texas, which owns the manuscript, and the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania , who hold the copyright. Tom Riggio Speer Morgan 98 · The MISSOURI Review Theodore Dreiser HE WALKED SLOWLY and apparently speculatively, as well as dubiously eastward, along the semi-tatterdemalion street in which at one time he and Mady (Amelia) had lived—or should he say, had existed—he and she, and for reason of what? His wish? Hers? Decidedly not! Since after enduring it, and him, for all of two years and a little more—his lies, his periods of drunkenness, his pretense of being faithful to her, his pretense of being a...

Low-temperature measurement of the hypersonic absorption in fused quartz by stimulated Brillouin scattering : Heinicke, W., Winterling, G., Dransfeld, K., Vol 49, No 3, Part 3 (March 1971) pp 954–958

Diluted magnetic semiconductors often show a spin-dependent interaction and induced ferromagnetism with high Curie temperature which is a desirable feature to be utilized for magneto-electronic devices. However, the origin of ferromagnetism and optical emission dynamics has not yet been well-understood due to their complicated microstructural and compositional characters. Herein, un-doped and Co-doped GaN nanowires have been synthesized by chemical vapor deposition and the effect of Co dopant on structural, magnetic and optical properties has been investigated. Electron-phonon couple caused by Co dopant, plays a dominant role for enhancement and shift of LO- phonon mode toward higher wavenumber. The incorporation of Co (II) ion in GaN lattice is attributed to the presence of room temperature ferromagnetism which influences their optical properties through exciton-spin interactions. It happens when the Co atom prefers to substitute on Ga sites and induces coupling with neighboring Co atoms to align ferromagnetically, leading to the formation of independent exciton magnetic polarons, as a new elementary excitation that is one of the origins of the bosonic lasing. These findings can pave new way in the future solid-state optoelectronic quantum information technology.

The Design Within: Psychoanalytic Approaches to Shakespeare

The concise but profundly meaningful title sets the tone for this elegant anthology of psychoanalytic essays on Shakespearean characters, plays, and symbols. Each essay is preceded by an orienting introductory comment by the editor, which helps the reader plunge into the area of thought. Dr. Faber occasionally writes a brief—and excellent—summation of the issues covered by an essay, and has himself contributed a chapter on the oedipal patterns in Henry IV . It was fascinating for this reviewer to read again the conceptions of Freud and Ernest Jones about Hamlet—perhaps one of the most complicated characters ever created— and one to whom the book devotes a large part of its concern. Here, although strictly psychoanalytic, the language is easily understandable and eminently readable, in contrast to the expressive mode of many of Freud's later disciples. It is possible, in a sense, to trace the evolution of psychoanalytic and psychiatric thought through

Dissertation on the ideal form of habitation

Landscape Architecture may be realized as the shaping of ideal environment about human life. So the problem of ideal habitation is the fudamental one of Landscape Architecture not only in Architecture alone. Walter Gropius (2), as is generally known, has devoted deep study to dive into the ideal form of human habitation. In conclusion, he affirm two types of habitation, namely single family house and garden apartment of 10-12 stories. But his conclusion was reduced from the standpoint of social and economical elments, not from the intrinsic nature of man.We have, as also generally known, many studies about the ideal city since Theodor Fritsch of 1896. The standards of population density in these many studies have vary wide range between 100 dwelling units to 1/2 dwelling unit per gross residential acre. This means that there are many types of ideal habitation. It may be said that we have no conclusion about the form of ideal habitation.We, human, have many complicated characters, but the best way for the solution of this problem is to realize human characters as the two contrast characters namely biological and mechanical. The ideal habitation for biological man may be assumed as the single family house closely connected with nature and the ideal one for mechanical man may be reduced to the garden apartment containing multiple families. It is very important that these two characters which are contrast each other exist together within each person. The ideal habitations may be considered generally as the above two types at the same time. But I lay stress on our biological character. It is because that we are a part of nature still and we cannot escape the uncomfortable question of how much of nature we can destroy without destroying ourselves. We must discover some wise principle of co-existence between man and nature. But finally, the ground in its various sybmolic aspect may be considered as “mother earth”, or as “the last resting place”. I assume that the ideal habitation is the single family house co-existing with nature. The habitation type of high apartment may be considered as the temporary habitation just as high hotel or business residence in the city center. Though there are some gap between the ideal and the actual, this is my conclusion about the ideal habitation.