Compliance Status Research Articles

Can we improve therapeutic compliance in cancer patients? Report of a cross-sectional case series study in Morocco.

Therapeutic compliance (TC) refers to the patient's compliance with the prescriptions and recommendations of a doctor. Patients with cancer often exhibit unsatisfactory TC. The objective of our study was to assess TC levels in cancer patients and identify predictors of poor compliance. The authors conducted a cross-sectional study in March 2023 at the oncology centre, where the vast majority of medical activity is performed in the day hospital. TC was measured using a questionnaire or survey. Various parameters were analyzed to identify predictive factors of poor therapeutic compliance. The authors' study included 175 cancer patients with a mean age of 55 years. The study revealed that 85% exhibited good compliance (GC) as indicated by the CI [8.500 ± 0.075], signifying patients who consistently adhered to their medication schedule. Conversely, 15% demonstrated poor compliance (PC), as indicated by the confidence interval [0.825 ± 0.750]. Compliance status was assessed by considering patients who adhered to the prescribed medication timing as good compliance (GC) and those who did not adhere as poor compliance (PC). The analysis of our study results indicated that poor therapeutic compliance was associated with low socio-economic and educational levels. Therefore, it is important to utilize all available resources to improve therapeutic compliance. The majority of factors contributing to poor compliance can be mitigated through effective coordination between the patient and their support network.

Compliance with COVID-19 preventative health measures in the United Kingdom: a latent profile analysis.

Governments have adopted unprecedented measures to assist in slowing the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, but compliance varies among individuals. This UK study uses latent profile analysis to identify four classes of individuals on factors believed to influence compliance. Those who sought health information from authoritative sources and actively sought information from multiple sources were most compliant. Profile differences in compliance and vaccination status were also primarily driven by trust in healthcare institutions over trust in government. These findings contribute to understanding compliance profiles and emphasise the importance of authoritative information and trust in healthcare systems.

EGFR-TKIs Combined with Allogeneic CD8+ NKT Cell Immunotherapy to Treat Patients with Advanced EGFR-Mutated Lung Cancer.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of allogenic CD8 + natural killer T (CD8+ NKT) immunotherapy combined with gefitinib in the treatment of advanced or metastatic EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: This study is prospective. The NSCLC patients with exon 19 (Ex19del) or exon 21 L858R point mutations, and response to gefitinib treatment were enrolled into the trial to be randomly assigned into the gefitinib arm and the gefitinib/NKT arm. Allogenic CD8+ NKT cells were cultured in vitro and adaptive transferred into the patients via vein in the gefitinib/NKT arm. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoint analysis included time to disease progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), levels of serum tumour markers for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the blood, the response rate and safety. From July 2017 to June 2021, 19 patients were randomly assigned to the gefitinib arm (n = 8) and the gefitinib/NKT arm (n = 11). Results: The estimated median survival PFS in the gefitinib/NKT arm was significantly longer than that of the gefitinib arm (12 months vs 7 months). Similar results were also observed for the median TTP. Moreover, the gefitinib/NKT arm had better CEA control than the gefitinib arm. Clinical grade 3 adverse reactions occurred in 64% and 39% of patients in the gefitinib/NKT arm and the gefitinib arm, respectively. The most common grade 3 adverse events in the gefitinib/NKT arm included abnormal liver function in 8 cases (73%) and diarrhoea in 1 case (9%), both of which resolved after drug intervention. Conclusion: The PFS of EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC treated with allogenic CD8+ NKT cells combined with gefitinib was longer than that of gefitinib alone. No obvious serious adverse reactions occurred, and the patients compliance and survival status were good.

Hospital Associated Variation in Nutritional Status and Dietary Compliance of Elderly Patients

Background: Malnutrition is associated with detrimental aftermaths for patients including increased infections, complications, exacerbated muscle loss, prolonged hospital stay, and is often underdiagnosed. Objective: The study was carried out to determine the hospital associated variability of nutritional status, impact of length of stay on malnutrition in geriatrics. Methods: A sample of 100 participants was selected for a single group pretest posttest quasi experimental study. Interviewer administered questionnaire and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) tool were used to collect data both at the time of admission and discharge. Within group pre-admission and post-discharge outcomes including nutrition practices, dietary compliance and nutritional status assessed by SGA were compared. Results: The BMI of the participants decreased at the time of discharge (22.89±4.44 kg/m2 pretest vs. 22.25±4.46 kg/m2 posttest) and more adults were categorized undernourished (13% in pretest vs.17% in posttest). A significant decrease in well-nourished participants (45.0% pretest vs. 32.0% posttest), and increased malnourished individuals (12.0% pretest vs. 25.0% posttest) was observed. Conclusion: Length of stay along with dietary constraints in geriatrics affects the nutritional status drastically. Targeted dietetic interventions can decrease hospital associated malnourishment. Dietary compliance of hospitalized patients can be ensured by educating the patient/caregiver to reduce the risk of malnutrition and hospital readmission. Patients already malnourished at admission are more prone to have deteriorating health.

Development of Health Promotion with The Design of Heart Failure Patient Monitoring Instrument

Heart disease, particularly heart failure, is a prevalent chronic condition requiring regular monitoring to maintain patients' well-being. This study aims to develop and validate a monitoring instrument for heart failure patients. A pilot study was conducted in two main stages: instrument development and pre-test post-test on a sample of outpatient heart failure patients at RSU Muhammadiyah Ponorogo from March to May 2023. The validity test revealed 17 valid questionnaire items, with Cronbach’s Alpha values for routine examination, physical activity, and nutrition domains being 0.729, 0.829, and 0.786, respectively, indicating good reliability. Sample testing demonstrated a significant improvement in patient compliance (p < 0.005) and nutritional status (p < 0.05) after cardiovascular health promotion. However, there was no significant change in physical activity. With a combination of high construct validity, good reliability, and strong content validity, the questionnaire proved to be a robust and reliable measurement tool. The findings depict significant changes in compliance and nutritional status among heart failure patients following health promotion interventions, emphasizing the need for further focus on physical activity aspects. These results can contribute to the development of more effective monitoring and care strategies for heart failure patients.

Green Hospital Standards in the Teaching Hospitals of Urmia University of Medical Sciences: Compliance Status and Providing Solutions

Background: A Green Hospital is a hospital that sees the environment as a part of its service quality processes and reduces environmental risks by applying effective measures in all dimensions, including management, water, energy, and waste. This study aimed to investigate the status of Green Hospital standards in the teaching hospitals of Urmia University of Medical Sciences (UMSU). Methods: This descriptive study was conducted cross-sectionally on eight teaching hospitals associated with UMSU in 2022. The information collection tool was the Green Hospital Checklist, which consists of seven dimensions: energy, waste management, architecture, water, chemicals, supplies, and medicine. Data were collected through field observation and interviews with hospital executives. Descriptive statistics were used in SPSS 22 software for data analysis. Results: According to the results, among the eight hospitals covered by UMSU, four hospitals in the energy consumption dimension, two hospitals in the architecture dimension, one hospital in the waste management dimension, six hospitals in the chemicals dimension, and five hospitals in the medicine consumption dimension met 50% or more of the Green Hospital standards. Regarding water conservation and purchasing supplies, no hospital met the Green Hospital standards. Only one hospital met more than 50% of the Green Hospital standards overall. Conclusion: Considering that the score obtained from the studied hospitals was lower than the desired level, identifying the challenges of achieving standards in implementing Green Hospital programs is paramount. Implementing these standards requires creating a green management team and planning for the seven studied variables.

Compliance status and influencing factors of anticoagulation therapy in outpatient undergoing major orthopedic surgery.

This study was designed to investigate influencing factors of out-of-hospital anticoagulation therapy compliance among patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgeries. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted from July 2022 to February 2023 among outpatients who underwent major orthopedic surgery in our hospital. Patients (n = 200) were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Specificity of Medication-Taking Beliefs Scale, and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Factors that influenced patient compliance were also determined using univariate and multivariate regression analyses. One hundred eighty-three valid questionnaires were returned, the compliance with outpatient anticoagulation therapy among patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgeries was good in 56.3% (103/183) of all cases and poor in 43.7% (80/183). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that medication duration, adverse effects, self-efficacy and medication beliefs influenced adherence to out-of-hospital anticoagulation therapy in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery (P < 0.05). Poor compliance with out-of-hospital anticoagulation therapy in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery is mainly associated with a long course of medication, adverse reactions, low self-efficacy and low medication beliefs. Healthcare staff should strengthen post-discharge anticoagulation management based on relevant influencing factors to enhance patient compliance.

Risk factors influencing chemotherapy compliance and survival of elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has high degree of malignance and proneness to recurrence and metastasis. The aim of this study was to analyse the risk factors influencing the chemotherapy compliance and survival status of elderly NSCLC patients. The clinical data of 110 patients admitted from January 2014 to March 2018 were retrospectively analysed. They were assigned to non-chemotherapy (n=25), partial chemotherapy (n=30) and complete chemotherapy (n=55) groups according to chemotherapy compliance, and followed up until March 2021. Their clinicopathological characteristics were investigated by univariate analysis and then multivariate Cox regression analysis. The survival rates were compared by Kaplan-Meier survival curve and log-rank test. Among the 110 NSCLC patients, 25 did not receive chemotherapy, 30 underwent partial chemotherapy and 55 received complete chemotherapy. Educational level, pathological tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, pathological type, surgical approach, place of residence, payment mode and chemotherapy stage were independent risk factors influencing the chemotherapy compliance (P<0.05). Particular attention should be paid to improving the chemotherapy compliance of patients with low educational level, late TNM stage, medical history of squamous cell carcinoma, history of thoracotomy, living in rural areas and no medical insurance, and those in the recurrence period or consolidation period of chemotherapy.

Hubungan Antara Kadar Asam Urat dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat pada Pasien Tuberculosis Paru

Tuberculosis lungs is disease infectious disease caused by bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis . TB disease still become threat health Indonesian society which leads to illness , disability and death tall so that need exists countermeasures . Research objectives know connection between rate sour tendon with obedience drink medication in pulmonary TB patients . Study This is study retrospective analytic observational with approach cross sectional , with use analysis Research Chi square test statistics conducted at the Ambarawa Community Health Center (BALKESMAS) in October 2022. Population all moderate pulmonary TB patients undergo treatment at BALKESMAS Ambarawa . Research sample This of the total population namely 30 patients . Results from 30 respondents there is rate sour veins in patients Tuberculosis lungs there is enhancement rate sour tendon namely 11 respondents that is man with average levels sour urate 7.08 mg/dL (6 respondents ), female with average level 6.41 mg/dL (5 respondents ) . Based on forever drink drug obtained that amount patient with treatment 3 months 57%, 2-3 months 30%, and 1 month 13%. Based on characteristics that kind sex men 53% and kind sex women 47%. Based on characteristics age category teenagers 23%, adults 50% elderly 27%. Based on obedience drink anti-tuberculosis drugs by 28 respondents or 93.34 % of total number of respondents . Whereas For respondents who did not obedient drink drug namely 2 respondents or 6.06%. Chi square test results on compliance status drink medicine , type gender , age No showing connection significant (P0.05) against rate sour veins in patients Tuberculosis lungs. Research conclusions This No There is connection rate sour tendon with obedience drink medication in pulmonary TB patients, This caused by TB Treatment consists of over 2 stages that is intensive and advanced, function system immunity body relate with age , history of medication , obesity , consumption purines , and alcohol.

Level and factors associated with compliance to iron-folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in rural Soro district, Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia: cross-sectional study

BackgroundDespite the advantages of iron and folic acid supplementation, the compliance status among pregnant women for the supplements is very low in Ethiopia. However, the factors found to be associated with the compliance of iron and folic acid supplementation varies depending on geographical locations and socio-cultural characteristics within the country. Therefore, this study assessed the compliance to iron and folic acid supplements and its associated factors among pregnant women in the rural Soro district, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia.MethodsCross-sectional study design was applied to conduct the study. The total sample size was 274. This study was conducted from June 10 up to 20, 2018. Women who live in rural Soro district at least for 6months and gave live birth 12 months prior to the survey were included in the study. The study subjects were selected by applying the simple random sampling method. Independent variables with p-value less than or equal to 0.25 during bivariate analysis were candidate for multivariable analysis. Finally, during multivariable analysis the independent variables with P-value less than 0.05 were declared as factors significantly associated with compliance to iron-folic acid supplementation during pregnancy.ResultsOf the whole study participants only 51(18.8%) women had taken iron folic acid supplements for at least 90 days during their last pregnancy. Women who had frequent visits to health facilities for ante natal care were more likely to be compliant with iron-folic acid supplements than their counterparts [AOR(95%CI) = 4.50(1.18, 17.14)].ConclusionIn this study, the higher proportion of pregnant women did not take adequate dose of iron and folic acid tablets during their last pregnancy. Women who had a frequent visit to health facilities for antenatal care were more likely to be compliant for iron folic acid supplements than their counterparts. Every effort should be made in the community and health facilities by concerned bodies working in the maternal health area to mobilize pregnant women to take the antenatal care for at least four times to achieve the minimum dose of iron and folic acid supplements.

피구금자의 권리에 관한 국제인권규범과 한국의 실행

The primary objective of this paper is to promote a thorough understanding of how Article 10 of the international Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, holding the same force as domestic law, is interpreted by the United Nations Human Rights Committee and applied to specific cases. Based on this understanding, a general examination of the implementation and compliance status of this provision within the country has been conducted, paying particular attention to the following points: Firstly, the issue of overcrowding in correctional facilities requires a satisfactory resolution, as despite the Human Rights Committee urging for improvements and constitutional court rulings declaring it unconstitutional, the problem remains unresolved.&#x0D; Secondly, ensuring the right to health for detainees is crucial. Particularly concerning individuals with mental illnesses, there is a lack of treatment- focused approaches in correctional facilities. Expanding access to mental health treatment within these facilities is not only essential for safeguarding detainees' human rights but also aligns with the rehabilitative principles of correctional practices.&#x0D; Thirdly, the protection of foreigners under the Immigration Control Act falls within the scope of Article 10. Although it is not criminal detention, it represents a prominent area of application for the provision. Limiting the fundamental rights of individuals subject to this act should have stricter requirements than those applied to correctional facility detainees. However, the treatment of foreign detainees in immigration facilities seems to prioritize confinement and control over their basic rights, raising concerns. Efforts should be made to improve the detention environment fundamentally while ensuring the autonomy of foreign detainees.

Prevalence of Anemia, Knowledge, Attitude and Compliance Related to Weekly Iron Folic Acid Supplementation Programme among the Adolescents in Selected School of South East Delhi

Prevalence of Anemia, Knowledge, Attitude and Compliance Related to Weekly Iron Folic Acid Supplementation Programme among the Adolescents in Selected School of South East Delhi

Determination of Surgical Nurses’ Compliance with Isolation Precautions

Introduction: Patients are impacted by healthcare-associated infections. The aim of the study is to determine the compliance status of surgical nurses to isolation precautions. Methods: This research is a descriptive and cross-sectional research. The research was carried out between July and September 2022 in two training and research hospitals, with the participation of 215 surgical nurses. Face-to-face interviews were used to collect the research data using the Nurse Information Form and the scale. Results: The mean score of the Scale of Compliance with Isolation Precautions was determined as 53.38 ± 4.45 over 18–90 points. Upon comparing the total mean scores of surgical nurses on the scale by gender, the compliance of female surgical nurses with isolation precautions was found to be higher compared to male surgical nurses (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The compliance of the surgical nurses participating in the study with isolation precautions was determined to be moderate. The compliance of surgical nurses with isolation precautions should be increased.

Factors influencing voluntary tax compliance of self-employed individuals in Davao city

Most self-employed taxpayers, who are exempted from third-party reporting, is being evaded. Compared to employees and corporations, self-employed have a low percentage of compliance due to government regulation focusing more on large taxpayers, resulting in fiscal imbalance. Thus, this study aims to determine the significant influence of the tax behavior factors on the tax compliance status of self-employed individuals in Davao City. The study uses descriptive-correlational method and adapted a modified questionnaire to collect data from 180 self-employed taxpayers. Findings reveal that the level of four indicators: personal, institutional, economic, and social are high than the expected level. It also shows that the level of tax compliance in terms of administration and submitting tax returns are found to be tax compliant most of the time. Using the multiple regression analysis, only institutional and social factors significantly influence tax compliance. It is recommended that the government should further strengthen the tax authority's efficiency and effectiveness while making the tax system equitable. The researchers also suggest tax forms must be convenient and tax structure must be fair and just to likely increase the number of tax returns and ensure the favorable attitude of self-employed individuals towards taxation.

Digitally Based Blood Pressure Self-Monitoring Program That Promotes Hypertension Self-Management and Health Education Among Patients With Low-Income: Usability Study.

According to evidence-based clinical guidelines, adults with hypertension are advised to self-monitor their blood pressure (BP) twice daily. Self-measured BP monitoring is a recommended strategy for improving hypertension management. We aimed to determine the feasibility and acceptability of a digitally based BP self-monitoring program that promotes hypertension self-management and health education among low-income patients. We hypothesized that the program would be highly feasible and acceptable and that at least 50% of the patients would use the monitor at the rate required for the reimbursement of the device's cost (16 days of measurements in any 30-day period). Withings BPM Connect was deployed to patients at Family Health Centers of San Diego. Program elements included training, SMS text message reminders, and physician communication. Compliance, use, mean BP, and BP control status were calculated. A Kaplan-Meier time-to-event analysis was conducted to compare time to compliance between a strict definition (≥16 days in any rolling 30-day window) and a lenient definition (≥1 day per week for 4 consecutive weeks). A log-rank test was performed to determine whether the difference in time to compliance between the definitions was statistically significant. Mean systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) before the intervention and after the intervention and mean change in SBP and DBP across patients were calculated. Paired sample t tests (2-tailed) were performed to assess the changes in SBP and DBP from before to after the intervention. A total of 179 patients received the monitors. The mean changes in SBP and DBP from before to after the intervention were +2.62 (SE 1.26) mmHg and +3.31 (SE 0.71) mmHg, respectively. There was a statistically significant increase in both SBP and DBP after the intervention compared with before the intervention (P=.04 and P<.001). At the first and last measurements, 37.5% (63/168) and 48.8% (82/168) of the patients had controlled BP, respectively. During the observation period, 83.3% (140/168) of the patients had at least 1 controlled BP measurement. Use decreased over time, with 53.6% (90/168) of the patients using their monitor at week 2 and only 25% (42/168) at week 11. Although only 25.6% (43/168) achieved the strict definition of compliance, 42.3% (71/168) achieved the lenient definition of compliance. The median time to compliance was 130 days for the strict definition and 95 days for the lenient definition. The log-rank test showed a statistically significant difference in time to compliance between the compliance definitions (P<.001). Only 26.8% (45/168) complied with the measurement rate that would result in device cost reimbursement. Few patients used the monitors at a rate that would result in reimbursement, raising financial feasibility concerns. Plans for sustaining costs among low-income patients need to be further evaluated.

Peranan Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Provinsi Jawa Timur dalam Pengawasan Ketaatan Lingkungan Tidak Langsung Industri Transportasi di Kota Madiun Jawa Timur

Transportation plays a role in human life. One of the transportation activities is moving goods from one place to another. Transportation can support human activities to be faster and easier. Examples of transportation activities are motor vehicles, cars, conveyors, and the like. The results of these activities produce waste, one of which is liquid waste in the form of liquid and usually this type of liquid waste is very risky to pollute the environment. For one industry, liquid waste generally consists of solid waste materials, organic waste materials and inorganic waste materials left over from production, while household/domestic waste can be in the form of dirty water from bathing, washing and toilet use. The research objective is to determine environmental compliance by conducting Indirect Supervision of the Transportation Industry in the City of Madiun, East Java, namely the Waste Quality Standards, the parameters used and the Standard Quality Standard Regulations used. This study used a quantitative-descriptive research methodology, namely research that only describes the contents of a variable in the study, not intended to test a particular hypothesis. Then from the results of the Evaluation of the East Java Province Environmental Service for the Transportation Industry it has compliance status by conducting a Wastewater Sample Test to a Laboratory that has a National Accreditation Committee (KAN) and is checked regularly once a month by fulfilling the Quality Standards in accordance with: Regulations Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia Number P.68/Menlhk/Setjen/Kum.1/8/2016 Concerning Domestic Waste Quality Standards

Auditing the readiness of healthcare facilities for referral and management of pre-eclampsia cases in Zanzibar- a study protocol.

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are reported as the second leading root of maternal morbidity and mortality in Zanzibar. Evidence shows that the majority of pregnant women in Zanzibar are referred late from lower-level healthcare facilities, and majority develop complications of eclampsia. This study's goal is to determine if all public healthcare facilities in Zanzibar are prepared to manage pre-eclampsia cases and if lower-levels public healthcare facilities are ready to refer pre-eclampsia cases. This will be a descriptive cross-sectional study that will involve a total of 54 healthcare facilities and 176 health care providers working in antenatal clinics. All public health care facilities will be stratified into tertiary, secondary, and primary strata. A simple random sampling will be used to select 46 healthcare facilities in the primary stratum while all healthcare facilities within the tertiary and secondary strata will be selected. In each healthcare facility, a physical observation will be performed to assess the availability of equipment and supplies, medications, and lab tests, while a self-administered questionnaire will be used to assess the knowledge level and skills of healthcare providers for the management of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Patient's case files in the tertiary and secondary strata will be reviewed to assess the quality of management of pre-eclampsia while the service records of the primary stratum will be assessed for compliance status with referral guidelines. Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics will be used to describe the frequency distribution of the study variables, and results will be presented in terms of frequency and percentage. The Chi-square test will be used to describe the relationship between variables, and a p-value of < 0.05 will be regarded as a statistically significant difference.

Signboards prohibiting tobacco sale within 100 yards of educational institutes: the appraisal of prohibition compliance and on-ground status of the anti-smoking law in New Delhi’s major administrative precinct

ABSTRACT Cigarette smoking and tobacco use pose a threat to the health of young people and adolescents. The availability of tobacco vendors near educational institutes means higher availability to a vulnerable population. The Indian Government has enacted the Cigarettes and other Tobacco products (prohibition of advertisement and regulation of trade and commerce, production, supply and distribution) Act, 2003, or the COTPA Act, 2003 under a WHO resolution, which has further rules notified. Two important rules are prohibiting the sale of tobacco products within 100 yards of educational institutes and installing a signboard stating the prohibition to sell the same. This compliance was checked in 62 educational institutions in the administrative centre of India’s capital, New Delhi. The compliance of both the points, especially something easy as installations of boards is poor and less than half of the institutions had implemented. Tobacco sellers within 100 yards were present. Beyond 100 yards, but within reach was also where tobacco sellers were present. To save young adults, the compliance of COTPA, 2003 must be made strict and offenders punished severely.

GIẢI PHÁP THÚC ĐẨY SỰ TUÂN THỦ CỦA KIỂM TOÁN ĐỘC LẬP VIỆT NAM THEO QUỐC TẾ SOLUTIONS TO PROMOTE THE COMPLIANCE OF VIETNAM INDEPENDENT AUDITORS AS INTERNATIONAL INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

Strengthening integration and compliance with international regulations in general and the topic of independent audit, in particular, is a necessary issue in the current conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on assessing the current compliance status of the Vietnam independent audit, compared with international regulations to propose a system of synchronous solutions to further promote this compliance, such as an Amendment to the Law on Independent Audit, improve the VSA, perfecting supervision, perfecting training and retraining… Từ khóa: kiểm toán độc lập, hoàn thiện, hội nhập quốc tế Keywords: Independent Auditing, completing, international intergration JEL Classification: M40, M42, M49

The compliance status of tobacco control law (TCL) in Bangladesh: approach in a private university setting

The compliance status of tobacco control law (TCL) in Bangladesh: approach in a private university setting