Space Complex Research Articles

Vietoris–Rips complexes of metric spaces near a metric graph

Vietoris–Rips complexes of metric spaces near a metric graph

Розвиток на ДП «КБ «Південне» моделей оцінювання показників польотної безпеки для випадку аварії ракети на етапі польоту

Safety of the up-to-date rocket and space complexes remains a topical problem for the developers of rocket and space technology. The integral component of this problem along with the safety of operations during launch vehicle ground pre-launch processing is organization of flight safety. The basic task of this rocket and space complexes safety component is to prevent or minimize serious consequences in case of launch vehicle failure in the flight leg, after all such accidents can cause damage to the population and facilities (including personnel and facilities of the ground complex), located along the flight paths. It is shown that the flight safety assurance of the launch vehicle is based on the experience of combat missile systems. Flight safety during the launch vehicle launches is provided by laying flight paths through sparsely populated (unpopulated) territories and using special onboard flight safety systems. This system limits the size of impact zones of emergency launch vehicle and its debris by emergency engine shutdown. Recently flight safety process is organized based on the acceptable risk concept. It is based on a risk assessment for the ground-based facilities and people, and it should not exceed the established standards. Such approach requires development and upgrading of the mathematical models of risk assessment in case of launch vehicle failure in the flight phase. Formation of the risk-oriented approach to flight safety in Yuzhnoye SDO is shown. Key moment in this process is to develop the separate structural unit, which started working on rocket and space complexes flight safety assurance and analysis. The basic model for assessing the risks of damage to facilities and people is analyzed, using the maximum impact zone of an emergency launch vehicle, which is realized in case of loss of control and flight safety system activation. The main directions of the basic model improvement are shown, which led to the development of a number of new original models of flight safety assessment in the Yuzhnoye SDO. First of all, the developed models take into account the flight safety system specifics, which are used to equip the launch vehicles, developed by Yuzhnoye SDO: criteria of activation, blocking of the engine emergency shutdown in the initial flight phase and Fe functional. Such models allow to take into account the different nature of emergency situations in the launch vehicle flight phase and ways of their representation, representation of the damage areas of facilities in the form of convex polygons, possible fragmentation of the emergency launch vehicle at the free- fall leg etc. The developed models have found wide application in the practice of assessing flight safety indicators in the Yuzhnoye SDO projects. Key words: launch vehicle; acceptable risk; launch vehicle failure in the flight phase; flight safety system; emergency launch vehicle impact zone; risk of damage to facilities; collection risk.

Where Is Communication Breaking Down? Narrative Tensions in Obesity-in-Pregnancy Clinical Encounters [ID: 1377560

INTRODUCTION: Health care professionals (HCPs) often view obesity in pregnancy as a condition associated with numerous adverse clinical outcomes and procedural difficulties. In contrast, patients characterize their challenges encountered because of stigma, their desire for a normal pregnancy, and may feel weight is overemphasized. The study's objective was to explore stories of patients and HCPs in tandem, in order to understand communication challenges within obesity-in-pregnancy clinical encounters. METHODS: Employing narrative inquiry, we conducted in-depth interviews with 16 patients and 19 HCPs. Stigma theory informed our research approach. Dialogical narrative analysis of interview transcripts was conducted. RESULTS: We identified five narrative tensions that contributed to communication challenges during clinical encounters. The first three tensions related to contrasting views on obesity: 1) obesity as a detriment to health versus acceptance of obesity; 2) a result of personal choice versus a result of uncontrollable circumstances; and 3) a regular pregnancy versus a high-risk diagnosis. Two further tensions related to characterizations of communication within the clinical encounter: 4) typical and problem-free versus a tremendously difficult clinical encounter; and 5) talking openly about obesity versus sidestepping the topic. How participants positioned themselves relative to prevailing societal discourses regarding obesity and being a “good” HCP/patient influenced these tensions. CONCLUSION: This study identified five narrative tensions and revealed specific areas where communication in the obesity-in-pregnancy clinical encounter is vulnerable to breaking down, accounting for the complexities in this interactive space. These findings can inform clinical practice and education and may be applicable to other clinical contexts.

Methods of adaptation of the rocket and space complex in the conditions of its internal degradation

Methods of adaptation of the rocket and space complex in the conditions of its internal degradation

Simulation of the circulation complexity in student residence buildings using space syntax analyses (Case studies: Highland hall, Rita Atkinson, Rutgers University and Tooker Residences, USA)

ABSTRACT Investigating the spatial configuration can effectively interpret the circulation of an architectural plan layout. Student residences are among the most critical but neglected buildings in which the circulation system plays a vital role in efficient orientation and wayfinding. This study seeks to simulate and quantitatively assess the complexity of circulation spaces in student residence buildings in four different plan layouts. Space syntax analyses include the visual integration and connectivity drawn from Visibility Graph Analysis (VGA) maps for accessibility assessment, intelligibility calculated through all-line axial maps for wayfinding assessment, the field of view from the isovist map for visibility assessment, and agent-based analysis from the VGA map for the overall flow of occupants. Results revealed the strength and weaknesses of each layout. They indicated that the courtyard-shaped and figure-eight-shaped layouts could satisfy the highest degree of circulation efficiency. At the same time, the U-shaped and double-L-shaped plans had the weakest circulation. The study concludes by highlighting the practical implications for future strategies and the importance of syntactical analysis in the early stages of design.

Spatializing Narrative: Postcolonial Spaces of Oswald Andrew Bushnell’s Ka’a’awa

This study explores the representation of space in O.A Bushnell’s Ka’awa in which the seemingly contradictory spatial scene of the urban, the rural, the picturesque and the macabre delineates the complexity of postcolonial spaces. Ka’a’awa foregrounds the journey of Hiram Nihoa through his travel all around O’ahu in the 1850’s. Nihoa’s first-person account provides a vivid avenue for the readers through textual cues delineating spaces as they mentally mapped the slowly unfolding and unfamiliar spaces as his narration progresses. This study is the intersection between environmental/eco-criticism and geo-criticism which focuses on the complexities between spatial referents and their real-world referents as is stated by Tally Jr and Prieto, especially the postcolonial contexts of Hawai’i-West interaction during the second half of the 19th century. The finding posits how the readers familiarize themselves with the picturesque landscape of O’ahu through Nihoa’s evocative narration and how the spatial scene later resurfaces as space connotes death and diseases due to epidemic which defamiliarizes readers from prior spatiality. The spatial scene narrating scene of disease, despair and death highlights the discursive and material condition of Hawai’i as a postcolonial space. Space in Ka’a’awa alludes both toward the referential condition of 1850’s Hawai’i and symbolically represents the decline of the Hawai’ian natives.

Systemic and complexity of urban spaces and territories as a starting point for designing

En los territorios que habitamos suceden múltiples dinámicas e interacciones entre los objetos, personas y espacios. De todas estas relaciones emerge un gran sistema al que llamamos ciudad. En este análisis se establece que los productos, objetos, espacios y estructuras que diseñamos forman parte del sistema ciudad, y las interacciones con ellos y entre ellos dan origen a diversos fenómenos sociales y culturales, por lo que el estudio de los territorios desde la perspectiva sistémica puede darnos la pauta de cómo se debe diseñar el entorno y sus objetos para solucionar problemas y evolucionar a los sistemas sociales.

SCIENTIFIC-TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF THE WORLD’S FIRST UKRAINIAN SPACE COMPLEX «VESELKA»

On October 27, 1961, the first world’s space launch vehicle (not completed and tested well ballistic missile) 11K63 (63S1) with a satellite was launched. The main goal of the new space complex “Veselka” (“Rainbow”) (K11K63) was to define potential branches for the effective usage of space technologies. The weight of the first Ukrainian satellite DS-1 (Dnipropetrovsk satellite) was 310 lbs. The practical usage of new space complex was the launch of artificial satellites weighing up to 990 lbs into low Earth orbit. For comparison, the weight of the first American satellite was 30 lbs. with the 4th stage of the rocket, without the possibility to detach the last stage. The satellite DS-1 passed all tests necessary for that time. It was completely ready for work in the conditions of outer space. But … the first Ukrainian satellite to go into space was DS-2, launched on March 16, 1962, in the 3rd launch attempt. For the first time, an attempt was made to analyze the phenomenon of creating the world’s first space complex and launching serial satellites of the Earth (hereinafter – the well-known series “Cosmos”) against the historical background. The scientific, technical, and military-applied aspects of the development of the space complex were analyzed. The role of the powerful industrial cooperation from the very beginning planned by Academies of Sciences, branch institutes, and scientists of Eastern Europe, France, Sweden, and India (the “Intercosmos” program) for the development of the complex was described. The issues of staff training for the rocket and space industry are particularly underlined as a key factor of success in space. Some inaccuracies regarding the history of Ukrainian satellites were noted and fixed, which are often found in some publications on this topic.

Rhythmanalysis as methodology for understanding the social complexity of school spaces

This paper reports on Henri Lefebvre’s methodological approach of 'rhythmanalysis' as a productive tool to understand the complex social constructions of school spaces. Schooling is founded on relationships. These relationships exist in multi-directional and multi-layered ways between teachers, students, school leadership, parents and carers, the school and local community, and official Departments of Education; but also between education policy, official curriculum, and official assessment regimes; and between the material spaces of schools such as school buildings, classrooms and outdoor spaces. These relations are complex and multidimensional, and are characterised by movement. This paper reports on the methodological approach of a recent ethnographic study in a secondary school in suburban Melbourne, Australia that investigated the complex socio-spatial relations that shape teachers’ intercultural work at this school. This paper reports on the nature of relations in school spaces across three domains - conceived, perceived and lived space - and identifies the kinds of rhythms these produce. I argue that this approach enables education researchers to examine in close detail the complex and mobile nature of relations that shape teachers' work in local settings, and may better inform a situated approach to curriculum and policy development.

K-DGHC: A hierarchical clustering method based on K-dominance granularity

Existing hierarchical clustering (HC) algorithms generally depend on the Euclidean characteristic metric (Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance, Chebyshev distance, etc.) on Euclidean space to describe the similarity between objects, which makes the clustering process oriented to data sets with uniform and regular distribution in Euclidean space. Although such methods can visually distinguish the cluster distribution of data, it is not effective for the data sets which are densely distributed, interlaced and complex in Euclidean space. As a scalable, efficient and robust method, granular computing generally analyzes data from the perspective of similarity and proximity. In consideration of the advantages of granular computing in extracting data information from a multi-level perspective, in order to reduce the limitations of HC methods based on Euclidean features on non-Euclidean data, this paper proposes a novel HC method based on non-Euclidean feature structure. First, this paper constructs the similarity between objects based on K-dominance granularity and neighborhood search, and considers the environmental information of data points from both global and local perspectives. Secondly, a new HC method based on non-Euclidean feature structure is designed on the basis of the similarity measurement constructed in this paper. Finally, through comparative analysis, the experimental results prove that our method can more accurately identify the densely distributed and interlaced data sets in Euclidean space; it is significantly better than comparison algorithms using different Euclidean features to measure similarity; it has good robustness when additional Gaussian noise is added.

Traces for Hilbert complexes

We study a new notion of trace operators and trace spaces for abstract Hilbert complexes. We introduce trace spaces as quotient spaces/annihilators. We characterize the kernels and images of the related trace operators and discuss duality relationships between trace spaces. We elaborate that many properties of the classical boundary traces associated with the Euclidean de Rham complex on bounded Lipschitz domains are rooted in the general structure of Hilbert complexes. We arrive at abstract trace Hilbert complexes that can be formulated using quotient spaces/annihilators. We show that, if a Hilbert complex admits stable “regular decompositions” with compact lifting operators, then the associated trace Hilbert complex is Fredholm. Incarnations of abstract concepts and results in the concrete case of the de Rham complex in three-dimensional Euclidean space will be discussed throughout.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation rescues simulated space complex environment-induced emotional and social impairments by enhancing neuronal excitability in the medial prefrontal cortex.

Studies have shown that spaceflight affects the emotional and social performance of astronauts. Identifying the neural mechanisms underlying the emotional and social effects of spacefaring-specific environments is essential to specify targeted treatment and prevention interventions. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been shown to improve the neuronal excitability and is used to treat psychiatric disorders such as depression. To study the changes of excitatory neuron activity in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in simulated space complex environment (SSCE), and to explore the role of rTMS in behavioral disorders caused by SSCE and the neural mechanism. We found that rTMS effectively ameliorated the emotional and social impairments of mice in SSCE, and acute rTMS could instantaneously enhance the excitability of mPFC neurons. During depression-like and social novelty behaviors, chronic rTMS enhanced the mPFC excitatory neuronal activity that was inhibited by SSCE. Above results suggested that rTMS can completely reverse the SSCE-induced mood and social impairment by enhancing the suppressed mPFC excitatory neuronal activity. It was further found that rTMS suppressed the SSCE-induced excessive dopamine D2 receptor expression, which may be the cellular mechanism by which rTMS potentiates the SSCE-evoked hypoactive mPFC excitatory neurons. Our current results raise the possibility of rTMS being applied as a novel neuromodulation for mental health protection in spaceflight.

Chronotopes of Romance and Realism

The question of how the material imagination develops from a child to an adult writer may be approached in many ways. In the case of the Brontës, attention has tended to focus on the materiality of the miniature books in which they recorded their childhood “plays” or on the physical objects that both furnished the parsonage at Haworth and stimulated their young imaginations. In this essay, I take a different approach, considering materiality in the broadest possible sense as the physical complex of space and time that defines the universe.
 Using this conception of materiality, I set out to the chart the development of Anne Brontë’s material imagination from her juvenile to her post-juvenile writing by comparing representations of time and space in her teenage poem “Alexander and Zenobia” and in her first mature literary work, the novel Agnes Grey. In considering the movement of characters through time and space in these two texts, I focus on a specific narrative motif—the lovers’ reunion—in order to identify both continuities and differences between Brontë’s younger and more mature literary methods.

On the rational topological complexity of coformal elliptic spaces

We establish some upper and lower bounds of the rational topological complexity for certain classes of elliptic spaces. Our techniques permit us in particular to show that the rational topological complexity coincides with the dimension of the rational homotopy for some special families of coformal elliptic spaces.

ПОДАТКОВЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ І СТИМУЛЮВАННЯ РОЗВИТКУ АВІАЦІЙНО-КОСМІЧНОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

The article summarizes the institutional features of taxation of the aviation and space complex by its sub-sectors and individual types of economic activity. The principles of building a tax system for aircraft manufacturing entities, the content of their benefits from VAT, corporate income tax, and land tax are highlighted. The list of their transactions, which are exempt from VAT taxation and taxed at a zero rate, has been systematized. The conditions for exemption from the payment of income tax for aircraft manufacturing entities, the requirements for the targeted use of the released funds and the principles of state control over its legality have been determined. The tax system for aviation transport enterprises has been formalized, which includes benefits from VAT, excise taxes, as well as income tax under contracts of compulsory insurance of passenger transportation of civil aviation. Differences in VAT taxation of international and domestic transportation of passengers and baggage by air transport have been established. The list of its services, which are taxed at zero VAT rate, are exempt from VAT taxation and are not subject to VAT taxation, is defined. The reasons for the application of the excise tax rate without the application of the increasing coefficient for the import and production of aviation gasoline and fuel for jet engines have been clarified. The requirements for registration of tax benefits for transactions with excise goods in terms of the use of tax invoices, excise invoices, sales contracts, etc. are highlighted. Considered possible options for paying off a tax bill for a certain amount of excise tax. The experience of tax incentives for the implementation of the national infrastructural and transport project “Air Express” through the provision of VAT benefits has been systematized. It is substantiated by directions for improving the taxation of the aviation and space complex in terms of: equalization of the tax status of aircraft construction entities and manufacturers of space equipment, the application of a reduced VAT rate for all domestic air transportation, changes in the principles of state financial control of tax benefits based on an audit of the effectiveness of their use.

Dustiness assessment at reinforced concrete articles production in LLC “Monolit-Yug” shop

The aim of the paper is to determine fine fractions content of mineral particles formed during the production of building materials. The production of concrete and reinforced concrete products is associated with the use of dispersed mineral substances in large quantities as aggregates. This is accompanied by dust emissions and, accordingly, air pollution. The efficiency of aspiration systems at enterprises is low due to the specifics of the location and operation of the equipment complex in space and time. Therefore, an attempt was made to develop a method for separating dust fractions when assessing the working area dustiness in the production of concrete and reinforced concrete products. Since the main method of assessing dust content is gravimetric, it is proposed to isolate the most dangerous dust particles for the human body when taking air samples with blocks by means of three filters from various filter materials. The performed calibration in laboratory conditions and measurements directly at the workplaces of LLC “Monolit-Yug” showed relatively small errors in air sampling and made it possible to estimate the total dust content and the proportion of fine dust fractions. The conducted research will be used for recommendations development to improve the efficiency of aspiration systems.

The reaction of the urban soil-plant complex on abnormal weather conditions

This research is devoted to the study of geochemical features in the soil-plant complex of green spaces in Saint-Petersburg and their changes in abnormal weather conditions, which was the first experience of such work in this region. It included the research of such aspects as accumulation of heavy metals by plants from the soil, photosynthetic pigment apparatus of plants and the content of organic carbon in the soil. The X-ray fluorescence analysis method was used to determine the content of heavy metals, the determination of organic carbon in the soil was carried out in accordance with the Tyurin method, the content of chlorophyll and carotenoids was determined by photometrical method. The study showed that in stressful conditions (abnormal hot weather) there are changes happening in the pigments system of the leaf and in the barrier function in relation to heavy metals.

Analysis of the Arab Space Cooperation Group’s Activities

Currently, many countries in the Middle East are actively investing in the development of their space programs. In the long term, it is the presence of an advanced rocket and space potential in the countries of the Middle East that will be of decisive importance in building foreign policy relations in the region, dominating and promoting its position in the surrounding countries. This is due to several factors. Firstly, the use of modern space systems and complexes will ensure global, round-the-clock, all-weather, and operational monitoring of human activities on Earth, continuous monitoring of economic and military activities in the region. This will not only give an advantage over other countries in the region during the conduct of hostilities but will also allow us to fight terrorism and organized crime more successfully. Secondly, the development of the space industry is of great economic interest, since the development of the space industry opens the telecommunications market, allows you to provide services in this area to other countries, and most importantly creates the need to develop your own industrial production, which is what most countries in the region are striving for, given their dependence on economies from oil prices. The article discusses the activities of the Arab Group for Cooperation in Space, created in 2019, describes its members, goals, existing projects, and prospects.

Development of the CYCLOPS CubeSat payload

The number of CubeSat satellites launched has been increasing over the past decades. These satellites have a number of advantages: short development time, low cost, possibility of modifications for certain scientific tasks and testing of technical solutions and new developments. This article describes payloads of a small spacecraft: CubeSat 3U CYCLOPS designed by D.F.Ustinov Baltic State Technical University "Voenmeh within grant under Space-Pi program. The purpose of the study: is to create, test and study the performance of payload modules of the vehicle, built using commercially available components, under space flight conditions. The text describes the structure of interaction between the payload and the OrbCraft-Pro 3U platform from Sputnix LLC. The process of development of payload control board is considered. The control system software for mechatronic and multi axis actuator modules with logging and error correction is described. Ln addition to the above-mentioned modules, the payload control system was also developed to carry out a series of experiments in die presence of a small spacecraft in orbit. The paper explains how the spacecraft communicates with the ground via special software Houston control application and Houston Telnet. The results describe tests performed on the mechanical components of the spacecraft. Examples of telemetry packets received from on-board the spacecraft are given. The article also reflects further plans for the project and the prospects of using the developed hardware for implementation in large-scale space systems and complexes. Also as part of the project students were able to gain engineering experience in the development of devices designed to work in space conditions.

Structural design of satellite geodetic networks using mobile monitoring stations

The article considers a method for solving the problem of structural design of modernized networks of non-request measuring instruments of a ground-based control complex for navigation stations of a space complex. The object of research is satellite geodetic networks using mobile monitoring stations. The type of such networks is information and control systems distributed over the territory, dispersed in space. Structurally, they are determined by multifunctional sets of stationary and mobile elements with advanced technical means for receiving, transmitting and processing information. It is shown that in the structural design of satellite geodetic networks, special attention is paid to the cost of the network, since this can significantly reduce the cost of field work associated with the use of mobile monitoring stations. An analysis of various approaches to the formation of the structure of such systems was carried out, which showed that the tasks of formation can be divided into two groups: the formation of the topological structure of the system and the formation of the functional structure of the system. The paper presents the stages of the analytical and simulation procedure, which includes optimization and simulation models and allows solving the problem of structural design of satellite geodetic networks.