As of January 2022, 343 million cases of SARS-CoV-2 were reported globally. COVID-19 is a multi-faceted, multi-systemic illness in which all age groups are susceptible. A number of research findings have shown that COVID-19 is associated with dysbiosis, leading to the development of local and systemic pathologies. It was found that the use of probiotics in the complex therapy of patients with COVID19 reduces the severity of the disease and the development of complications. According to the researchers, several mechanisms could explain the therapeutic effect of probiotics, including the ability to suppress proinflammatory cytokine formation and modulate the functional activity of the immune system. In Russia, probiotics in the treatment of COVID-19 patients are only used to correct diarrhea, while literature suggests that probiotics have much greater therapeutic potential. Introducing oral bacterial therapy into the treatment and rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients requires further clinical trials.