Complex Set Research Articles

The Category of Modality. Cognitive Approach. The Psycho/Neurolinguistic Substrate

In traditional sense, in the act of communication, the modality category marks the position of the speaker in relation to himself, the listener and the emitted content, constituting a complex set of interdependent relationships between the speaker (transmitter) and the listener (receiver), which might endanger the message-code relationship in human communication. The material investigated in the present approach allows the possibility to distinguish the attitude of the speaker, perceived as a reaction to external stimuli, thus gaining both rational and irrational support, able to reveal some latent processes of consciousness. The reported ones, both psycho-linguistically and socially, mentally or emotionally, allow the possibility to outline an integral image of the speaking subject, manifesting one’s own vision upon a certain situation, from the perspective of the individual – ontic realities – reasoning – reaction. The modality, a distinctive mark within the structure of a statement, is endowed with a purely subjective imputation, a decisive fact for an extensive investigation of the phenomenon in question, a position fully adopted in the present article. The conceptual ambiguity of the modality continues to generate various interpretations and dissensions in the content-expression context, and, as a whole, regarding the language-speech or language-thinking dichotomies. Representing one of the linguistic universals, the mentioned category is circumscribed to multiple fields related to cognitivism, namely: logic, philosophy of language, psychology, having tangents with psycholinguistics and neurolinguistics, which, in modern linguistics, imposes new directions of investigation of those factors involved in the communication process.

Disruption of influenza virus packaging signals results in various misassembled genome complexes.

The influenza A virus genome consists of eight distinct viral RNAs (vRNAs) that are typically packaged into a single virion as an octameric complex. How this genome complex is assembled and incorporated into the virion is poorly understood, but previous research suggests a coordinative role for packaging signals present in all vRNAs. Here, we show that disruption of two packaging signals in a model H7N7 influenza A virus results in a mixture of virions with unusual vRNA content, including empty virions, virions with one to four vRNAs, and virions with octameric complexes composed of vRNA duplicates. Our results suggest that (i) the assembly of error-free octameric complexes proceeds through a series of defined vRNA sub-complexes and (ii) virions can bud without incorporating complete octameric complexes.

Signaling Pathways Controlling Axonal Wrapping in Drosophila.

The rapid transmission of action potentials is an important ability that enables efficient communication within the nervous system. Glial cells influence conduction velocity along axons by regulating the radial axonal diameter, providing electrical insulation as well as affecting the distribution of voltage-gated ion channels. Differentiation of these wrapping glial cells requires a complex set of neuron-glia interactions involving three basic mechanistic features. The glia must recognize the axon, grow around it, and eventually arrest its growth to form single or multiple axon wraps. This likely depends on the integration of numerous evolutionary conserved signaling and adhesion systems. Here, we summarize the mechanisms and underlying signaling pathways that control glial wrapping in Drosophila and compare those to the mechanisms that control glial differentiation in mammals. This analysis shows that Drosophila is a beneficial model to study the development of even complex structures like myelin.

Extension of correlation coefficient based TOPSIS technique for interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft set: A case study in extract, transform, and load techniques.

Correlation is an essential statistical concept for analyzing two dissimilar variables' relationships. Although the correlation coefficient is a well-known indicator, it has not been applied to interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft sets (IVPFSS) data. IVPFSS is a generalized form of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets and a refined extension of Pythagorean fuzzy soft sets. In this study, we propose the correlation coefficient (CC) and weighted correlation coefficient (WCC) for IVPFSS and examine their necessary properties. Based on the proposed correlation measures, we develop a prioritization technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS). We use the Extract, Transform, and Load (ETL) software selection as an example to demonstrate the application of these measures and construct a prioritization technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) model. The method investigates the challenge of optimizing ETL software selection for business intelligence (BI). This study offers to illuminate the significance of using correlation measures to make decisions in uncertain and complex settings. The multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) approach is a powerful instrument with many applications. This expansion is predicted to conclude in a more reliable decision-making structure. Using a sensitivity analysis, we contributed empirical studies to determine the most significant decision processes. The proposed algorithm's productivity is more consistent than prevalent models in controlling the adequate conformations of the anticipated study. Therefore, this research is expected to contribute significantly to statistics and decision-making.

The Way to Develop a Project Mindset according to Secondary School Students

The 21st century has brought many changes to our lives. The pandemic and the major changes that followed have affected our daily lives. Many competences have come to the fore that were previously secondary in the world of work. These competences include project thinking and thinking in terms of projects. Project thinking is not a stand-alone concept, but a complex set of competences that encompasses a number of other competences. It includes teamwork, communication, time management, insight, flexibility or even agility and time management. A project approach is nowadays not only needed in the world of work, but many school tasks can be defined as projects, leading students to succeed in real life. The aim of this study is to present the project approach and its different dimensions, based on the perceptions of secondary school students and the results of a questionnaire survey. The paper aims to shed light on the different aspects of the project approach, highlighting the areas and directions that need improvement and which could be the key to the future.

Influence of the geotectonic regime on property formation of coal in the northern edges of the Donetsk basin

Purpose. To determine the influence of the geotectonic regime during accumulation of carbon formation on development of coal-bed properties of the northern Donbas. Methodology. To perform the tasks set, a number of research methods were used which include petrographic, chemical and technological, facies and tectonic, computational, statistical and analytical, informational, chronological, genetic, comparative and other methods. Findings. The effect of the geotectonic regime on the formation of coal properties has been established. It is proved that the change in the number of maceral groups is of a regular nature. The reduction in the number of maceral groups of liptinith and irtinitis, in the light of the increase in the number of maceral wind group, is taking place in the direction of the growth of the total amplitude and average speed of the oscillating movements of the Earth’s crust during the accumulation of carbon formation. Originality. Coal formation is considered regarding a unified geodynamic perspective as an integral part of a complex set of natural processes that accompanied the development and interaction of deep structures (plates) of the lithosphere. The main attention is paid to the peculiarities of the composition and quality of coal formed under geodynamic conditions with different motion nature of the lithosphere. For the first time, comparative analysis of the coal-bearing formation of the middle Carboniferous period of the Old and Northern Donbas has been performed. Detailed petrographic and chemical-technological characteristics are given to the coal seams of the Northern Donbas. The peculiarities of the composition and quality of the coal of the deltaic-bog-marine formation have been determined for the first time compared to the coal of other formations of the Middle Carboniferous. Practical value. Regional (“provincial”) peculiarities of coal composition and quality of deltaic-bog-marine and alluvial-bog- marine formations of northern Donbas regions have been defined, which will allow substantiating the directions of its rational use. The proposed approach makes it possible to predict coal content as well as composition and quality of coal in the areas of distribution of bituminous coal. The expediency and prospects of adding the coal of northern Donbas to the fuel base of Ukraine are proven.

Migratory class-making in global Asian cities: the European mobile middle negotiating ambivalent privilege in Tokyo, Singapore, and Dubai

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the fraught status paradoxes and settlement impediments of European migrants in Asian cities like Tokyo, Singapore, and Dubai. Global European emigration is predominantly imagined as professional ‘expatriation’, framed as temporary if not steeped in linear career pathways of manifest privilege. The implied bifurcation between voluntary European mobilities and economic migrations from the Global South is complicated here by foregrounding the existential aspirations of middling European emigrants who are anxious about their future class position in Europe and therefore resettle along a wider trans-Asian economic corridor. While this European mobile middle retains global advantages in terms of transnational circulation and entry by virtue of their European citizenship capital, they face under-documented legal hurdles and social precarities in their quest for overseas permanence. We conceptualise this transcontinental process, marked by a complex set of mobility ambivalences over time, as ‘migratory class-making’, the distinctive aspirations of which elucidate that structural socioeconomic incentives are equally bound up with contemporary forms of European migration. Enmeshed in this global process of migratory class-making lays a European predicament that speaks of blighted existential hopes about middle-class stability imagined to be the ideal result of multi-year investments in class-making across Europe and Asia.

A novel tetra-primer ARMS-PCR approach for the molecular karyotyping of chromosomal inversion 2Ru in the main malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii

BackgroundChromosomal inversion polymorphisms have been associated with adaptive behavioral, physiological, morphological and life history traits in the two main Afrotropical malaria vectors, Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae. The understanding of the adaptive value of chromosomal inversion systems is constrained by the feasibility of cytological karyotyping. In recent years in silico and molecular approaches have been developed for the genotyping of most widespread inversions (2La, 2Rb and 2Rc). The 2Ru inversion, spanning roughly 8% of chromosome 2R, is commonly polymorphic in West African populations of An. coluzzii and An. gambiae and shows clear increases in frequency with increasing rainfall seasonally and geographically. The aim of this work was to overcome the constraints of currently available cytological and high-throughput molecular assays by developing a simple PCR assay for genotyping the 2Ru inversion in individual specimens of both mosquito species.MethodsWe designed tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR assays based on five tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously shown to be strongly correlated with 2Ru inversion orientation. The most promising assay was validated against laboratory and field samples of An. coluzzii and An. gambiae karyotyped either cytogenetically or molecularly using a genotyping-in-thousands by sequencing (GT-seq) high-throughput approach that employs targeted sequencing of multiplexed PCR amplicons.ResultsA successful assay was designed based on the tag SNP at position 2R, 31710303, which is highly predictive of the 2Ru genotype. The assay, which requires only one PCR, and no additional post-PCR processing other than electrophoresis, produced a clear banding pattern for 98.5% of the 454 specimens tested, which is a 96.7% agreement with established karyotyping methods. Sequences were obtained for nine of the An. coluzzii specimens manifesting 2Ru genotype discrepancies with GT-seq. Possible sources of these discordances are discussed.ConclusionsThe tetra-primer ARMS-PCR assay represents an accurate, streamlined and cost-effective method for the molecular karyotyping of the 2Ru inversion in An. coluzzii and An. gambiae. Together with approaches already available for the other common polymorphic inversions, 2La, 2Rb and 2Rc, this assay will allow investigations of the adaptive value of the complex set of inversion systems observed in the two major malaria vectors in the Afrotropical region.Graphical

Remote data collection in sociolinguistics: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT This article reports on our experience of collecting language data from informants in video-conferencing settings under a research design originally developed with face-to-face interactions in mind. We had set out to investigate whether individual stylistic features persist in different modes of textual production and designed a complex set of data-collection procedures, which we then adopted for use in a fully virtual environment with 112 informants, who were asked to provide language samples in eight discourse types. We conclude that the unintended shift to virtual settings had only a minimal impact on the volume and quality of the data. While the process was occasionally afflicted by IT-related technical issues and made extra demands on the data collector, it also created opportunities, notably around the management of interactional power asymmetries. Additional benefits included instant troubleshooting during data handover sessions and the ability to recruit participants who would not have been able to travel to face-to-face sessions.

Factors influencing practice choices of early-career family physicians in Canada: a qualitative interview study

BackgroundComprehensiveness of primary care has been declining, and much of the blame has been placed on early-career family physicians and their practice choices. To better understand early-career family physicians’ practice choices in Canada, we sought to identify the factors that most influence their decisions about how to practice.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study using framework analysis. Family physicians in their first 10 years of practice were recruited from three Canadian provinces: British Columbia, Ontario, and Nova Scotia. Interview data were coded inductively and then charted onto a matrix in which each participant’s data were summarized by code.ResultsOf the 63 participants that were interviewed, 24 worked solely in community-based practice, 7 worked solely in focused practice, and 32 worked in both settings. We identified four practice characteristics that were influenced (scope of practice, practice type and model, location of practice, and practice schedule and work volume) and three categories of influential factors (training, professional, and personal).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the complex set of factors that influence practice choices by early-career physicians, some of which may be modifiable by policymakers (e.g., policies and regulations) while others are less so (e.g., family responsibilities). Participants described individual influences from family considerations to payment models to meeting community needs. These findings have implications for both educators and policymakers who seek to support and expand comprehensive care.

Factors facilitating the implementation of a clinical decision support system in primary care practices: a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis

BackgroundUnderstanding how to implement innovations in primary care practices is key to improve primary health care. Aiming to contribute to this understanding, we investigate the implementation of a clinical decision support system (CDSS) as part of the innovation fund project AdAM (01NVF16006). Originating from complexity theory, the practice change and development model (PCD) proposes several interdependent factors that enable organizational-level change and thus accounts for the complex settings of primary care practices. Leveraging the PCD, we seek to answer the following research questions: Which combinations of internal and external factors based on the PCD contribute to successful implementation in primary care practices? Given these results, how can implementation in the primary care setting be improved?MethodsWe analyzed the joint contributions of internal and external factors on implementation success using qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). QCA is a set-theoretic approach that allows to identify configurations of multiple factors that lead to one outcome (here: successful implementation of a CDSS in primary care practices). Using survey data, we conducted our analysis based on a sample of 224 primary care practices.ResultsWe identified two configurations of internal and external factors that likewise enable successful implementation. The first configuration enables implementation based on a combination of Strong Inside Motivation, High Capability for Development, and Strong Outside Motivation; the second configuration based on a combination of Strong Inside Motivators, Many Options for Development and the absence of High Capability for Development.ConclusionIn line with the PCD, our results demonstrate the importance of the combination of internal and external factors for implementation outcomes. Moreover, the two identified configurations show that different ways exist to achieve successful implementation in primary care practices.Trial registrationAdAM was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03430336) on February 6, 2018.

PREDICTIVE FACTORS AND CLINICAL AND PARACLINICAL FEATURES OF URINARY TRACT DYSFUNCTION IN PRETERM INFANTS

PREDICTIVE FACTORS AND CLINICAL AND PARACLINICAL FEATURES OF URINARY TRACT DYSFUNCTION IN PRETERM INFANTS

Exploring the Potential of Artificial Intelligence for Hydrogel Development-A Short Review.

AI and ML have emerged as transformative tools in various scientific domains, including hydrogel design. This work explores the integration of AI and ML techniques in the realm of hydrogel development, highlighting their significance in enhancing the design, characterisation, and optimisation of hydrogels for diverse applications. We introduced the concept of AI train hydrogel design, underscoring its potential to decode intricate relationships between hydrogel compositions, structures, and properties from complex data sets. In this work, we outlined classical physical and chemical techniques in hydrogel design, setting the stage for AI/ML advancements. These methods provide a foundational understanding for the subsequent AI-driven innovations. Numerical and analytical methods empowered by AI/ML were also included. These computational tools enable predictive simulations of hydrogel behaviour under varying conditions, aiding in property customisation. We also emphasised AI's impact, elucidating its role in rapid material discovery, precise property predictions, and optimal design. ML techniques like neural networks and support vector machines that expedite pattern recognition and predictive modelling using vast datasets, advancing hydrogel formulation discovery are also presented. AI and ML's have a transformative influence on hydrogel design. AI and ML have revolutionised hydrogel design by expediting material discovery, optimising properties, reducing costs, and enabling precise customisation. These technologies have the potential to address pressing healthcare and biomedical challenges, offering innovative solutions for drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound healing, and more. By harmonising computational insights with classical techniques, researchers can unlock unprecedented hydrogel potentials, tailoring solutions for diverse applications.

Organizational and economic mechanism for increase in the energy efficiency of the national economy

The article discloses the methodological foundations of energy efficiency management based on the author's definition of the essence and content of the organizational and economic mechanism of increasing the energy efficiency of the national economy as a complex system of interacting organizational-technological, management-administrative and economic-ecological levers and regulators aimed at the rational use of available energy resources to optimize energy consumption, reduce energy costs and increasing the overall productivity of the state economy while rationalizing the development of the country's natural resource potential. The set of principles for implementing the national energy efficiency policy has been improved, the consideration of which is due to the catastrophic state of the energy sector and the urgency of its reconstruction, dividing them into five groups. The scale and nature of the destruction of the energy sector and environmental pollution because of large-scale military aggression of the Russian Federation are shown. The organizational and economic mechanism incorporates tools of a different nature, together with legal regulations, financial and credit support, technical and technological innovations, management decisions, and other measures that will contribute to the achievement of goals in the context of increasing energy efficiency and ensuring energy saving in industries and productions of the national economy. A complex set of priority levers and regulators has been formed to synchronously implement three constitutively crucial tasks: restoration of the domestic energy sector after destruction, rationalization of the development of natural resource potential, and improvement of the economy's energy efficiency. It was noted that the country's post-war recovery in the context of increasing the level of energy efficiency due to the introduction of renewable and alternative energy sources requires comprehensive information and educational and communication support. It is shown that the development of the organizational and economic mechanism for increasing energy efficiency requires the formation of its structure according to seven target sub-mechanisms, considering the destruction of the energy infrastructure and facilities. An algorithm of managerial actions regarding the formation and implementation of the organizational and economic mechanism for increasing the energy efficiency of the national economy in nine stages has been developed. Keywords: energy efficiency, energy saving, organizational and economic mechanism of increasing energy efficiency, principles of action implementation, target sub-mechanisms, the algorithm of management actions.

Approaches for Numerical Modeling and Simulation of the Filling Phase in Injection Molding: A Review.

Injection molding is a multiphase process that requires accurate simulation of the filling phase. This is a key element in predicting the complete injection molding cycle. The filling phase presents a complex set of challenges, including migrating melt fronts, multi-phase flow, non-Newtonian fluid dynamics, and intertwined heat transfer. Evolving from 1D to 2D, 2.5D, and 3D techniques, filling simulation research has adapted to capture the intricacies of injection-molded parts. However, the need for accuracy in the characterization of the rheological properties of polymers during filling is still of paramount importance. In order to systematically categorize the numerical methods used to simulate the filling phase of injection molding, this review paper provides a comprehensive summary. Particular emphasis is given to the complex interaction of multiple geometric parameters that significantly influence the dynamic evolution of the filling process. In addition, a spectrum of rheological models is thoroughly and exhaustively explored in the manuscript. These models serve as basic mathematical constructs to help describe the complex viscous behavior of polymers during the filling phase. These models cover a spectrum of complexity and include widely recognized formulations such as the Power-Law, second-order, Herschel-Bulkley, Carreau, Bird-Carreau, and Cross models. The paper presents their implementation to include the temperature-dependent influence on viscosity. In this context, the extensions of these models are explained in detail. These extensions are designed to take into account the dynamic viscosity changes caused by the different thermal conditions during the filling process. An important contribution of this study is the systematic classification of these models. This categorization encompasses both academic research and practical integration into commercial software frameworks. In addition to the theoretical importance of these models, their practical value in overcoming challenges in the field of injection molding is emphasized. By systematically outlining these models within a structured framework, this classification promotes a comprehensive understanding of their intrinsic characteristics and relevance in different scenarios.

Introduction of Androgen Receptor Targeting shRNA Inhibits Tumor Growth in Patient-Derived Prostate Cancer Xenografts.

Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models have been established as important preclinical cancer models, overcoming some of the limitations associated with the use of cancer cell lines. The utility of prostate cancer PDX models has been limited by an inability to genetically manipulate them in vivo and difficulties sustaining PDX-derived cancer cells in culture. Viable, short-term propagation of PDX models would allow in vitro transfection with traceable reporters or manipulation of gene expression relevant to different studies within the prostate cancer field. Here, we report an organoid culture system that supports the growth of prostate cancer PDX cells in vitro and permits genetic manipulation, substantially increasing the scope to use PDXs to study the pathobiology of prostate cancer and define potential therapeutic targets. We have established a short-term PDX-derived in vitro cell culture system which enables genetic manipulation of prostate cancer PDXs LuCaP35 and BM18. Genetically manipulated cells could be re-established as viable xenografts when re-implanted subcutaneously in immunocompromised mice and were able to be serially passaged. Tumor growth of the androgen-dependent LuCaP35 PDX was significantly inhibited following depletion of the androgen receptor (AR) in vivo. Taken together, this system provides a method to generate novel preclinical models to assess the impact of controlled genetic perturbations and allows for targeting specific genes of interest in the complex biological setting of solid tumors.

(Plat)formatted Creativity: Creating Music in the Age of Streaming

What impact does music streaming have on the production and aesthetics of popular music? Based on 15 qualitative interviews with Norwegian music creators, this article explores how music production is executed and interpreted under the paradigm of platformization. Following the concept of ‘creativity constraints’ – a concept highlighting the restraining and enabling possibilities inherent in the complex sets of constraints surrounding creative agency – this article proposes an analysis centered around three different views emphasizing the opportunities, the limitations, and the negotiations that are put into play throughout the processes of platformized music production. The article finds that the music creators continuously negotiate between these three different (partly opposing, partly overlapping) views when producing music, of which an exchange between emphasizing the democratizing and creatively liberating potential of platformization, and criticizing the commercializing and creatively standardizing effect platformization (and the attention economy) pose on contemporary music culture, constitutes the analysis discursive point of gravity. In this way, the article highlights various dialectics and contradictions concerning the ways in which popular music production develops under the paradigm of platformization.

‘It would be quite good if there was somewhere that just did everything’: perspectives on death administration following a bereavement

‘Death administration’ is a term used to describe the wide range of tasks which must be completed after a loved one has died, such as registering the death and obtaining a death certificate. This involves fulfilling a complex set of time-sensitive procedures during a period of often intense vulnerability, which further compounds the stress and upset felt when grieving. Using data from a qualitative study exploring people’s experiences of carrying out tasks related to death administration in the UK, this article seeks to demonstrate some of the problems inherent within the process. In doing so, it highlights some of the ways that the unavoidable challenge of completing death administration can be made less burdensome, both physically and emotionally, for those tasked with its undertaking. As such, this paper offers new insights into an aspect of being bereaved that is currently overlooked, but in much need of improvement.

Renarrating China-Africa relations: perspectives from new Chinese immigrants in Zimbabwe

ABSTRACT Drawing on China’s rising population outflows and the theory of everyday geopolitics, this study discusses how the daily international encounters of emerging Chinese immigrants (re-)write international relations. The study was conducted through fieldwork with new Chinese immigrants in Zimbabwe and reveals two findings. First, Zimbabwean political elites have been knitting a geopolitical discourse through the well-known nationalism and patriotic histories between China and Zimbabwe constructing ‘successful and mutually beneficial’ Zimbabwe-China relations. However, this elite geopolitical discourse has been facing great challenges among ordinary people in post-2000 Zimbabwe due to the influx of Chinese immigrants. Second,the new Chinese immigrant have been becoming key players in (re-)narrating Zimbabwe-China relations for their unbalanced trade relations with locals, inappropriate behaviours, their precarities, and investment in local public services. This migrant group not only incurs a Sino-phobia sentiment in post-2000 Zimbabwe, but also contributes to the maintaining of the public opinion on the Chinese presence here, articulating a complex and diverse set of geopolitical discourse. This study provides persuasive evidence that everyday practice has a stronger role in knitting together geopolitical discourse than traditional narratives and provides insights for transnational geopolitics to examine heterogeneity, complexity, and diversity of the geopolitical players in more details.

Living in Anti‐Intellectual Times: Addressing Transgender Inclusion in Second Language Teaching and Teacher Education

AbstractAt a time of acrimonious debates globally about gender identity and expression, students who identify as transgender (including those who are nonbinary, genderqueer, and gender fluid) are particularly affected. Although erased from the curriculum, they (and the ontological challenge trans people pose to the cisheteropatriarchal gender order in general) are omnipresent in political and media discourse. This can be particularly challenging for teachers who are often unclear about the issues involved and unsure how to support these students to whom they have a duty of care. Despite decades of legislative reform across much of the world with regard to transgender rights, education sectors globally have been hesitant to include gender (and sexual) diversity in the curriculum. This article explores the complex set of reasons as to why this erasure persists in English Language Teaching. In doing so, it addresses the concepts of “reproductive futurism,” “hyper‐reactionary neoliberalism,” “postfascism,” “biological essentialism,” and the commercial logic of global edu‐business as key factors. The article concludes by considering some of the options for teaching and teacher education.