Pair Complex Research Articles

Leveraging vocabulary tree for simultaneous match pair selection and guided feature matching of UAV images

Structure from Motion (SfM) has been a golden standard technique for UAV image orientation. However, the high combinational complexity of match pairs and the high outlier ratio of initial matches become two major issues in SfM-based image orientation. This paper presents an integrated workflow to achieve simultaneously match pair selection and guided feature matching for image orientation. The core idea of the proposed algorithm is to explore the index structure of both inverted and direct indexes in the context of vocabulary tree-based image retrieval. First, the similarity scores between one query image and database images are calculated by using the word-image index structure stored in the inverted index, and match pairs are selected with a distance or ratio threshold-independent strategy. Second, by using a large vocabulary tree for descriptor quantification, guided feature matching is achieved by using the image-word index structure stored in the direct index, which restricts the searching space of nearest descriptors and achieves the direct assignment of candidate matches, instead of the nearest neighbor searching (NNS) method. Finally, integrated with an incremental SfM workflow, the performance of the proposed algorithm has been comprehensively verified through the analysis and comparison by using four UAV datasets that cover varying test sites. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves match pair selection with linear time complexity and provides refined matches with speedup ratios ranging from 156 to 228 (2 to 3) compared with the CPU (GPU)-based NNS matching method. In addition, it can achieve competitive precision in both relative bundle adjustment (BA) without ground control points (GCPs) and absolute BA with GCPs.

Photocatalytic degradation of xanthate in flotation plant tailings by TiO2/graphene nanocomposites

• TiO 2 /G photocatalytic catalyst was prepared through a hydrothermal method. • TiO 2 /G catalyst was applied for the treatment of mineral processing wastewater. • 18% TiO 2 /G showed superior photocatalytic performance than TiO 2 . This study has invented a novel composite photocatalytic material of TiO 2 /graphene (TiO 2 /G) via the hydrothermal method. The prepared TiO 2 /graphene (TiO 2 /G) composite catalysts were investigated in detail using various characterisation experiments. The characterisation experiments indicated that the TiO 2 /graphene (TiO 2 /G) nanocomposites were successfully prepared. It can be observed that the TiO 2 nanoparticles were observed uniformly distributing on the graphene oxide (GO) and the prepared TiO 2 /graphene (TiO 2 /G) nanocomposites possess huge specific surface area, small pore size, and low electron-hole pair complexation rate to degrade the pollutants. For the first time, TiO 2 /G is used as a photocatalytic material to treat mineral processing wastewater. Compared to GO and TiO 2 , under simulated light irradiation, the photodegradation efficiency of 18% TiO 2 /G samples reached 97.03% after 100 min. By successfully anchoring TiO 2 on GO, the photoresponse range of TiO 2 /G was broadened (from 200–380 nm to 200–800 nm). The activity was also further improved (after 100 min of simulated light, the photocatalytic efficiency of pure TiO 2 was only 17.88%, and the photocatalytic efficiency of 18% TiO 2 /G was 5.43 times higher than that of pure TiO 2 ). This work advances the development of a potential photo-, photoelectro-systems for the treatment of real mineral processing wastewater.

Release of CHK-2 from PPM-1.D anchorage schedules meiotic entry.

Transition from the stem/progenitor cell fate to meiosis is mediated by several redundant posttranscriptional regulatory pathways in Caenorhabditis elegans. Interfering with all three branches causes tumorous germ lines. SCFPROM-1 comprises one branch and mediates a scheduled degradation step at entry into meiosis. prom-1 mutants show defects in the timely initiation of meiotic prophase I events, resulting in high rates of embryonic lethality. Here, we identify the phosphatase PPM-1.D/Wip1 as crucial substrate for PROM-1. We report that PPM-1.D antagonizes CHK-2 kinase, a key regulator for meiotic prophase initiation, including DNA double-strand breaks, chromosome pairing, and synaptonemal complex formation. We propose that PPM-1.D controls the amount of active CHK-2 via both catalytic and noncatalytic activities; notably, noncatalytic regulation seems to be crucial at meiotic entry. PPM-1.D sequesters CHK-2 at the nuclear periphery, and programmed SCFPROM-1–mediated degradation of PPM-1.D liberates the kinase and promotes meiotic entry.

Contrast Pairs in Orchestra Instruction as a Window into the Multimodal Expression of Stance

On the background of the increased interest in the phenomenon of stance-taking (i.a. Englebretson 2007, Debras 2015) this contribution explores the notion of contrast pairs (Weeks 1996, Messner 2020) as it is instantiated in orchestra instruction during rehearsal, an inherently stance-laden activity given its focus on evaluating and improving the musicians’ collective performance. Contrast pairs are sequences of closely juxtaposed depictions (Clark 2016, or “illustrative expressions” in Weeks 1996), which serve the instructional comparison of undesired and desired (orchestral) performances. In this contribution, we report on an exploratory analysis of a corpus of approximately ten hours of video recordings of orchestra rehearsals (Schrooten & Feyaerts 2020). Through a close reading of two examples, we shed light on the sequential and multimodal complexity of contrast pairs and identify steps for further analysis. We argue that, due to their evaluative and contrastive nature, contrast pairs offer valuable grounds to contribute to the study of multimodal stance-taking in interaction.

Constructing supramolecular self-assembled porous g-C3N4 nanosheets containing thiophene-groups for excellent photocatalytic performance under visible light

Enhancing catalytic visible light capture and light utilization efficiency represent an important objective in graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) research. Herein, a novel sulfur-containing thiophene-grafted g-C3N4 porous nanosheets (CM-CN-Th A) prepared via co-thermal polycondensation of supramolecular self-assembled precursors (CM) and 3-thiophenecarboxylic acid (Th A) is reported. The introduction of thiophene groups improved the optical properties of the synthesized catalyst in the visible range, enhanced charge carrier separation, and suppressed e-/h+ pair complexation compared to pristine g-C3N4. Various analytical techniques were employed to characterize the structure, morphology, and electrical and optical features of the synthesized catalysts. In the removal of rhodamine B (Rh B) from aqueous media, CM-CN-Th A displayed favorable photocatalytic activity (rate constant k of 0.0360 min−1) under visible light illumination (λ > 420 nm), with photocatalytic removal effieciency of 89.22%, mineralization efficiency of 45.34%; this value was maintained after five cycles. The catalyst also delivers superior photocatalytic activity for methyl orange (MO), methylene blue (MB), and crystalline violet (CV) degradation, demonstrating wide applicability for dye wastewater treatment. In addition, a possible photocatalytic mechanism of CM-CN-Th A is proposed by analyzing the experimental results of active species capture. This work offers a novel approach for the photodegradation of dye wastewater.

Sterically Strained Brønsted Pair Catalysis by Bulky Pyridinium Salts: Direct Stereoselective Synthesis of 2-Deoxy and 2,6-Dideoxy-β-thioglycosides from Glycals.

A sterically strained ionic Brønsted pair complex obtained from a sterically bulky base 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylpyridine and hydrochloric acid imbues unusual reactivity to the anionic chloride. The complete shielding of the cationic [N-H]+ by the bulky ortho-tert-butyl groups weakens the possible hydrogen-bonding interactions with the chloride anion, and the [N-H]+···Cl- distance is unusually longer (3.10 Å). This results in strained/frustrated electrostatic interactions between the ion-pair, thus infusing an increased reactivity in both of the ions, which results in the activation of a third molecule like thiol via hydrogen-bonding. This intriguing weak interaction-based reactivity has been utilized to develop an organocatalytic synthesis of 2-deoxy-β-thioglycosides from glycals. While the 1H NMR studies showcase the diamagnetic activation of thiols in the presence of the catalyst, the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies reveal the generation of a radical species that suggests a possible frustrated radical pair catalysis. Besides, IR spectroscopic studies explain the intriguing influence of size/charge density of the anion on the solvation-insusceptible, cationic [TTBPyH]+ and on the observed reactivity.

KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF THE OXIDATION OF L-ASCORBIC ACID BY POTASSIUM TRISOXALATOFERRATE (III) TRIHYDRATE IN AQUEOUS HYDROCHLORIC ACID MEDIUM

The kinetics of the oxidation of K3[Fe(C2O4)3].3H2O by L-ascorbic acid has been studied in aqueous acidic medium. The stoichiometric studies showed that 1 mole of H2A was oxidized for every 2 moles of Fe(C2O4)33- reduced. Under pseudo-first order conditions of H2A >> Fe(C2O4)33-, the reaction was found to have first order dependence on each of the reactants, giving second order overall. The reaction rate was found to be directly dependent on acid concentration and increased with increase in ionic strength of reaction system. It was also evident that increase in dielectric constant of the reaction medium (D) enhanced the reaction rate and addition of CH3COO-, HCOO-, Mg2+and Li+ catalyzed the rate of the reaction. The oxidation of L-ascorbic acid by potassium trisoxalatoferrate (III) trihydrate is rationalized in terms of absence of ion pair complex formation with outer-sphere reaction pathway characteristics.

Local Structural Dynamics at the Metal-Centered Catalytic Site of Polymerases is Critical for Fidelity

The fidelity of DNA polymerases (Pols) refers to their ability to incorporate the correct nucleotide into the growing strand during DNA synthesis. Each Pol operates with a certain degree of fidelity, from high (∼10–8; ∼1 error in 108 bases) to low (∼10–1; ∼1 error in 10 bases) values. The mechanistic factors behind these differences in fidelity are poorly understood. Here, we show that the formation of the Michaelis–Menten complex is critically affected by the metal-mediated dynamics of local structural features at the catalytic center of Pols. We demonstrated this by integrating recent structural and kinetics data of high-fidelity Pol β and low-fidelity Pol η with equilibrium molecular dynamics and free-energy simulations of paired and mispaired reactant complexes of these Pols. We found that local dynamics at the reaction center determines whether the nucleophile is optimally aligned to incorporate the correct (dCTP) or incorrect (dATP) nucleotide opposite a template deoxyguanosine (dG). In Pol β, local structural distortions at the catalytic site are visible only in the dG:dATP mispair complex, which energetically disfavors incorrect nucleotide addition and thus promotes high fidelity. In contrast, in Pol η we observed a more flexible base pair shape complementarity at the catalytic site. This allows reactive configurations of matched and mismatched complexes to be formed with similar ease, thus explaining the low fidelity of Pol η in line with the experimental evidence. Comparisons with other Pols suggest that these local metal-mediated structural dynamics at the reaction center of the catalytic site are crucial to modulating Pol fidelity.

Hydrophobic ion pairing with cationic derivatives of α-, ß-, and γ-cyclodextrin as a novel approach for development of a self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) for oral delivery of heparin

To enhance the oral bioavailability of heparin, a self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) was developed using hydrophobic ion-pairing with cationic polymers of α-, ß-, and γ-cyclodextrins (CPCDs). Hydrophobic ion paired complexes were formed, and the recovery of heparin was determined in n-hexane and isopropyl myristate (IPM). The SNEDDSs were prepared and were optimized using D-optimal response surface methodology (RSM). The determination of the recovery of complexes in IPM revealed that in cationic α-cyclodextrin, the highest recovery was achieved at the heparin: CPCD weight ratio of 1:0.5. However, in cationic ß-cyclodextrin the highest recovery was obtained at the weight ratio of 1:4. Similar to CPßCD, for ealed that in c the highest recovery was obtained at 1:4 weight ratio. The size of optimized nano-droplets was found to be 127.00 ± 4.1, 184.00 ± 6.43, and 216.00 ± 5.43 nm; polydispersity index (PdI) values were reported as 0.372 ± 0.005, 0.163 ± 0.008, 0.236 ± 0.003; and calculated loading efficiency (LE%) were 84.60 ± 3.62, 91.06 ± 2.49, and 92.81 ± 0.70% for SNEDDS preparations incorporating cationic derivatives of α-, ß-, and γ-cyclodextrin, respectively. The in vitro release study revealed that SNEDDS preparations containing cationic γ-cyclodextrin posed the slowest release rate. Data achieved from cellular uptake study showed that the SNEDDS containing α-cyclodextrin had the highest cumulative uptake percentage after 6 h post-exposure; same results were obtained in the intestinal transport study demonstrating SNEDDS containing α-cyclodextrin posed the highest transport efficiency with Papp of 24.85 × 10−r ± 1.06 × 10−± cm.s −m.

Enantioselective Cooperative Catalysis within Frustrated Lewis Pair Complexes

Enantioselective Cooperative Catalysis within Frustrated Lewis Pair Complexes

Autodetachment over Broad Photon Energy Ranges in the Anion Photoelectron Spectra of [O2-M]- (M = Glyoxal, Methylglyoxal, or Biacetyl) Complex Anions.

Complexes of anion-neutral pairs are prevalent in chemical and physical processes in the interstellar medium, the atmosphere, and biological systems, among others. However, bimolecular anionic species that cannot be described as simple ion-molecule complexes due to their competitive electron affinities have received less attention. In this study, the [O2-M]- (M = glyoxal, methylglyoxal, or biacetyl) anion photoelectron spectra obtained with several different photon energies are reported and interpreted in the context of ab initio calculations. The spectra do not resemble the photoelectron spectra of M- or O2- "solvated" by a neutral partner. Rather, all spectra are dominated by near-threshold autodetachment from what are likely transient dipole bound states of the cis conformers of the complex anions. Very low Franck-Condon overlap between the neutral M·O2 van der Waals clusters and the partial covalently bound complex anions results in low-intensity, broad direct detachment observed in the spectra. The [O2-glyoxal]- spectra measured with 2.88 and 3.495 eV photon energies additionally exhibit features at ∼0.5 eV electron kinetic energy, which is more difficult to explain, though there are numerous quasibound states of the anion that may be involved. Overall, these features point to the inadequacy of describing the complex anions as simple ion-molecule complexes.

Эндопротезирование голеностопного сустава

Abstract. Introduction Total ankle replacement is definitely a tough issue for both orthopedic surgeons treating patients with ankle pathology and engineers who develop optimal implant constructs. Extreme short-time kinetic loads, complex motion biomechanics, anatomic features of the ankle result in high demands for ankle joint implants. In general, there is a positive tendency in an annual increase of the number of total ankle replacements. Alongside, a significant lagging in performing this procedure and the tendency for ankle arthrodesis has been observed in Russia. Aim To review the literature data about development and current status of total ankle replacement. To evaluate the use of modern implants for distal tibia replacement. Material and methods The given literature review includes analysis of foreign and domestic publications focused on issues of treatment of osteoarthritis of the ankle joint and tumors of the distal tibia. The information was searched for using GoogleScholar, PubMed, eLIBRARY, PubMedCentral in the Russian and English languages with the following keywords: total ankle replacement, ankle arthrodesis, ankle osteoarthritis, distal tibia replacement. Discussion Currently, there are controversies in selection of biomaterials and constructive parameters for ankle implants. Separately, there is an unsolved issue of selecting the optimal friction pair for bearing surfaces, as well as of operative technique features, such as implant fixation, surgical approach, modeling and restoration of the capsular-ligamentous complex. Conclusion Total ankle replacement is an effective alternative procedure to ankle arthrodesis and limb-sacrificing operations. To improve treatment results, optimal implant construction, fixation methods, selecting appropriate friction pair and capsular-ligamentous complex restoration should be further investigated in complex studies.

Three-dimensional echo decorrelation imaging of percutaneous microwave ablation in liver tumors

In a pilot clinical study, patients underwent standard-of-care percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) of liver tumors with monitoring by three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound echo decorrelation imaging. An MWA needle (Amica) was inserted into each tumor, guided by x-ray computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound imaging. A matrix ultrasound array (4Z1c array with Acuson SC2000 scanner, Siemens) was positioned on patients’ skin near the MWA needle insertion point. Paired sequential complex in-phase/quadrature (IQ) echo volumes (inter-frame time 5–20 ms) were acquired throughout ablation at 10–20 s intervals, then processed to form 3D echo decorrelation images. Respiratory motion was estimated and compensated using a theoretical model that separates motion- and heat-induced echo decorrelation. Volumetric B-mode images constructed from the same IQ data were rigidly registered to follow-up contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) image volumes, recorded within 4 days after MWA. Specified registration transformations were then applied to cumulative 3D echo decorrelation maps, which were compared voxel-wise to ablation zones segmented from MR images. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated effective prediction of local ablation by motion-compensated echo decorrelation imaging. Comparison with subsequent follow-up MR images tested the ability of 3D echo decorrelation imaging to predict any incomplete treatment or recurrence of treated tumors.

Lewis Superacidic Tellurenyl Cation-Induced Electrophilic Activation of an Inert Carborane.

The aryltellurenyl cation [2‐(tBuNCH)C6H4Te]+, a Lewis super acid, and the weakly coordinating carborane anion [CB11H12]−, an extremely weak Brønsted acid (pK a=131.0 in MeCN), form an isolable ion pair complex [2‐(tBuNCH)C6H4Te][CB11H12], in which the Brønsted acidity (pK a 7.4 in MeCN) of the formally hydridic B−H bonds is dramatically increased by more than 120 orders of magnitude. The electrophilic activation of B−H bonds in the carborane moiety gives rise to a proton transfer from boron to nitrogen at slightly elevated temperatures, as rationalized by the isolation of a mixture of the zwitterionic isomers 12‐ and 7‐[2‐(tBuN{H}CH)C6H4Te(CB11H11)] in ratios ranging from 62 : 38 to 80 : 20.

Determination of Favipiravir from Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by Extractive Ion Pair Complex Colorimetric Method

Simple sensitive and accurate extractive colorimetric method was developed for the estimation of favipiravir in Pharmaceutical dosage forms. The method was based on the formation of colored ion pair complexes by the drugs with thiocynate ions. These ion pair complexes were quantitatively extracted under the experimental condition in chloroform. The absorbance values were measured at 618 respectively. The proposed method was validated statistically. A recovery of method was carried out by standard addition methods. The Beer’s law ranges were found to be 1-12μg/ml, respectively. The low values of standard deviation and percentage RSD indicate high precision of method. Hence the method is useful for routine estimation of favipiravir in tablets respectively.

Tuning Magnetic Interactions Between Triphenylene Radicals by Variation of Crystal Packing in Structures with Alkali Metal Counterions.

The monoanion of triphenylene (C18H12, 1) was generated in THF using several alkali metals (Na, K, Rb, and Cs) as reducing agents and crystallized with the corresponding cations in the presence of 18-crown-6 ether. The UV-vis spectroscopy points to the metal-dependent coordination environment of the triphenylene monoanion-radicals, 1·-, in solution. The X-ray diffraction characterization confirmed the formation of a solvent-separated ion pair (SSIP) with sodium ions, [{Na+(18-crown-6)(THF)2}(1·-)] (2), and three contact-ion pair (CIP) complexes formed by larger alkali metal ions, [{K+(18-crown-6)}(1·-)] (3), [{Rb+(18-crown-6)}(1·-)] (4), and [{Cs+(18-crown-6)}(1·-)] (5). Structural analysis of the series reveals a notable geometry perturbation of the triphenylene framework in 2 caused by one-electron acquisition, which is further enhanced by direct metal binding in 3-5. This has been correlated with the aromaticity changes and charge redistribution upon one-electron reduction of 1, as revealed by the computational studies. The EPR spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility measurements confirm antiferromagnetic interactions corresponding to an S = 1/2 system in the solid state. The magnetic behavior of 3-5 correlates with the arrangement of triphenylene radicals in the crystal structures. All three compounds exhibit antiferromagnetic (AFM) interactions between S = 1/2 radicals in the solid state, but the exchange coupling in 4 and 5 is notably stronger than that in 3, which leads to AFM ordering at 3.8 K in 4 and at 2.0 K in 5. The magnetic phase transitions in 4 and 5 can be interpreted as originating from interactions between the chains of the AFM-coupled S = 1/2 radicals.

Is impaired energy production a novel insight into the pathogenesis of pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy due to biallelic variants in ALDH7A1?

Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE) is due to biallelic variants in ALDH7A1 (PDE-ALDH7A1). ALDH7A1 encodes α-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase in lysine catabolism. We investigated the gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism and energy production pathways in human PDE-ALDH7A1 and its knock-out aldh7a1 zebrafish model. We measured GABA pathway, and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites and electron transport chain activities in patients with PDE-ALDH7A1 and in knock-out aldh7a1 zebrafish. We report results of three patients with PDE-ALDH7A1: low paired complex I+II and complex II+III and individual complex IV activities in muscle biopsy in patient 1 (likely more severe phenotype); significantly elevated CSF glutamate in the GABA pathway and elevated CSF citrate, succinate, isocitrate and α-ketoglutarate in the TCA cycle in patient 3 (likely more severe phenotype); and normal CSF GABA pathway and TCA cycle metabolites on long-term pyridoxine therapy in patient 2 (likely milder phenotype). All GABA pathway metabolites (γ-hydroxybutyrate, glutamine, glutamate, total GABA, succinic semialdehyde) and TCA cycle metabolites (citrate, malate, fumarate, isocitrate, lactate) were significantly low in the homozygous knock-out aldh7a1 zebrafish compared to the wildtype zebrafish. Homozygous knock-out aldh7a1 zebrafish had decreased electron transport chain enzyme activities compared to wildtype zebrafish. We report impaired electron transport chain function, accumulation of glutamate in the central nervous system and TCA cycle dysfunction in human PDE-ALDH7A1 and abnormal GABA pathway, TCA cycle and electron transport chain in knock-out aldh7a1 zebrafish. Central nervous system glutamate toxicity and impaired energy production may play important roles in the disease neuropathogenesis and severity in human PDE-ALDH7A1.

Introduction to the Performance and Mechanism of Various Photocatalytic Materials Compounded with Carbon Dots

AbstractWith their unique optical and electronic properties, carbon dots (CDs) are showing great momentum in many fields such as biosensing, imaging, drug delivery, and photocatalysis. Due to their efficient light harvesting, extraordinary upconversion photoluminescence, and excellent photoinduced electron transfer capabilities, the combination of CDs with photocatalytic materials will promote light absorption resulting in increased generation of electron‐hole pairs and faster photogenerated electron transfer, effectively suppressing the rate of electron‐hole pair complexation and thus improving photocatalytic activity. In this paper, the mechanism of CDs photocatalysis and various photocatalytic materials such as TiO2, Bi‐based, CdS, and g‐C3N4 complexed with CDs are reviewed. It is hoped that research into CDs in the field of photocatalysis will be advanced and that CDs will be used more widely in environmental and energy applications.

A novel stop-gain mutation in ARMC2 is associated with multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella

Research questionMale infertility is a global issue worldwide and multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) is one of the most severe forms of the qualitative sperm defects with a heterogeneous genetic cause that has not been completely understood. Can whole-exome sequencing (WES) reveal novel genetic causes contributing to MMAF in a consanguineous Pakistani family, comprising three infertile brothers? DesignWES and bioinformatic analysis were conducted to screen potential pathogenic variants. The identified variant was validated by Sanger sequencing in all available family members Transmission electron microscopy analyses was carried out to examine the flagella ultrastructure of spermatozoa from patient. ResultsWES and Sanger sequencing identified a novel homozygous stop-gain mutation (ENST00000392644.4, c.182C>G, p.S61X) in ARMC2, which is expected to lead to loss of protein functions. Transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed that the flagellar ultrastructure of the patient's spermatozoa was disorganized along with a complete absence of central pair complex (CPC), suggesting that ARMC2 is involved in the assembly, stability of the axonemal complex, or both, particularly the CPC. ConclusionWe report that a familial stop-gain mutation in ARMC2 is associated with male infertility in humans caused by MMAF accompanied with loss of CPCs and axonemal disorganization. We provide genetic evidence that ARMC2 is essential for human spermatogenesis and its mutation may be pathogenic for MMAF. These findings will improve the knowledge about the genetic basis of MMAF and provide information for genetic counselling of this disease.

Simultaneous 3-Nitrophenylhydrazine Derivatization Strategy of Carbonyl, Carboxyl and Phosphoryl Submetabolome for LC-MS/MS-Based Targeted Metabolomics with Improved Sensitivity and Coverage.

Metabolomics is a powerful and essential technology for profiling metabolic phenotypes and exploring metabolic reprogramming, which enables the identification of biomarkers and provides mechanistic insights into physiology and disease. However, its applications are still limited by the technical challenges particularly in its detection sensitivity for the analysis of biological samples with limited amount, necessitating the development of highly sensitive approaches. Here, we developed a highly sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method based on a 3-nitrophenylhydrazine (3-NPH) derivatization strategy that simultaneously targets carbonyl, carboxyl, and phosphoryl groups for targeted metabolomic analysis (HSDccp-TM) in biological samples. By testing 130 endogenous metabolites including organic acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, nucleotides, carnitines, and vitamins, we showed that the derivatization strategy resulted in significantly improved detection sensitivity and chromatographic separation capability. Metabolic profiling of merely 60 oocytes and 5000 hematopoietic stem cells primarily isolated from mice demonstrated that this method enabled routine metabolomic analysis in trace amounts of biospecimens. Moreover, the derivatization strategy bypassed the tediousness of inferring the MS fragmentation patterns and simplified the complexity of monitoring ion pairs of metabolites, which greatly facilitated the metabolic flux analysis (MFA) for glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in cell cultures. In summary, the novel 3-NPH derivatization-based method with high sensitivity, good chromatographic separation, and broad coverage showed great potential in promoting metabolomics and MFA, especially in trace amounts of biospecimens.