Complex Itinerary Research Articles

KDEL Receptor Trafficking to the Plasma Membrane Is Regulated by ACBD3 and Rab4A-GTP.

KDEL receptor-1 maintains homeostasis in the early secretory pathway by capturing and retrieving ER chaperones to the ER during heavy secretory activity. Unexpectedly, a fraction of the receptor is also known to reside in the plasma membrane (PM), although it is largely unknown exactly how the KDEL receptor gets exported from the Golgi and travels to the PM. We have previously shown that a Golgi scaffolding protein (ACBD3) facilitates KDEL receptor localization at the Golgi via the regulating cargo wave-induced cAMP/PKA-dependent signaling pathway. Upon endocytosis, surface-expressed KDEL receptor undergoes highly complex itineraries through the Golgi and the endo-lysosomal compartments, where the endocytosed receptor utilizes Rab14A- and Rab11A-positive recycling endosomes and clathrin-decorated tubulovesicular carriers. In this study, we sought to investigate the mechanism through which the KDEL receptor gets exported from the Golgi en route to the PM. We report here that ACBD3 depletion results in greatly increased trafficking of KDEL receptor to the PM via Rab4A-positive tubular carriers emanating from the Golgi. Expression of constitutively activated Rab4A mutant (Q72L) increases the surface expression of KDEL receptor up to 2~3-fold, whereas Rab4A knockdown or the expression of GDP-locked Rab4A mutant (S27N) inhibits KDEL receptor targeting of the PM. Importantly, KDELR trafficking from the Golgi to the PM is independent of PKA- and Src kinase-mediated mechanisms. Taken together, these results reveal that ACBD3 and Rab4A play a key role in regulating KDEL receptor trafficking to the cell surface.

Autosociobiography: A Travelling Form

In Germanophone and Francophone literary spaces, a genre by the name of autosociobiography has recently been the subject of increased attention, with texts by Annie Ernaux, Didier Eribon, Christian Baron, Richard Hoggart and others frequently being mentioned in this regard. While individual cases, such as the French reception of Richard Hoggart, have been studied before, this essay takes a broader approach and examines English-, French- and German-language texts in order to trace the complex itinerary of autosociobiography and sketch out the history of this emerging form in the second half of the twentieth century. In addition, we explore how the emergence of autosociobiography relates to international and supranational developments such as the expansion of higher education, economic recession and the rise of Neoliberalism after the Trente Glorieuses. Autosociobiography – so runs our thesis – is an attempt to reinstall a logic of the general in a ‘society of singularities’. Finally, our essay discusses the methodological problems that will be encountered in the study of autosociobiography as a travelling genre.

ACBD3 modulates KDEL receptor interaction with PKA for its trafficking via tubulovesicular carrier

BackgroundKDEL receptor helps establish cellular equilibrium in the early secretory pathway by recycling leaked ER-chaperones to the ER during secretion of newly synthesized proteins. Studies have also shown that KDEL receptor may function as a signaling protein that orchestrates membrane flux through the secretory pathway. We have recently shown that KDEL receptor is also a cell surface receptor, which undergoes highly complex itinerary between trans-Golgi network and the plasma membranes via clathrin-mediated transport carriers. Ironically, however, it is still largely unknown how KDEL receptor is distributed to the Golgi at steady state, since its initial discovery in late 1980s.ResultsWe used a proximity-based in vivo tagging strategy to further dissect mechanisms of KDEL receptor trafficking. Our new results reveal that ACBD3 may be a key protein that regulates KDEL receptor trafficking via modulation of Arf1-dependent tubule formation. We demonstrate that ACBD3 directly interact with KDEL receptor and form a functionally distinct protein complex in ArfGAPs-independent manner. Depletion of ACBD3 results in re-localization of KDEL receptor to the ER by inducing accelerated retrograde trafficking of KDEL receptor. Importantly, this is caused by specifically altering KDEL receptor interaction with Protein Kinase A and Arf1/ArfGAP1, eventually leading to increased Arf1-GTP-dependent tubular carrier formation at the Golgi.ConclusionsThese results suggest that ACBD3 may function as a negative regulator of PKA activity on KDEL receptor, thereby restricting its retrograde trafficking in the absence of KDEL ligand binding. Since ACBD3 was originally identified as PAP7, a PBR/PKA-interacting protein at the Golgi/mitochondria, we propose that Golgi-localization of KDEL receptor is likely to be controlled by its interaction with ACBD3/PKA complex at steady state, providing a novel insight for establishment of cellular homeostasis in the early secretory pathway.

Lo spazio, lo sguardo, la voce Intertestualità e intermedialità nel Peristephanon 9 di Prudenzio

A good example of literature’s power to continuously rewrite geographic space by renewing inherited paradigms could be found in Prudentius’ Peristephanon, which provides a sort of re-mapping of the Western landscape in a martyrial perspective. My paper focuses in particular on the narration of Cassian’s martyrdom, providing a new in-depth analysis of Peristephanon IX. Firstly, the poet claims possession of the martyr’s place, Forum Cornelii, by dismissing its pagan past; then, in the ekphrasis of the fresco depicting the martyr, he enacts a complex itinerary of the gaze and elaborates a complex retractatio of the description of Juno’s temple of Verg. Aen. 1.446-465; finally, the introduction of a second-degree narrator provides an authoritative interpretation of the image, leading to appropriate devotion to the saint. The poem, thus, provides both an interesting example of integrated intermediality, and a reflection on the hermeneutical risks of unmediated viewing in a Christian scopic regime.

The intracellular seven amino acid motif EEGEVFL is required for matriptase vesicle sorting and translocation to the basolateral plasma membrane.

Matriptase plays important roles in epithelial integrity and function, which depend on its sorting to the basolateral surface of cells, where matriptase zymogen is converted to an active enzyme in order to act on its substrates. After activation, matriptase undergoes HAI-1-mediated inhibition, internalization, transcytosis, and secretion from the apical surface into the lumen. Matriptase is a mosaic protein with several distinct protein domains and motifs, which are a reflection of matriptase's complex cellular itinerary, life cycle, and the tight control of its enzymatic activity. While the molecular determinants for various matriptase regulatory events have been identified, the motif(s) required for translocation of human matriptase to the basolateral plasma membrane is unknown. The motif previously identified in rat matriptase is not conserved between the rodent and the primate. We, here, revisit the question for human matriptase through the use of a fusion protein containing a green fluorescent protein linked to the matriptase N-terminal fragment ending at Gly-149. A conserved seven amino acid motif EEGEVFL, which is similar to the monoleucine C-terminal to an acidic cluster motif involved in the basolateral targeting for some growth factors, has been shown to be required for matriptase translocation to the basolateral plasma membrane of polarized MDCK cells. Furthermore, time-lapse video microscopy showed that the motif appears to be required for entry into the correct transport vesicles, by which matriptase can undergo rapid trafficking and translocate to the plasma membrane. Our study reveals that the EEGEVFL motif is necessary, but may not be sufficient, for matriptase basolateral membrane targeting and serves as the basis for further research on its pathophysiological roles.

Global Scientific Practice in an Age of Revolutions, 1750–1850 ed. by Patrick Manning and Daniel Rood

theme of compromise in the face of need provides one way to look at German practice as a whole. However, with Kuss, as with discussion of the response to the Resistance during World War Two, so with Stoltzfus, it is necessary to consider the ideology at play and the extent to which there was a brutal and overriding determination to ensure control and remould society. In each case, this is apparent. Being exposed to a policy of tactical expedience was not probably the first thought of those being slaughtered or tortured. JEREMY BLACK University of Exeter Global Scientific Practice in an Age of Revolutions, 1750–1850. Edited by PATRICK MANNING and DANIEL ROOD. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2016. xii + 401 pp. $49.95 (hardcover). The past several decades witnessed a “global turn” in the field of history of science. The master narrative centering on the rise of modern science within Western Europe and its subsequent diffusion around the world is being increasingly effaced as more scholars joined in the search for a polycentric, inclusive framework for studying the “global histories” of science.1 The volume under review is a timely and welcome intervention in this rapidly growing discourse. Global Scientific Practice in an Age of Revolutions, published by the World History Center at the University of Pittsburgh as the inaugural volume in a planned series dedicated to starting a conversation between historians of science and scholars working in world/global/transnational history, invites all to contemplate seriously the possibility of a “world history of science.” The essays collected here were first presented in 2012 at the conference convened by the center titled “Linnaean Worlds: Global Scientific Practice during the Great Divergence.” The temporal focus, 1750 to 1850, is chosen because of the profound worldwide transformations taking place during this time in the realms of economy, 1 For some methodological explorations in this regard, see Lissa Roberts, “Situating Science in Global History: Local Exchanges and Networks of Circulation,” Itinerario 33 (2009): 9–30; the essays in Sujit Sivasundaram, et al., “Global Histories of Science,” Special Section of Isis 101 (2010): 95–158; and Fa-ti Fan, “The Global Turn in the History of Science,” East Asian Science, Technology and Society: An International Journal 6, no. 2 (2012): 249–258. 256 JOURNAL OF WORLD HISTORY, JUNE 2019 society, politics, and culture. Particularly, this period witnessed the “Great Divergence” in economic life between Europe and China that was observed by Pomeranz and others, at the same time when what came to be known as “modern science” gradually crystalized. The bulk of this science, the thematic focus of these essays, consisted of the bioand field sciences that take the earth, natural species, humans, and their immediate environs as their subjects. The diffusionist narrative about this science spotlights the works of great European minds such as Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778), French naturalist Georges-Louis Leclerc (Comte de Buffon, 1707–1788), and German naturalist and explorer Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859). In contrast, contributors to this volume, through their richly documented case studies and bold yet judiciously enunciated syntheses, deconstruct that neat and heroic narrative by highlighting the multifarious origins of modern science in and outside Europe, its complex itineraries, its spontaneous, fragmentary, mobile, and incongruous nature, and its deep embedment in networks of power of varying scopes crisscrossing the (early) modern world. The book consists of five parts, preceded by an insightful introduction by Patrick Manning. Part I explores the dynamics of knowledge exchange in the Americas between Europeans and other local inhabitants. Matthew James Crawford’s study of the Spanish Crown’s failure in maintaining a royal reserve of quina (with the active ingredient quinine) in the Viceroyalty of New Granada in the 1790s reveals how the power of the empire was circumscribed by the way of knowing of their distant colonial subjects. Eleonora Rohland tells how early French settlers in Louisiana and other Europeans in North America struggled to comprehend the formation and patterns of hurricanes, and how the knowledge they gained through exchanges with Amerindians, inhabitants in the Caribbean, and Atlantic sailors helped them launch a meteorological discourse and eventually a largescale knowledge infrastructure for hurricane prediction spanning North...

Mapping the Transnational in Contemporary Native American Fiction: Silko and Welch

Author(s): Merish, Lori | Abstract: Revisiting the terrain of the 2012 JTAS Special Forum, “Charting Transnational Native American Studies,” this essay argues both that the transnational is a valuable, productive lens for understanding Native American literature, and that a consideration of Native American texts is indispensable to the “transnational turn” in Americanist literary scholarship. The essay argues that Native American literary texts engage the transnational in three ways: affirming “America” as transnational cultural space from its inception by staging ways Native cultures “dis-identif[y] with the nation”; affirming the transnational complexity of Native cultures; and registering Pan-Indian and indigenous transnationalisms vitally alive in the present. The essay advances these claims through readings of two recent historical novels by major Native American authors: Leslie Marmon Silko’s Gardens of the Dunes (2000), and James Welch’s The Heartsong of Charging Elk (2001). Both novels are set in the late nineteenth century, a critical period in Native American history, especially in the American West; and both novels map complex itineraries for Native American characters who travel abroad, scripting transnationalism in diasporic terms. The essay argues that Silko’s novel portrays transnational encounter as global transindigeneity, casting the transnational as a vehicle to awaken and activate feminist and especially ecofeminist transindigenous solidarities, while Welch employs the form of the transnational bildungsroman to make visible tribal processes of cultural adaptation and transnational dimensions of tribal cultures at “home.”

ElCancionerode Dulcinea en elQuijoteo la creación coral de un metapersonaje en evoluciónDulcinea'sCancioneroinQuijoteor the Choral Creation of An Evolving Metacharacter

AbstractDulcinea as a lady imagined by Don Quixote is the starting point of the extremely complex itinerary of this protean, contradictory and plural metacharacter in whose creation a series of characters participate as they invent, imagine, evoke and re-create her. In addition, the character is fashioned on another metafictional level, that of intercalated or cited poetry and of paratextual poetic compositions referring to Dulcinea. This heterogeneous corpus of poems, varied in tone and genre, dispersed in both parts of the novel, constitutes what I have called “El cancionero de Dulcinea.” This poetic collection is indeed a literary technique instrumental in the character's design.

Flexible Coordination of Stationary and Mobile Conversations with Gaze: Resource Allocation among Multiple Joint Activities.

Gaze is instrumental in coordinating face-to-face social interactions. But little is known about gaze use when social interactions co-occur with other joint activities. We investigated the case of walking while talking. We assessed how gaze gets allocated among various targets in mobile conversations, whether allocation of gaze to other targets affects conversational coordination, and whether reduced availability of gaze for conversational coordination affects conversational performance and content. In an experimental study, pairs were videotaped in four conditions of mobility (standing still, talking while walking along a straight-line itinerary, talking while walking along a complex itinerary, or walking along a complex itinerary with no conversational task). Gaze to partners was substantially reduced in mobile conversations, but gaze was still used to coordinate conversation via displays of mutual orientation, and conversational performance and content was not different between stationary and mobile conditions. Results expand the phenomena of multitasking to joint activities.

Out of Place: Abandoned Children in Predicaments amid Alterations

<p>The major argument of this article is that amid the rhetoric of inclusion of caste/ethnic/regional groups in the national mainstream, street children known as vagrant kids are the victims of exclusion. In a new situation on the streets, Vagrant kids are the vagabond. However, abandoning the home and adjusting to the streets is a multifarious process. The forming of the vagrant kids is a complex itinerary actions embedded with the age, sex, and ethnicities/caste, place of origin, family economy, family roles and responsibilities. Among the multiple factors, family dysfunctions and company with street boys are the raison d'être for the emergence of street children culture. In a transformed situation on street, kids’ lives have a momentous relationship to the street as a space and a new sub-culture in a new situation. In a rupture from works, which considers vagrant kids a hindrance to progressive social change, this study squabble that forming of vagrant kids is society ingrained and hence endorses role of community in bringing transference, meaningful development in the status of vagrant kids through an affirmative change in the behavior of the people and the government.</p><p>Economic Literature Vol.12 2014: 26-38</p>

Detrital zircon age distribution from Devonian and Carboniferous sandstone in the Southern Variscan Fold-and-Thrust belt (Montagne Noire, French Massif Central), and their bearings on the Variscan belt evolution

In the Southern French Massif Central, the Late Paleozoic sedimentary sequences of the Montagne Noire area provide clues to decipher the successive tectonic events that occurred during the evolution of the Variscan belt. Previous sedimentological studies already demonstrated that the siliciclastic deposits were supplied from the northern part of the Massif Central. In this study, detrital zircon provenance analysis has been investigated in Early Devonian (Lochkovian) conglomerate and sandstone, and in Carboniferous (Visean to Early Serpukhovian) sandstone from the recumbent folds and the foreland basin of the Variscan Southern Massif Central in Montagne Noire. The zircon grains from all of the samples yielded U–Pb age spectra ranging from Neoarchean to Late Paleozoic with several age population peaks at 2700Ma, 2000Ma, 980Ma, 750Ma, 620Ma, 590Ma, 560Ma, 480Ma, 450Ma, and 350Ma. The dominant age populations concentrate on the Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic. The dominant concordant detrital zircon age populations in the Lochkovian samples, the 480–445Ma with a statistical peak around 450Ma, are interpreted as reflecting the rifting event that separated several continental stripes, such as Armorica, Mid-German Crystalline Rise, and Avalonia from the northern part of Gondwana. However, Ediacaran and Cambrian secondary peaks are also observed. The detrital zircons with ages at 352−340Ma, with a statistical peak around 350Ma, came from the Early Carboniferous volcanic and plutonic rocks similar to those exposed in the NE part of the French Massif Central. Moreover, some Precambrian grains recorded a more complex itinerary and may have experienced a multi-recycling history: the Archean and Proterozoic grains have been firstly deposited in Cambrian or Ordovician terrigenous rocks, and secondly re-sedimented in Devonian and/or Carboniferous formations. Another possibility is that ancient grains would be inherited grains, scavenged from an underlying but not exposed Precambrian basement.

En torno al cardenal Don Gil Álvarez de Albornoz y el platero sienés Andrea Petrucci: el relicario de la mano de Santa Lucía y el cáliz de San Segundo

This article deals with the complex and hitherto unpublished history of the arrival in Spain of two masterpieces of Sienese craftsmanship in silver and translucent enamel from the fourteenth century: the reliquary of the hand of St. Lucy in Toledo Cathedral and the San Segundo chalice in Avila Cathedral. The import of these important liturgical and devotional pieces, both signed by the Sienese goldsmith Andrea Petrucci, is inextricably linked with the Italian sojourn of cardinal don Gil de Albornoz, archbishop of Toledo and later cardinal of San Clemente and Sabina, and papal legate. The patronage exercised by the Castilian cardinal and his circle in Italy accounts for the commission and acquisition of these pieces, whose complex itineraries would eventually conclude in Toledo and Avila.

Freer Unions, More Complex Itineraries? Male Premarital Life In Rural Mali

With the increase in female age at marriage and the relaxing of family controls over couple formation, the conditions of entry into union and transition to adulthood are undergoing radical transformation in sub-Saharan Africa. Is this nuptiality transition also leading to greater complexity and diversity of union formation trajectories? We examine this hypothesis by studying long-term trends in male first marriage and premarital life in a rural population of Mali. The data are drawn from a population surveillance project that has been running for 25 years and which provides unique biographical data on premarital dynamics thanks to the detailed recording of all matrimonial procedures, whether or not they actually culminate in marriage. Two main findings qualify the initial hypothesis. First, the fragility and complexity of matrimonial processes is by no means recent; these are habitual and traditional characteristics of the matrimonial institution. Second, the general trend is towards a simplification and a standardization of male union formation trajectories. In the light of these findings, it would be useful to examine the characteristics of preconjugal dynamics and their evolution in other contexts. These dynamics, not covered in major surveys, provide valuable new insight into youth, marriage and the transition to adulthood.

Laboring and Hanging Out in the Embodied In‐Between

In this essay I describe how my involvement in the political struggles of an immigrant domestic workers' collective inspired me to hang out not only with the workers, but also with the writings of María Lugones and Hannah Arendt. The essay invites the reader to engage in a playful rereading of Arendt's notion of the worldlessness of laboring in the private realm by putting her into dialogue with Lugones's notion of the hangout that defies the public–private split Arendt adamantly insists on in all her writings. By following the complex physical, mental, and emotional itineraries of immigrant domestic workers to, from, and in‐between a number of places and spaces, I demonstrate how their stories blur the line between public and private, and therefore also between the unfreedom of the body and the presumed escape into the political public. I describe the women's experiences as the living promise of a world that allows for an embodied fluid movement between labor, work, and the freedom “inherent in action” (Arendt 193, 153).

The traveller with a complex itinerary

A detailed risk assessment is essential to giving good travel health advice. Margaret Umeed works step-by-step through a risk assessment process

The traveller with a complex itinerary

A detailed risk assessment is essential to giving good travel health advice. Margaret Umeed works step by step through a risk assessment process, reviewing the complex itinerary of Mr D

The Capable Human Being and the Role of Language in Paul Ricoeur’s Hermeneutical Philosophical Anthropology

Enhancing further the Socratic dictum, Paul Ricoeur maintains that an examined life is a life recounted—a principle that interprets the human being with a detour to the text, narrative, work of art, and discourse. Ricoeur believes that any philosophical understanding of the self presupposes a text. Ricoeur's notion of the capable human being, therefore, precisely took shape from this hermeneutical approach to philosophical This paper aims to inquire into the complex itinerary of Ricoeurean hermeneutical- philosophical anthropology. By hermeneutical-philosophical anthropology, we come to a full understanding of the philosophy of the human person by a textual or discursive interpretation (hermeneutics). The affirmation of the human person is reliant on how he understands himself through the works of literature and acts of language. Further, this paper attempts to elucidate Ricoeur's emphasis on the important role of the self, specifically the personalities of those who participate both in written literature and acts of verbal language, e.g., the author, the reader, the speaker, human reference, etc.

Across One Sixth of the World: Dziga Vertov, Travel Cinema, and Soviet Patriotism

The films of Dziga Vertov display a persistent fascination with travel. Movement across vast spaces is perhaps the most recurrent motif in his oeuvre, and the cine-race [kino-probeg] a genre developed by Vertov's group of filmmakers, the Kinoks l stands as an encompassing metaphor for Vertov's own work. His cinematographic journeys transported viewers to the most remote as well as to the most advanced sites of the Soviet universe, creating a heterogeneous cine-world stretching from the desert to the icy tundra and featuring customs, costumes, and cultural practices unfamiliar to most of his audience. Vertov's personal travelogue began when he moved from his native Bialystok2 in the ex-Pale of Settlement to Petrograd and later to Moscow, from where, having embarked on a career in filmmaking, he proceeded to the numerous sites of the Civil War. Recalling his first steps in cinema, Vertov described a complex itinerary that included Rostov, Chuguev, the Lugansk suburbs, and even the Astrakhan steppes.3 In the early 1920s, when the film distribution network was severely restricted by the Civil War and uneven nationalization, traveling and filmmaking were inseparable. Along with other filmmakers, he used an improvised

Towards a disequilibrium theory of structural dynamics: Goodwin's contribution

In this paper, we reconstruct the complex itinerary towards the solution of a conceptual and mathematical problem, how to obtain growth and fluctuations in a framework where structural change is an endogenous, though intermittent, phenomenon and irregularity a natural dynamic property. This has been Goodwin's life-long research program, driven by the effort of marrying Poincaré's qualitative approach to dynamical systems with the earliest (and some of the later) attempts to formalise economic structure as a set of interacting economic units, i.e. the cells of the modern cellular dynamics. This eventually led him to computational dynamics. Our interpretation integrates the more conventional one that emphasises conceptual connections with the thoughts of Marx, Schumpeter and Keynes. Focussing upon modelling issues of an apparently pure technical nature permits a comparison of Goodwin's evolving views with those that have emerged more recently in dynamics, e.g. in the real business cycle and endogenous theories of growth. In a brief assessment towards the end of the paper, it is argued that while there is still much to be done along the path he chose, Goodwin left enough indications for us to know in which direction to go.

Insulin stimulation of GLUT4 exocytosis, but not its inhibition of endocytosis, is dependent on RabGAP AS160.

Insulin maintains whole body blood glucose homeostasis, in part, by regulating the amount of the GLUT4 glucose transporter on the cell surface of fat and muscle cells. Insulin induces the redistribution of GLUT4 from intracellular compartments to the plasma membrane, by stimulating a large increase in exocytosis and a smaller inhibition of endocytosis. A considerable amount is known about the molecular events of insulin signaling and the complex itinerary of GLUT4 trafficking, but less is known about how insulin signaling is transmitted to GLUT4 trafficking. Here, we show that the AS160 RabGAP, a substrate of Akt, is required for insulin stimulation of GLUT4 exocytosis. A dominant-inhibitory mutant of AS160 blocks insulin stimulation of exocytosis at a step before the fusion of GLUT4-containing vesicles with the plasma membrane. This mutant, however, does not block insulin-induced inhibition of GLUT4 endocytosis. These data support a model in which insulin signaling to the exocytosis machinery (AS160 dependent) is distinct from its signaling to the internalization machinery (AS160 independent).