Complete Story Research Articles

Epistemic injustice and the “Nature of Science”

AbstractScientists and science educators have argued that learners (students, preservice teachers, and inservice teachers) should understand knowledge construction in science, in addition to figuring out disciplinary core ideas. Given this goal, some science education scholars created a construct called the “Nature of Science” (NOS), which aims to simplify the complex work of scientific knowledge production for learners. Since the 1980s, the NOS construct has shaped national and international science education reforms with the goal of creating a more scientifically literate populace. In this article, we name and question assumptions built into the NOS construct using the philosophical perspective of epistemic injustice. Using specific lenses of contributory injustice and testimonial injustice, we analyzed the 97 most‐cited peer‐reviewed NOS journal articles to examine which scholars are selected to create the NOS construct. We also examined how researchers using NOS position learners in relation to the construct. We found that White men are primarily named by NOS scholars to inform the construct. We also found that NOS research often positions learners from a deficit perspective compared to the construct. We conclude by discussing the potential injustices perpetuated by the NOS construct, and offer a vision for a more complete story of science in sites of learning.

Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO2 to Formic Acid: A Journey from 3d-Transition Metal-Based Molecular Catalyst Design to Electrolyzer Assembly.

ConspectusElectrochemical CO2 reduction to obtain formate or formic acid is receiving significant attention as a method to combat the global warming crisis. Significant efforts have been devoted to the advancement of CO2 reduction techniques over the past few decades. This Account provides a unified discussion on various electrochemical methodologies for CO2 to formate conversion, with a particular focus on recent advancements in utilizing 3d-transition-metal-based molecular catalysts. This Account primarily focuses on understanding molecular functions and mechanisms under homogeneous conditions, which is essential for assessing the optimized reaction conditions for molecular catalysts. The unique architectural features of the formate dehydrogenase (FDH) enzyme provide insight into the key role of the surrounding protein scaffold in modulating the active site dynamics for stabilizing the key metal-bound CO2 intermediate. Additionally, the protein moiety also triggers a facile proton relay around the active site to drive electrocatalytic CO2 reduction forward. The fine-tuning of FDH machinery also ensures that the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction leads to the production of formic acid as the major yield without any other carbonaceous products, while limiting the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction. These lessons from the enzymes are key in designing biomimetic molecular catalysts, primarily based on multidentate ligand scaffolds containing peripheral proton relays. The subtle modifications of the ligand framework ensure the favored production of formic acid following electrocatalytic CO2 reduction in the solution phase. Next, the molecular catalysts are required to be mounted on robust electroactive surfaces to develop their corresponding heterogeneous versions. The surface-immobilization provides an edge to the molecular electrocatalysts as their reactivity can be scaled up with improved durability for long-term electrocatalysis. Despite challenges in developing high-performance, selective catalysts for the CO2 to formic acid transformation, significant progress is being made with the tactical use of graphene and carbon nanotube-based materials. To date, the majority of the research activity stops here, as the development of an operational CO2 to formic acid converting electrolyzer prototype still remains in its infancy. To elaborate on the potential future steps, this Account covers the design, scaling parameters, and existing challenges of assembling large-scale electrolyzers. A short glimpse at the utilization of electrolyzers for industrial-scale CO2 reduction is also provided here. The proper evaluation of the surface-immobilized electrocatalysts assembled in an electrolyzer is a key step for gauging their potential for practical viability. Here, the key electrochemical parameters and their expected values for industrial-scale electrolyzers have been discussed. Finally, the techno-economic aspects of the electrolyzer setup are summarized, completing the journey from tactical design of molecular catalysts to their appropriate application in a commercially viable electrolyzer setup for CO2 to formate electroreduction. Thus, this Account portrays the complete story of the evolution of a molecular catalyst to its sustainable application in CO2 utilization.

Multidimensional data visualization and synchronization for revealing hidden pandemic information

Visualization is integral to uncovering hidden information in data and providing users with intuitive feedback for decision-making. Data visualization is crucial for transforming complex data into actionable insights across various domains. In recent years, coronavirus disease vaccines have become increasingly available to much of the population. However, the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) often fails to consider multidimensional coronavirus pandemic data from a side-by-side perspective, limiting the ability of medical professionals and individuals to compare and interact with comprehensive data visualizations. Effectively displaying coronavirus and vaccination data collected from multiple sources is essential for interpreting pandemic transmission patterns and vaccine efficiency. This paper presents a new platform for innovative data visualizations that offers users intuitive feedback and a complete data story. We designed algorithms to seamlessly combine multiple parameters, synchronize attributes, and dynamically visualize data over time on a single webpage. Instead of integrating all attributes into a single plot, which can be overwhelming due to space limitations and make it difficult to extract crucial information from overcrowded display components, we developed algorithms to classify, enhance, and group all parameters based on their relationships and similarities. Furthermore, a side-by-side visualization method was created to dynamically link all parameters in multiple images for data exploration, trend comparison, hidden information detection, and correspondence analysis. Our platform provides real-time performance, enabling healthcare professionals to make informed decisions, communicate findings effectively, and uncover patterns that might not be apparent in raw data. The proposed multidimensional data visualization algorithms have broad applications in general data exploration and revealing hidden information.

Electrical specifications, power adequacy, and the premature end of US rail freight electrification

This paper contends that the long-term success of freight rail electrification in the United States was largely curtailed by the initial choices of electrification specifications and power adequacy made by the railroads. The few histories of this early 20th century foray into fully electric traction for freight have overlooked the role of technology as a limiting factor for the longevity of these installations. This research finds that the choice of current, voltage, and other technical characteristics affected the performance – and hence the useful life – of early 20th century electrifications. This paper elucidates these connections to present a more complete story of rail freight electrification in the United States. This enhanced understanding remains relevant to railroads today, which like all forms of transportation, are navigating novel technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Value Added Tax on Financial Services in the EU: The Complete Story

The paper provides an extensive overview of the VAT exemption of financial services in the EU. The topic is surrounded by conceptual and practical challenges. The main issues are presented in a retrospective plan. They have been clearly defined and discussed since the very inception of the EU VAT system. The difficulties this tax regime is faced with today reveal the logical sequence that can be traced as far back as the 1970s. In its first part, the paper looks at the topic from a historical perspective, exploring the inclusion of financial services within the scope of the first VAT rules. Further insight is subsequently provided on the application of the VAT exemption over the past decades until the present-day rules. At its core, the text relies mostly upon the CJEU case law. Capital issues for VAT fiscal neutrality are also given careful consideration. This is the major concern inspiring the Commission’s attempts and proposals for VAT reforms. After a concise examination of the efforts to revise the legislation, the paper focuses on the most recent developments in the financial industry, which is a major stakeholder concerned by the recent aspirations of Brussels.

TOLKAPPIA MEIPADUGAL IN KANNADASAN'S YESU KAVIYAM

The Jesus epic composed by the poet Kannadasan is considered one of the most significant texts in the epic genre of the ancient Tamil language. This book is an epic that is written in a manner that is accessible and comprehensible to individuals of all social strata. The poet has composed a poetic rendition of Jesus' complete life story. This research aims to explore the performance of songs as dance with the support of the meipadugal in Tolkappiyam, the first grammar book of the Tamil language. This research was conducted to assist dancers in enhancing their performance of a certain dance by emphasizing the background and character of the song.

Seven Practical Recommendations for Designing and Conducting Qualitative Research in Medical Education.

Qualitative research seeks to provide context, nuance, and depth of understanding in regard to systems, behaviors, and/or lived experiences. As such, it plays a key role in many areas of medical education. Composed of myriad methods and methodologies, each of which may be valuable for some areas of inquiry but less so for others, qualitative research can be challenging to design, conduct, and report. This challenge can be conceptualized as ensuring that the study design, conduct, and reporting are "fit for purpose," following directly from a well-formulated research question. In this Perspective, we share seven important and practical recommendations to enhance the design and conduct of high-quality qualitative research in medical education: 1) craft a strong research question, 2) link the study design to this question, 3) assemble a team with diverse expertise, 4) prioritize information power when selecting recruitment and sampling strategies, 5) collect data carefully, 6) rigorously analyze data, and 7) disseminate results that tell a complete story.

MucR protein: Three decades of studies have led to the identification of a new H-NS-like protein.

MucR belongs to a large protein family whose members regulate the expression of virulence and symbiosis genes in α-proteobacteria species. This protein and its homologs were initially studied as classical transcriptional regulators mostly involved in repression of target genes by binding their promoters. Very recent studies have led to the classification of MucR as a new type of Histone-like Nucleoid Structuring (H-NS) protein. Thus this review is an effort to put together a complete and unifying story demonstrating how genetic and biochemical findings on MucR suggested that this protein is not a classical transcriptional regulator, but functions as a novel type of H-NS-like protein, which binds AT-rich regions of genomic DNA and regulates gene expression.

APPLICATION OF ROLE-PLAYING METHOD TO OVERCOME STUDENTS' LEARNING DIFFICULTIES IN LEARNING MATH STORY PROBLEMS IN SANGUWATANG 1 STATE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL KARANGJAMBU SUBDISTRICT

The background is the evaluation results of Class V students at SD Negeri 1 Sanguwatang where, from the composition of the questions tested, in general the students were not capable and still found it difficult to complete story questions. From the results of observations of students' answer sheets, it appears that there are several reasons why students have difficulty solving mathematics story problems, such as: the ability to interpret the language of the questions is still lacking, students cannot determine what is known and what is being asked and students' ability to determine the mathematical model to be used. in solving problems. Therefore, the role-playing method is applied in the learning process. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of applying the role-playing method in improving student learning outcomes, especially in mathematics story problems. With role-playing, it is hoped that students will be able to realistically describe abstract things in the story. The research procedure was carried out in three cycles: planning, implementation, observation and reflection stages. Data collection techniques use qualitative (attitudes) and quantitative (values) data. Data analysis was carried out using comparative descriptive analysis, namely comparing the values ​​of students' initial conditions, first cycle, second cycle and third cycle. Based on the actions taken, it can be concluded that the role-playing method can improve mathematics learning outcomes in story problems at SD Negeri 1 Sanguwatang. The results of observations on student activities turned out to have good relevance to support improved learning outcomes. The average test results for learning mathematics story problems through role - playing were 60.16 in the initial condition, 64.36 in the first cycle, 68.6 in the second cycle and 79.56 in the third cycle. For the level of learning completeness with a completeness limit of 65, the initial condition is 40%, the first cycle is 56%, the second cycle is 76%, and the third cycle is 92%.

Naphthoic Acid Derivatives@Boric Acid Based Fast Photo‐Activated Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence Materials with Dynamic Changed Emission Color

AbstractPhotoactivated dynamic ultralong room‐temperature phosphorescent (PAD‐URTP) materials with changing emission colors are attractive and meaningful but are rarely reported. Herein, a one‐pot heat treatment strategy for embedding 1‐hydroxy‐2‐naphthoic acid (1H2NA) and 2‐hydroxy‐1‐naphthoic acid (2H1NA) into boric acid (BA) matrix (named 1H2NA@BA and 2H1NA@BA) to construct PAD‐URTP materials is developed, which exhibits rapid and reversible photoactivated phosphorescence, as well as photo‐stimulated dynamic change of luminescence color. The luminescent color of 1H2NA@BA could continuously change from blue‐purple to bright cyan‐white upon prolonged 365 nm UV light irradiation, which is attributed to the combined effect of static blue fluorescence and dynamic photoactivated green phosphorescence. Significantly, it could emit over 10 s green afterglow after switching off the UV irradiation. The combination of experiment and theoretical calculation results reveal that their PAD‐URTP behavior is attributed to the energy accumulation of triplet states under UV light irradiation. Finally, a series of information encryption and a complete story of “a mouse and cake” are successfully fabricated by using 1H2NA@BA with other luminescence materials. Thus, this study demonstrates fast PAD‐URTP materials with dynamic color‐changing luminescence and opens up new possibilities as the photo‐responsive luminescent material for further mechanistic understanding and future application.

Barometric geolocators can reveal unprecedented details about the migratory ecology of small birds

Abstract Knowing the location of migratory birds throughout their annual cycle is fundamental for many questions in ornithology. Technological advances have provided several approaches, with increasing miniaturization allowing deployment on smaller and smaller birds. Here, we examine the strengths and limitations of barometric pressure geolocators (pressure tags), which have recently been shown to be extremely effective in tracking small birds (<25 g). The newly developed geolocation by pressure workflow (GeoPressureR) uses a global weather analysis dataset and hidden Markov movement model to reveal locations more accurately or continuously than can be achieved by other available light-weight devices (e.g., light-level geolocators, automated radio telemetry, and archival GPS tags). Additionally, pressure data can provide altitude information and document generally intractable flight behavior, as well as exact migratory phenologies. This new technology can be applied to important unresolved problems such as altitudinal migration, stopover site use, molt migration, vertical airspace use, and drivers of migratory flight initiation, duration, and direction. We provide an example of a pressure tag on a Swainson’s Warbler (Limnothlypis swainsonii) deployed on its breeding territory in Virginia, USA, revealing the complete story of its migration to and from Cuba, including its refined wintering site, stopover sites, and migration routes, all with precise timing. Studies relying on pressure tags are still subject to biases related to recovery of the devices for data extraction, and application to birds that exhibit extensive aerial movements (e.g., swallows and swifts) remains challenging. Widespread deployment of pressure tags could show unprecedented details of bird migration and other aspects of aerial behavior, which could benefit conservation and greatly enrich our understanding of avian movement ecology.

Seeking Integration from Fragmentation: Analysis of Collage Strategy in A Visit from the Goon Squad

Jennifer Egan’s A Visit from the Goon Squad won the 2011 Pulitzer Prize for fiction, which was one of the most innovative experimental novels in contemporary American literature. The book is full of fragmentation and disorder, which needs readers to collage out the integrity of the whole story. This paper attempts to analyze how the technique “collage” constructs a complete story in the end, showing slices of different time periods occurring between the late 1970s and the 2020s.

Sylvia Plath’s Poetry in Multiple Versions: A Case Study of UK School Anthologies

The history of poetry anthologies created for use in compulsory nation-state education is largely untold. As material objects, school anthologies tend to be regarded as low status and ephemeral. Yet these objects have a lasting impact, as they facilitate encounters that are formative in shaping public understanding of poetry. This paper illustrates how two poems that are commonly featured in school poetry anthologies, Sylvia Plath’s “You’re” and “Morning Song,” encode a historical rationale for their material form in their bibliographic practices. It shows how “You’re” and “Morning Song” became “enregistered” (Agha 190) as acceptable tokens for the discussion of motherhood and domestic relationships by school-based adolescent readers with different social valuings of poetry and different levels of literacy. The case study of these two poems illuminates how poems in their multiple versions become established within a long-lasting and pervasive pedagogical canon of poetry. As such, the multiple pedagogical versions of poems have a value in constructing a complete story of the everyday “afterlife” of a poet’s work.

Possible Relevance between Evolution of Human Bones and Behaviors

Throughout the course of human evolutionary history, a distinct species diverged from early primate ancestors, which belongs to the apes clade. Humans have undergone remarkable morphological transformations that enabled them to successfully adapt to their surroundings, resulting in enhanced fitness and positioning them as the predominant species on Earth. This research centers on the progression of human evolution by presenting diverse sections of the evolutionary progression: spanning from quadrupedalism to bipedalism, from basic behaviors to advanced capabilities, and the corresponding adaptations that accompanied these behavioral shifts. Considering the synthesizing insights from various perspectives, the evolution of humans appears an exceptionally fortunate phenomenon. The primary purpose of this paper is establishing a focal point for future investigations on human evolution. Nevertheless, fractional and scattered fossil records and interpretation of behavior are the two major difficulties when studying human evolution. Many transitional forms of bones, for example, may never be fossilized, and those that have been preserved are often found in small, isolated fragments, making it challenging to reconstruct the complete story of human evolutionary history. Moreover, behavior does not fossilize, so researchers must rely on indirect evidence such as tool use, symbolic artifacts, and morphological features to study the human evolution of behaviors.

Analisis Struktural dan Nilai Moral dalam Cerpen “Rembulan Di Mata Ibu” Karya Asma Nadia

This article aims to analyze the structural and moral values in the short story Rembulan in the Eyes of Mother by Asma Nadia. Short stories are a form of fiction that usually focus on one event, have a single plot, and have a relatively short and limited time scope. The type of research used is structural study. This study focuses on the coherence between the intrinsic elements of short stories. Theme, setting, plot, point of view and characters must have a reciprocal relationship, determine and influence each other so that they form a complete short story and the researcher will research and explain the moral values that the short story writer wants to convey to the reader.

Pandemic retelling: What GoFundMe posts reveal about the socioeconomic context of COVID-19 death and bereavement among Latinx and Spanish-speaking communities in the United States

COVID-19 has had an outsized impact on Latinx communities in the United States, turning thousands of individuals into newly bereaved survivors. Despite an eagerness among scholars to document social inequities in COVID-19, data limitations prevent a deeper understanding of the socioeconomic context of COVID-19 death. This study explores the social relationships, economic factors, and emotional experiences that surround COVID-19 deaths among the members of Spanish-speaking Latinx communities in the United States, as retold in user-written posts on the GoFundMe crowdfunding platform. GoFundMe posts for funeral and related expenses in the aftermath of a COVID-19 death are an unexplored source of information about the impacts of COVID-19 mortality inequities on the health and well-being of bereaved individuals. First, we used computational query methods to systematically identify a sample of Spanish-language/bilingual GoFundMe posts from U.S. locations referencing the death of someone due to COVID-19. After excluding posts that did not meet search criteria, we used deductive and inductive coding to analyze a corpus of selected posts (n = 68). We found that a more complete story about the social context of COVID-19 deaths in Latinx and Spanish-speaking communities includes a focus on family roles and responsibilities, compounded financial hardship, risk of complicated grief, religiosity, and unexpected death. Our exploratory study highlights the need for further research into the contextualized health and well-being impacts of COVID-19 bereavement for structurally marginalized communities.

Alternatif Pembelajaran Menulis Cerpen dengan Media Storyboard


 
 
 
 Writing skill is one of the difficult skills for students, especially in learning to write short story texts. The teacher's obstacle in learning to write short story texts is the less optimal use of learning media. Storyboard media is present as an alternative to overcome the problems that exist in learning to write short story texts which is the goal of this research. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. The method used is a case study method with interview techniques. Storyboard media is suitable for learning to write short stories because in this media the emphasis is on elaboration, prediction or estimation, generating ideas, and sequencing. The storyboard media begins by making several illustrative images, which are then developed into a paragraph so that it becomes a complete story in a short story.
 
 
 

TopicBubbler: An interactive visual analytics system for cross-level fine-grained exploration of social media data

How to explore fine-grained but meaningful information from the massive amount of social media data is critical but challenging. To address this challenge, we propose the TopicBubbler, a visual analytics system that supports the cross-level fine-grained exploration of social media data. To achieve the goal of cross-level fine-grained exploration, we propose a new workflow. Under the procedure of the workflow, we construct the fine-grained exploration view through the design of bubble-based word clouds. Each bubble contains two rings that can display information through different levels, and recommends six keywords computed by different algorithms. The view supports users collecting information at different levels and to perform fine-grained selection and exploration across different levels based on keyword recommendations. To enable the users to explore the temporal information and the hierarchical structure, we also construct the Temporal View and Hierarchical View, which satisfy users to view the cross-level dynamic trends and the overview hierarchical structure. In addition, we use the storyline metaphor to enable users to consolidate the fragmented information extracted across levels and topics and ultimately present it as a complete story. Case studies from real-world data confirm the capability of the TopicBubbler from different perspectives, including event mining across levels and topics, and fine-grained mining of specific topics to capture events hidden beneath the surface.

Lecturas del informe de la Comisión de la Verdad y posibilidades para la convivencia escolar.

The text addresses the complexity of the current situation in Colombia, a country at a critical moment of social and political change after more than half a century of armed conflict. The signing of the peace agreement with the FARC-EP in 2016 is highlighted as a crucial milestone, although not without challenges, including the reintegration of ex- combatants and the security of the signatories. The creation of the Commission for the Clarification of the Truth, Coexistence and Non-Repetition is mentioned as an attempt to tell the complete story of the conflict and its victims, facing political obstacles such as the position of President Iván Duque. The text also focuses on the importance of education for peaceful coexistence, especially in educational communities. It highlights the need to review and update school curricula to include a more complete and contextualized history of Colombia, from its history of violence to its fight for peace. Additionally, it addresses the importance of challenging social norms that perpetuate violence and conflict, such as gender stereotypes and harassment. It is suggested that truth and justice are imperative for coexistence and that society must strive to search for the truth through different mechanisms such as coexistence committees and programs like Hermes. In addition, creativity and literature are pointed out as ways to redefine the past and build new stories of coexistence. The text offers a multifaceted analysis of social and political change in Colombia, highlighting the complexity of going from a state of prolonged conflict to a more peaceful and equitable situation. It proposes a series of strategies and approaches to address these challenges, from the educational system to public participation and truth and justice as pillars for coexistence

Understanding cognitive maps from landmark and configurational representations

Previous studies on spatial cognition have rarely adopted a behaviorally objective approach for survey representations that may capture the Euclidean qualities of configurations. The current study integrates subjectively conventional coding and a recently developed objective Gardony Map Drawing Analyzer (GMDA) technique to link landmark and survey representations. The combined approach is able to present a more complete story. Participants were instructed to tour a real aquatic environment, which provided more ecologically valid results. Conventional analysis results revealed that the top two most commonly recalled and located landscape categories were lakes and a cascade due to their embedded sociopsychological meanings and physical salience. GMDA results provided quantitative measures regarding configurational outputs, angle accuracy, and distance accuracy. Based on these results, relative contributions of different measures to spatial knowledge were identified using the k-means method. From the two approaches, the results indicated that participants who were better at landmark recall led to a better global perspective of the research site. The study also points out that missing landmarks, which involve participants’ loss of components in response to the target environment map, play critical roles in understanding configurations. In addition, directional information is more important than distance information in constructing spatial representations.