Complete Insertion Research Articles

One-Step Electrodeposited Cu-In-Ga Thin Films and Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Absorber Synthesis for Solar Cells

Cu-In-Ga electrodeposition on Mo substrate is carried out in acidic aqueous media. Subsequent selenization leads to Cu(In,Ga)Se2 absorber for thin film solar cells. First, conditions to achieve one-step Cu-In-Ga electrodeposition are analysed. Then, Cu-In and Cu-Ga systems are studied. Cu-In electrodeposition is realized under diffusion-control conditions. For Cu-Ga system, first Cu(II) diffusion-controlled reduction occurs, followed by kinetic under-potential deposition (UPD) of Ga, leading to the formation of CuGa2 compound. Finally Cu-In-Ga electrodeposition is investigated. For Cu-In-Ga system, CuGa2 compound is not noticed, Ga-O codeposition is favored. In presence of citrate, Ga metal is deposited without oxide. Cu(II) and In(III) reductions are both diffusion-controlled, and Ga(III) kinetically controlled, allowing composition control at fixed pH and potential, but with dendritic growth. After selenization, complete Ga insertion is noticed in the formed chalcopyrite absorber. Solar cells with 4% efficiency were achieved despite porous morphology of the absorber.

Interaction of an Antimicrobial Peptide with a Model Lipid Bilayer Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation

We present results of molecular dynamics simulations of the interaction of a positively charged antimicrobial peptide, carnobacteriocin B2, with a mixed (anionic-zwitterionic) lipid bilayer carrying a net negative charge. When the peptide is initially immersed in an aqueous medium, it approaches the bilayer surface because of electrostatic attraction. Insertion of the single peptide in the bilayer, however, is not spontaneous. Simulations are also conducted by employing initial configurations where the peptide is partially or completely inserted into the bilayer. When the peptide is partially inserted into the bilayer, it experiences a slight loss of helical structure with the appearance of a hinge region in the C-terminal helix. Complete insertion of the peptide in the bilayer results in a stable straight helix with the N- and C-terminals electrostatically tethered to the opposing headgroups of the bilayer. The charged amino acids of the peptide do not cross the charged headgroups of the bilayer in any of the simulations, nor is any bilayer disruption observed in these studies. These results show that single peptides do not spontaneously penetrate lipid membranes and corroborate deductions from previous experimental studies that alternate mechanisms are necessary for their penetration into lipid bilayers.

Framework and grafted nickel ethylenediamine complexes in 2D hexagonal mesostructured templated silica

Well-ordered periodic mesoporous organosilicas (PMOs) of the MCM-41 type of structure containing framework Ni(II) complexes (Ni@PMOs) were synthesized via a one-pot synthesis route in mild conditions, using cheap and environmental friendly reactants. These materials were obtained using the N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (AAPTMS) ligand in three different molar ratios of Ni, X = 1, 2, 3 and co-condensed with sodium silicate in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium tosylate as a templating agent. The latter named OP-Ni-1, OP-Ni-2 and OP-Ni-3, respectively, were submitted to a treatment using a mixture of chlorotrimethylsilane (CTMS) and hexamethyldisilazane (HMDSA) that simultaneously removed the surfactant and capped the silanol groups leading to materials OP-Ni-1TA, OP-Ni-2TA and OP-Ni-3TA (∼2 wt% Ni content). For comparison, a series of mesoporous materials were prepared via a post-synthesis route to locate the Ni(II) complexes in the channel (∼2.4 wt% Ni). The latter were prepared using the “molecular stencil patterning” (MSP) technique based on sequential grafting of trimethylsilyl (TMS) groups and the same ligand cited above using AAPTMS/Ni molar ratios of 2 and 3. These steps lead to intermediate materials LUS to LUS-PSE and final materials LUS-MSP-Ni-2 and LUS-MSP-Ni-3. Both series of materials were thoroughly investigated in terms of (i) coordination state compared to molecular analogues, (ii) Ni(II) to Cu(II) exchange ability and (iii) coordination accessibility using ethylenediamine (en) or thiocyanate (SCN−) as probe ligands. All materials were investigated using XRD, TEM, N2 sorption isotherms, UV-visible, FT-IR and EPR spectroscopies. In particular, FT-IR and EPR data were treated quantitatively to monitor both the TMS loading and the concentration of isolated Cu(II) in conjunction with elemental analysis. Pore size decrease, pore volume reduction, nickel to copper exchangeability (> 90%) and ligand accessibility were observed for materials LUS-MSP-Ni-2 and LUS-MSP-Ni-3 as expected with grafted Ni(II) complexes located in the channel. By contrast, a clear opposite trend, observed for Ni@PMOs, OP-Ni-1, OP-Ni-2 and OP-Ni-3, was fully consistent with a complete insertion and captation of the Ni complexes in the siliceous pore walls despite the very small thickness (ca. 1.4 nm) of the wall. This is explained by the state of Ni(II) both in terms of coordination and cavity effect. Indeed, both absence of counterion coming from the solution (nitrate) and bathochromic shift of the d-d electronic transitions, are consistent with the presence of silanolate groups counterbalancing the electrical charges and mainly leading to neutral framework species of formula, [Ni(AAPS)2(SiO)2], [Ni(AAPS)(OL)2(SiO)2], with neutral ligand OL = H2O, SiOH, SiOSi and AAPS = N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropylsilyl moities.

Evaluation of the effect of upper complete denture on gustatory and olfactory senses.

Background and aims The majority of complete denture wearers are old. Clinical experience suggests that complete denture wearers have various disorders in their gustatory and olfactory senses due to disturbance of airways between the oral and nasal cavities caused by upper complete denture. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of upper complete denture on gustatory and olfactory senses in denture wearers. Materials and methods In this study, gustatory and olfactory senses in 30 patients (15 men and 15 women with a mean age of 52.93 ± 12.97 years) were evaluated three times: before complete denture insertion, three days after insertion and 1 month after that. Sucrose, citric acid, NaCl solution and distilled water (in two samples) were used to evaluate gustatory evalu-ation while mint- and cinnamon-flavored chewing gums were used for olfactory evaluation. Means and standard deviations were calculated and then compared between the different time intervals. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results The mean taste identification time was 5.23 ± 3.52 seconds before denture insertion, which decreased three days after insertion of denture and 1 month after use; however, these changes were not significant (P = 0.149). The mean time of flavor recognition increased after three days of insertion compared to the period before denture wear but decreased after 1 month; however, these changes were not significant (P = 0.792). In addition, the results revealed no significant differences in mean error in identification of taste and smell before and after denture insertion (P = 0.294). Conclusion Denture wearing does not influence gustatory and olfactory senses.

Optimal conditions for Laryngeal Mask Airway insertion in children can be determined by the trapezius squeezing test

Study Objective To evaluate the trapezius squeezing test as a criterion of adequate anesthetic depth for Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) insertion in children without neuromuscular blocking agents. Design Prospective, randomized clinical trial. Setting Operating room of a university hospital. Patients 45 ASA physical status I and II children, aged one to 6 years, undergoing minor surgical procedures. Interventions An LMA was inserted in each child after the trapezius squeezing test turned to be negative. Measurements Presence of coughing, gagging, gross purposeful movements, breath holding, laryngospasm, or desaturation during or within one minute of LMA insertion were recorded. Elapsed time of LMA insertion, end-tidal sevoflurane concentration, blood pressure, and heart rate values were also noted. Main Results LMA insertion was successful in 41 patients. Elapsed time to complete insertion was 5.7 ± 1.9 minutes, and end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was 3.6 ± 1.1 vol%. No marked hemodynamic changes occurred in any child. Conclusions The trapezius squeezing test is a reliable clinical indicator to assess adequate anesthetic depth for LMA insertion in children without neuromuscular blocking agents.

Structure and energetics of Ni and Au nanoclusters deposited on the (001), (110), and (111) surfaces of Au and Ni: A molecular dynamics study

We present a comprehensive theoretical study---within the framework of the embedded-atom method---of the structural properties of Ni and Au nanoclusters deposited on the (001), (110), and (111) surfaces of Au and Ni, respectively, to characterize the evolution of the interfaces between nanoparticles and substrates. The Ni nanoclusters are found to exchange with the Au substrate atoms to form subsurface wetting layers. The exchanges occur either in a concerted fashion with the formation of a transient dimer, or in a two-step process consisting of complete insertion, then ejection of substrate atoms. Our results show a significant dependence of the shape of the embedded nanocluster on the surface, temperature, and contact angle. In contrast, Au nanoclusters do not burrow into Ni surfaces; embedded clusters resurface to either form an extra layer on the surface or alloy with the topmost substrate layer.

A pitfall of transfix fixation during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

While attempting femoral fixation during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using Bio-TransFix (Arthrex, Naples, FL), we experienced failure of complete insertion of a hamstring graft into the femoral tunnel. A passing wire was twisted in the femoral tunnel during insertion of the ACL graft. The cause and methods of prevention of this complication are discussed.

The Genome Sequence of the Tomato-Pathogenic ActinomyceteClavibacter michiganensissubsp.michiganensisNCPPB382 Reveals a Large Island Involved in Pathogenicity

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis is a plant-pathogenic actinomycete that causes bacterial wilt and canker of tomato. The nucleotide sequence of the genome of strain NCPPB382 was determined. The chromosome is circular, consists of 3.298 Mb, and has a high G+C content (72.6%). Annotation revealed 3,080 putative protein-encoding sequences; only 26 pseudogenes were detected. Two rrn operons, 45 tRNAs, and three small stable RNA genes were found. The two circular plasmids, pCM1 (27.4 kbp) and pCM2 (70.0 kbp), which carry pathogenicity genes and thus are essential for virulence, have lower G+C contents (66.5 and 67.6%, respectively). In contrast to the genome of the closely related organism Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus, the genome of C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis lacks complete insertion elements and transposons. The 129-kb chp/tomA region with a low G+C content near the chromosomal origin of replication was shown to be necessary for pathogenicity. This region contains numerous genes encoding proteins involved in uptake and metabolism of sugars and several serine proteases. There is evidence that single genes located in this region, especially genes encoding serine proteases, are required for efficient colonization of the host. Although C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis grows mainly in the xylem of tomato plants, no evidence for pronounced genome reduction was found. C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis seems to have as many transporters and regulators as typical soil-inhabiting bacteria. However, the apparent lack of a sulfate reduction pathway, which makes C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis dependent on reduced sulfur compounds for growth, is probably the reason for the poor survival of C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis in soil.

Distinct Structural and Adhesive Roles of Ca2+ in Membrane Binding of Blood Coagulation Factors

The GLA domain, a common membrane-anchoring domain of several serine protease coagulation factors, is a key element in membrane association and activation of these factors in a highly Ca2+-dependent manner. However, the critical role of Ca2+ ions in binding is only poorly understood. Here, we present the atomic model of a membrane-bound GLA domain by using MD simulations of the GLA domain of human factor VIIa and an anionic lipid bilayer. The binding is furnished through a complete insertion of the omega-loop into the membrane and through direct interactions of structurally bound Ca2+ ions and protein side chains with negative lipids. The model suggests that Ca2+ ions play two distinct roles in the process: the four inner Ca2+ ions are primarily responsible for optimal folding of the GLA domain for membrane insertion, whereas the outer Ca2+ ions anchor the protein to the membrane through direct contacts with lipids.

Corticosteroid-binding Globulin, a Structural Basis for Steroid Transport and Proteinase-triggered Release

Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) is a serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) family member that transports glucocorticoids in blood and regulates their access to target cells. The 1.9A crystal structure of rat CBG shows that its steroid-binding site resembles the thyroxin-binding site in the related serpin, thyroxin-binding globulin, and mutagenesis studies have confirmed the contributions of key residues that constitute the steroid-binding pocket. Unlike thyroxin-bound thyroxin-binding globulin, the cortisol-bound CBG displays an "active" serpin conformation with the proteinase-sensitive, reactive center loop (RCL) fully expelled from the regulatory beta-sheet A. Moreover, the CBG structure allows us to predict that complete insertion of the proteolytically cleaved RCL into the serpin fold occurs in concert with a displacement and unwinding of helix D that would disrupt the steroid-binding site. This allosteric coupling between RCL positioning and occupancy of the CBG steroid-binding site, which resembles the ligand (glycosamino-glycan)-dependent activation of the thrombin inhibitory serpins heparin cofactor II and anti-thrombin RCLs, ensures both optimal recognition of CBG by target proteinases and efficient release of steroid to sites of action.

Construction and preliminary analysis of a metagenomic library from a deep-sea sediment of east Pacific Nodule Province

The Pacific Nodule Province is a unique ocean area containing an abundance of polymetallic nodules. To explore more genetic information and discover potentially industrial useful genes of the microbial community from this particular area, a cosmid library with an average insert of about 35 kb was constructed from the deep-sea sediment. The bacteria in the cosmid library were composed mainly of Proteobacteria including Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria. The end sequences of some cosmid clones were determined and the complete insert sequences of two cosmid clones, 10D02 and 17H9, are presented. 10D02 has a length of 40.8 kb and contains 40 predicted encoding genes. It contains a partial 16S rRNA gene of Alphaproteobacteria. 17H9 is 36.8 kb and predicted to have 31 encoding genes and a 16S-23S-5S rRNA gene operon. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S and 23S rRNA gene sequence on the 17H9 both reveals that the inserted DNA from 17H9 came from a novel Alphaproteobacteria and is closely related to Magnetospirillum species. The predicted proteins of ORF 1-11 also have high identity to those of Magnetospirillum species, and the organization of these genes is highly conserved among known Magnetospirillum species. The data suggest that the retrieved DNA in 17H9 might be derived from a novel Magnetospirillum species.

Deep vein thrombosis in a patient with congenital heart disease and permanent transfemoral pacing

A 45-year-old woman with previous repair of coarctation of aorta, ventricular septal defect closure, and progressive decline in her exercise capacity was admitted for the treatment of left leg deep venous thrombosis (DVT). She had a history of complete heart block and insertion of a pectoral pacemaker. After numerous problems with pocket infections, multiple box changes and fracture of the atrial lead, the pectoral system was extracted, and a transfemoral permanent pacemaker was implanted. Even though transfemoral pacing is considered a safe alternative to epicardial lead placement, this may not be the case in functionally impaired patients with mobility problems. Physicians caring for such patients should be alert to symptoms of DVT and provide prompt treatment to avoid major complications.

Cochlear Implantation in Children With CHARGE Syndrome: Therapeutic Decisions and Outcomes

Ear anomalies and deafness are associated with CHARGE syndrome, which also presents with a cluster of features including coloboma of the eye, heart defects, atresia of the choanae, developmental retardation, and genitourinary abnormalities. The aim of this study is to explore the viability of cochlear implantation in children with CHARGE syndrome and to assess the outcome. Retrospective chart review. Eleven children presenting with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss associated with CHARGE syndrome were the subjects of this study. Routine audiometric measurements and the Infant Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS) were performed pre- and postoperatively. In addition, the degree of the subjects' cochlear deformity were measured and correlated to outcome. All patients had varying degrees of ear anomalies, seven patients suffered from coloboma of the eyes, two had heart defects, five exhibited choanal atresia, eleven showed developmental retardation, and six had genitourinary abnormalities. Ten of the children underwent cochlear implantation with complete insertion of the electrode array without complication and were followed over a 3-month to a 7-year period. The eleventh child was not implanted because of severe retardation. All of the implanted children showed varying, but limited degrees, of auditory benefit as measured by routine audiometry and the IT-MAIS. Careful treatment planning for children with sensorineural hearing loss and CHARGE syndrome can lead to varying, but limited degrees, of auditory benefit with no increase in surgical complications. Although the implant enhanced the children's 'connectivity' to the environment, it did not promote the development of oral language skills in this population.

Residual hearing in cochlear implant patients

Preservation of residual hearing should be a desirable outcome of implant surgery. Prevention of neural degeneration due to loss of residual hair cells, together with the continuous progress in cochlear implant technology should be able to preserve cochlear integrity as well as possible. The degree of hearing preservation may vary depending on surgical approach, maximum insertion depth and other factors not uniformly considered to date. The aim of this retrospective case controlled study is to evaluate residual hearing after cochlear implant surgery. In particular, we analyzed data obtained with use of two different kinds of electrode arrays, with and without rigid introductor (stylet). We report the results on 37 patients with measurable preoperative hearing thresholds, mean age of 28 years (5-70 years), having the following implants: seven Advanced Bionics, four Med-El, 24 Cochlear, two MXM; 19 of them were performed using the stylet and the other 18 without it. A minimally invasive surgical approach was performed with a short retroauricular incision and a 1.2 mm cochleostomy. A complete electrode array insertion was obtained in all patients. Responses to pure-tone stimuli were measured for each ear in pre-implantation conditions and 3-12 months after surgery. After implantation 14 patients (38%) showed no hearing threshold variation, 29 (78%) maintained an appreciable hearing threshold level in the implanted ear, 8 (22%) had a total loss of residual hearing. Median increases of threshold levels were, in all 37 studied patients, 5, 10, 10 and 5 dB HL, respectively, for 125, 250, 500 and 1 kHz. For the 18 patients having implants without the stylet median increases of threshold levels were 0, 10, 5 and 7 dB HL; in the stylet group, they were 10, 5, 5 and 10 dB HL. On a comparison between the stylet and the non-stylet group, no significant differences in mean hearing threshold worsening were found. Data seem to suggest that cochlear function is less sensitive to mechanical trauma during implant surgery than was thought. Besides, electrode array stiffness seems not to influence preservation of cochlear residual functional integrity. Finally, the authors hypothesize a direct spiral ganglion activation under strong mechanical stimulation.

Residual Hearing Thresholds in Cochlear Implantation and Reimplantation

Implant and reimplantation surgery should be carried out with preservation of residual hearing. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of such a surgery on hearing threshold. We report the results on 40 patients, 20 males and 20 females, aged between 5 and 70 (mean 29) years, 16 pre-verbal and 24 post-verbal, with measurable pre-operative auditory thresholds. We used the following implants: Advanced Bionics, Med-El, Cochlear, and MXM Digisonic. Four of the patients underwent cochlear reimplantation owing to device failure. A complete insertion was obtained in all patients. Responses to pure-tone stimuli were evaluated in each ear in pre-implant conditions and 3 months after cochlear implant or reimplantation. The explantation was performed with minimal cochlear trauma and preservation of the explanted electrode integrity. 35% showed no change of the hearing threshold, 45% showed a slight worsening of the hearing threshold level in the implanted ear, and 20% had a total loss of residual hearing. Median increases of threshold levels were 10, 5, 10 and 3 dB HL respectively for 125, 250, 500 and 1 kHz. In the group of 4 patients who underwent cochlear reimplantation, 2 showed no variation of the hearing threshold, 1 preserved an appreciable hearing threshold, and 1 had a total loss of residual hearing. The data seem to suggest that hearing function is rather resistant to mechanical trauma during implant and reimplant surgery; the authors hypothesize a role for direct spiral ganglion activation under intense mechanical stimulation.

Cochlear Implant in Hypoacusis With Alteration of Connexin 26

The objective of this paper is to assess the benefits of cochlear implantation in a population of profound prelingual congenital deaf children with mutation of Connexin 26 (DFNB1 phenotype), compared with a population of profound congenital deaf children without mutation of this gene. This retrospective study was carried out in 36 children with cochlear implants under the age of 6. All had profound congenital bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment, without cochlear malformation. Fifteen children were diagnosed as having DFNB1 and homozygous 30-35delG mutation, and 21 had no mutation of Connexin 26 (Cx26). All of them used Nucleus 24K or ST cochlear implants, with complete non-traumatic insertion of the electrodes, and follow-up was 12 months. There is no significant difference in pure tone audiometry and logoaudiometric tests between the 2 groups, children diagnosed as having DFNB1 (homozygous 30-35delG mutation) and children without mutation of Cx26. However, the population with DFNB1 shows a tendency to achieve better results more quickly in vowels and bisyllabic word tests 12 months after implantation. The cochlear implant is an effective therapy for children with profound prelingual congenital hearing loss with mutation of Cx26.

A Novel Fabrication Method for Mold Insert of Injection Molded Microlens Array

This paper reports a simple and novel procedure for mold insert of microlens array. The micro injection molding (MIM) and micro injection-compression molding (MICM) are used to replicate the microlens array. The 200×200 arrays of molded microlens, with a diameter of 150 $m, a pitch of 200 $m and a sag height of 11.236 $m have been successfully fabricated. The average surface roughness of the Ni mold insert is 6.916 nm. The average surface roughness of the molded microlens array is 4.608 nm for MIM and 4.555 nm for MICM. The complete fabrication process of mold insert is executed at room temperature and low pressure for this paper.

Structure and redox properties of Ce xPr 1− xO 2− δ mixed oxides and their catalytic activities for CO, CH 3OH and CH 4 combustion

A series of Ce x Pr 1− x O 2− δ mixed oxides were synthesized by a sol–gel method and characterized by Raman, XRD and TPR techniques. The oxidation activity for CO, CH 3OH and CH 4 on these mixed oxides was investigated. When the value x was changed from 1.0 to 0.8, only a cubic phase CeO 2 was observed. The samples were greatly crystallized in the range of the value x from 0.99 to 0.80, which is due to the formation of solid solutions caused by the complete insertion of Pr into the CeO 2 crystal lattices. Raman bands at 465 and 1150 cm −1 in Ce x Pr 1− x O 2− δ samples are attributed to the Raman active F 2g mode of CeO 2. The broad band at around 570 cm −1 in the region of 0.3 ≤ x ≤ 0.99 can be linked to oxygen vacancies. The new band at 195 cm −1 may be ascribed to the asymmetric vibration caused by the formation of oxygen vacancies. The TPR profile of Pr 6O 11 shows two reduction peaks and the reduction process is followed: Pr O 1.83 ⟶ 530 ° C Pr O 1.61 ⟶ 650 ° C Pr O 1.5 . The reduction temperature of Ce x Pr 1− x O 2− δ mixed oxides is lower than those of Pr 6O 11 or CeO 2. TPR results indicate that Ce x Pr 1− x O 2− δ mixed oxides have higher redox properties because of the formation of Ce x Pr 1− x O 2− δ solid solutions. The presence of the oxygen vacancies favors CO and CH 3OH oxidation, while the activity of CH 4 oxidation is mostly related to reduction temperatures and redox properties.

Mapping of Binding Site III in the Leptin Receptor and Modeling of a Hexameric Leptin·Leptin Receptor Complex

The leptin.leptin receptor (LR) system shows strong similarities to the long chain cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) cytokine.cytokine receptor systems. The IL-6 family cytokines interact with their receptors through three different binding sites (I-III). We demonstrated previously that leptin has similar binding sites I-III and mapped the interactions between binding site II and cytokine receptor homology domain II (CRH2) (Peelman, F., Van Beneden, K., Zabeau, L., Iserentant, H., Ulrichts, P., Defeau, D., Verhee, A., Catteeuw, D., Elewaut, D., and Tavernier, J. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279, 41038-41046). In this study, we built homology models for the CRH1 and Ig-like domains of the LR. The Ig-like domain shows a large conserved surface patch in the beta-sheet formed by beta-strands 3, 6, and 7. Mutations in this patch almost completely abolished the leptin-induced STAT3-dependent reporter activity. We propose that a conserved cluster of residues Leu370, Ala407, Tyr409, His417, and His418 forms the center of binding site III of the LR. We built a hexameric leptin.LR complex model based on the hexameric IL-6 complex. In this model, a conserved hydrophobic protuberance of Val36, Thr37, Phe41, and Phe43 in the A-B loop of leptin fits perfectly in the CRH2 domain, corresponding to the IL-6 alpha-receptor, and forms the center of binding site I. The 2:4 hexameric leptin.LR complex offers a rational explanation for mutagenesis studies and residue conservation.

Plasmid-mediated florfenicol resistance in Pasteurella trehalosi

A florfenicol-resistant Pasteurella trehalosi isolate from a calf was investigated for the presence and the location of the gene floR. The P. trehalosi isolate 13698 was investigated for its in vitro susceptibility to antimicrobial agents and its plasmid content. A 14.9 kb plasmid, designated pCCK13698, was identified by transformation into Pasteurella multocida to mediate resistance to florfenicol, chloramphenicol and sulphonamides. The plasmid was sequenced completely and analysed for its structure and organization. Plasmid pCCK13698 exhibited extended similarity to plasmid pHS-Rec from Haemophilus parasuis including the region carrying the parA, repB, rec and int genes. Moreover, it revealed similarities to plasmid RSF1010 in the parts covering the mobC and repA-repC genes and to plasmid pMVSCS1 in the parts covering the sul2-catA3-strA gene cluster. Moreover, the floR gene area corresponded to that of transposon TnfloR. In addition, two complete insertion sequences were detected that were highly similar to IS1593 from Mannheimia haemolytica and IS26 from Enterobacteriaceae. Several potential recombination sites were identified that might explain the development of plasmid pCCK13698 by recombination events. The results of this study showed that in the bovine pathogen P. trehalosi, floR-mediated resistance to chloramphenicol and florfenicol was associated with a plasmid, which also carried functionally active genes for resistance to sulphonamides (sul2) and chloramphenicol (catA3). This is to the best of our knowledge the first report of resistance genes in P. trehalosi and only the second report of the presence of a florfenicol-resistance gene in target bacteria of the family Pasteurellaceae.