Complete Immunization Research Articles

The Correlation between the knowledge and attitudes of mothers of toddlers about immunization with compliance to complete routine immunization in Wage Village, Taman Subdistrict, Sidoarjo Regency, East Java, Indonesia

Introduction: The under-five mortality rate in Indonesia and East Java in 2021 shows a downward trend from 2020, with the main cause of under-five mortality being infectious diseases such as pneumonia and diarrhea. One of the factors that contributed to this was the increase in complete immunization coverage for babies in previous years; however, in the 2021 and 2022 periods in Indonesia and East Java, there was a significant decline in the number of complete immunization coverage. Community behaviour regarding improving health, in this case, immunization, is determined by many factors, one of which is the knowledge and attitudes of the mothers of toddlers themselves. Objective: Analyzing the correlation between the knowledge and attitudes of mothers of toddlers regarding immunization and compliance with providing complete routine immunization in Wage Village, Taman District, Sidoarjo Regency, East Java, Indonesia. Method: This research used quantitative methods with a cross-sectional approach. Data was collected through questionnaires given to 90 mothers of toddlers aged 24-59 months in Wage Village who had a Healthy Way Card (KMS) or Maternal and Child Health Book (KIA); the sample size was calculated using the Compare Two Proportions formula, sampling techniques using Purposive Consecutive Sampling, and Fisher's Exact test was used to see the correlation between the two variables. Results: The results of this study show that there is no significant correlation between the knowledge of mothers of toddlers about immunization and compliance with providing complete routine immunization (p=0.434), and there is no significant correlation between the attitude of mothers of toddlers about immunization and compliance with providing complete routine immunization (p=1.000). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that neither the knowledge nor attitudes of mothers of toddlers regarding immunization have a significant correlation with compliance in providing complete routine immunization in Wage Village, Taman District, Sidoarjo Regency. Efforts to increase immunization compliance need to focus on other aspects, such as cross-sectoral cooperation, accessibility of health services and more comprehensive education programs for mothers of toddlers, families and the community.

Gerakan Pencegahan Stunting Melalui Sosialiasi Bersama Pemuda IPNU DAN IPPNU Desa Tengki Kecamatan Brebes Kabupaten Brebes

<p align="center">Abstract</p><p><br /> Stunting is a condition where growth failure in children occurs due to chronic malnutrition over a long period of time, thus hampering growth and development. In this research we used an observation method where we went directly into the field with health workers to see what conditions were in the community of Tengki Village, Brebes. . The population and sample in this research were all Tengki residents. Efforts to prevent stunting that can be made are by providing adequate nutritional intake from the fertilization of the egg until the child is 2 years old,providing exclusive breast milk until the baby is 6 months old, and ensuring that the child receives complete immunization. The conclusion of this research is the prevention of stunting in the Tengki Village area, Kab. Brebes can be done through the observation and socialization stages. This activity started with observations carried out by all members of KKNT group 6 of Tengki Village, Brebes Regency, counseling activities regarding stunting prevention were attended by 50% of Tengki Village teenagers and education on the provision of additional food was provided by 80% of the Tengki Village community.</p><p>Key words: stunting, KKN-T, prevention.</p>

PEMODELAN GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED NEGATIVE BINOMIAL REGRESSION (GWNBR) PADA KEJADIAN STUNTING DIiKABUPATEN BARITO KUALA TAHUN 2022

Stunting is a condition of malnutrition in toddlers that causes their height to be lower than other children their age. In 2022, South Kalimantan Province has a stunting prevalence of 24.6% and ranks fifteenth in Indonesia. Barito Kuala Regency, one of the regions in South Kalimantan Province, has the highest stunting rate at 33.6% which is included in the Chronic- Acute category (≥ 20%). This study uses the GWNBR model to characterize the factors that cause stunting in Barito Kuala Regency. The GWNBR model will make it easier for researchers to find out the factors that affect stunting in each sub-district. The weight matrix used is a fixed kernel function and an adaptive kernel function. The predictor variables used were the percentage of infant history of complete basic immunization, history of exclusive breastfeeding in infants <6 months, history of low birth weight babies, new visits to pregnant women (K1), sixth antenatal care (ANC) visit (K6), history of pregnant women who received blood supplement tablets, history of infants 6-11 months who received vitamin A, active posyandu and households with access to appropate sanitary facilities.(healthy latrines). The best model results obtained with adaptive gaussian weighting with an AIC value of 167.25. Keywords: Stunting Cases, GWNBR model.

Analysis of Social Factors on Immunization Refusal in Jungkat Village

Background: Immunization is one of the most effective and efficient health intervention programs to prevent various diseases in children. But there are still refusals of immunization in some areas in West Kalimantan, one of which is in Jungkat Village. The low number of fully immunized children in Jungkat Village is a serious problem. As a result of not being immunized, dangerous diseases that can be prevented by immunization still threaten children in Jungkat Village. This study aims to understand and identify the factors of refusal of complete basic immunization in Jungkat Village, Mempawah District, West Kalimantan. Methods: This research used a descriptive qualitative approach. The number of participants in this study was six people who were selected using purposive sampling method. Of the six people, consisted of the head of the Jungkat Health Center, posyandu officers, and three mothers who had toddlers aged 0-24 months. Results: Traditional beliefs and experiences: people in Jungkat village believe that bad things will happen after immunization, family support: without family support, mothers in Jungkat village will be less motivated to participate in the immunization program, parents. There are parents who do not understand why immunization is important for their children's health. Conclusions: Research on the factors of refusal of basic immunization in Jungkat Village, found that the factors of belief in tradition and community experience, community experience, family support, and parental knowledge greatly influenced community attitudes towards immunization.

Impact of the Mediterranean Diet (Med-Diet) on Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Prevention and Management: A Narrative Review

Cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Dietary patterns play a crucial role in the prevention and management of these life-threatening diseases. Moreover, the Mediterranean diet (Med-Diet) is consistently associated with health benefits. Therefore, the current study attempted to synthesize the contemporary scientific evidence, outlining the impact of Med-Diet on CVD. The key components of this dietary pattern include a high intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, seafood, olive oil, and moderate consumption of poultry and dairy products which interact to provide protective effects against these diseases. The Med-Diet emphasizes the use of monounsaturated fats from olive oil and polyunsaturated fats from seafood, which significantly contribute to cardiovascular health. This diet is also rich in antioxidants and phytochemicals, offering potential protective qualities against cancer through combating inflammation and oxidative stress. High fiber content contributes to a healthy digestive system and potentially reduces the incidence of colorectal cancers. While, the Med-Diet alone cannot guarantee complete immunity against these diseases, it is an essential element of a holistic approach to disease prevention and management. Moreover, it also reinforces the importance of incorporating dietary patterns into public health strategies. To strengthen the evidence base, future research should focus on long-term randomized controlled trials in diverse populations.

What matters in good health status of 1-year-old children? - A cross-sectional study of the perinatal factors.

A healthy child can make way for a healthy adult. Some of the factors that can be used to determine the health of a young child are nutritional status of the child, the developmental milestones achieved, and frequency of illness. The health status of children and associated factors are determined. This is a community-based cross-sectional study with 271 participants. The height and weight of the child were measured; questions were asked regarding developmental milestones achieved and frequent illnesses. An interview schedule was used to enquire about the determinants of health status. Descriptive statistics were done; Chi-square test and regression were used to determine association between the health status of children and determinants. A total of 127 (46.86%) were found to have a good health status. Family type (Chi square value 9.568; P value = 0.002), birth spacing (Chi square 20.540; P value < 0.001), term or pre-term birth (Chi square 4.598; P value = 0.032), chronic medical problem in the child (Chi square 11.074; P value = 0.001), and immunization status of the child (Chi square 5.666; P value = 0.017) were found to have significant association with the health status of the child. By logistic regression, pre-term child birth and family type were found to have higher odds. For better health of the child, specific focus on birth spacing, term birth of baby, better care of the ill, and complete immunization play vital roles.

Polio, Eradikasi, dan Vaksinasi

Poliomyelitis (polio) is a very dangerous infectious disease. The disease is caused by polio virus which comes from the genus Enterovirus and family Picorna viridae. Polio virus enters the body through the mouth, from water or food contaminated with feces of polio sufferers. Also also due to lack of personal and environmental hygiene. Polio has no cure, the only defense is immunization. The World Health Organization (WHO) stated that in 2018 there were around 20 million children in the world who did not get complete immunization, some even did not get immunized at all. Indonesia has implemented a polio eradication program by conducting an intensive polio immunization program throughout Indonesia through an immunization development program immunization development program/PPI since 1980. The final journey of polio eradication is still challenging and difficult. Since the introduction of the poliovirus vaccine in the 1950s and early 1960s, the effectiveness of the vaccine to prevent poliomyelitis has been clearly demonstrated.

Pendampingan dan penyuluhan imunisasi dasar lengkap

Introduction: Immunization is the most effective and efficient public health effort in preventing several dangerous diseases. The large role of immunization in saving the world community from pain, disability, and even death due to diseases that can be prevented by immunization such as Smallpox, Polio, Tuberculosis, Hepatitis B, Diphtheria, Measles, Rubella, Tetanus, Pneumonia, Meningitis, and encephalitis. Objective: to increase parents' knowledge through mentoring and counseling about the importance of complete basic immunization for babies at Posyandu Mekar Jaya Batu-batu environment, Darma sub-district. Method: Community service activities carried out include assistance and education regarding complete basic immunization for children. The media used is leaflet material.Implementation of community service uses the community outreach method, namely involving the community and students during the implementation process Result: From the results of the pre-test analysis, most mothers did not know about the importance of stimulation, early intervention detection and growth and development, but after counseling, the post-test results showed that almost all mothers understood the importance of complete basic immunization. Conclusion: From the community service activities that have been carried out at Posyandu Mekar Jaya in the Batu-Batu neighborhood, Darma Village by the community service team of STIKES Bina Generasi Polewali Mandar, it can be concluded that complete basic immunization assistance and counseling activities have been carried out for children and this activity has received a positive response. From partners, it can be seen that during counseling there is quite intensive communication interaction and increased knowledge and high awareness of carrying out complete basic immunization for their children through posyandu/puskesmas. Community service activities can be used as a reference or reference for respondents' knowledge about complete basic immunization for children

Contextualizing post day-one childhood immunization in-take drop-off rate in Nigeria: An assessment of working mothers in Ibadan

Background Contextualizing childhood immunization in the context of working mothers can boost coverage and completion. This study examines how informal working mothers perceive post-day-one routine immunization, and vaccines not covered under the National Program on Immunization (NPI), immunization schedules, timing, and duration. Methods The study was conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria and involved 1,044 quantitative and 73 qualitative samples of working nursing mothers. A mixed methods approach was used, including a semi-structured questionnaire to gather immunization experiences. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test for proportions, and t-test for means (p&lt;0.05), while qualitative data were subjected to content analysis. Results The average age of mothers participating in this study was 31.39 years. The mean age of mothers at their first childbirth within the study group was 24.12 years. A significant majority of these mothers (95%) are married. Around three-quarters of women in this population ensured immediate immunization for their infants after birth, but less than a third achieved the complete age-specific vaccination series due to livelihood related causes, long waiting time spent in conventional immunization clinic. Around 40% of interviewed mothers vaccinated their children up to the third DPT dose, and just over 30% achieved full vaccination. Many informal working mothers, have concerning practice of adding 'supplements' to their children's immunization, driven by a lack of sufficient information about the vaccines. Some mothers also seemed unaware of these specialized vaccines. Conclusions Promoting complete immunization requires more than just raising awareness about childhood vaccinations but close and quick immunization service delivery is required. It is crucial for mothers to possess comprehensive knowledge about the mechanics and operation of immunization. Achieving this understanding could involve translating vaccine names and functions into indigenous terms, enhancing clarity and comprehension. Furthermore, a firm grasp of the immunization schedule significantly contributes to successful immunization completion.

Challenges in assessing the immunization status of adults in Germany—lessons from a population-based VACCELERATE survey on polio vaccination

PurposeConsidering the re-emergence of poliomyelitis (PM) in non-endemic regions, it becomes apparent that vaccine preventable diseases can rapidly develop epi- or even pandemic potential. Evaluation of the current vaccination status is required to inform patients, health care providers and policy makers about vaccination gaps.MethodsBetween October 28 2022 and November 23 2022, 5,989 adults from the VACCELEREATE Volunteer Registry completed an electronic case report form on their previous PM vaccine doses including number, types/-valencies and the time of administration based on their vaccination records. A uni-/multivariable regression analysis was performed to assess associations in participant characteristics and immunization status.ResultsAmong German volunteers (n = 5,449), complete PM immunization schedule was found in 1,981 (36%) participants. Uncertain immunization, due to unknown previous PM vaccination (n = 313, 6%), number of doses (n = 497, 9%), types/-valencies (n = 1,233, 23%) or incoherent immunization schedule (n = 149, 3%) was found in 40% (n = 2,192). Out of 1,276 (23%) participants who reported an incomplete immunization schedule, 62 (1%) never received any PM vaccine. A total of 5,074 (93%) volunteers reported having been vaccinated at least once and 2,087 (38%) indicated that they received vaccination within the last ten years. Female sex, younger age, as well as availability of first vaccination record were characteristics significantly associated with complete immunization (p < 0.001).ConclusionFull PM immunization schedule was low and status frequently classified as uncertain due to lack of details on administered doses. There is an obviousneed for improved recording to enable long-term access to detailed vaccination history in the absence of a centralized immunization register.

SIRS Epidemic Models with Delays, Partial and Temporary Immunity and Vaccination

The basic reproduction, or reproductive number, is a useful index that indicates whether or not there will be an epidemic. However, it is also very important to determine whether an epidemic will eventually decrease and disappear or persist as an endemic. Different infectious diseases have different behaviors and mathematical models used to simulated them should capture the most important processes; however, the models also involve simplifications. Influenza epidemics are usually short-lived and can be modeled with ordinary differential equations without considering demographics. Delays such as the infection time can change the behavior of the solutions. The same is true if there is permanent or temporary immunity, or complete or partial immunity. Vaccination, isolation and the use of antivirals can also change the outcome. In this paper, we introduce several new models and use them to find the effects of all the above factors paying special attention to whether the model can represent an infectious process that eventually disappears. We determine the equilibrium solutions and establish the stability of the disease-free equilibrium using various methods. We also show that many models of influenza or other epidemics with a short duration do not have solutions with a disappearing epidemic. The main objective of the paper is to introduce different ways of modeling immunity in epidemic models. Several scenarios with different immunities are studied since a person may not be re-infected because he/she has total or partial immunity or because there were no close contacts. We show that some relatively small changes, such as in the vaccination rate, can significantly change the dynamics; for example, the existence and number of the disease-free equilibria. We also illustrate that while introducing delays makes the models more realistic, the dynamics have the same qualitative behavior.

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Severe and Very Severe Pneumonia in Infants

Background: Childhood pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in developing countries. World Health Organization (WHO) stated that pneumonia is the cause of mortality of around 1.2 million children under 5 years per year. The high incidence of very severe pneumonia cases with preventable risk factors become the background of this study.Purpose: The aim of our study was to describe clinical and epidemiological characteristics of severe and very severe pneumonia in infants and children.Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study were conducted from January 2017 to December 2018. We obtained clinical and demographic data of each patient based on medical records.The diagnosis of pneumonia was made clinically based on the Indonesian Ministry of Health criteria. Prematurity was defined as babies born with gestational age less than 37 weeks, low birth weight was defined as babies with birth weight less than 2500 grams. The nutritional status of children is clinically and anthropometrically evaluated using 2006 WHO curve of weight-by-age. Results: A total of 465 patients were diagnosed with pneumonia during 48 months study. 212 patients were excluded and 253 pneumonia patients met the inclusion criteria, 140 patients with very severe pneumonia and 113 patients with severe pneumonia. Among 253 patients, 141 were boys. 125 patients were 2-5 months of age. 71 patients were born with low birth weight and 62 patients had history of preterm birth. There were 86 patients receiving exclusive breastfeeding and 138 patients with complete immunization status. There were 131 patients with moderate and severe malnutrition, and 127 patients with comorbidity factors. 94 patients developed pneumonia with suspected bacterial causative agents.Conclusion: Lower age, prematurity, low birth weight, poor nutritional status, exclusive breastfeeding, comorbidities, and suspected bacterial causative agents are common characteristics of severe and very severe pneumonia in infants and children in Dr. Soetomo Surabaya.

MODELING THE INCIDENCE OF MALNUTRITION IN BOGOR REGENCY USING ZERO-INFLATED NEGATIVE BINOMIAL MIXED EFFECT MODEL

Modeling response variables in the form of count data generally uses a model based on the Poisson distribution. However, some conditions, such as the presence of excess zero, can be found in the data that result in overdispersion, which will have an impact on the resulting variance in the model. In this paper, three approaches, namely the Poisson Mixed Model, the Negative Binomial (NB) Mixed Model, and the Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) Mixed Model, are used to model the incidence of malnutrition in Bogor Regency. The data used in this study are secondary data sourced from the West Java open data website. Based on the results of data analysis, it appears that the ZINB Mixed Model method is a method capable of accommodating random effects, overdispersion, and excess zero in modeling malnutrition in Bogor Regency. Variables that significantly affect the occurrence of malnutrition cases in villages in Bogor Regency include the Number of Children Weighed Routinely Every Month, Number of Children Measured for Length and Height Twice a Year, Number of Children under 12 Months Old Who Received Complete Basic Immunization, Number of Posyandu (Integrated Health Post), and Number of Parents/Caregivers Participating in Monthly Parenting (PAUD).

Evaluation and outcome of hearing in meningitis patients

Background: Meningitis remains the most common cause of acquired severe to profound SNHL in childhood. Likewise, deafness is the most common long-term neurological sequelae of the disease. Important consideration following meningitis is the development of labyrinthitis ossificans in which there is new bone formation within the lumen of the otic capsule. Ossification of the labyrinth can develop within a few days of meningitis which can make cochlear implantation difficult. Every newborn should be promptly screened for any hearing deficit along with the patients having meningitis. The most easily available investigation are OAE and BERA. Methods: Our ambispective study of 25 patients was undertaken in a duration of 2 years in ENT department of civil hospital, Ahmedabad. All the patients underwent a detailed clinical examination and all routine audiological, and radiological investigations. Results: The prevalence of hearing loss in post meningitis pediatric age group is 40%. Females are affected more than males. Median age group of presentation with hearing deficit is 4 years. Patients with complete immunization history have lower incidence of hearing loss associated with meningitis than incomplete immunization. Ossification of the cochlea can develop as early as 6 days from the development of first symptom. Conclusions: Ossification of the cochlea can develop as early as 6 days from the development of first symptom. These are the candidates who should be prioritized for cochlear implant surgery. Patients with mild hearing loss recovered completely whereas those with profound hearing loss underwent cochlear implant surgery and were benefited with it.

BacScan: a novel genome-wide strategy for uncovering broadly immunogenic proteins in bacteria.

In response to the global threat posed by bacterial pathogens, which are the second leading cause of death worldwide, vaccine development is challenged by the diversity of bacterial serotypes and the lack of immunoprotection across serotypes. To address this, we introduce BacScan, a novel genome-wide technology for the rapid discovery of conserved highly immunogenic proteins (HIPs) across serotypes. Using bacterial-specific serum, BacScan combines phage display, immunoprecipitation, and next-generation sequencing to comprehensively identify all the HIPs in a single assay, thereby paving the way for the development of universally protective vaccines. Our validation of this technique with Streptococcus suis, a major pathogenic threat, led to the identification of 19 HIPs, eight of which conferred 20-100% protection against S. suis challenge in animal models. Remarkably, HIP 8455 induced complete immunity, making it an exemplary vaccine target. BacScan's adaptability to any bacterial pathogen positions it as a revolutionary tool that can expedite the development of vaccines with broad efficacy, thus playing a critical role in curbing bacterial transmission and slowing the march of antimicrobial resistance.

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Midwifery Care in Health Observations of 24-Month-Old Toddlers: Study in Kute Rayang Village, Central Aceh, Indonesia

Toddler health is an important indicator of public health and nation development. Midwifery care plays an important role in maintaining the health of toddlers, including observing the health of toddlers aged 24 months. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of midwifery care in observing the health of 24-month-old toddlers in Kute Rayang Village, Central Aceh, Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional observational design with a sample of 100 toddlers aged 24 months who were selected at simple random. Data was collected through interviews, observation, and physical examination. Data analysis was carried out using Chi-square and T-test. The results showed that midwifery care in observing the health of 24-month-old toddlers in Kute Rayang Village, Central Aceh, Indonesia was quite effective. As many as 80% of toddlers have undergone complete health observation by midwives. Observation of toddler health has increased complete immunization coverage (p&lt;0.05), nutritional status of toddlers (p&lt;0.05), and maternal knowledge about toddler health (p&lt;0.05). Midwifery care in health observations for 24-month-old toddlers in Kute Rayang Village, Central Aceh, Indonesia is quite effective, but can still be improved. Increasing the effectiveness of midwifery care can be done through various efforts, including increasing the knowledge and skills of midwives, increasing community access to health services, and increasing community participation in maintaining the health of toddlers.

MOTHER’S CHARTCTERISTICS THAT AFFECT COMPLETENESS OF BASIC IMMUNIZATION OF TODDLERS AT MARYKE HEALTH CENTER LANGKAT DISTRICT

One effort to reduce morbidity and mortality rates in children is by providing immunizations. Immunization is an effective and efficient strategy in improving national health by preventing six deadly diseases, namely: tuberculosis, diptheria, pertussis, measles, tetanus and polio. Based on a preliminary survey observing several posyandu in the Bayu Muslimin country, data was obtained that 68% of babies received complete basic immunization compared to the national target of 95%. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge and attitudes and compliance with providing complete basic immunization to babies at the Maryke Community Health Center. The research design is descriptive correlative with a cross sectional study approach. The population in this study were all mothers who had babies aged 0-12 months. Sampling in this study used total sampling. The sample in this research was 40 people. The Chi-Square test results obtained a value of p = 0.001. This shows that there is a significant relationship between maternal knowledge and compliance with providing complete basic immunization to babies. As well as the Chi-Square test, the value of p = 0.000 was obtained, which shows that there is a significant relationship between attitude and maternal compliance in providing complete basic immunization for babies

Ammodaucus Leucotrichus Seed Extract as a Potential Therapy in Animal Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis Induced by Complete Freund Adjuvant and Chicken Cartilage Collagen.

This study assessed the efficacy of an Ammodaucus leucotrichus seed extract to treat rheumatoid arthritis in rat models of this disease. Rheumatoid arthritis was induced in rats using two methods: immunization with 100 µL of Complete Freund Adjuvant (CFA) and immunization with 100 µL of a 3mg/ml solution of type II collagen (CII) from chicken cartilage. The therapeutic potential of the extract was assessed at different doses (150, 300, and 600mg/kg/day for 21 days in the CII-induced arthritis model and for 14 days in the CFA-induced arthritis model) and compared with methotrexate (MTX; 0.2mg/kg for the same periods), a commonly used drug for rheumatoid arthritis treatment in humans. In both models (CII-induced arthritis and CFA-induced arthritis), walking distance, step length, intra-step distance and footprint area were improved following treatment with the A. leucotrichus seed extract (all concentrations) and MTX compared with untreated animals. Both treatments increased the serum concentration of glutathione and reduced that of complement C3, malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase. Radiographic data and histological analysis indicated that cartilage destruction was reduced already with the lowest dose of the extract (100mg/kg/dose) in both models. These results show the substantial antiarthritic potential of the A. leucotrichus seed extract, even at the lowest dose, suggesting that it may be a promising alternative therapy for rheumatoid arthritis and joint inflammation. They also emphasize its efficacy at various doses, providing impetus for more research on this extract as a potential therapeutic agent for arthritis.

Factors impacting decreased basic immunization coverage in infants

Background: The data reveal a consistent decrease in the overall immunization coverage for babies in Kota Pariaman over a span of four years. Specifically, the coverage rates were recorded as 81.8% in 2018, 78.6% in 2019, 55.7% in 2020, and 66.7% in 2021. Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify the factors that contribute to the decrease in the achievement of complete basic immunization among children in Kota Pariaman. Methods: The present study used the quantitative research method with a cross-sectional design. The study sample comprised of mothers with infants aged 12 months residing in Pariaman City. A purposive sampling method was employed to choose a total of 154 participants. The research was carried out between March 2022 and October 2022. Univariate analysis describes variable frequency, bivariate examines relationships using chi-square (p&lt;0.05) and multivariate employs logistic regression, identifying influential variables. Results: Key findings include a lack of knowledge (40.3%), non-supportive attitudes of mothers (56.5%), mistrust by mothers (42.9%), limited access to health resources (52.6%), and inadequate family support (48.1%). There was significant support from healthcare workers (94.2%) and moderate backing from community leaders (56.5%). Significantly, a noteworthy association was observed between knowledge (p &lt; 0.05), attitudes (p &lt; 0.05), and family support (p &lt; 0.05), and the successful attainment of fundamental vaccinations. Conclusions: Factors leading to the decreased rate of complete basic immunization for infants in Kota Pariaman include attitude, family support, and knowledge. As a remedy, local governments and health workers are urged to proactively provide health education on the significance of full basic immunization for infants. This preventive measure is paramount in safeguarding against severe acute illnesses, benefiting both the child and the broader community

FACTORS RELATED TO THE INCIDENCE OF MEASLES IN CHILDREN AGED 12 – 59 MONTHS IN THE WORKING AREA OF THE TIRTAYASA HEALTH CENTER, SERANG REGENCY IN 2023

This thesis aims to determine the factors related to the incidence of measles in the working area of the Tirtayasa Health Center, Serang Regency in 2023. The variables used consisted of independent variables consisting of: child factors (gender, measles immunization status, nutritional status, complete basic immunization status, status of high-dose vitamin A supplements), maternal factors (education level, level of knowledge, employment status, attitude), father factors (education level, employment status), environmental factors (occupancy density, house ventilation) and economic socialization factors (family income). The sample was mothers who had children aged 12 months to 59 months as many as 100 people and data was collected by distributing questionnaires. The results showed factors that were not associated with the incidence of measles: the sex of the child with a Pvalue of 0.427, the status of high-dose vitamin A supplementation with a Pvalue of 0.982, the employment status of the mother with a Pvalue of 0.950, and the employment status of the father with a Pvalue of 0.878. While the factors that are significantly related to the1 incidence of measles include: measles immunization status with Pvalue 0.000, nutritional status with Pvalue 0.026, maternal education level with Pvalue 0.000, maternal knowledge level with Pvalue 0.017, maternal attitude with Pvalue 0.006, father's education level towards with a Pvalue of 0.044, a density of a house with a Pvalue of 0.02, home ventilation with a Pvalue of 0.035 and family income against the incidence of measles Pvalue of 0.001. In accordance with the results of the study, the researchers' suggestions are: puskesmas officers to increase counseling, puskesmas to collaborate with other parties to improve the living environment and explore other variables for further researchers.