Complete Catalogue Research Articles

Matching Signature Whistles with Photo-Identification of Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) in the Fremantle Inner Harbour, Western Australia

The Swan–Canning River System is home to an Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) community of currently 17 adult and juvenile individuals. While a complete photo-identification catalogue exists, visual monitoring requires repeated boat-based surveys and is thus laborious and expensive. Bottlenose dolphins are known to emit individually distinctive signature whistles, and therefore, passive acoustic monitoring could be a reliable and more efficient tool. Archived acoustic and photographic data from the Fremantle Inner Harbour were reviewed for instances when dolphin whistles and individual identifying images were simultaneously available. As dolphin whistles are commonly used in social encounters, dolphins producing whistles in this study were always in groups. Consequently, to assess whether distinctive whistles could be attributed to individual dolphins, conditional probabilities for recording a specific whistle in the presence of certain individuals, as well as Bayesian posterior probabilities for encountering a specific individual at times of certain whistles were computed. While a larger sample size is needed to capture all individuals in diverse groupings, this study provides the first step in developing a passive acoustic program for monitoring this small dolphin community, in order to ultimately inform its conservation management.

On the Statistical Significance of Foreshock Sequences in Southern California

AbstractEarthquake foreshocks may provide information that is critical to short‐term earthquake forecasting. However, foreshocks are far from ubiquitously observed, which makes the interpretation of ongoing seismic sequences problematic. Based on a statistical analysis, Trugman and Ross (2019, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL083725) suggested that as much as 72% of all mainshocks in Southern California is preceded by foreshock sequences. In this study, we reassess the analysis of Trugman and Ross (2019, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL083725), and we evaluate the impact of the assumptions made by these authors. Using an alternative statistical approach, we find that only 15 out of 46 mainshocks (33%) are preceded by significantly elevated seismicity rates. When accounting for temporal fluctuations in the background seismicity, only 18% of the analyzed foreshock sequences remain unexplained by the background seismicity. These results imply that even in a highly complete earthquake catalog, the majority of earthquakes do not exhibit detectable foreshock sequences.

A complete catalogue of dusty supernova remnants in the Galactic plane

ABSTRACT We search for far-infrared (FIR) counterparts of known supernova remnants (SNRs) in the Galactic plane (360° in longitude and $b = \pm \, 1^{\circ }$) at 70–500 μm with Herschel. We detect dust signatures in 39 SNRs out of 190, made up of 13 core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe), including 4 Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe), and 2 Type Ia SNe. A further 24 FIR detected SNRs have unknown types. We confirm the FIR detection of ejecta dust within G350.1−0.3, adding to the known sample of ∼ 10 SNRs containing ejecta dust. We discover dust features at the location of a radio core at the centre of G351.2+0.1, indicating FIR emission coincident with a possible Crab-like compact object, with dust temperature and mass of Td = 45.8 K and Md = 0.18 M⊙, similar to the PWN G54.1+0.3. We show that the detection rate is higher among young SNRs. We produce dust temperature maps of 11 SNRs and mass maps of those with distance estimates, finding dust at temperatures $15\, \lesssim \, T_d\, \lesssim \, 40$ K. If the dust is heated by shock interactions the shocked gas must be relatively cool and/or have a low density to explain the observed low grain temperatures.

Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment for the Shanxi Rift System, North China

ABSTRACTWe present the first probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) specifically for the Shanxi rift system, north China, which has been defined as one of the areas of highest seismic hazard and risk in China in recent decades. We applied a Monte Carlo-based approach to PSHA, based on so far the most complete earthquake catalog available, a detailed zonation considering both seismicity distribution and local tectonic features, a logic tree of carefully selected ground-motion prediction equations, as well as a cautious consideration of actual local site effects for this region. Both areal sources (for Ms<6.0) and fault sources (for Ms≥6.0) were considered, and a synthetic earthquake catalog was generated through Monte Carlo simulation. A logic tree was applied to represent the epistemic uncertainty related to attenuation models for the rift system. Actual local site effects were incorporated and the stability of the results was also tested in this study. Our results show that nearly the entire rift system faces a significant seismic hazard and associated high seismic risk, as more than 80% of the population and the main economical infrastructure of Shanxi are concentrated here. The highest hazard is found in the areas around the north margin of Tianzhen fault and the north segment of Hengshan fault in the north, and in the Linfen basin and the area around Zhongtiaoshan fault in the south of the rift system. Our results are comparable to, but a refinement of, the results of previous probabilistic seismic hazard studies in the region. Deaggregation of seismic hazard for five large cities in the rift system indicates that the seismic hazard is most contributed by the nearby sources. Results obtained in this study provide a better understanding of the seismic hazard in the Shanxi rift system and can thereby help guiding earthquake risk mitigation in the future.

An annotated type catalogue of amphibians and reptiles collected by Nikolay A. Zarudny in Iran and Middle Asia.

A complete catalogue is provided for the type specimens of amphibians and reptiles collected by Nikolay A. Zarudny and stored mostly in the herpetological collection of the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia (ZISP), as of August 2018. The collection contains 270 type specimens, representing 51 taxa (species and/or subspecies) of one family of turtles, one amphisbaenia family, five lizard families and four snake families from 74 type localities. As a result of studying Zarudny's collections, mainly from Iran, was the description by A. M. Nikolsky of two new genera, Microgecko and Diplometopon, and 42 species and subspecies (varieties). Twenty-two of these taxa are regarded currently as valid.

Nuevas fuentes para la poesía de Pedro de Gracia Dei

Con el objetivo de realizar un catálogo completo de las fuentes poéticas de Pedro de Gracia Dei, este trabajo ofrece el estudio material y textual de cuatro testimonios que no recogen los principales repertorios dedicados a la indexación de fuentes y textos castellanos medievales. Ello nos permite, por tanto, ampliar los materiales que presentan esos catálogos, al mismo tiempo que avanzamos en el conocimiento de la obra en verso de este autor. Se trata de cuatro fuentes manuscritas de naturaleza y contenido muy diverso, que añaden nuevos datos para la obra poética de Gracia Dei y evidencian el complejo proceso de transmisión textual en el que se inserta.

Records of Auroras in Arabic Historical Sources: Additional List and Preliminary Analysis

Few studies have collected and analyzed the astronomical events recorded in Arabic literature. In this paper, we present some additional events reported in four Arabic historical sources that could be classified as an aurora. These observations occurred from 9th to 20th century and cover a large geographic area: North Africa, Arabian-Peninsula and Middle-East. Some of them were observed at very low geomagnetic latitude, such as the event seen in Yemen in AD 1919 that can be considered as one of the lowest latitude auroras ever documented by Arabic scholars. In the same Yemenite source, the author describes a twilight phenomenon of 1883 October 03–November 01 which can be considered as an atmospheric-optical phenomenon arising from the major explosive eruptions of Krakatoa in 1883 August 26–27. We also noticed that one of the events which was seen for 7 days coincide probably with the prolonged manifestation of auroras of 1870 September 24–25. Including published records, we compiled a so far most complete catalog of potential auroral candidates in the Arabic sources. This data set can be used in order to study the solar activity variations and magnetic storms in the historical past. One of the interesting auroras was seen in Mecca ($\sim17^{\circ}$ MLAT) in 1872 February 04. This event is further evidence for the equatorward extension of auroral display and the planetary consequences of the great geomagnetic storm of 1872. Finally, it should be underlined that no aurora observations were recorded during the Maunder minimum (MM).

Janet Mullarney, Catherine Marshall, Mary Ryder (eds.)

Catherine Marshall and Mary Ryder’s book on Janet Mullarney (b. 1952, Dublin) aims at archiving the artist’s work over more than fifty years, from 1962 to 2018. It features essays by famous art historians, brief texts from friends of the artist as well as architects she has worked with, a complete catalogue of her works (p. 162-213) and a biography / select bibliography (p. 214-220). The numerous colour plates allow the readers to get a precise idea of the evolution of the artist’s work and b...

Comparison of Phylogenetic Tree Topologies for Nitrogen Associated Genes Partially Reconstruct the Evolutionary History of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Massive sequencing projects executed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have revealed in detail its population structure. The recent “1002 yeast genomes project” has become the most complete catalogue of yeast genetic diversity and a powerful resource to analyse the evolutionary history of genes affecting specific phenotypes. In this work, we selected 22 nitrogen associated genes and analysed the sequence information from the 1011 strains of the “1002 yeast genomes project”. We constructed a total evidence (TE) phylogenetic tree using concatenated information, which showed a 27% topology similarity with the reference (REF) tree of the “1002 yeast genomes project”. We also generated individual phylogenetic trees for each gene and compared their topologies, identifying genes with similar topologies (suggesting a shared evolutionary history). Furthermore, we pruned the constructed phylogenetic trees to compare the REF tree topology versus the TE tree and the individual genes trees, considering each phylogenetic cluster/subcluster within the population, observing genes with cluster/subcluster topologies of high similarity to the REF tree. Finally, we used the pruned versions of the phylogenetic trees to compare four strains considered as representatives of S. cerevisiae clean lineages, observing for 15 genes that its cluster topologies match 100% the REF tree, supporting that these strains represent main lineages of yeast population. Altogether, our results showed the potential of tree topologies comparison for exploring the evolutionary history of a specific group of genes.

Genome Assemblies of Two Rare Opportunistic Yeast Pathogens: Diutina rugosa (syn. Candida rugosa) and Trichomonascus ciferrii (syn. Candida ciferrii).

Infections caused by opportunistic yeast pathogens have increased over the last years. These infections can be originated by a large number of diverse yeast species of varying incidence, and with distinct clinically relevant phenotypic traits, such as different susceptibility profiles to antifungal drugs, which challenge diagnosis and treatment. Diutina rugosa (syn. Candida rugosa) and Trichomonascus ciferrii (syn. Candida ciferrii) are two opportunistic rare yeast pathogens, which low incidence (< 1%) limits available clinical experience. Furthermore, these yeasts have elevated Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) levels to at least one class of antifungal agents. This makes it more difficult to manage their infections, and thus they are associated with high rates of mortality and clinical failure. With the aim of improving our knowledge on these opportunistic pathogens, we assembled and annotated their genomes. A phylogenomics approach revealed that genes specifically duplicated in each of the two species are often involved in transmembrane transport activities. These genomes and the reconstructed complete catalog of gene phylogenies and homology relationships constitute useful resources for future studies on these pathogens.

Annotated catalogue of type specimens of flatfishes (Osteichthyes: Pleuronectiformes) in the Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia.

A complete catalogue is provided for the type specimens of flatfishes curated in the ichthyological collection of the Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg. The collection contains a total of 138 type specimens, representing 25 species and one subspecies of eight different flatfish families. The catalogue includes: photographs of type specimens, radiographs of holotypes or largest syntypes, number of specimens, original sampling data (locality, coordinates, depth, collection date and collector), and select morphometric characters for each specimen.

Stellar populations of galaxies in the ALHAMBRA survey up toz ∼ 1

Aims.We aim at constraining the stellar population properties of quiescent galaxies. These properties reveal how these galaxies evolved and assembled sincez ∼ 1 up to the present time.Methods.Combining the ALHAMBRA multi-filter photo-spectra with the fitting code for spectral energy distribution MUFFIT (MUlti-Filter FITting), we built a complete catalogue of quiescent galaxies via the dust-corrected stellar mass vs. colour diagram. This catalogue includes stellar population properties, such as age, metallicity, extinction, stellar mass, and photometric redshift, retrieved from the analysis of composited populations based on two independent sets of simple stellar population (SSP) models. We developed and applied a novel methodology to provide, for the first time, the analytic probability distribution functions (PDFs) of mass-weighted age, metallicity, and extinction of quiescent galaxies as a function of redshift and stellar mass. We adopted different star formation histories to discard potential systematics in the analysis.Results.The number density of quiescent galaxies is found to increase sincez ∼ 1, with a more substantial variation at lower stellar mass. Quiescent galaxies feature extinctionAV &lt; 0.6, with median values in the rangeAV = 0.15–0.3. At increasing stellar mass, quiescent galaxies are older and more metal rich sincez ∼ 1. A detailed analysis of the PDFs reveals that the evolution of quiescent galaxies is not compatible with passive evolution and a slight decrease of 0.1–0.2 dex is hinted at median metallicity. The intrinsic dispersion of the age and metallicity PDFs show a dependence on stellar mass and/or redshift. These results are consistent with both sets of SSP models and assumptions of alternative star formation histories explored. Consequently, the quiescent population must undergo an evolutive pathway including mergers and/or remnants of star formation to reconcile the observed trends, where the “progenitor” bias should also be taken into account.

Pangenome of Acinetobacter baumannii uncovers two groups of genomes, one of them with genes involved in CRISPR/Cas defence systems associated with the absence of plasmids and exclusive genes for biofilm formation.

Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic bacterium that causes hospital-acquired infections with a high mortality and morbidity, since there are strains resistant to virtually any kind of antibiotic. The chase to find novel strategies to fight against this microbe can be favoured by knowledge of the complete catalogue of genes of the species, and their relationship with the specific characteristics of different isolates. In this work, we performed a genomics analysis of almost 2500 strains. Two different groups of genomes were found based on the number of shared genes. One of these groups rarely has plasmids, and bears clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) sequences, in addition to CRISPR-associated genes (cas genes) or restriction-modification system genes. This fact strongly supports the lack of plasmids. Furthermore, the scarce plasmids in this group also bear CRISPR sequences, and specifically contain genes involved in prokaryotic toxin–antitoxin systems that could either act as the still little known CRISPR type IV system or be the precursors of other novel CRISPR/Cas systems. In addition, a limited set of strains present a new cas9-like gene, which may complement the other cas genes in inhibiting the entrance of new plasmids into the bacteria. Finally, this group has exclusive genes involved in biofilm formation, which would connect CRISPR systems to the biogenesis of these bacterial resistance structures.

Genetics and ESKD Disparities in African Americans

African Americans have a 2- to 4-fold greater incidence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) than whites, which has long raised the possibility of a genetic cause for this disparity. Recent advances in genetic studies have shown a causal association of polymorphisms at the apolipoprotein L1 gene (APOL1) with the markedly increased risk for the nondiabetic component of the overall disparity in ESKD in African Americans. Although APOL1-associated kidney disease is thought to account for a substantial proportion of ESKD in African Americans, not all the increased risk for ESKD is accounted for, and a complete cataloging of disparities in genetic causes of ESKD eludes our current understanding of genetic-associated kidney disease. Genetic testing aids the screening, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of diseases with a genetic basis. Widespread use of genetic testing in clinical practice is limited by the small number of actionable genetic variants, limited health literacy of providers and patients, and underlying complex ethical, legal, and social issues. This perspective reviews racial and ethnic differences associated with genetic diseases and the development of ESKD in African Americans and discusses potential uncertainties associated with our current understanding of penetrance of genetically linked kidney disease and population-attributable risk percent.

Seismicity around Sunda strait and its surroundings based on hypocenter relocation using 3-D velocity: a preliminary result of relocated hypocenter database construction from the BMKG catalog

The relocated hypocenters are very important to study advanced tectonic in one area. The Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (BMKG) provides a complete earthquake catalog consisting of hypocenter parameter and seismic wave arrival times of P and S phases or only P phase in every seismic station. This study uses the BMKG earthquake catalog from April 2009 to December 2018, in which the earthquakes were recorded by BMKG and international seismic networks. The hypocenters from the BMKG catalog are relocated using a 3-D regional velocity model and applying the teletomoDD method for hypocenter relocation. The results succeed in detecting many tectonic features in Indonesia. The study result will be useful to provide a precise hypocenter for earth scientists around the world who is interesting in a tectonic study in Indonesia. Some tectonic features which are interesting exist in Sunda Strait and its surrounding. The complex structure in Sunda Strait causes the area having high seismic activities. The results show seismic activities in three regions are delineated well. The first seismic region relates to the subduction zone. There is low seismic activity in the Wadati-Benioff zone from 70-120 km. This result is a little different from the previous study. The different result is most likely caused by the use of data and methods that are not the same. The second seismic region associates with graben fault. The last or third seismic region exists beneath Anak Krakatau Volcano relating to the magmatic activity. The last two seismic regions are detected clearly because there are no more fix depths at a depth 10 km after hypocenter relocation.

The Catalogues of Textbooks for Secondary Schools of the Ministry of Public Education: On the Issue of Their Introduction (1830s – 1860s)

The article is devoted to the study of the prerequisites and historical context of the emergence of a special type of official documentation of the Ministry of Public Education of the Russian Empire — catalogues of textbooks for secondary schools. The lists of study guides and manuals approved by the Ministry have become an important control instrument of the teaching of school subjects. Their content and structure were drawn up gradually from about the 1830s. An important stage in the process of reviewing and cataloging textbooks has been reached in 1865, when the first complete catalogue appeared, based on new rules.

WESTERWALD STONEWARE AT KELMSCOTT MANOR: MORRIS, POTTERY AND THE POLITICS OF PRODUCTION

Kelmscott Manor, the country home of William Morris, houses a remarkable collection of ceramics bearing a singular relationship to one of the most influential figures in Victorian cultural history. This study of Kelmscott’s collection of German stoneware reveals new interpretations of its production history and fascinating insights into its significance for the cultural context of Morris’s work. Based on a complete catalogue, the paper examines the ensemble of approximately thirty pieces of eighteenth- to nineteenth-century Westerwald stoneware, orgrès de Flandres, as it was known to Morris and his contemporaries. The Kelmscott group is the largest collection of this material known from an English historic house and has a composite and well-documented provenance. Supplementary material provided as an online appendix contains a fully illustrated, descriptive catalogue.Westerwald pottery of the seventeenth century and earlier has been extensively studied, but its ceramics of the late eighteenth to nineteenth centuries have received little attention. Most accounts stress the simplification of vessel forms and ‘degeneration’ of decorative designs during this period, leading towards mass-productionc1900. This paper re-assesses later Westerwald output, drawing attention to a vernacular pottery tradition of significant interest in its own right. This paper suggests that it was this continuing tradition of vernacular production and its naturalistic, decorative schemes that attracted the interest of Morris throughout his adult life, from the Red House experiment to the heyday of Morris &amp; Co. Examining his writing on creativity, the minor arts and labour, the paper interpretsgrès de Flandresas an expression of Morris’s idealisation of the relationship between labour and craft production.

Catalog for the ESPRESSO blind radial velocity exoplanet survey

Aims.One of the main scientific drivers for ESPRESSO, Échelle SPectrograph, is the detection and characterization of Earth-class exoplanets. With this goal in mind, the ESPRESSO guaranteed time observations (GTO) Catalog identifies the best target stars for a blind search for the radial velocity (RV) signals caused by Earth-class exoplanets.Methods.Using the most complete stellar catalogs available, we screened for the most suitable G, K, and M dwarf stars for the detection of Earth-class exoplanets with ESPRESSO. For most of the stars, we then gathered high-resolution spectra from new observations or from archival data. We used these spectra to spectroscopically investigate the existence of any stellar binaries, both bound or background stars. We derived the activity level using chromospheric activity indexes using log (R′HK), as well as the projected rotational velocityvsini. For the cases where planet companions are already known, we also looked at the possibility that additional planets may exist in the host’s habitable zone using dynamical arguments.Results.We estimated the spectroscopic contamination level,vsini, activity, stellar parameters and chemical abundances for 249 of the most promising targets. Using these data, we selected 45 stars that match our criteria for detectability of a planet like Earth. The stars presented and discussed in this paper constitute the ESPRESSO GTO catalog for the RV blind search for Earth-class planets. They can also be used for any other work requiring a detailed spectroscopic characterization of stars in the solar neighborhood.

Periodic Ellipsoidal Billiard Trajectories and Extremal Polynomials

A comprehensive study of periodic trajectories of billiards within ellipsoids in $d$-dimensional Euclidean space is presented. The novelty of the approach is based on a relationship established between periodic billiard trajectories and extremal polynomials on the systems of $d$ intervals on the real line. By leveraging deep, but yet not widely known results of the Krein-Levin-Nudelman theory of generalized Chebyshev polynomials, fundamental properties of billiard dynamics are proven for any $d$, viz., that the sequences of winding numbers are monotonic. By employing the potential theory we prove the injectivity of the frequency map. As a byproduct, for $d=2$ a new proof of the monotonicity of the rotation number is obtained. The case study of trajectories of small periods $T$, $d\le T\le 2d$ is given. In particular, it is proven that all $d$-periodic trajectories are contained in a coordinate-hyperplane and that for a given ellipsoid, there is a unique set of caustics which generates $d+1$-periodic trajectories. A complete catalog of billiard trajectories with small periods is provided for $d=3$.

Pervasive Foreshock Activity Across Southern California

AbstractForeshocks have been documented as preceding less than half of all mainshock earthquakes. These observations are difficult to reconcile with laboratory earthquake experiments and theoretical models of earthquake nucleation, which both suggest that foreshock activity should be nearly ubiquitous. Here we use a state‐of‐the‐art, high‐resolution earthquake catalog to study foreshock sequences of magnitude M4 and greater mainshocks in southern California from 2008–2017. This highly complete catalog provides a new opportunity to examine smaller magnitude precursory seismicity. Seventy‐two percent of mainshocks within this catalog are preceded by foreshock activity that is significantly elevated compared to the local background seismicity rate. Foreshock sequences vary in duration from several days to weeks, with a median of 16.6 days. The results suggest that foreshock occurrence in nature is more prevalent than previously thought and that our understanding of earthquake nucleation may improve in tandem with advances in our ability to detect small earthquakes.