Complementary Relation Research Articles

Strong semantic biases make demonstrative pronouns act like personal pronouns

Anaphoric demonstrative pronouns (d-pronouns), which are found in some languages in addition to the more common personal pronouns (p-pronouns), provide an interesting test case for theories of pronoun resolution. With regard to structural factors (e.g., syntactic function, linear position, topichood), d-pronouns have been found to stand in complementary relation to p-pronouns. Whereas the latter prefer structurally prominent antecedents, the former prefer structurally non-prominent antecedents. In contrast to structural factors, semantic factors (e.g., implicit causality and consequentiality) have been intensively explored for p-pronouns but not for d-pronouns. In particular, it is an open question whether semantic biases can override structural biases in the case of d-pronouns in the same way as it has been shown for p-pronouns. We have addressed this question in three sentence completion experiments and one acceptability experiment that investigated German p- and d-pronouns. Semantic bias was manipulated by including causal and consequential discourse markers in the interpretation experiments. The production experiments used questions to elicit continuations expressing causes and consequences. The results show that the semantic factor of coherence influences p- and d-pronouns in similar ways. Based on our experimental results, we show that the Bayesian Theory of Pronoun Resolution (Kehler et al. 2008), which captures the relationship between pronoun interpretation and pronoun production in a quantitative way, provides a good fit of observed and predicted values for both p- and d-pronouns.

A qualitative investigation of infusing products with service via strategic alliances among SMEs: a case of servitization

This study aims to understand the role of strategic alliances in successful SME servitization. A qualitative approach was adopted, elaborating a script for semi-structured interviews to be applied to some SMEs. Based on content analysis and using NVivo software, it is concluded that servitization and alliances are two strategies that are connected, with a complementary relation, through the share of resources and knowledge, creating competitive advantages and adding value to business models, while also improving the final client’s experience. This study intends to contribute more insights to provide SME owners–managers with the results of combining the two strategies analysed here.

Wave-particle duality of light appearing in an intensity interferometric scenario.

A single photon exhibits wave-particle duality in the Young's double-slit interferometer. The duality characterized by an interference visibility and a which-path information has trade-off relation known as complementarity. These quantities are related to the first-order coherence, and the interference is based on the phase correlation between lights coming from two arms. However according to quantum optics theory, such a simple wave-particle picture is not enough to understand the nature because the theory showed an importance of higher-order coherence in the sense of both interference and statistical distribution of photons. Second-order intensity correlation is especially crucial to reveal distinctive quantum features of photons with no classical analogue. Here, in an intensity interferometric scenario as represented by the Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer, we discuss a wave-particle duality of light based on a which-path information and a quantity characterizing a magnitude of the intensity interferometric effect. We show, for classical light, the two quantities obey the complementary principle similar to the case of the double-slit experiment, but do not for nonclassical light. The nonclassical light such as photons at two arms is allowed to show larger which-path information and intensity interference simultaneously beyond the complementary relation. Moreover, the violation reveals a new nonclassical nature of light although both of the above two quantities seem to be understandable classically, which is never found from a consideration of only one side of wave-particle duality.

A complementary resource relation of concurrence and roughness for a two-qubit state

Quantum resources lie at the core of quantum computation as they are responsible for the computational advantage in many tasks. The complementary relations are a pathway to understanding how the physical quantities are related. This work presents a complementary relationship between the quantumness of a two qubits state and the degree of entanglement, respectively measured by roughness and concurrence. There is a finite R2 region that can be used to characterize the two qubits subspace. Heat maps for accumulation points over the surfaces of pure and non-pure randomly sampled states are presented, also an investigation of a decoherence process using a bath under zero and non-zero temperature is performed using the roughness versus concurrence parameter space.

Official discretion, errors, and oversights: legal bureaucracy and the question of justice in twentieth-century India

AbstractLate colonial juridical practice in India was prone to bureaucratic errors and shared with the police a fundamental disinterest in the liberty of ordinary people. This article tells the politically marginal but highly revealing story of how a series of errors during the arrest and subsequent detention of an elderly man called Peter Budge—an innocent bystander in a situation of heightened communal tensions—led to a momentary scandal in the United Provinces administration in the year 1947–48. Peter's case disappeared between the cracks of bad record-keeping, leading to his lengthy and unlawful detention. It raises important questions about the complementary relation between law and violence, and the fictitious nature of public-order laws. In contrast to the scholarship that has discussed the spectacular violence of the state, this article looks at the ‘other’ acts of violence of the state and argues that the everyday reality of public-order enforcement is key to understanding the nature and operations of the late colonial and post-colonial state.

Quasi-deterministic 5' -> 3' Watson-Crick Automata

Watson-Crick (WK) finite automata are working on a Watson-Crick tape, that is, on a DNA molecule. A double stranded DNA molecule contains two strands, each having a 5' and a 3' end, and these two strands together form the molecule with the following properties. The strands have the same length, their 5' to 3' directions are opposite, and in each position, the two strands have nucleotides that are complement of each other (by the Watson-Crick complementary relation). Consequently, WK automata have two reading heads, one for each strand. In traditional WK automata both heads read the whole input in the same physical direction, but in 5'->3' WK automata the heads start from the two extremes and read the input in opposite direction. In sensing 5'->3' WK automata, the process on the input is finished when the heads meet, and the model is capable to accept the class of linear context-free languages. Deterministic variants are weaker, the class named 2detLIN, a proper subclass of linear languages is accepted by them. Recently, another specific variants, the state-deterministic sensing 5'->3' WK automata are investigated in which the graph of the automaton has the special property that for each node of the graph, all out edges (if any) go to a sole node, i.e., for each state there is (at most) one state that can be reached by a direct transition. It was shown that this concept is somewhat orthogonal to the usual concept of determinism in case of sensing 5'->3' WK automata. In this paper a new concept, the quasi-determinism is investigated, that is in each configuration of a computation (if it is not finished yet), the next state is uniquely determined although the next configuration may not be, in case various transitions are enabled at the same time. We show that this new concept is a common generalisation of the usual determinism and the state-determinism, i.e., the class of quasi-deterministic sensing 5'->3' WK automata is a superclass of both of the mentioned other classes. There are various usual restrictions on WK automata, e.g., stateless or 1-limited variants. We also prove some hierarchy results among language classes accepted by various subclasses of quasi-deterministic sensing 5'->3' WK automata and also some other already known language classes.

The Complementary Relation between the Aesthetics Practices in Mahayana Buddhism and Aesthetic Judgment of Kant - From the Perspective of Comparative Philosophy -

The Complementary Relation between the Aesthetics Practices in Mahayana Buddhism and Aesthetic Judgment of Kant - From the Perspective of Comparative Philosophy - 의 이용 수, 등재여부, 발행기관, 저자, 초록, 목차, 참고문헌 등 논문에 관한 다양한 정보 및 관련논문 목록과 논문의 분야별 BEST, NEW 논문 목록을 확인 하실 수 있습니다.

Enhanced entanglement and quantum steering of directly and indirectly coupled modes in a magnomechanical system

This study is based on a theoretical proposal for quantum steering, non-locality, and entanglement in a two microwave cavities based magnomechanical system. The system is composed of two microwave (MW) cavity mode photons, phonons associated with mechanical mode and a magnon mode. We have employed a standard damping approach and found that steerability and entanglements among different bipartite subsystems strongly depend upon the detuning of indirectly coupled cavity mode and effective magnon detuning. One/two-way quantum Steering and non-local correlation have been found in the system for different choices of bipartitions. In addition, entanglement generated in the system enhances and has shown to be more robust against the thermal effects, as compared with the earlier studies. Interestingly, we have shown that the magnomechanical entanglements among different bipartitions have a complementary relation due to the transfer entanglement. This shows an additional insight into the system dynamics which shows that there exists a ‘tie-up’ relationship among these bipartitions. The present magnomechanical system will open new perspectives in quantum tasks that demand the entanglement of microwave cavity fields.

2D-VMD Embedded Fusion of Infrared Polarization and Intensity Images Using Muitiple-Algorithms Based on Their Complementary Relation

2D-VMD Embedded Fusion of Infrared Polarization and Intensity Images Using Muitiple-Algorithms Based on Their Complementary Relation

MMSNet: Multi-modal scene recognition using multi-scale encoded features

Utilizing multi-level features has been proven to improve RGB-D scene recognition performance. However, simply fusing features after conducting RGB and depth data separately may not satisfy multi-modal integrity. In this work, we propose an effective multi-modal RGB-D scene recognition model that integrates global or local multi-scale/multi-semantic features. The proposed approach is built on two key components. In the first stage, multiple random recursive neural networks (RNNs) are employed on a baseline CNN model to obtain multi-scale encoded features from multi-level feature hierarchy. In the second stage, multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs) learn global/local features at multiple levels while encouraging the correlation of multi-modal mutual features. Our learning design is based on the insight that correlated multi-modal features provide the complementary relation between the two modalities that promotes better performance of RGB-D scene recognition. In addition, the network is trained using a decisive fusion based on modality prediction confidence weights to yield RGB-D multi-modal recognition. Experiments on three RGB-D scene datasets verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach by achieving superior or highly competitive results compared to other state-of-the-art counterpart methods. Evaluation code and models are available at https://github.com/acaglayan/MMSNet.

Triple Pseudo-Siamese network with hybrid attention mechanism for welding defect detection

Most of the existing methods neglect their complementary relation and only use welding pool images to detect welding defects. Therefore, a new triple pseudo-siamese network to improve identification performance using their complementarity is proposed in this paper. The network consists of three branches that extract the effective features of welding pool image, sound, current and voltage, respectively. Moreover, we employ a convolutional block attention module (CBAM) and propose cross-modal attention (CMA) to focus on the vitalregions of the welding pool image. To train our model, the experimental setup was first designed. Then, it was deployed in an actual body production workshop of high-speed train to collect welding pool images, as well as sound and current and voltage data. Hence, a new dataset for detecting welding defects is presented. Experimental results on the dataset indicate that the proposed model can effectively detect different defects and actions. Furthermore, when the output of the shallow layer, the layer near the input layer, is fed into the CBAM and the output of the deep layer, the layer near the output layer, is fed into the CMA. In addition, they are highly complementary to each other.

Impact of dividend payouts and corporate social responsibility on firm value – Evidence from India

We study 115 Indian listed companies (ILCs) over the period 2009–2012. The study explicitly connects the Indian way of doing business with a broader mission of serving the community by arguing that dividend payout policy and signaling via voluntary CSR disclosures are strategic decisions made by the board of directors of ILCs to balance the interests of multiple stakeholders. The study finds that signaling via CSR disclosures and dividends are complementary means of managing this broader mission of stakeholder relations. The findings in the Indian context are similar to the study of European firms by De Villiers et al. (2020) in showing that managers use both CSR disclosure and dividends to signal sustainable future performance. Additionally, the results suggest that this complementary relation between dividends and CSR disclosures is particularly valued by institutional investors.

From experience to theory: Science recreation workshops as a practice-led approach in informal environments for science learning

Science recreation workshops (SRWs) create dynamic experiences in which participants discover, explore and understand natural phenomena. This serves as a unique and valuable means of the public communication of science and technology and informal science education activities, with the public at the centre of the process. To achieve this, SRWs integrate action and reflection not as a dichotomy, but as a complementary relation in which sensorial interaction is not a thoughtless process and mental activity is not disembodied. In this way, SRWs create virtuous cycles of meaningful learning. However, SRW practitioners thus far have not paid enough attention to the development of a theoretical foundation to support their strategies; they remain highly dependent on empirical experience and tacit knowledge. The little attention paid to the creation of a conceptual framework represents a critical barrier for reflection, discussion and, with them, the maturation of the SRW community. This work links a characterization of the SRW, built upon empirical experiences, to a variety of learning theories to identify an essential basis for discussion on the subject. Our objective is to complement the rich empirical tradition of the SRW with analytic elements intended to encourage discussion and promote—as tends to happen in activities with the public—virtuous cycles of theory and practice.

Complementary relation between tripartite entanglement and the maximum steering inequality violation

We investigate the relation between tripartite entanglement of the three-qubit system and the maximum steering inequality violation of the reduced two-qubit states. Firstly, it is found that a single parameter family of entangled three-qubit pure states have the maximum steering inequality violation among all of the three-qubit pure states for a fixed amount of tripartite entanglement. The tripartite entanglement is quantified by the genuinely multipartite concurrence, generalized geometric measure, and tangle. Subsequently, the complementary relation between tripartite entanglement and the maximum steering inequality violation for an arbitrary three-qubit pure state can be established. Particularly, the result also holds for three-qubit mixed states if the entanglement measure is tangle. The complementary relations indicate that the maximum steering inequality violation of the reduced two-qubit system is at the expense of tripartite entanglement.

From syntax to morphology

Abstract Noun-incorporation is a process of word-formation in which a nominal constituent is added to a verbal root, with the resulting construction being both a verb and a single word. The incorporated element may be the object of the verbal element; it may also denote agent, instrument, location, etc. Once incorporated the nominal constituent figures less prominently. The meaning of the resulting new word is more than the sum of its two constituents. This is the most nearly syntactic of all morphological processes that has morphological, semantic, syntactic, and discourse consequences (Mithun 1984: 847). By reference to relevant typological studies, this article describes the morphological, syntactic, and semantic features of noun-incorporation in Chinese within the framework of Systemic Functional Linguistics. It is found that the new verb may be intransitive or transitive and the two elements may occur continuously or discontinuously and they may swap their positions. This process may shed light on the complementary and continuous relation between lexis and grammar and the ergative nature of Chinese.

A new three-way multi-criteria decision-making method with fuzzy complementary preference relations based on additive consistency

The optimal selection, ranking and classification of objects are important aspects in the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. In this paper, we try to propose a three-way MCDM method with fuzzy complementary preference relation based on additive consistency to select the optimal object, rank objects and classify objects at the same time, which will help decision-makers better make decisions. Firstly, we give the fuzzy complementary judgment matrix based on additive consistency. Then, based on this matrix, we construct the concept of ξ-similarity class, and define a new relative loss function. Subsequently, we describe the detailed decision-making processes of the newly proposed three-way MCDM method. Further, through the trainer selection problem, we verify the feasibility of the method. Comparative analyses show that our method has stronger decision-making function than some existing methods. Experimental analyses show that our method is stable in ranking the considered objects and selecting the optimal object. Moreover, the proposed method can not only provide reasonable ranking decision suggestion for decision-makers, but also can meet the decision-makers’ preference in the classification decision.

Internal auditor’s role in ESG disclosure and assurance: An analysis of practical insights

Using survey data of 107 internal auditors, we provide empirical evidence about internal auditor’s role in environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure and assurance. So far, academics and practitioners have not agreed on the responsibilities of internal auditing in ESG matters. Our regression results give evidence for organizations’ and internal audit functions’ (IAFs) ESG maturity being associated with ESG reporting, while IAFs’ involvement in ESG shows a significant association with assurance of ESG reports. Our results support the notion that the environmental pillar is perceived as the core element of sustainability bearing the highest risk, therefore propelling the need for assurance. The imbalance between assurance and consulting activities on part of IAFs stresses the potential to position the IAF as a value-adding entity in a complementary relation towards external auditors. We further elaborate on IAFs’ non-involvement in ESG and demonstrate the respective lack of awareness on part of stakeholders. Our research provides valuable initial insights for internal audit practitioners in the field of ESG and implications for future research

Spectral–Spatial Correlation Exploration for Hyperspectral Image Classification via Self-Mutual Attention Network

Recently, deep learning methods have been widely used to extract spectral-spatial features for hyperspectral image (HSI) classification, and dramatically boost the performance. However, most of them usually take the original HSI cube as the input, where spectral-spatial information are mixed together. Consequently, they cannot explicitly model the inherent correlation (e.g., complementary relation) between spectral and spatial domains, limiting the classification performance. To alleviate this issue, a spectral-spatial self-mutual attention network (S3MANet) is proposed in this letter. It respectively extracts spectral and spatial features via the corresponding feature module. Subsequently, a self-mutual attention module is designed to enhance these features. More concretely, it performs feature interaction to emphasize the correlation of spectral and spatial domains via mutual attention while self attention is applied to each domain for learning long-range dependencies. Finally, we infer two classification results from the enhanced spectral and spatial features, and a weighted summation is further applied to obtain a joint spectral-spatial results. Experimental results on two public HSI datasets validate that the proposed S3MANet could achieve more satisfactory performance in comparison with several state-of-the-art methods.

Cross-modal Translation: A Study of English Subtitle Translation from the Perspective of Multimodal Interaction

Under the guidance of the Systemic-functional synthetic framework for multimodal discourse analysis, this paper collects multimodal corpus from the classical American TV show <i>Friends</i> and undertakes a thorough qualitative analysis of how cross-modal relations influence the Chinese translation of English subtitles. As is shown, in order to give Chinese viewers a better understanding of English subtitles in multimodal contexts, different translational approaches should be used for the translation of subtitles that are in different cross-modal relations, which are categorized into two general types, that is, complementary relation on the one hand and non-complementary relation on the other hand. The qualitative analysis in this paper finds that though strategies of translation that are appropriate to make use of in the process of English translation into Chinese include amplification, paraphrasing, annotation, direct translation, free translation, and linear translation, the choice of translation approach is directly influenced by cross-modal relations. For example, for subtitles that belong to multimodal discourse of reinforcing complementary relation, it is advisable for translators to make use of translational strategies of amplification, paraphrasing and annotation to highlight the foregrounded meaning expressed by the dominant modality on the one hand, and on the other hand to explicitly and verbally express the background information provided by the backgrounded modality if discourses of two modalities in the same scene form a relation of highlighting. As cross-modal communication becomes continuously widespread and the popularity of English shows keep arising in China, this paper endeavors to provide some useful implications for the translation of English subtitles, which as verbal and auditory discourse is part of a larger multimodal discourse in films.

Sediment Production in French Alpine Rivers

AbstractGlobal compilations of river sediment loads show that mountainous areas produce a high proportion of the sediment transported to the oceans. However, because of the effort involved in measuring sediment fluxes in mountain river systems, the loads of these rivers are generally unknown. Here, we present estimates of contemporary sediment loads of 16 gravel bed rivers draining the Ecrins‐Pelvoux Massif in southeast France. Sediment production in this part of the Alps is relatively high and many river segments are either wandering or braided. We model sediment fluxes and annual sediment yields by coupling hydraulic‐based relations for sediment transport with hydrologic‐based relations for flow frequency. Bed load fluxes are modeled for a range of discharges using a function that relates transport rates to excess shear stress. Fluxes are then weighted by the frequency of individual discharges and summed to get the annual bed load for each site. The suspended load is estimated empirically as a fraction of the bed load. Results suggest that bed load fluxes at channel‐forming flows scale almost linearly with downstream increases in discharge. In addition, it appears that annual sediment loads (bed load + suspended load) scale linearly with drainage area. A complementary relation for specific sediment yield suggests that the load per unit drainage area is constant across the range of basins studied. The modeled sediment yields are comparable to previous field‐based estimates of modern sediment yields, and generally lower than estimates developed from analyses of cosmogenic radionuclides.