Compilation Of Programs Research Articles

The next 700 compiler correctness theorems (functional pearl)

Compiler correctness is an old problem, with results stretching back beyond the last half-century. Founding the field, John McCarthy and James Painter set out to build a "completely trustworthy compiler". And yet, until quite recently, even despite truly impressive verification efforts, the theorems being proved were only about the compilation of whole programs, a theoretically quite appealing but practically unrealistic simplification. For a compiler correctness theorem to assure complete trust, the theorem must reflect the reality of how the compiler will be used. There has been much recent work on more realistic "compositional" compiler correctness aimed at proving correct compilation of components while supporting linking with components compiled from different languages using different compilers. However, the variety of theorems, stated in remarkably different ways, raises questions about what researchers even mean by a "compiler is correct." In this pearl, we develop a new framework with which to understand compiler correctness theorems in the presence of linking, and apply it to understanding and comparing this diversity of results. In doing so, not only are we better able to assess their relative strengths and weaknesses, but gain insight into what we as a community should expect from compiler correctness theorems of the future.

Polyhedral Compilation for Multi-dimensional Stream Processing

We present a method for compilation of multi-dimensional stream processing programs from affine recurrence equations with unbounded domains into imperative code with statically allocated memory. The method involves a novel polyhedral schedule transformation called periodic tiling. It accommodates existing polyhedral optimizations to improve memory access patterns and expose parallelism. This enables efficient execution of programming languages with unbounded recurrence equations, as well as optimization of existing languages from which this form can be derived. The method is experimentally evaluated on 5 DSP algorithms with large problem sizes. Results show potential for improved throughput compared to hand-optimized C++ (speedups on a 6-core Intel Xeon CPU up to 10× with a geometric mean 3.3×). 1

A compiler and virtual machine for constraint-logic object-oriented programming with Muli

The development of enterprise software typically relies on object-oriented (OO) programming languages. However, OO languages are not particularly suited for the implementation of software which involves solving complicated search problems with dynamically appearing constraints, e. g. as found in logistics. Aiming to improve this situation, we propose the Münster Logic-imperative Language (Muli). As a constraint-logic OO language, it facilitates an integrated implementation of applications that use aspects from both constraint-logic and object-oriented programming, thus eliminating the need to resort to JNI for the integration of search applications that are written in a (constraint) logic language. Muli extends Java by logic variables and encapsulated search. Its runtime is based on a symbolic Java virtual machine and leverages constraint solvers. Outside of search regions, Muli behaves just like Java. We motivate the benefits of integrating object-oriented programming and constraint-logic programming into a single language and introduce novel concepts that are required for a seamless integration. Furthermore, we present an operational semantics and transfer concepts and semantics into implementations of a compiler and a virtual machine.

Teaching Philosophy: An Optimization-Liquidation or a New Start?

In the article, I analyze the current situation in the field of teaching philosophy and also other social sciences and humanities. The point is that in higher school, under various pretexts, many departments and philosophy councils are closed, hours for teaching philosophical courses and seminars are reduced. Teachers of philosophy and other disciplines in higher education, in addition to being overwhelmed, have to spend a lot of time on unnecessary reporting, which for the most part does not reflect the essence of the matter. The policy of education officials and their belief in the need for such reporting and reduction of hours are critically reviewed. I show that in addition to the well-known functions of philosophy, teaching philosophy is of crucial importance today is due to three important circumstances: we live, firstly, in a period of double transition (of the whole civilization and of Russia) and, secondly, in a period of an anthropological crisis and a crisis of reality, thirdly, due to a crisis of morality and ethics. Only philosophy, based on the methodology, as well as the humanities and social sciences can comprehend modern conditions. The question is about a new start to the practice of teaching philosophy. I propose to introduce a temporary moratorium on the compilation of new teaching programs and start a broad discussion in the philosophical and pedagogical community of the goals and content of the teaching of philosophy. In this regard, I offer my own understanding of the problems and the essence of the teaching of philosophy. I also share my personal experience in teaching philosophy, which includes lecturing and organizing the creative work of small groups of students.

Workshop Penyusunan Program Unggulan OSN di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah Tegalampel, Klaten

THE WORKSHOP OF COMPILATION OF SCIENCE OLYMPIAD LEADING PROGRAM IN MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH MUHAMMADIYAH TEGALAMPEL, KLATEN. The purpose of this social service activity were to provide knowledge and insights related to the science olympiad (OSN) to the headmaster and teachers of MIM Tegalampel as well as assisted the compilation of work programs and committee of MIM Tegalampel. Materials that provided were OSN, best practices, and compilation of work program and committee. The model used was a workshop model with lecture, demonstration, question and answer and hands-on practice method. Evaluation was done by disseminating information and motivation to participants and product checklists. Generally, participants claimed that the schedule training was appropriate, time sharing (lectures, group discussions, individual assignments, presentations and games) were also perceived positively by participants. Participants were satisfied with the topics presented and perceived that most of the expectations and objectives of the workshop were fulfilled. The evaluation results indicate that the material delivered can be followed well and there was an increase in knowledge and motivation. In addition, the OSN work program and committee have also been arranged quite well.

Use S-FUNCTION BUILDER in MATLAB/SIMULINK

The analysis of used methods of the task of external indignation in MATLAB/SIMULINK by means of the generator of white noise and the subsequent filtration and the task on points in MS.Excel (1000 values) is carried out. It is established that they do not provide the decision of the problems demanding great volumes of the data and necessary speed and cannot will be applied to more challenges (modelling of movement and loading the vehicle, the task of trajectories of flight, the equipment of passage of breeds and others). Existing approaches and receptions can be used only for the decision of simple problems. It is noticed that the majority of researchers do not use the module S-FUNCTION BUILDER because of misunderstanding of its adjustment and mastery of a language C/C++. Problems with compilation of programs in the module S-FUNCTION BUILDER are revealed. Decisions of their elimination offered at forums are not convenient in practice. The decision of this problem through installation of system variable Windows is offered.The approach and reception of the task of external indignation by means of the module S-FUNCTION BUILDER is offered, allowing to solve these problems.Adjustment and module use S-FUNCTION BUILDER for formation of external indignation for these problems are in detail considered.The program of realization of the task of external indignation in language C/C++ is offered, the initial text of the program is resulted.The block diagram of use of the module S-FUNCTION for the decision of joint modelling of movement and loading the vehicle is shown.Scopes of the offered program and the approach for probes mechatronic systems are considered.The offered approach and reception of the task of external indignation by means of the module S-FUNCTION BUILDER allows to solve challenges and to pass to more difficult imitating modelling with participation of the person.

Analysis of Iran's National Medical Education Evolution and Innovation Plan using the Michelle and Scott's model of policymaking

Introduction: Lack of a clear policy for the development of health human resources has created inconsistencies. These imbalances are threats to the health system to achieve its goals. Therefore, the development of human resources through proper performance of higher education health system is an important part of the policy development process of the health sector. The present paper aims to introduce the methods applied for the compilation of evolution and innovation program of medical sciences training as well as the most important directions for evolution and innovation. Methods:In this study, we evaluated the methodology for designing packages of Iran’s higher education health system evolution and innovation. For this purpose, the evaluation of the policy process was conducted based on Michelle and Scott's policy process models. This policy evaluation model starts by problem identification and definition and continue by agenda setting, policy formation, legitimation, implementation, evaluation, and policy modification, using the proper feedback. Qualitative content analysis method was used as a research method for subjective interpretation of the content of the text data. Results: Twelve policies, 68 strategies and their translation in the health system were adopted in a comprehensive plan for higher health education. Eleven practical packages were also developed in order to implement these policies as packages for reform and innovation in medical education. These packages were organized based on the IPOCC pattern. Conclusions: The lack of a comprehensive look at each project or program could bring about irreparableness consequences. However, the MoHME of Iran, relying on the integration of health higher education with health care system and comprehensive method used for transformation and innovation plan in the field of health higher education could take an important step towards improving the nation's health.

Информационная система поддержки рабочей программы дисциплины

This work is devoted to the development of information systems to support educational and methodological complexes of the discipline. The question of automating and typing a procedure for drawing up a work program for an educational institution is considered. The task of scientific research is to improve the quality of compilation and reduce the time spent on drawing up a work program for educational institutions, as well as to increase the convenience of updating the already created work programs. The object of the study is an automated information system to automate the compilation of the work program of the discipline. Subject of research – methods of unification of documents, methods for assessing the quality of the RP. The purpose of the work is to automate the procedure for drawing up a work program for educational directions for educational institutions and to simplify its maintenance and updating. As a research method, a modeling method was chosen. Modeling is a method for creating and researching models. The study of the model allows you to get new knowledge, new holistic information about the object. The first part of the work is devoted to the presentation of the results of the study of the subject area. In the course of the work, an analysis of the literature on the following topics was carried out: unification and assessment of the quality of documents; criteria for assessing the quality of documents; features of drawing up a work program discipline according to GOST. Highlights the main problems encountered in the preparation of the RP disciplines. The second part is devoted to the development of methods for assessing the quality of the work program document, and an analysis of the developed model has been conducted. The third part of the work includes the development of the basic elements of an information system and their description, as well as the development of system requirements, as well as its direct implementation. As a result of the study, an information system was designed and implemented, which allows to automate the process of creating a work program for the discipline by providing a partially completed template, as well as checking the compliance of hours with the work plan.

Approach for an automated safety configuration for robot applications

Configuration and implementation of safety programs for robot applications have to face the common requirements of changeability and flexibility. The paper points out the challenges for safety and that dynamic reconfiguration and automated compilation of safety programs are not state of the art and not supported by international standards. On the other side HRC technologies and collaborative production scenarios, lead to more required knowledge and a higher complexity in creating safety programs. This paper gives an overview of the state of the art, how safety programs for robot applications are generated and what approaches and methods can be found to automate the program generation. The throughout this paper introduced approach for an automated safety configuration for robot applications is based on the information model of the application. The model consists of product, process, resource and hazard information. Combined with a safety function model and safety standards, it results in a proposed safety state machine as safety program. The throughout this paper introduced safety states are explained by an application example. The safety program is structured by safety states and implemented in a conventional way.

Sexual Education and Women Empowerment in Health: A Review of the Literature

Objectives: Women constitute almost 50% of the world population and play a number of roles in the community. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between sex education and women empowerment in health. Methods: Based on the aim of the study, the data were obtained reviewing the related literature on electronic and non-electronic websites and using equivalent keywords published until the last week of February 2018. In addition, mesh terms and key words were included in this research. Inclusion criteria were articles published from 2005 to February 2018. All the observation or interventional studies including ten articles which met the search criteria were studied. Results: The results revealed that sex education has different effects on sexual attitudes or activities of women. Further, it was effective in increasing the sexual autonomy of female college students. Furthermore, health providers’ contribution may improve sexual autonomy. In the current study, sex education programs were effective at increasing HIV/AIDS ( Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) knowledge and condom use, reducing the risk of unprotected intercourse and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), as well as unplanned pregnancy and abortion. Finally, abstinence-plus sex education programs increased health knowledge while they reduced risky sexual behaviors. Conclusions: In general, sex education is a critical method of women empowerment in health through increasing their health knowledge and related behaviors. Therefore, a compilation program of sex education is more useful. Accordingly, seeking to place sex training in the educational curriculum in accordance with the culture of the countries is a necessity.

An improved cascaded SO-FDTD method for high temperature magnetized plasma

An improved cascaded shift operator finite-difference time-domain method is put forward for high temperature magnetized plasma. The calculation formulas of iterative coefficients of this method are given. These results show that the improved method can let the mathematical formula reduce math order and the computational complexity. This is contributed to the derivation of the formula and the compilation of the calculation program. The absorption and reflection characteristics of high temperature magnetized plasma on electromagnetic wave are studied by using this improved CSO-FDTD method. The effects of external magnetic field and temperature on the attenuation coefficient and absorption coefficient of the plasma are discussed. A new phenomenon is found, namely, a sharp transmission peak emerged in the physics band formed by a terahertz wave passing through the monolayer plasma. By studying the effects of external magnetic field and temperature, the phenomenon can be simply produced by monolayer high temperature plasma.

PENGARUH SISTEM PENGENDALIAN ANGGARAN BIAYA TERHADAP KINERJA MANAJER PERUSAHAAN KELAPA SAWIT DI PROPINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN

This reserch’s target to know the level of system variable operation of budget which consist of compilation of program (X1), compilation of budget (X2), execution and measurement (X3), analysis and reporting (X4), clarity of budget and target(X5), and the difficulty level of budget (X6) to performance of manager measured with story; level efficiency of manager through eight evaluation criterion; planning, investigation of, coordination, election of staff, negotiation, representative, evaluation and observation. Analysis technique used to know the level of influence of system operation of budget which consist of six variabels to manager performance used doubled linear regression analysis. This research’s result succed to support the hypothesis, that is (X1), (X2), (X3), (X4), (X5), and (X6) by simultan have influence to manager performance. This matter means model of regression used in this research is good to progressively explain variation in manager performance. While conducted examination to second hypothesis giving result supporting the hypothesis. The result indicate that compilation of six variables have influence to manager performance by parsial.To be more improve manager performance, management should be more pay attention to manager participation level in course of compilation of budget, considering this variable is biggest of influence to manager performance, so that manager will be more productive because owning opportunity to develop the ability in the field of budgeting. Although contribution influence of clarity of budget target to variation in small manager performance relative, but to be more improve manager performance by top management remain to pay attention budget can always comprehend and presented detailedly, so that not generate difference of perception among executors of budget

Mobile Monitoring of valatizing gas in vehicles with LPG installation

The paper presents an application for the SIM900 module in SBC microcomputers to monitor vapor leaks in LPG powered vehicles. The paper looks specifically at programming microcomputers to communicate with vapor leaks sensors and with the 3G wireless communication unit. It illustrates numerous applications of programming SBC microcomputers in industrial and automotive automation. More information on the programming environment for microcomputers, including code libraries, involved in program compilation might be found in [1], [2], [3].

Compiling Optimal Numeric Planning to Mixed Integer Linear Programming

Compilation techniques in planning reformulate a problem into an alternative encoding for which efficient, off-the-shelf solvers are available. In this work, we present a novel mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) compilation for cost-optimal numeric planning with instantaneous actions. While recent works on the problem are restricted to actions that modify variables present in simple numeric conditions, our MILP formulation, in addition, handles linear conditions and linear action effects on numeric state variables. Such problems are particularly challenging due to the state-dependency of the action effects. Experiments show that our approach, in addition to being the state of the art for the more general problem class, is competitive with heuristic search-based planners on domains with only simple numeric conditions.

RECOMMENDATIONS ON INFUSION-TRANSFUSION THERAPY IN CHILDREN UNDERGOING SURGERY

Recommendations on peri-operative infusion-transfusion therapy in children have been developed by the members of Association of Children Anesthesiologists and Emergency Physicians of Russia, possessing significant experience of anaesthesiologic and intensive care provided to children. These recommendations are aimed to provide clear instructions on compilation of peri-operative infusion program in order to reduce the risk of complications related to this in children of various age groups, to enhance efficiency and safety of anaesthesiologic support in general. Recommendations do not include some specific issues of infusion therapy in specialized medical fields.

Optimizing adiabatic quantum program compilation using a graph-theoretic framework

Adiabatic quantum computing has evolved in recent years from a theoretical field into an immensely practical area, a change partially sparked by D-Wave System’s quantum annealing hardware. These multimillion-dollar quantum annealers offer the potential to solve optimization problems millions of times faster than classical heuristics, prompting researchers at Google, NASA and Lockheed Martin to study how these computers can be applied to complex real-world problems such as NASA rover missions. Unfortunately, compiling (embedding) an optimization problem into the annealing hardware is itself a difficult optimization problem and a major bottleneck currently preventing widespread adoption. Additionally, while finding a single embedding is difficult, no generalized method is known for tuning embeddings to use minimal hardware resources. To address these barriers, we introduce a graph-theoretic framework for developing structured embedding algorithms. Using this framework, we introduce a biclique virtual hardware layer to provide a simplified interface to the physical hardware. Additionally, we exploit bipartite structure in quantum programs using odd cycle transversal (OCT) decompositions. By coupling an OCT-based embedding algorithm with new, generalized reduction methods, we develop a new baseline for embedding a wide range of optimization problems into fault-free D-Wave annealing hardware. To encourage the reuse and extension of these techniques, we provide an implementation of the framework and embedding algorithms.

An Exploration to Edition Identification of Ancient Chinese Maps

Among the Chinese ancient resources collections, map is one remarkable kind of it. How to identify the edition of the maps has become the important work of the collation. Based on the Compilation Program of “Ancient Chinese Maps Collected in Peking University Library”, this article analyzes a large number of ancient Chinese maps, and summarizes four valuable methods of map edition identification. First, taboo clues can be taken as the guidance for identifying the edition year of ancient Chinese maps; Second, the toponymic evolution information is obviously an important analysis point in the textual research of editions; Third, edition identification through background investigation, such as background associated with map compilation history or thematic maps, even including divergent associated background investigation; Fourth, relevant important archives could also play a key role in the identification of edition year. In the conclusion, the author emphasizes that comprehensive clues shall be applied in an overall analysis and research for editions of ancient Chinese maps in actual collation work. It also showed that the textual research on maps highlights its own peculiarity while sharing some same features as that of ancient Chinese books. This work requires accumulated practical experience during the actual work, as well as constant learning to increase comprehensive knowledge.

Random generation of closed simply typed λ-terms: A synergy between logic programming and Boltzmann samplers

AbstractA natural approach to software quality assurance consists in writing unit tests securing programmer-declared code invariants. Throughout the literature, a great body of work has been devoted to tools and techniques automating this labour-intensive process. A prominent example is the successful use of randomness, in particular, random typable λ-terms, in testing functional programming compilers such as the Glasgow Haskell Compiler. Unfortunately, due to the intrinsically difficult combinatorial structure of typable λ-terms, no effective uniform sampling method is known, setting it as a fundamental open problem in the random software testing approach. In this paper, we combine the framework of Boltzmann samplers, a powerful technique of random combinatorial structure generation, with today's Prolog systems offering a synergy between logic variables, unification with occurs check and efficient backtracking. This allows us to develop a novel sampling mechanism able to construct uniformly random closed simply typed λ-terms of up size 120. We apply our techniques to the generation of uniformly random closed simply typed normal forms and design a parallel execution mechanism pushing forward the achievable term size to 140.

MODEL-ORIENTED METHOD OF DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION WHEN CREATING DIGITAL FILTERS

This article discusses the example of model-oriented method of design and development of digital low-pass filters (LPF) for automatic control systems (ACS). Typically, high frequency noise and disturbance attenuation is carried out by analogue LPF. However, technical implementation of analogue filters higher than the second order arouse certain difficulties related with the need of precise passive components ratings selection (resistors, capacitors). If the noise and disturbances spectral composition is known, it is possible to build digital LPF with the Nyquist frequency greater than the maximum frequency in the noise spectrum. Such possibility has appeared because of cheap, energy-efficient, high-speed 32-bit microcontrollers market entry. They have analogue signals sampling rate of 30 kHz and above. The traditional approach using the “manual” method of filter parameters calculation, obtaining their recurrence expressions and further program implementation requires high qualification and a lot of time consumption from the developer. An alternative to this approach is the model-oriented method of design (MOMD) in MatLab environment when in the one environment the design of digital LPF, verificaton of its performance as a part of the ACS, generation and compilation of program codes for selected microcontroller family take place. MOMD can also be used in the designs of bandpass and bandstop filters for adaptive control systems or systems of technical diagnostics. If during the commissioning or the operation of ACS there is a need in digital LPF parameters change then this operation can be performed within half an hour. MOMD technology allows to significantly reduce the time for developing a specific product without loss of quality in its design ‘cause of extensive possibilities of MatLab development environment.

Improvement of interior sound quality for passenger car based on optimization of sound pressure distribution in low frequency

The low-frequency acoustic response model of car is established with finite element method (FEM) and boundary element method (BEM), and the model is validated via road test. Utilizing the equal rectangle bandwidth critical band within 20–200Hz, the 16 sound samples are designed by orthogonal experiment with the collected signal of driver at 50km/h as example. The psychoacoustical indices of each sample are calculated through the program compilation, and the annoyance of each sample is obtained via subjective test. The prediction model for sound quality is completed under the comprehension of genetic algorithm (GA), particle swam optimization (PSO) and support vector machine (SVM). Taking the sound pressure level of each equal rectangle bandwidth band in low frequency as variables and taking the minimal subjective annoyance of samples as optimization objective, an optimization model for sound quality is established. Subsequently, the optimal sound quality is obtained. An extra subjective evaluation validates this proposed optimization method.