Number Of Competitors Research Articles

Parâmetros genéticos para desempenho de salto em Cavalos Brasileiro de Hipismo

Abstract This study aimed to estimate genetic parameters for jumping measures in the Brazilian Sport Horses breed, looking to see which jump characteristics can be evaluated early and that present favorable genetic correlations (ϒg) with measures of later sports performance. Data were available for the results of jumping competitions on the Brazilian Sport Horses. Two traits were calculated: Classification (CLASS) of the animal (taking into consideration obstacle height, number of competitors, type of competition (regional, national, international) and final score (SCOREF) taking into consideration the weight of the competition, height of the obstacles and score for the placement and type of event. Heritabilities were low for the full database (0.00 and 0.07 for CLASS and SCOREF, respectively), but higher when only young horses were considered (0.09 and 0.67, respectively). Genetic correlations between these traits and subjective functional traits (using a scale of 0 to 10) measured at stallion approval for reproduction showed that Power was favorable for indirect selection for both traits (-0.85 for CLASS and 1.00 for SCOREF). Jump also showed a favorable correlation for SCOREF (0.53) but unfavorable for CLASS (1.00). Considering the importance of Temperament and the absence of unfavorable genetic correlations between it and competition results it was concluded that this trait can be maintained among the selection objectives of Brazilian Sport Horses. Suggestions are made for further genetic studies with this breed, and possible modifications in the evaluation regulations to improve data quality.

Bidding in Common‐Value Auctions With an Unknown Number of Competitors

This paper studies a first‐price common‐value auction in which bidders do not know the number of their competitors. In contrast to the case of common‐value auctions with a known number of rival bidders, the inference from winning is not monotone, and a “winner's blessing” emerges at low bids. As a result, bidding strategies may not be strictly increasing, but instead may contain atoms. Moreover, an equilibrium fails to exist when the expected number of competitors is large and the bid space is continuous. Therefore, we consider auctions on a grid. On a fine grid, high‐signal bidders follow an essentially strictly increasing strategy, whereas low‐signal bidders pool on two adjacent bids on the grid. The solutions of a “communication extension” based on Jackson, Simon, Swinkels, and Zame (2002) capture the equilibrium bidding behavior in the limit, as the grid becomes arbitrarily fine.

Market concentration of social commerce platforms: A perspective of regulation in a developing country

Social commerce presents numerous business prospects in the current landscape (Xiang et al., 2022). However, concerns have emerged regarding the increasing concentration of the market and its potential economic implications (Azar et al., 2022). This study aims to examine the concentration levels within Thailand’s social commerce platform industry and explain the perspective of law and regulation. To assess market concentration, the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), a widely used economic tool, was utilised. The HHI calculates the sum of squared market shares of all sellers, providing insights into competition effectiveness in a given market. This study also incorporated the method of documentary analysis. In the case of Thailand’s social commerce market, the study revealed an HHI of 4,474.27, indicating a relatively high level of concentration. This finding suggests that the market structure resembles an oligopoly, characterised by a small number of dominant competitors. In Thailand, popular social commerce platforms include Facebook, Instagram, Line Shopping, Twitter, and TikTok. However, new entrants in this oligopoly market face significant obstacles. Financial barriers, such as the substantial investment required to establish and promote a platform, pose challenges. Additionally, legal obstacles related to copyrights, patents, and other intellectual property rights must be navigated.

DEVELOPMENT OF MOBILE AND WEB APPLICATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF UKRAINE'S DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF DIIA

The article highlights the role of mobile and web applications in the process of digital transformation and their contribution to improving the comfort of citizens’ lives. It has been established that the availability of a convenient and accessible application can help improve the quality and speed of public and commercial services. In addition, the article provides recommendations for further digitalisation of the Diia app and the necessary measures for its further development. The market for mobile and web applications is highly competitive and rapidly changing, which results in some projects not reaching successful completion due to the large number of competitors and rapid technological development. There are also problems with data security standards in Ukraine and the lack of national legislation regulating the industry. One of the biggest challenges to the country's digital development is the level of digital literacy among the population, which limits access to digital technologies and services. In addition, there are problems with creating an infrastructure that supports the development of mobile and web applications. Also, there are often problems with creating competitive digital products that meet international standards and user requirements. The impact of the mobile application Diia on the digital transformation of Ukraine has been analysed in the article. It has been provided an overview of the application's functionality, its impact on various aspects of citizens’ lives, and considered the prospects for its development. Also there are some data on the development of mobile and web applications in Ukraine. It is noted that the mobile application Diia plays an important role in providing citizens with access to various public services in electronic form, which helps to improve the efficiency and convenience of service provision, reduce corruption and the cost of providing them. The features of the mobile and web application market have been identified. The importance of ensuring the quality and security of mobile applications has been considered. They give examples of shortcomings and problems that may arise when using such applications and consider possible ways to solve them. During the study it was identified what kind of specialists were needed for further digitalisation of the country. The development of mobile and web applications is an important factor in Ukraine’s digital transformation. In particular, the development of new applications and improvement of existing ones can help improve the efficiency of public services, provide citizens with convenient and quick access to various services, reduce the cost of providing them, and reduce corruption.

Increasing the number of business relationships as a way to overcome the modern entropy of environmental barriers

For efficient business functioning, the organisation's management needs to adopt and approve the organisation's strategy based on the ability to reduce or completely bypass possible risks associated with the influence of the external environment. The development of technology has facilitated the emergence of completely new business models that have seriously simplified the consumption process by reducing the time it takes to transfer goods from multiple sellers to the customer. But from the point of view of organisations specialising in a narrow segment of goods the situation can be more complex, because with the simplification of communication there are many competitors within one site, the strategic behaviour of a limited number of competitors can be calculated with the help of existing mathematical models or with the help of game theory, but when there are so many competitors that we cannot identify them all, one of the most difficult types of uncertainty appears - the uncertainty of ignorance. The solution to this problem is to increase the interconnectedness in the different fields of action of the organisation. By increasing the interconnections, namely their number, firstly, there is an opportunity to expand the activities of the organisation in several subsystems, thus allowing diversification of risks, and secondly, we acquire a large number of stakeholders in different subsystems, who will be interested in the long-term retention of the organisation at a sufficient level of efficiency. It is the increased interconnectedness that contributes to the necessary sustainability in the strategic perspective, as well as compensating and distributing the growing external uncertainty between the activities in the different subsystems.

Methodology for the Design of Interdisciplinary Modules for Mechatronic Modular Product Platforms

Advancing globalization and digitization are continuously changing the competitive conditions in the manufacturing industry. Globalization leads to an increasing number of competitors and results in the necessity for a stronger focus on individual customer needs. At the same time, digitization is leading to an expansion of mechanical products with components from the disciplines of electronics and software. This results in mechatronic products whose components generate a high degree of internal variety due to a large number of interdependencies, thus increasing the complexity of product development. By using modular product platforms, the variety of the products offered can be optimized. However, current approaches for developing modular product platforms are mainly designed for mechanical products, so that the consideration of interfaces between components from different disciplines is not taken into account comprehensively in module design. As a result, the consideration of further disciplines becomes necessary in module design in order to be able to optimize the internal and external variety of the products offered. Thus, this paper presents a concept for interdisciplinary module design in mechatronic modular product platforms. For this purpose, the individual components and their interfaces have to be identified and operationalized. Subsequently, the module design is optimized using a cluster algorithm.

Support vector machine based emotional analysis of restaurant reviews

Most customers are frequently faced with the same question: "which restaurant serves the best food?" We employ sentiment analysis to address this question. Due to the high number of competitors in the restaurant industry, restaurant owners place a premium on customer feedback regarding the quality of the food and services they offer in order to increase customer satisfaction. Every word a customer utters carries a connotation and emotion. This procedure is essential for determining whether the customers' feelings toward our brand are positive, negative, or neutral. This study attempts to classify restaurant customer satisfaction in Jakarta using SVM (Support Vector Machine) and comparing it to the Nave Bayes classifier (NB). The results indicated a rise in SVM accuracy from 77% to 79%.

Business Model Canvas dan Analisis SWOT untuk Meningkatkan Strategi Pemasaran Rumah Batik Anto Djamil

Rumah Batik Anto Djamil is a traditional batik shop in Banyumas, located in the Purwokerto area. Currently, the business conducts marketing through both physical stores and digital media. However, there are challenges in the form of increasing numbers of new competitors emerging. These competitors sell similar products with nearly identical marketing strategies. An initial blueprint was drawn up according to the business model currently employed by Rumah Batik Anto Djamil. This study aims to analyze and develop the business model of Rumah Batik Anto Djamil in order to compete in similar fields of business. Data was collected through interviews and observation. Then, the Business Model Canvas was designed to facilitate the analysis of new marketing strategies. SWOT analysis was chosen to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and future threats that may occur. This analysis considers both internal and external strategic factors. The results of the study include the current BMC blueprint, SWOT analysis, and recommended BMC blueprint for developing the business unit in the future. The conclusion of this study is that the recommendations given must continue to consider quality and service to customers and potential customers. This study has limitations, particularly when government regulations change and new digital business patterns using more popular platforms emerge.

Analisa Penerapan Metode MOOSRA dan MOORA dalam Keputusan Pemilihan Lokasi Usaha

In the world of work, competition certainly exists. Especially in the selection of the location of the business being run. The better the location of the place of business, of course, the more competition. In this study, we will discuss the selection of a strategic and appropriate business location. The location of the business greatly affects the development of the business being run, many businesses do not develop (loss) so they have to stop their business because the location of the business is far from residential areas, the location is narrow and so on. To avoid this, we need a system that can solve the problem which is called a decision support system. Decision support system is a structured system in making effective business location selection decisions using methods such as WASPAS, SPI, TOPSIS, WP, SAW, MOORA, MOOSRA, EDAS and many others. The selection of business locations used the MOOSRA and MOORA methods. Both methods are very simple and easy to understand with the assessment based on the criteria used, namely Number of Competitors, Crowd Center, Location Size, Place Rent Price and Location Cleanliness. The results obtained after applying the two methods in the selection of business locations, namely the highest alternative or the first rank is Alternative A1 with a reference value of 0.564

FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TINGKAT PENDAPATAN PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA DI KOTA CIREBON

This study aims to analyze and understand the factors that influence the level of income in Cirebon. The variables used are Y variables, namely income, and X variables, capital, length of business, and working hours. This variable was tested using normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity tests. Then test the data using a t-test and adjusting the coefficient of determination test. The tests carried out present the results that the first hypothesis, namely capital affects income received, where the more capital obtained, the more income received because it is easier to find places and materials or tools to make sales if you have sufficient or excess capital to make sales. Then the variable length of business affects the level of income that will be owned, the reason is that the length of the business will make the workers more agile and more skilled in running the business they have. While on the working hours variable, it is determined that there is no effect on the following variables because the working hours variable is not under the informal sector actors, the existing hours are flexible and sometimes do not match the existing reality. The limitation of this study is that the number of competitors is not included in the opinion of Husaini & Fadhlani (2017) that competitors are more influential than working hours.

Minat Beli Kopi Kenangan Dilihat Dari Citra Merek dan Kualitas Produk

Increasing competition and the number of competitors requires business actors to pay attention to the needs and desires of consumers, and try to be able to fulfill these desires. Consumer behavior is an action taken by consumers in obtaining, using and determining products in making purchasing decisions (Tjiptono, 2009). Coffee is a type of global drink that is well-known in the world. Coffee is a very well-known plantation commodity throughout Indonesia, especially in Siak Regency. The culture of drinking coffee recently in Indonesia is on the rise. Currently, many coffee brands can be found on the market, such as: Janji Jiwa, Starbuck, Kulo, Jco Donut & Coffe, Kopi Kengan and many more. According to the Nielsen Company, Kopi Kenangan in 2019 is the brand with the number one top-of-mind awareness for the Milk Coffee category and the number two brand after the international coffee network for the general coffee category. Therefore the purpose of this study is to find out that the interest in buying coffee memories is seen from brand image and product quality. To find out this, a research was carried out using quantitative data which produced 117 respondents where the t test, f test, linear coefficient of determination test was carried out using the Spss 24 application. The results of this study can be concluded that the influence of the quality of memorable coffee products greatly influences purchase intention of consumers. consumers where the brand image of the memorable coffee product does not affect consumer buying interest due to the many brand images of coffee products in various places.

USING FACTOR ANALYSIS TO DETERMINE THE FEASIBILITY OF PARTICIPATION IN TENDERS OF CONTRACTING ENTERPRISES

The article proposes to use factor analysis as a methodological basis for determining the expediency of participation in tenders, substantiation and adoption of business decisions in the field of procurement and conducting competitive procurement procedures for construction works for contractor construction enterprises.
 Based on the analysis and summarization of data on tender offers for the execution of construction works in the Prozorro electronic system in 2018-2022, a number of factors have been selected that can characterize the degree of desirability of the contract for each individual contractor participating in the bidding. The following input variables were selected for the analysis of tender offers and the determination of the degree of desirability of contracts for subcontractors: the ratio of the amount under the contract to the revenue from the sale of the enterprise for the past period, the level of mechanization of construction works, funds to cover administrative costs, the level of inflation, estimated wages, initial cost as part of the applicant's offer (contract price), funds to cover general production costs, the share of material resources in the estimated cost, estimated profit, the number of competitors, the ratio of the number of tenders won to the number of submitted offers.
 The assessment was carried out by means of factor analysis - the method of principal components. As a result, according to the "stone scree" method, three components are distinguished: the first is the market component; the second is the resource component of the contract, which differs for an individual contractor, as well as the degree of riskiness of the contract for an individual contractor. The three selected components collectively explain 86.2% of the variability of input indicators.
 The use of the approach proposed in the article and the evaluation of tender proposals according to the criterion "the degree of desirability of the contract" will provide potential participants with additional tools for decision-making. The proposed toolkit can be used not only by construction contractors, but also by other participants in the investment and construction process.

Quantifying and linking mechanism scenarios to invasive species impact.

Plant species invasion represents one of the major drivers of biodiversity change globally, yet there is confusion about the nature of nonindigenous species (NIS) impact. This confusion stems from differing notions of what constitutes invasive species impact and the scales at which it should be assessed. At local scales, the mechanisms of the impact on local competitors can be classified into four scenarios: (1) minimal impact from NIS inhabiting unique niches; (2) neutral impact spread across the community and proportional to NIS abundance; (3) targeted impact on a small number of competitors with overlapping niches; and (4) pervasive impact that is disproportionate to NIS abundance and caused by modifications that filter out other species. I developed a statistical test to distinguish these four mechanism scenarios based on plant community rank-abundance curves and then created a scale-independent standardized impact score. Using an example long-term dataset with high native plant diversity and an abundance gradient of the invasive vine, Vincetoxicum rossicum, I show that the impact resulted in either targeted or pervasive extirpations. Regardless of whether the NIS impact is neutral, targeted, or pervasive, the net outcome will be the homogenization of ecosystems and reduced biodiversity at larger scales, perhaps reducing ecosystem resilience. The framework and statistical evaluation of impact presented in this paper provide researchers and managers with an objective approach to quantifying NIS impact and prioritizing species for further management actions.

Effect of Service Quality and Price on Customer Satisfaction

Researchers researched to determine the effect of service quality and price on customer satisfaction at one of the heavy equipment companies in the city of Bandung. Moreover, this research analyses the factor that has the most dominant influence on service quality and price on customer satisfaction at one of the heavy equipment companies in Bandung. As many as 57 consumers became the object of this study using a questionnaire.
 
 Based on research using path analysis, it can see that the variables of service quality and price at one of the heavy equipment companies in the city of Bandung are declared valid. Therefore, the conclusions and considerations related to the research results are paying attention to service quality and price to increase customer satisfaction.
 
 The results of the study show that Service Quality (X1) has a significant influence on Customer Satisfaction (Y). then Price (X2) significantly influences Customer Satisfaction (Y). To improve service quality, companies should pay more attention to service quality dimensions because a slight deficiency can satisfy consumers and impact consumer satisfaction. For example, if there are bad complaints, it will reduce consumer confidence in the product. Therefore, if a complaint occurs, the company must restore customer trust by evaluating the quality of service properly so that customers feel satisfied, one of which is by giving customer surveys when customers are and after using products/services so that customer feelings can be maintained. In terms of price, companies should evaluate more when setting prices for a product/service, such as considering market conditions and the number of competitors. Then, the company can package excellent and attractive price offers such as discounts or bonuses to customers to increase customer satisfaction.

How the public sector buys small things: direct procurement in the European Union and the opportunities for the Social Economy organizations

Direct (or low value) procurement can foster the participation of SMEs in public procurement. However, although they all come from the same Directive, a review of the national legislations shows that there is not a common model for this type of procedures. The thresholds in the national legislations vary without a visible explanation for it. To assess if countries can be grouped a hierarchical analysis was performed. Meanwhile, to research whether economic and social factor can influence the establishment of different conditions for direct public procurement in each Member State a regression model was applied. The results contradict the widely proclaimed intention of promoting SMEs in public procurement, since there is not direct relation between the percentage of SMEs in the economic fabric and the thresholds for the contracts. The limitations on direct procurement have probably more to do with cultural reasons and legislative traditions than with economic and social factors. Higher thresholds and specially the differentiation for, social services that present some Member States could be an opportunity for social entities. The legislative modifications of several countries point in the direction of favoring a minimum number of competitors. The study shows that noticeable divergences can be found in the way Member States regulate direct procurement, contrary to the convergency that can be observed generally in the field of public procurement.

Strategic management of local potential-based entrepreneurship through community empowerment on fish attractions Bendhung Lepen in Mrican Village Yogyakarta

This research was aimed (1) to know the internal environmental factors that affect the management of entrepreneurship strategies for fish tourism attraction Bendhung Lepen; (2) to know external environmental factors that affect the management of entrepreneurship strategies for fish tourism attraction Bendhung Lepen; and (3) to know the appropriate marketing system for the location of Bendhung Lepen fish attractions. The method used in this study was qualitative descriptive where data were obtained by means of interviews, observations, and documentation. The interview was conducted at random on visitors to fish attraction Bendhung Lepen, the community around the Gajah Wong river irrigation site, and the Bendhung Lepen Community. Field results were used for SWOT analysis consisting of IFAS tables, EFAS tables, IE matrices, and SWOT matrices. The results of the analysis on IFAS can be known that the score for internal factors of 3.43 which understands the internal condition of management of fish attraction management in Bendhung Lepen falls into the moderate category (average). This is because factors that have a high score were at high operational cost points. The results of the EFAS analysis showed a score of 3.28 which means the external condition of Bendhung Lepen fish attractions were in good condition, where the most dominant factor is the number of competitors was still small, balanced crop sales, and the density of the number of tourist attraction visitors.

Measuring the Success of English Borrowings in Chinese

After entering the recipient language, many borrowings are in competition with their native equivalents, serving as an alternative lexical choice to express the designated concept. Concerning this phenomenon, questions arise as to whether some borrowings are used more frequently than others and what factors contribute to their success if we consider borrowings with a higher frequency more successful. To address these issues, this study takes an onomasiological approach, considers both borrowings and their native equivalents, and measures the relative frequency of borrowings in comparison with their native equivalents to assess their success. Raw frequencies are avoided in the study because they are subject to the popularity of topics in which a concept might be mentioned, meaning that some borrowings are frequently used possibly just because the relevant topics are popular, which thus cannot effectively reflect how the linguistic features of the borrowings affect their usage and success. Based on a dataset with data collected from Weibo, this study conducts a multiple regression analysis in Rbrul to investigate how the factors affect the success of English borrowings in Chinese, including concept frequency, concept novelty, lexical field, age of borrowing, number of competitors, and relative length of borrowings. The results of the statistical model indicate that borrowings are significantly more successful than others if they denote a new or low-frequency concept and if they fall into the rapidly-evolving fields rich in new inventions. In contrast, age of borrowing and relative length cannot significantly determine the success of borrowings. By measuring the success of English borrowings in Chinese, this study not only fills the gap caused by the rarity of studies taking an onomasiological approach on the contact-induced outcome in Chinese but also sheds light on the major motivations for using borrowings in Chinese.

Competitive tenders on analogue hospital pharmaceuticals in Denmark 2017–2020

BackgroundCompetitive tenders on pharmaceuticals are one of the most effective cost-containment instruments in healthcare systems. Its effectiveness has been demonstrated, among other things, in markets for generic medicine and biosimilars. In Denmark, an internationally unique model for competitive tenders on analogue substitutable pharmaceuticals has been developed and implemented for all public hospitals.MethodsWe obtained data on all analogue competitive tenders carried out by the Danish Medicines Council from its foundation on January 1, 2017, to October 9, 2020. We calculated univariate descriptive statistics, pairwise correlations and made a multiple regression analysis on tender savings.ResultsAverage annual saving on hospital pharmaceutical purchase prices was 44.1% ranging from 0.4% to 92.8% between therapeutic areas and areas of indication. There was a significant positive correlation between tender savings and the number of competitors participating in the tender, and a significant negative correlation between tender savings and the number of days since market authorization.ConclusionsThis study finds analogue tenders to be similar in effect and mechanism to competitive tenders in markets for generic medicine and biosimilars. It supports the increasing number of empirical findings that competitive tendering has a high potential to generate substantial savings on healthcare budgets.

Price dynamics of Swedish pharmaceuticals

This paper investigates price patterns of off-patent pharmaceuticals in Sweden. I show that price dynamics are dependent on the number of competitors in the market. The price patterns follow predictions from a model of dynamic price competition in which the demand for pharmaceuticals incorporates the known biases of consumers: habit persistence and brand preferences. Using the regulated market of Swedish pharmaceuticals, I show that price dynamics may help in identifying possible tacit collusion by manufacturers in markets where consumers experience behavioral frictions.

Pengaruh Fasilitas Dan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Keputusan Menginap Di Hotel RedDoorz syariah near GOR Panatayuda Karawang

This research was triggered by the growth rate of hotels in Falkirk high, Each Hotel also various facilities to increase the number of visitors. this will certainly affect the amount of visitors or tourists that will be st aying because of the many competitors in the city of karachi. service providers the hotel to set up the best strategy the best to attract tourists to stay, because with the advent of new Hotels travelers are becoming increasingly have a lot of choice. Hotel RedDoorz syariah near GOR Panatayuda is one that is affected by the number of competitors in the years that the more advanced and also the city of karachi which is increasingly visited by tourists. The problem in this research is what factors affect the decision of tourists to stay at Hotel RedDoorz syariah near GOR Panatayuda Karawang. Specifically focused on three variables, namely the Facilities, Quality of Services, And the Decision of Staying. The purpose of this research is to study the influence of three variables in influencing the decision of stay of tourists in the Hotel RedDoorz syariah near GOR Panatayuda Karawang. The number of samples in this study amounted to 100 respondents. The data analysis technique used is Path Analysis.
 Keywords : Facilities, Quality of Service, the Decision of the Stay