Indonesia's Competitiveness Research Articles

Analysis of Digital Banking Product Marketing Strategies in Enhancing Business Performance (Case Study at Bank BJB)

This study investigates the marketing strategies of digital banking products at Bank BJB, aiming to enhance business performance amid increasing competition in Indonesia's banking sector. The introduction outlines the significant transformation in the banking industry due to the rise of digital banking and fintech, emphasizing the necessity for banks to innovate to attract tech-savvy customers, particularly millennials and Generation Z. The research method employed a qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews and document analysis to assess the effectiveness of Bank BJB's marketing strategies, particularly through its BJB Digi application. Results indicate that while Bank BJB has leveraged regional partnerships and diversified its digital services, it faces challenges such as suboptimal user experience and limited market penetration outside its core areas. The discussion highlights the need for improved marketing strategies to enhance customer engagement and business performance. In conclusion, the study recommends that Bank BJB focus on technological innovation, strategic collaborations, and aggressive marketing efforts to strengthen its competitive position in the digital banking landscape, thereby optimizing its service offerings andexpanding its customer base

Strategi Transformasi Holding BUMN DEFEND ID dalam Percepatan Kemandirian Alat Peralatan Pertahanan dan Keamanan untuk Mendukung Pertahanan Nasional

Independence of defense and security equipment (Alpalhankam) is a strategic priority for Indonesia to reduce dependence on imports and strengthen national sovereignty. This article examines the transformation carried out by the State-Owned Enterprises Holding Defend ID—consisting of PT Pindad, PT Dirgantara Indonesia, PT PAL, PT LEN, and PT Dahana—in accelerating defense independence through technological integration and innovation. This study uses a comparative method by comparing the DEFEND ID strategy with countries that have achieved defense independence, such as Turkey and South Korea. The results of the study show that DEFEND ID has successfully increased the production capacity of defense equipment, such as the Anoa 6x6 combat vehicle, and increased exports by 15% in 2023. The synergy between SOEs has also contributed to cost efficiency of up to 20% in the last three years. However, there are significant challenges in technology transfer, human resource development (HR), and dependence on the state budget. These challenges include limitations in negotiating offset agreements, a shortage of high-tech experts, and the need for financing diversification. The study recommends accelerating technology transfer through stronger offset policies, developing high-tech-based training centers, and increasing access to international financing for strategic projects. With this strategy, DEFEND ID can strengthen its contribution in supporting national sovereignty and security, while increasing Indonesia's competitiveness at the global level. This article makes an important contribution to discussions related to national defense independence.

THE INFLUENCE OF SERVICE QUALITY, PRICE PERCEPTION, AND PRODUCT QUALITY FROM PT KERETA API INDONESIA (PERSERO) ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AT PT BUKIT ASAM, TBK

This study examines the factors influencing customer satisfaction of PT Bukit Asam, Tbk regarding the services and products provided by PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) for coal transportation. Customer satisfaction is analyzed based on three key factors: service quality, price perception, and product quality, specifically in transporting coal from the Tanjung Enim Mining Unit to Tarahan Port and Kertapati Pier, which accounted for 32,423,156 tons transported in 2023. The research findings indicate that all three factors—service quality, price perception, and product quality—have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. The contribution of this research is twofold: it provides insights into the direct impact of these factors on corporate customer satisfaction and offers practical recommendations for PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) to enhance its service performance, thereby improving its competitiveness in Indonesia's transportation and logistics sector. Future research could focus on additional factors, such as technological innovation and environmental sustainability, and investigate their influence on customer satisfaction across different industries or regions, offering broader insights into service quality improvement in the logistics industry.

Normative Study of Law No. 27 of 2022 on the Protection of Personal Data and its Impact on the Fintech Industry in Indonesia

The enactment of Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection marks a pivotal moment in Indonesia’s regulatory framework, particularly for industries that handle significant amounts of personal data, such as the financial technology (fintech) sector. This study provides a normative juridical analysis of the PDP Law and examines its impact on the fintech industry. The research focuses on the law’s key provisions, including consent requirements, data breach notification, and data security obligations. Additionally, the study explores the operational challenges fintech companies face in complying with the law, such as the costs of compliance, technical requirements, and the need for employee training. While the PDP Law enhances consumer trust by offering greater protection and transparency, it also presents hurdles that fintech firms must overcome to ensure compliance. The analysis concludes with recommendations for fintech companies to balance legal obligations with innovation to maintain competitiveness in Indonesia’s evolving digital economy.

Measurement of Competitiveness and Determinants of Coal Output in East Kalimantan

The coal sector has the highest share and contribution to the economy in East Kalimantan Province. The importance of the existence of coal to the economy of East Kalimantan must be followed by high competitiveness and supportive policy direction. For this reason, this study aims to measure and identify the competitiveness and factors that affect the output of the coal sector in East Kalimantan Province using the competitiveness analysis (LQ) method and panel data regression. The results of the analysis identified that East Kalimantan occupies the first position with the highest coal sector competitiveness in Indonesia. This is evidenced by a consistent competitiveness index value of more than 1 from 2021 to 2024. Meanwhile, the results of the panel data analysis also identified that the variables of total investment and the number of workers in the coal sector with long roads are estimated to have a positive and significant effect on the output of the coal sector in East Kalimantan Province. Meanwhile, the road length variable is predicted to have a negative and significant effect on the output of the coal sector.

Enhancing Competitiveness in Vocational Education: The Role of Strategic Marketing in Schools

This study aims to analyze marketing strategies to improve vocational high school competitiveness in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study type. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis is done through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The study results indicate that the school's competitive advantage lies in its special expertise in automotive technology, strong partnerships with leading companies, and modern facilities. The school's proactive approach to updating its curriculum to suit industry needs, effective branding and digital media strategies, and partnerships with industry have contributed to its success in producing employable graduates. The implications of this study suggest that vocational schools can improve their competitiveness by adopting a strategic marketing approach that focuses on building strong industry partnerships, developing relevant curricula, and utilizing digital media to promote their vocational programs.

Competitiveness of Indonesia and Thailand's TSNR (Technically Specified Natural Rubber) Exports in the International Market

Competitiveness of Indonesia and Thailand's TSNR (Technically Specified Natural Rubber) Exports in the International Market

PENGARUH TAX AVOIDANCE, DIVIDEND POLICY, DAN FAKTOR LAINNYA TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN

The increasing level of business competition in Indonesia causes every company to try to develop its firm value. One of which is through capital which can be obtained by selling shares. Firm value is an important influencing factor for making investment decisions because investors will pay attention to how well the company's performance is. This research was conducted with the aim of obtaining empirical evidence regarding the influence of the independent variables dividend policy, investment decision, leverage, profitability, firm size, liquidity, institutional ownership, and tax avoidance. The object of this research uses a population of all consumers non-cyclicals and consumer cyclicals sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) from 2020 to 2022. Sample selection was carried out using a purposive sampling method. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression. The data that passed the sample selection criteria was 33 company data out of a total of 99 company data. The testing results indicate that profitability and leverage influence firm value. A high level of leverage makes the company able to maximize its operational activities to obtain high profits so that it becomes a positive signal for investors and increases firm value. A high profitability serves as a signal that the company has good growth prospects in the future so that investors will be more interested in investing and contributing to an increase in the firm value. However, dividend policy, investment decision, firm size, liquidity, institutional ownership, and tax avoidance show no significant influence on firm value

Reshaping of Global Shipping Dynamics: Implications for Strategic Resilience Capabilities, Marketing Capabilities, Supply Chain Orientation Capabilities and Port Competitiveness in Indonesia

The phenomenon of dynamic maritime environment have affected port business and it is substantially changing the business environment in which large-scale container trade growth is being facilitated. In this paper will illustrate the dynamic features of port users, discuss the port competition strategy and analyse the marketing strategic for port business under transformation phases. Using qualitative methods using case studies through a literature review and empirical evidence to prove, deepen and expand the results of the study. In this article, we develop and examine the implication such marketing capabilities approach to the effectiveness of the marketing strategies and strategic resilience capabilities to determine sustainable competitive performance. Based on a discussion among with its managements, this paper could prove a conceptual framework in which strategic resilience capabilities and supply chain orientation capabilities have a profound impact on the company’s sustainable competitive performance.

PENGARUH NILAI PERUSAHAAN: STRUKTUR MODAL, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN DAN INVESMENT OPPORTUNITY SET

Business competition in Indonesia encourages companies to maximize company value through stock prices, which reflect their performance and prospects in the market. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the effect of capital structure, firm size and investment opportunity set on firm value. This research approach is based on a quantitative approach. The population and research sample are Banking Company that have positive profits and are listed on the IDX in 2019-2023. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that capital structure, company size and investment opportunity set have an effect on firm value.

ANALISIS STRATEGIS KEBIJAKAN HILIRISASI MINERAL: Implikasi Ekonomi dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Perekonomian Indonesia

Mineral downstreaming is a strategic policy aimed at increasing the value-added of mineral products and optimizing the utilization of natural resources. This policy aims to reduce the export of raw ore and increase the production of finished goods domestically, which has significant potential to secure national foreign exchange reserves and strengthen Indonesia's competitiveness in the global market. This study aims to analyze the implications and impacts of mineral downstreaming policy on the Indonesian economy. The method used is a literature review with a qualitative descriptive approach. The research findings indicate that by promoting further processing and innovation in technology development, nickel downstreaming not only has positive economic impacts through increased revenues in the non-oil and gas sector and corporate contributions to government revenues but also significantly contributes to environmental sustainability. The development of nickel downstream industries not only creates new job opportunities and reduces unemployment rates but also stimulates growth in related industries and enhances the demand for domestic technology.

Optimizing the Role of Community-Based Enterprises to Improve Performance and Competitiveness in Indonesia

This study aims to identify the characteristics and roles of the village-owned enterprises (BUMDES) model and determine the appropriate development strategy to improve performance and competitiveness. This research is a qualitative study with a case study approach. Data were taken from key persons the director of BUMDES, village officials, and the community as BUMDES partners in Semarang Regency. Data were analyzed using Atlas.ti and Analytical Networking Process (ANP) methods. The results show that BUMDES in Semarang Regency leads to the community-based enterprises (CBE) model than social enterprises because some of the characteristics they have to include the purpose of establishing BUMDES is to contribute to the village economy through the village income (PADes), improving the welfare of rural communities; BUMDES strategy to gain profits, and have strong social capital. Strategies to improve attractive marketing techniques and increase competence through joint training and mentoring are top priorities to improve performance and competitiveness. The limitation of the study is the sample should include the differentiated BUMDES based on village typology so that models and behavior can be identified according to their respective roots.

Research University Program Development in Indonesian Islamic Higher Education: Strategic Management Perspective

This article aims to emphasise the contestation of higher education that was increasingly competitive, and even tending to be high disrupted competition in Indonesia by the lack of creativity in managing institutional strategies as well as in research culture. <em>This qualitative research used in-depth interview, observation and documentation supported by the interactive analytical approach which consists of condensing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions with involving 7 informants from institutional leaders, lecturers and students. This study confirmed that UII Yogyakarta with its well-managed research program strategic management design, is increasingly able to deliver quality and competitive Islamic university with distinctive institutional excellences, both at the national and international levels, such as: the development of a creative economy industry based on entrepreneurship that is globally competitive; virtual environment development for education, government, and on so on. Therefore, UII Yogyakarta has higher competitiveness at the global level which can be an good example of quality research development for Indonesian Islamic higher education.</em>

Analysis of The Effect of Cultural Tourism Development, Accessibility and Economic Policy on Tourism Competitiveness in Indonesia

Analysis of The Effect of Cultural Tourism Development, Accessibility and Economic Policy on Tourism Competitiveness in Indonesia

The Relationship Between Business Competition Law and Commercial Law in Ensuring Healthy Business Competition in the Market

This research aims to discuss the relationship between business competition law and trade law in realizing healthy business competition in Indonesia. The method used is literature study through document review, such as journals, books and related literature. The results of the discussion show that business competition law, which is regulated in Law no. 5 of 1999, aims to prevent monopoly and unfair competition practices. The basic principles include freedom of business, healthy competition, efficiency and openness. Meanwhile, commercial law regulates legal relations in trade, providing order and legal certainty for business actors. These two areas of law complement each other in creating a healthy and just economic system. Business competition law plays a role in preventing unhealthy business practices and promoting efficiency, while trade law regulates commercial transactions and legal relations between business actors. Both contribute to protecting consumers, increasing economic efficiency, and promoting sustainable economic growth. It can be concluded that business competition law and trade law have an important and complementary role in creating a healthy and conducive business climate for economic growth in Indonesia. Harmonization and effective law enforcement in these two fields is the key to realizing healthy and fair business competition.

Banking competition in Indonesia: does Fintech lending matters?

PurposeThis paper aims to examine how the rise of financial technology (Fintech) lending affects bank competition. Moreover, this study also identifies the structure of Indonesian commercial banking sector and the different behaviour of competition among bank groups (based on their size, type and ownership) and the joint impact of COVID-19 due to the rise of Fintech lending.Design/methodology/approachUsing an unbalanced panel data set of 118 commercial banks in Indonesia over the period 2018–2022, both static panel and 2SLS/IV data analysis were used and found that random effect model is the best model.FindingsThe results show that the Indonesian commercial banking sector can be considered as monopolistic competition. Moreover, using the Lerner index reveals that the entry of the Fintech lenders increases bank competition. Furthermore, there were different responses to the impact of Fintech lending on bank competition among state-owned banks, private banks, regional development banks and foreign banks. Greater efficiency and stability lead to greater market power. In the meantime, higher level of asset growth, capitalisation and cost-to-income ratio increase the competition. Lastly, higher bank credit growth and lower inflation boost overall bank competitiveness.Practical implicationsThis study highlights some policy recommendations for commercial banks to be aware of the coming of Fintech lenders because they have started to increase the market competition. The government should create a more collaborative ecosystem between banks and Fintech lending to anticipate unhealthy competition.Originality/valueThis study will contribute to the literature by expanding the determinants of bank competition by considering the rise of Fintech lending in the market.

Designing nickel smelter industry investment competitiveness policy in Indonesia through system dynamics model

Purpose This research is intended to assess the nickel smelter industry’s investment competitiveness in Indonesia and identify ways to improve its competitive advantage for the nation. Design/methodology/approach This research uses a sequential mixed-methods approach, expanding on a first qualitative phase with a second quantitative phase. Interviews are used in the qualitative phase to identify the underlying causes of issues and potential solutions to increase the competitiveness of the nickel smelter industry, while a system dynamics (SD) model is used to conduct the quantitative phase. This study uses the idea of a country’s competitive advantage from Porter’s diamond model (PDM). The model was tested and validated using SD simulation resulting in a new policy scenario, which was evaluated in metallurgy expert conferences and high policymaker discussion forums. Findings The results reveal the complexity of the nickel smelter industry in Indonesia and conclude that the integrated export duty beneficence policy is the most effective way to boost competitiveness. This policy gives a significant improvement both in the number of smelters and state revenue compared to the current policy. The industry’s investment competitiveness is enhanced by the six factors of the diamond model, with the first three factors being integrated strategy, limited export of excess production and export duty beneficence, while the remaining factors are metal price fluctuation, domestic demand and mineral supply which are related to mining conditions uncertainty. Research limitations/implications The research creates a SD model to support Indonesia’s competitive advantage in the smelter industry. Despite limitations like interpretations and distorted semantic analysis, it provides a useful framework for exploring complex industry themes, excluding social factors due to limited data and knowledge requirements. Practical implications The findings of this research offer a framework for policymaking by the government to enhance the competitiveness of investments in Indonesia’s nickel smelter industry. Originality/value This study delves into Indonesia’s nickel industry competitiveness using PDM. Using a more detailed SD model with quantitative analysis, it goes beyond strategy development to provide a comprehensive approach to the nickel smelter industry.

Konsekuensi dari Ekosistem Digital terhadap Regulasi Persaingan Bisnis di Indonesia dan Peran Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) dalam Era Ekonomi Digital

The era of the digital economy as it is today has demanded business people to carry out their business activities online. As a result, buyers will also make purchases online. It has implications for business competition. In this case, Law (UU) No. 5 of 1999 concerning the Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair business Competition has not accommodated the impact of the digital economy. So with that, this research has two objectives. The objectives are; First, to know the effect of the digital ecosystem on business competition law in Indonesia. Second, to see the role of the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU) in the digital economy era in the event of unfair business competition. This research uses the type of juridical-normative research. The impact of the digital economy on business competition in Indonesia has resulted in a lot of abuse of the digital platform market. In this case, digital platforms are increasing with vertical business development. This business development increases the ability of digital platforms to collect more data, increase their competitiveness and become online shop owners and application users, so that the dominant position of digital platforms can be abused, for example, discriminating against competitors in retail, exclusivity agreements with consumers, and selling policies. With losses may result in competitors becoming uncompetitive in the market and leaving the market. Responding to these challenges, it is necessary to have a regulation that regulates in a more specific scope. This is because several countries in Europe have revised their business competition law regulations to protect business actors. In addition, as a form of responding to the challenges of the times that have changed the direction of the economy and online business. Of course, the government and business actors must work together to achieve good goals for the parties who will have an impact.

THE URGENCY OF REGULATING THE MISUSE OF PERSONAL DATA POSSESSION BY E-COMMERCE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF COMPETITION LAW

The era of the digital economy has increased global trade transactions, giving rise to e-commerce companies that utilize the internet, websites, and applications to carry out trading activities in goods and services. This transformation has led to a change in viewing personal data as a commodity, so that e-commerce practices often take possession of personal data. Departing from this background, this study analyzes how the existing business competition law provisions anticipate the mastery of private data by e-commerce. This study uses a normative juridical method, with a legal-statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study show that mastery of personal data is indeed permitted in the Personal Data Protection Law, but it is necessary to pay attention to its impact on e-commerce business competition in Indonesia. The practice of controlling personal data has the potential to be misused and can result in monopolistic practices and/or unfair business competition. Current business competition legal instruments and the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU) are still limited in conducting investigations related to the practice of mastery of personal data by e-commerce which involves market advertising, definition of the e-commerce market, measuring market power, and reviewing mergers. It is necessary to formulate separate regulations regarding the prohibition of controlling personal data which can result in monopolistic practices and/or unfair business competition, both in the revision of the Business Competition Law and other related regulations.

How to Improved MSMEs Competitiveness in Indonesia?: Augmented Reality for Digital Marketing Innovation

This research aims to analyze the development of Augmented Reality (AR) as a digital marketing innovation in tourist villages in West Java. This research uses the Borg and Gall (2003) development model with quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques. The research results show that this mobile-based AR is said to be feasible for use with an average feasibility test value of 78.7%. The implication of this research is tourist villages in promoting their tourism potential starting from tourist destinations to MSMEs. Apart from that, the presence of MSMEs can also encourage the potential of culinary tourism in tourist villages so that they can develop further following technological developments.